Public Health Education and Promotion Commons^™

Tweeting To Prepare: An Examination Of Government And Organizational Messages During National Preparedness Month, Jenna L. Currie-Mueller

International Crisis and Risk Communication Conference

Each year, disasters have devastating consequences in the United States. Consequences are long term and extend beyond the disaster’s immediate impact area. Establishing a culture of preparedness is necessary for the U.S. A prepared populace responds more effectively to disasters and is less stressful on community infrastructure and resources during the response phase. One of the ways government organizations and non-government organizations can encourage preparedness actions is via social media. This study examined preparedness messages existing independently of an emerging event disseminated on Twitter by government and non-government organizations. A total of 6,374 tweets were analyzed from data collected during …

Cardiovascular Exercise Participation And Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Adults Over Normal Weight In The United States, Marytherese Agwara

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a type of sleep apnea that is common, complicated, and a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases, neurocognitive impairment, and mortality. This disease has additional negative impacts on patients' lives by contributing to daytime sleepiness and low productivity at work as well as absenteeism and work-related injuries. Several studies have been conducted to assess the relationship between cardiovascular exercises and OSA; however, a definite conclusion is lacking. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between cardiovascular exercise participation and OSA by examining the relationship between total cardiovascular exercise participation per week …

Characteristics Of Young People Seen In The Emergency Department For Assault-Related Injuries, Robyn Coons

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Violence is among the most serious threats to the health and safety of young people between the ages of 10 and 24 in the United States. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study using secondary data from the CDC's 2015 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) data set was to examine the characteristics (age, sex, race and ethnicity, insurance or payer source, and housing status) of young people between the ages of 10 and 24 who seek medical care for assault-related injuries through the emergency department (ED). The social ecological model was used to examine the complex interplay between …

Evaluation By Geospatial And Spatiotemporal Distribution Of Tularemia Cases In Arkansas, Toni Kathleen Beavers

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Tularemia is a vector-borne disease of global concern with diverse regional foci. Arkansas is an endemic state with differences in case distribution and land suitability supporting host and vector sustainment. The aim of this study was to conduct a geospatial and spatiotemporal assessment of factors associated with case distribution and timeliness and completeness of public reporting. Guided with direction from spatial epidemiology and nidality, referring to the association of ecology, climate, and proximity of disease, analysis included secondary data collected from the Arkansas Department of Health between 1995 and 2018. Using Poisson-based software, 2 clusters were found: a high-risk cluster …

A Lifestyle Intervention To Decrease Risk Of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In A Rural Population, Amanda Culp-Roche

Theses and Dissertations--Nursing

Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at risk for developing life-threatening comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). As a consequence, T2DM is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and decreased quality of life, thus highlighting the importance of prevention of T2DM. Further, the prevalence of T2DM is substantially greater in rural populations compared to urban populations, making rural individuals particularly appropriate targets for T2DM prevention.

T2DM is a largely preventable disease that is associated with modifiable risk factors such as poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. Lifestyle interventions to improve these modifiable risk factors have been used to …

A Pilot Study Of A Multiple Health Behavior Change Intervention For Smokers, Srihari Seshadri

Theses and Dissertations--Clinical and Translational Science

Background: Being both obese and a smoker increases the probability of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, diseases that impact Kentucky residents disproportionately. Kentucky (KY) has a high incidence of obesity (34.2%) and smoking (24.5 %). Weight gain associated with smoking cessation also can undermine health benefits of quitting, and may lead to smoking relapse.

Aim: The aim of the pilot study was to implement and evaluate a Multiple Health Behavioral Change (MHBC) program that combines Cooper Clayton Method to Stop Smoking (CCMSS) and the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) for weight control.

Method: A 15-week intervention was administered …

Promotion Of Fruit And Vegetable Intake Through Recipe Card Distribution And Sampling At Farmers’ Markets Throughout Kentucky, Umaima Sidra Afsheen Syeda

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports indicate that 8% and 6.3% of Kentuckians consume enough fruits and vegetables, respectively. The Plate It Up! Kentucky Proud (PIUKP) project is a recipe-development project that aims to boost produce consumption by incorporating local fruits and vegetables. The purpose of this study was to implement promotional strategies using PIUKP recipes at farmers’ markets and determine their effects on consumers’ intent of purchasing and preparing the produce. The study was conducted at nine farmers’ markets across Kentucky (n=300) in collaboration with Cooperative Extension agents/assistants.

The consumers’ impression of the sample was positively …

Dr. Tele-Corporation: Bridging The Access-To-Care Gap, Nader Amer

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

The United States is currently confronting an access-to-healthcare crisis, which rural regions are experiencing at a disproportionate rate. Many commentators have touted telemedicine as a solution for the access-to-care issue. Telemedicine uses video and telecommunication technology to allow physicians to treat patients from distant locations and thus facilitates a more equal distribution of physicians throughout the United States.

Although the telemedicine industry is quickly growing, the corporate practice of medicine doctrine impedes the industry’s expansion and consequently obstructs a viable solution to the access-to-care crisis. Generally, the corporate practice of medicine doctrine prohibits corporations and limited liability companies from employing …

A Comparison Of Post-Concussion Neurocognitive Test Results Of Recently Concussed High School Athletes To Their Neurocognitive Baseline Test Results Prior To Returning To Play, Karen Powers

DNP Projects

PURPOSE: In 2017, an estimated 2.5 million U.S. high school students reported having suffered at least one concussion while participating in sports or physical activity during the previous year. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of concussion among high school athletes and compare the athletes’ post-injury neurocognitive function to their baseline test results prior to returning to play.

METHODS: A retrospective records review of neurocognitive test scores of high school athletes during the June 2017 – June 2018 sport season was conducted. The records of 696 high school athletes were reviewed, including 30 post-injury test scores. …

Survey Of U.S. Undergraduate Self-Reported Opioid Diversion And Heroin Use, Motives, Sources, And Collective Efficacy As Mediating Factors, Mark Francis Plaushin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Epic morbidity and mortality, and intractability make prescription opioid diversion a wicked problem. Meanwhile, college undergraduates are vulnerable to opioid misuse and its consequences. The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess U.S. undergraduate students' opioid misuse and the relationship between mediating factors. The study's theoretical framework rested on Wakeland's et al. opioid system model and Shaw and McKay's social disorganization theory. This study bridged the gap, measuring collective efficacy and testing its relationship to undergraduate decisions to regulate misuse. Thus, research questions focused on gauging the problem's scope and assessing relationships between factors that drive or potentially regulate …

The Equality Toolkit: Practical Skills For Lgbtq And Dsd-Affected Patient Care, Laura Weingartner, Emily Noonan, Amy Holthouser, Jennifer Potter, Stacie Steinbock, Suzanne Kingery, Susan Sawning

Undergraduate Medical Education

The eQuality Toolkit is a training manual that helps healthcare providers build a foundation of inclusive clinical skills to competently care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer-identified (LGBTQ) patients and individuals born with differences of sex development (DSD). Although this toolkit was designed for medical students, any healthcare provider who wants to learn inclusive clinical skills can benefit from this accessible, brief primer through its actionable steps to improve clinical care.

Assessing Medical Expenditure Disparities Among U.S. Adults With Hiv Or Cardiovascular Diseases, Lorraine Nnacheta

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Older adults with infectious and chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are at high risk for associated chronic comorbidities, which are associated with increased medical expenditures to cover treatment costs. The purpose of this study was to investigate (a) whether adults 65 or older with either HIV or cardiovascular disease were predisposed to increased medical expenditures versus adults 64 and younger, and (b) the impact of race and type of health service used on total direct medical expenditures incurred among adults with HIV or cardiovascular disease. A quantitative, deductive, retrospective cross-sectional design was used, and …

Instrumental Role Modeling And The Sensitive Topic Of Obesity: A Grounded Theory, Tulie Blot Gay

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The nurse practitioner (NP) role is more prominent now than ever before in primary healthcare, positioning them as providers who defend initiatives and ongoing health agendas. Obesity is among those agendas. The concept of instrumental role modeling was explained as a combination of understanding and physical presence that gives meaning and quality to inspire change. It implied that health professionals are not merely insightful clinicians but suggested their expertise is complimented by demonstrations of wellness in knowledge and practice. This topic of weight was perceived as sensitive but must be addressed. In this grounded theory study, the perspectives of NPs …

Immune Thrombocytopenia, Minal Agarwal, Rajendra Prasad

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.

Water And Life. A Cross-Sectional Study On Determinants Of Beverage Consumption And Water Access In One Tribal Community, Christina White

All Master's Theses

Increasingly, poor diet has been shown to be one of the most crucial factors associated with cause of death, even more critical than smoking. Research in the past two decades has consistently linked increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) to the obesity epidemic contributing to a public health crisis all over the United States. Native Americans, among other minority groups, suffer obesity disproportionately from the rest of the US population, yet they continually fail to be included in research on the subject. Traditional research methods, sparse care coverage on reservations, consolidation of unique tribes into one classification, and failure to …

The Influence Of Patient-Provider Interaction, Self-Concept, And The Socio-Physical Environment On Pelvic Exam Seeking Behavior, Anxiety, And The Health Care Experience, Julie Lasslo

Theses and Dissertations--Education Sciences

Regular gynecological screenings are critical for women in promotion of health and preventing diseases like cervical cancer. Despite the importance of such examinations, many women fail to adhere to recommended screening protocols. As a result, women experience an increased disease risk. The current study examined the relationship between patient-provider communication quality, skill, and empathy on pelvic exam seeking behavior and exam-related anxiety and satisfaction. Additionally, negative self-concept, perceived poor genital self-image, and various elements of the socio-physical clinic environment were explored to better understand their impact on a women’s care seeking behavior.

A total of 350 women 19 through 80 …

Physical Therapist Views And Experiences With Patient Use Of Marijuana, Arturo De La O Basurto Jr.

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Conditions seen within physical therapy settings overlap with reasons that patients seek marijuana. For this reason, information about these professionals’ outlooks on patients’ marijuana use in prime. Purpose: Gain current views and experiences of physical therapists (PTs)/physical therapist assistants (PTAs) on their patients’ use of marijuana in the physical therapy field. Methods: PTs/PTAs were invited to complete an anonymous survey asking relative PT/PTA views, experiences, and understanding of patients’ marijuana use. Results: PTs/PTAs who have had experience (did not have experience) with patients who use marijuana received information about marijuana from news media - 61% (60%), patients …

Kangaroo Mother Care And Traditional Care, Arianna Smola, Kirsten Lawson

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Prematurity and low birth weight are leading causes of infant death. Throughout recent years care methods for this population have evolved from incubator care to Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC). The purpose of this systematic review was to answer the following PICO question: in the case of preterm and low birth weight (LBW) infants, how does the technique of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) compare to traditional incubator use, regarding long and short-term outcomes of preterm and LBW infant recovery. Methods of this study included the selection of twenty peer-reviewed articles that studied the effect of incubators and KMC on premature and …

Females, Perceptions, And Strength Training, Victoria Kanel, Alexandria Rellinger

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Performing a regular strength training routine leads to a plethora of beneficial physiological and psychological changes. A gender disparity exists with participation rates of strength training. There is a possible discrepancy in knowledge and education provided to males and females based on their physical activity and exercise backgrounds. The design of this study is an effort to better understand potential barriers females may experience and serve as a needs-assessment tool to identify females’ views of strength training participation. This study sought to explore views of strength training among females and to determine if consensus exists and how views may aid …

The Role Of Food Processing In The Inflammatory Potential Of Diet During Pregnancy, Carolina Assis Silva, Izabela Da Silva Santos, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Livia Castro Crivellenti, Daniela Saes Sartorelli

Faculty Publications

The aim was to investigate the relationship between the energy contribution (E%) of foods according to the degree of industrial processing and the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) in pregnancy. Two 24-hour dietary recalls were obtained from each of the 784 pregnant women. Adjusted linear regression models allowed observing an inverse association between E-DII scores and E% from minimally processed foods β = -0.049 (95%CI -0.055– -0.042) and a direct association with the E% of ultra-processed foods β = 0.052 (95%CI 0.045–0.058), indicating a relationship between the dietary inflammatory potential and the degree of industrial processing of foods.

Informal Caregivers' Lived Experiences Caring For A Black Man Receiving Hemodialysis, Tanikka Joy Greene

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Numerous quantitative studies have assessed caregiver burden in multiple chronic diseases, but an identified gap and underrepresentation exists in the literature regarding studies using an inductive approach that allow informal caregivers to describe the lived experiences of caring for Black men receiving hemodialysis. The transactional model of stress and coping and the stress process model guided this study. The key research questions centered on the experiences, psychological, physical, and financial limitations associated with caregiving. This phenomenological study used a purposive sample of 15 unpaid primary caregivers over the age of 18 caring for a Black male on hemodialysis from Mecklenburg …

Hiv With Opportunistic Neuroinfection, Rahul Vyas, Rajendra Prasad

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.

Concentration-Dependent Effects Of A Dietary Ketone Ester On Components Of Energy Balance In Mice, Sarah E. Deemer, Rachel A. Davis, Barbara A. Gower, Andrew P. Koutnik, Angela M. Poff, Stephanie L. Dickinson, David B. Allison, Dominic P. D'Agostino, Eric P. Plaisance

Faculty Publications

Exogenous ketones may provide therapeutic benefit in treatment of obesity. Administration of the ketone ester (KE) R,S-1,3-butanediol acetoacetate diester (BD-AcAc) decreases body weight in mice, but effects on energy balance have not been extensively characterized. The purpose of this investigation was to explore concentration-dependent effects of BD-AcAc on energy intake and expenditure in mice. Forty-two male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to one of seven isocaloric diets ( = 6 per group): (1) Control (CON, 0% KE by kcals); (2) KE5 (5% KE); (3) KE10 (10% KE); (4) KE15 (15% KE); (5) KE20 (20% KE); (6) KE25 (25% KE); and …

The Effect Of A Child's Guardian's Health Literacy On Asthma Knowledge In Pediatric Patients, Sylvan Ryder

DNP Projects

PURPOSE: The purpose of this project is to determine if there is a correlation between a guardian’s health literacy and their knowledge of their child’s asthma management.

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the University of Kentucky Pediatric Pulmonology Clinic in Lexington, Kentucky. The analysis focused on how a parent’s health literacy level effected their asthma knowledge. The Rapid Estimation of Adult Literacy in Medicine-Short Form was used to measure health literacy. An asthma knowledge questionnaire with a Likert-scale design was used to measure asthma knowledge. The sample included eight parents of children with an asthma diagnosis collected …

Provider Adherence To National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute’S Guidelines On Screening, Diagnosis, And Treatment Of Hypercholesterolemia In The Pediatric Population Aged 9-11 Years, Alanna Cox

DNP Projects

Purpose: High cholesterol levels have been directly linked to atherosclerosis, which is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Risk factors that accelerate the development of atherosclerosis, such as high cholesterol can begin in childhood. The purpose of this project was to evaluate provider adherence to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s (NHLBI) Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents, specifically the guidelines on universal lipid screening in children aged 9-11 years. The objectives were: 1) determine the rate of lipid screening in children 9-11 years old; 2) determine the number of children who …

What Is The Prevalence Of Adhd In Children Who Were Diagnosed With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome? A Retrospective Chart Review., Scott Graham

DNP Projects

Background: Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is the set of signs and symptoms present in a newborn whose mother was addicted to drugs while pregnant. NAS can occur due to sudden withdrawal from several drugs, including opioids, benzodiazepines, methamphetamines, and caffeine. It can cause many different issues in the newborn, including diarrhea, tremors, fever, and seizures. While these specific signs and symptoms are self-limited, research is showing that these children grow in to childhood and adolescence with increased risk of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), autism, motor dysregulation, and other cognitive and behavioral sequelae.

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to establish …

Sheehan Syndrome, Riya Jain, Shashidhara Kc, Savitha Savitha

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ectopia Lentis, Pratheek Prabhu

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.

Cerebro-Vascular Accident, Mehak Gera, Rajendra Prasad, Suresh Babu, Manthappa M

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.

Pulmonary Thromboembolism In A Case Of Alopecia Areata, Rakshith M

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.