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Full-Text Articles in Public Health Education and Promotion

Provider Education Increasing Recommendation For Human Papillomavirus Vaccination, Tiffany Charest Skinner Jan 2020

Provider Education Increasing Recommendation For Human Papillomavirus Vaccination, Tiffany Charest Skinner

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) was the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States in 2018 according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The CDC established the Healthy People 2020 initiative for HPV vaccination uptake of 80% to effectively eliminate HPV associated cancers. The project site, a rural multispecialty clinic in the Mid-Atlantic United States reported a 3% vaccination compliance rate, well under the national average and the benchmark of 80% recommended by the CDC. The practice-focused question for this project was to determine how education of primary providers will increase recommendation rates for vaccination of HPV. …

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Social Support And Hiv Among Young Transwomen Of Color, Cynthia Joycelle Tucker Jan 2020

Social Support And Hiv Among Young Transwomen Of Color, Cynthia Joycelle Tucker

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

HIV is an emerging epidemic among young transgender women of color (YTWC). Researchers have documented the challenges and issues that YTWC encounter, including discrimination, isolation, and violence. However, little is known about whether social support can impact these challenges as an avenue to improve HIV preventive behaviors and HIV status. Using secondary data from the Life Skills HIV study, this research assessed how social support affects HIV preventive behaviors among 298 YTWC residing in Chicago. The study was grounded in the modified social-ecological model and Spearman’s rank correlation and logistic regression analyses was used to determine whether there was an …

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Staff Instruction On Patient Health Questionnaire And Collaborative Care Model In Primary Care, Jennifer Carton Jan 2020

Staff Instruction On Patient Health Questionnaire And Collaborative Care Model In Primary Care, Jennifer Carton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The DNP project examined the effectiveness of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Collaborative Care Model (CCM) as a practice protocol for patients suffering from depression in primary care to address the problem of a shortage in mental health specialists. Research reveals an increase in Americans suffering from depression. Many primary care clinics do not have a practice protocol in place to screen and manage depression. The project's purpose was to develop a lesson plan to instruct staff on the PHQ-9 and CCM to implement into their practice. The project questions were if the lesson plan developed by the …

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Impact Of Demographic Characteristics And Therapy On Tuberculosis Incident Cases, Iliedor Garcon Jan 2020

Impact Of Demographic Characteristics And Therapy On Tuberculosis Incident Cases, Iliedor Garcon

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

For more than two decades, tuberculosis (TB) has ranked second among the top killers of infectious diseases, with an estimated 10.4 million incident cases in 2018. Demographic characteristics and drug susceptibility influence TB incidence worldwide. Using a retrospective cohort design, the purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate whether race/ethnicity, age, sex (gender), therapy completion within one year (COT), and testing for isoniazid and rifampin susceptibility (TIRS) were predictors of 672 cases of TB in New York-Newark-Jersey City from 1993 to 2017. Guided by the epidemiological triad theory, this research was conducted using a secondary TB dataset from the …

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Use Of Spanish Audio Podcast To Educate Visually Challenged Hispanics With Diabetes, Baiju Issac Jan 2020

Use Of Spanish Audio Podcast To Educate Visually Challenged Hispanics With Diabetes, Baiju Issac

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Diabetes is the leading cause of death among the Hispanic population, requiring solutions at the individual, community, and population levels. Self-management helps to manage diabetes and prevent complications, but it is a challenge in nursing practice. Health care providers use printed information to teach patients about self-management of diabetes. However, patients with visual impairment are not able to use these resources. Limited English proficiency, low health literacy, and visual challenges result in the underutilization of health care services within Hispanic communities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a Spanish audio podcast and lesson plan as teaching tools …

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Positive Behavior Support-Based In-Home Services For Traumatic Brain Injury, Charles Jack Jan 2020

Positive Behavior Support-Based In-Home Services For Traumatic Brain Injury, Charles Jack

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Researchers have demonstrated the effectiveness of positive behavior support (PBS) services in the in-home (IH) setting but few studies examined its use with traumatic brain injury (TBI) clients, and most of these were small sample cases. Additional research on IH PBS services for TBI clients was recommended, in particular using larger samples. The purpose of this study was to address that need by examining the effectiveness of IH PBS services in treating TBI-related challenging behaviors on a larger sample. The theoretical foundations for PBS, behaviorism, cognitive constructivism, social learning theory, and the biopsychosocial model of behavior, are described. The research …

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Comparison Of Health Factors And Outcomes Between Accredited And Nonaccredited Health Departments, Deborah Koester Jan 2020

Comparison Of Health Factors And Outcomes Between Accredited And Nonaccredited Health Departments, Deborah Koester

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The launch of the Public Health Accreditation Board in 2012 established national public standards. This study examined possible correlations between the accreditation status of local health departments and specific indicators for health, including communicable disease, disease prevention and health promotion, and maternal child health factors, and outcomes of premature death and infant mortality. The population for the intervention group included all 212 local health departments accredited from September 2012 through December 2017. Accredited health departments were matched with nonaccredited health departments based on population, rurality, agency type, governance authority, and state public health structure. Linear regression analysis was performed on …

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Sexual Orientation, Body Mass Index, And Methamphetamine Use Among Chicago Youth, Nileshkumar Panchal Jan 2020

Sexual Orientation, Body Mass Index, And Methamphetamine Use Among Chicago Youth, Nileshkumar Panchal

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Drug use and obesity are two of the most challenging health-related issues that young people face. Obesity, substance abuse, and drug addiction lead to brain dysfunction, which can decrease the quality of life and academic performance as well as increase the vulnerability of developing chronic diseases. To date, there has been little research to determine whether sexual orientation influences the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and methamphetamine use. Focusing on youth, the relationship between BMI, methamphetamine use, and sexual orientation were examined in this study through secondary data analysis of the Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System in Chicago. Guided …

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Relationship Between Health Risk Behaviors And Obesity Among American High School Students, Jacques Jean-Paul Cherry Jan 2020

Relationship Between Health Risk Behaviors And Obesity Among American High School Students, Jacques Jean-Paul Cherry

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Adolescent obesity is a serious health condition that affects more than 55% of students aged 12 to 19 years in the United States. Recent statistical data have noted that the rate of adolescent obesity has more than quadrupled during the past few decades. Genetics and factors such as tobacco use, alcohol use, and marijuana use have contributed to this critical public health issue. Although uniqueness of prevalence has often been linked to gender and race, associations related to these health risk behaviors and increased body mass index remain relatively unexplored among today’s U.S. youth. Adolescence has been described as a …

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A Staff Educational Model For Prevention Of Type 2 Diabetes In The Primary Care Setting, Mieshia Staples Clark Jan 2020

A Staff Educational Model For Prevention Of Type 2 Diabetes In The Primary Care Setting, Mieshia Staples Clark

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic, debilitating disease affecting millions of Americans. Though preventable, it is the most common form of diabetes in the United States, costing the U.S. health care system billions of dollars annually. Lifestyle modifications taught, encouraged, and supported in established, evidence-based diabetes prevention programs (DPP) are proven to be more effective than medications alone in preventing Type 2 diabetes. While DPPs are cost-effective and can reduce or delay the incidence of Type 2 diabetes, they are greatly underutilized due to primary care providers’lack of knowledge about the benefits and availability of these programs and also due …

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Impact Of Food Assistance Programs On Food Insecurity, Diet Quality And Obesity, Jessica Eileen Hill Jan 2020

Impact Of Food Assistance Programs On Food Insecurity, Diet Quality And Obesity, Jessica Eileen Hill

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity remains a public health issue in the United States because it contributes to chronic diseases. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) was designed to increase food security, alleviate hunger, and increase access to a healthful diet; however, it may have the opposite effect and contribute to obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine to what extent participation in SNAP impacts food insecurity, diet quality, and obesity in U.S. adults. The social-ecological model guided the study which was conducted using a quantitative a cross-sectional research design and secondary analyses of the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey …

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Obesity And Overweightness Among African-American Adolescent Population And Health-Related Quality Of Life, Emmanuel Anene Jan 2020

Obesity And Overweightness Among African-American Adolescent Population And Health-Related Quality Of Life, Emmanuel Anene

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity and overweightness are a significant public health problem and a risk factor for many chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to find the associations between gender, race, physical activity, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among obese and overweight African American adolescents aged 12 to 19 years. An improved understanding of the health issues could help this population live a longer quality life and prevent serious health implications in adulthood. A quantitative approach with a sample size of 331 was used. The control variables were age and household income, the dependent variable was HRQOL, and the independent …

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Mothers’ And Community Stakeholders’ Perspectives About The Vitamin A Supplementation Program In Nigeria, Olufolakemi Mercy Anjorin Jan 2020

Mothers’ And Community Stakeholders’ Perspectives About The Vitamin A Supplementation Program In Nigeria, Olufolakemi Mercy Anjorin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) affects about one third of children under the age of five in Nigeria. There is low uptake of biannual Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) used since year 2010 as the national response to addressing VAD among children 6 to 59 months. Yet, there is limited research on barriers or facilitators to uptake of VAS. The purpose of this study was to examine the perspectives of stakeholders about the VAS program in Nigeria. The theoretical underpinning was the social marketing framework. The central question related to the views of stakeholders toward the VAS program, and their perception about …

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The Lived Experience Of Child Marriage And Its Health Effects Among Young Mothers In Nigeria, Anastasia Iliwo Ashi Jan 2020

The Lived Experience Of Child Marriage And Its Health Effects Among Young Mothers In Nigeria, Anastasia Iliwo Ashi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Child marriage has life-threatening implications for the mental, physical, and psychological development of the girl-child. In Sub-Saharan Africa, and other resource poor settings, child brides and very young mothers undergo various negative experiences including economic hardship and health challenges such as obstetric fistulas, birth complications, and even death. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the lived experiences of child marriage and its effect on maternal health among young mothers in Nigeria. The social ecological model provided the conceptual framework for this study. Ten young women ages 18-24 years who had been child brides when age 12-16 years …

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Staff Education On Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Joan P. Williams Jan 2020

Staff Education On Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Joan P. Williams

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Diabetes mellitus is a major health concern that affects the physical and financial facets of communities. During the past 4 years, a multidisciplinary health care clinic in a northern state reported an increase in the number of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. Forty-three percent (43%) of adults with T2D had an elevated glycated hemoglobin A1c of 7.5% or higher. Yet, the staff at the clinic lacked current knowledge of T2D, quality of care, and prevention strategies for patients with T2D. This resulted in increased serious health care issues, associated costs, and increased complications of the patients with T2D. The purpose …

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Interprofessional Teams As A Strategy To Address Physician Shortages In North Dakota, Judy Ann Solberg Jan 2020

Interprofessional Teams As A Strategy To Address Physician Shortages In North Dakota, Judy Ann Solberg

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

North Dakota health care and political leaders are facing pressure to revise health care delivery in the state. A chronic shortage of health care providers, retention issues, an aging population, and a recent population burst, as well as an abnormally high rate of physician retirement, have made health care access problematic for residents of the rural state. The purpose of this study was to explore and understand the main inhibitors and facilitators of employing interprofessional teams as a strategy to address rural physician shortages in North Dakota. Bandura’s social cognitive theory provided the framework for this phenomenological study of issues …

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Medical Skepticism And Diabetes Management In African Americans, Pamela Bouyer Jan 2020

Medical Skepticism And Diabetes Management In African Americans, Pamela Bouyer

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in African Americans is a manageable disease, and self-management interventions reduce complications and hospital stays. However, in the African American population, traditional T2DM self-management interventions do not produce long-term effects on lifestyle and behavior changes. Researchers have analyzed the barriers and interventions associated with the disease, but the problem still exists. Medical skepticism may influence T2DM management and health outcomes in African Americans. However, there is scarce literature addressing the relationship between medical skepticism and health outcomes (eye and kidney problems). The purpose of the study is to assess the relationship between medical skepticism and outcomes …

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Health Literacy And Health Beliefs With Adherence To Antihypertensive Medications In An Urban African American Cohort, Karen Ranae Dukes Jan 2020

Health Literacy And Health Beliefs With Adherence To Antihypertensive Medications In An Urban African American Cohort, Karen Ranae Dukes

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African Americans aged 40 to 65 are more likely to be diagnosed with hypertension, and adherence to prescribed antihypertensive medication regimens is important in controlling their blood pressure levels. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between health literacy and sociodemographic and clinical factors with adherence to antihypertensive medications among African American adults. The theoretical framework for this study was the health belief model. A quantitative research design was used with participants recruited from churches with African American congregations in the city of Detroit. A convenience sampling method was used to obtain a sample of 79 …

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Social And Ecological Determinants Of Physical Activity For Youth With Cerebral Palsy, George E. Gorton Jan 2020

Social And Ecological Determinants Of Physical Activity For Youth With Cerebral Palsy, George E. Gorton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Physical inactivity is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, increasing risk for noncommunicable disease and compromised physical, social, and mental health. However, fewer than 20% of U.S. youth meet physical activity guidelines; youth with disabilities are even less active. Physical activity is influenced by personal, family, social, organizational, community, and environmental factors acting within a social-ecological framework. To what extent is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which social and ecological factors are associated with participation of youth with cerebral palsy in physical activity. The research design was a cross-sectional, quantitative …

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Clostridium Difficile Incidence In Acute Care Hospitals: Patient And Hospital Characteristics, Angela Nwachuku Jan 2020

Clostridium Difficile Incidence In Acute Care Hospitals: Patient And Hospital Characteristics, Angela Nwachuku

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Hospital acquired infections (HAIs) calls for the attention of public research because it allows for investigation of the health practices, resources, and barriers of different health facilities and their surrounding communities. This research study examined the relationship between hospital acquired clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and patient, socioeconomic, and hospital characteristics in the state of New Mexico to determine their correlation with the increased incidence of CDI between 2013 and 2015 and if significant differences exist. The research questions were explored with the implication of the fundamental cause model and the pathways model. New Mexico patients over the age of 18 …

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Men’S Knowledge And Perceptions Of Cervical Cancer: Influence Upon Increase In Cervical Cancer Screening In Rural Kenya, Lydia Oriko Jan 2020

Men’S Knowledge And Perceptions Of Cervical Cancer: Influence Upon Increase In Cervical Cancer Screening In Rural Kenya, Lydia Oriko

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many facilities in Kendubay, Kenya offer cervical cancer screening and treatment services, yet many women in this rural community do not undergo screening. This lack of preventive care may be attributable to lack of support from men in the community. There exists a gap in the literature concerning the knowledge and perceptions of men about cervical cancer and related screening procedures. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the knowledge and perceptions of men in the community about cervical cancer and screening, and how men’s knowledge and perceptions influence women to undergo cervical cancer screening. The study used …

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Process, Factors, Resources, And Health Consequences Of Burnout In Psychiatrists, Brittany Elise Plaven Jan 2020

Process, Factors, Resources, And Health Consequences Of Burnout In Psychiatrists, Brittany Elise Plaven

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Burnout among psychiatrists in the United States is prevalent; however, scholarly literature lacks studies exploring why psychiatrists are burnt out, what resources mitigate burnout, and the health implications of burnout, which is needed to improve health education programs for psychiatrists. Understanding the reasons for psychiatrist burnout, the resources that can mitigate burnout, and the health implications of burnout provided the purpose for this dissertation and foundation for the four research questions. The multidimensional theory of burnout, job demands-resource model, and the conservation of resources theory grounded the study. A qualitative, exploratory, multiple case study was conducted using data gathered from …

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Sociodemographic Factors, Culture, And Suicide In Guyana, Kay Shako Jan 2020

Sociodemographic Factors, Culture, And Suicide In Guyana, Kay Shako

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Suicide in younger populations is a major public health concern and it significantly impacts third world countries like Guyana. Some challenges related to suicide are poor recording of suicide risk factors and customized prevention programs to address this significant issue. The purpose of this study was to examine which sociodemographic factors (age, gender, occupation, method of suicide, and region) are associated with suicide and method of suicide among people aged ≥ 15 years in Guyana. Also, because studies show that culture plays a pivotal role in suicide, this study investigated if there is a link between culture (ethnicity/race and religion) …

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Childhood Obesity: The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act And School-Aged Children, Frankie Jean Alstin-Brooks Jan 2020

Childhood Obesity: The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act And School-Aged Children, Frankie Jean Alstin-Brooks

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity among children in America is at an all time high, 57.3% of the nation’s children will be obese by the age of 35. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act (HHFKA) policy. The HHFKA modified the nutritional and physical policies in order to reduce the obesity rates by changing their expenditures. Schools in all 50 states that are subject to federal, state and local nutrition regulations were researched. This was a quantitative, non-experimental, correlation study that measured state compliance with the USDA guidelines and tested for an association between compliance …

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Suicidal Ideation, Suicidality, And Hiv/Aids Infection Or Diagnosis Among Asian American Sexual Minorities, Francis Azih Ngene Jan 2020

Suicidal Ideation, Suicidality, And Hiv/Aids Infection Or Diagnosis Among Asian American Sexual Minorities, Francis Azih Ngene

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Asian American men who have sex with men (MSM) are an understudied minority. They are particularly affected by HIV/AIDS and are also impacted by psychosocial and mental health factors of depression, substance use, drug use, and alcohol use/abuse, any of which may lead to suicidal ideation and suicidality. These associations have not been widely studied in this population. The purpose of this quantitative study was to use the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data to examine these psychosocial and mental health issues and their association with suicidal ideation, suicidality, and HIV/AIDS infection or diagnosis among Asian American …

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Knowledge And Use Of Health Services Related To Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Hiv In Nigeria, Uduak Bassey Jan 2020

Knowledge And Use Of Health Services Related To Mother-To-Child Transmission Of Hiv In Nigeria, Uduak Bassey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

HIV has remained a global public health issue despite efforts to curb the trend; especially in sub-Saharan African countries where more than 50% of those infected are women, creating implications for infant transmission. The purpose of this study was to assess trends in knowledge of prevention of mother-to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV and use of PMTCT-related maternal health services (measured by antenatal care [ANC] in health facilities, use of HIV counseling and testing [HCT] during ANC, and use of skilled birth attendant at delivery [SBA]); as well as the association between knowledge and use of health services among reproductive …

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Depression And Awareness Of Mental Health Resources Among Minority And Non-Minority College Students, Henry David Browne Jan 2020

Depression And Awareness Of Mental Health Resources Among Minority And Non-Minority College Students, Henry David Browne

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Minority college students experience higher levels of psychological stress and depression, and lower utilization of mental health resources (MHR) compared to the general student population. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between self-reported depressive symptoms and awareness of mental health services among college undergraduate minority and non-minority students, controlling for sex, interest in MHR information, and history of mental illness. The self-determination theory guided the study. The study utilized a cross-sectional research design using secondary survey data from the National College Health Assessment (NCHA). The NCHA dataset included 354,262 respondents from 52 self-selected U.S. colleges …

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Demographic, Lifestyle, And Psychosocial Predictors Of Obesity Among Nigerian Igbo Immigrants, Ahamefula Arthur Duru Jan 2020

Demographic, Lifestyle, And Psychosocial Predictors Of Obesity Among Nigerian Igbo Immigrants, Ahamefula Arthur Duru

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity is known as a risk factor for chronic diseases, and a contributor to health disparities among minorities and vulnerable persons. There is a paucity of data on Nigeria Igbos on obesity risks in the United States; therefore, studying obesity in this population may help policymakers tailor interventions that could reduce the prevalence of obesity. The purpose of the study was to examine the predictors of obesity among Nigerian Igbo immigrants in the United States. This study sought to examine lifestyle, psychosocial, and demographic factors as unique predictors of obesity in Nigeria Igbo immigrants. The social-ecological model and acculturation theory …

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Understanding Male Perpetrated Intimate Partner Violence And Women’S Demands For Condom Use, Linda Musu Edwards Jan 2020

Understanding Male Perpetrated Intimate Partner Violence And Women’S Demands For Condom Use, Linda Musu Edwards

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Sub-Saharan Africa is host to more than 70% (25.5 million) of people with HIV/AIDS. More than half of the reported cases of people living with HIV/AIDS are women who are twice as likely to contract HIV than males in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior was to determine if a relationship between female demands for male partner condom use and male perpetrated intimate partner violence (MPIPV) in opposite sex cohabitating or married couples, as well as examine the relationship between the risk factors of age, education level, socioeconomic status, history of MPIPV, …

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Severe Maternal Morbidity In Michigan: An Investigation Of Health Disparities, Laura Houdeshell-Putt Jan 2020

Severe Maternal Morbidity In Michigan: An Investigation Of Health Disparities, Laura Houdeshell-Putt

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Severe maternal morbidity (SMM) rates in Michigan have increased over the past 20 years and continue to affect racial and ethnic women disproportionately. Women experiencing health conditions that complicate pregnancy outcomes have a greater risk of having poor obstetric outcomes that result in a SMM event. To evaluate the distribution of women experiencing health conditions that complicate pregnancy and a SMM event, geographic information systems were utilized in this study. The purpose of this study was to depict trends in the prevalence of 4 health conditions and SMM among women hospitalized for obstetric delivery in Michigan from 2016–2017. The 4 …

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