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Articles 1021 - 1050 of 1540

Full-Text Articles in Public Health Education and Promotion

College Health Clinic Population Health Improvement Plan Project, Kathryn M. Flynn Jan 2017

College Health Clinic Population Health Improvement Plan Project, Kathryn M. Flynn

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A college community health improvement plan (CHIP) focusing on the indicators of nutrition and weight status, and physical activity and fitness is designed with the goal of reducing obesity risk, improving health, and preventing chronic disease. The precede proceed model, logic model, innovative care for chronic conditions model, self-care theory, and Bandura's social cognitive learning theory were used as a research design framework for assessing, planning, and managing sustainability through a two-year college health clinic. The research questions were: what are the current health promotion inputs and activities in terms of environment, ecology, education, and policy and what could be …

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Effect Of Physical Activity Frequency On Body Image Among Young Adult Women, Kristin Minter Jan 2017

Effect Of Physical Activity Frequency On Body Image Among Young Adult Women, Kristin Minter

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Approximately half of all female adolescents and young adults suffer from body dissatisfaction and, in turn, body image-related health concerns. Poor body image can contribute to various negative health behaviors including low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and suicide. Research indicates a positive relationship between physical activity and self-esteem, and between self-esteem and body image. However, a paucity of research examines the effect of physical activity frequency on the body image of young women with two-like body compositions, as measured by body mass index (BMI). Based on self-discrepancy theory, self-schema theory, and the health belief model, this quantitative study explored …

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The Strategic Prevention Framework: Effectiveness Of Substance Abuse Prevention System, John Jinoh Park Jan 2017

The Strategic Prevention Framework: Effectiveness Of Substance Abuse Prevention System, John Jinoh Park

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The strategic prevention framework (SPF) is a data-driven operating system to assist designing evidence-based substance abuse prevention programs. The study performed here was to assess the effectiveness of the SPF as a prevention planning system. One purpose of this study was to determine the implementation fidelity of the programs that used the SPF process; the other purpose was to assess effectiveness of the SPF process. This study utilized a set of data collected by the national cross site evaluation team on all jurisdictions that implemented the SPF. A subset of communities collected and reported at least 2 pre-implementation and at …

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Religiosity As A Predictor Of Hpv Awareness And Knowledge, Karen Adelheid Reiner Jan 2017

Religiosity As A Predictor Of Hpv Awareness And Knowledge, Karen Adelheid Reiner

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) and etiological agent of cervical cancer. It has been suggested that religiosity may promote a generalized disassociation between all STIs/STDs, including HPV, and personal relevance thus contributing to lower levels of HPV awareness and knowledge among certain groups. This study sought to identify the role of religiosity as a predictor of HPV awareness and knowledge among women in a Christian university. Religiosity was defined and measured using the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL). The schemata and social identity theories provided the theoretical framework for this study. A total of …

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Compliance Of Caregivers With Polio Vaccine Dosages And Timelines In Lagos State Nigeria, Grace Olubunmi Salako Smith Jan 2017

Compliance Of Caregivers With Polio Vaccine Dosages And Timelines In Lagos State Nigeria, Grace Olubunmi Salako Smith

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Caregivers' compliance with polio vaccine regimens and timely receipt of the recommended 4 doses of polio vaccine are pivotal to eliminating polio. This cross sectional study, conducted in Lagos State, Nigeria, examined polio vaccine compliance and demographic attributes of caregivers' for statistically significant associations. Using an adapted health belief model theoretical framework, 1,200 participants were recruited from well-baby clinics in 8 local government areas in Lagos State. Participants completed a brief demographic survey providing data on caregivers' age, gender, residence (rural or urban), and their level of education as well as records from their children's immunization cards. Data obtained were …

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Barriers And Perceptions Of Black American Men About Prostate Cancer In Georgia, Martins M. Nnoko Jan 2017

Barriers And Perceptions Of Black American Men About Prostate Cancer In Georgia, Martins M. Nnoko

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In 2016, prostate cancer was the second leading cause of fatality in the United States. However, the population in this study 'Black American men, ages 40 and older, in selected counties in Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Clayton and Atlanta metropolitan areas' tended to underutilize prostate cancer care. The purpose of this quantitative, nonexperimental descriptive study was to determine whether socio-economic barriers and perceptions of Black American men about prostate cancer reduce their ability to access quality care in this county in Georgia. The Health Belief Model (HBM) was used to inform the predictive validity of perceptions, attitudes, and belief on individual …

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Using An Apn-Led Transitional Care Program To Reduce 30-Day Hospital Readmissions, Miaozhen Li Jan 2017

Using An Apn-Led Transitional Care Program To Reduce 30-Day Hospital Readmissions, Miaozhen Li

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Heart failure (HF) is a serious public health problem associated with high mortality rates, hospital readmissions, and health care costs. Transitional care has emerged as a disease management model used to reduce readmissions for hospital-discharged patients with HF. However, the efficacy of an advanced practice nurse (APN)-led transitional care program (TCP) in readmission reduction is under debate. The practice question for this project examined the extent to which an APN-led TCP was effective in reducing 30-day all-cause readmissions for hospital-discharged HF patients. The logic model was the framework guiding this program evaluation. An analysis of quality improvement HF data from …

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Safety Practices On Lead Poisoning Among Battery Technicians In Lagos Nigeria, Tajudeen Olusegun Rasheed Jan 2017

Safety Practices On Lead Poisoning Among Battery Technicians In Lagos Nigeria, Tajudeen Olusegun Rasheed

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Maintaining due diligence on safety practices at the workplace of battery technicians is the most cost-effective intervention against lead-related hazards. The safety practice on lead poisoning in Nigeria is below average, and the compliance level is far from the expected target of 90%. Using Dejoy's workplace self-protective behavior theory, this study investigated multilevel factors that influence safety practices on lead poisoning and compared the rate of utilization of personal protective equipment by battery technicians in the organized and roadside settings. The study was a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design, and a multistage and systematic sampling technique was used to select 293 …

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Culturally Competent Nutrition Counseling And Health Outcomes Of Patients On Emergency Dialysis, Edlyn Geraldine Bustamante Jan 2017

Culturally Competent Nutrition Counseling And Health Outcomes Of Patients On Emergency Dialysis, Edlyn Geraldine Bustamante

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Undocumented end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in the United States only have access to emergency dialysis. To compensate for the lack of regular dialysis these patients must follow strict renal dietary restrictions. However, nutrition counseling by a dietitian is not part of the renal management of patients on emergency dialysis. The purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental treatment-control study was to assess how the application of nutritional counseling that is both culturally and linguistically competent affects dialysis frequency and biochemical lab values such as serum potassium, phosphorus, and vitamin D of patients in emergency dialysis. The study was grounded on …

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Pathopoiesis Mechanism Of Smoking And Shared Genes In Pancreatic Cancer, Ulysses Labilles Jan 2017

Pathopoiesis Mechanism Of Smoking And Shared Genes In Pancreatic Cancer, Ulysses Labilles

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a significant, unresolved issue because of its complex genetic blueprint and lack of reliable detection markers. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible correlation between tobacco use, gender, and age in the etiopathogenesis of PC and other cancer types with a shared-gene association (CTSG-A). The unified paradigm of cancer causation was used to understand the pathopoiesis mechanism of smoking and shared genes in PC. A cross-sectional study was performed using secondary data from the cancer survivorship module of the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey. Results of ordinal logistic regression analyses indicated …

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Use Of Social Cognitive Theory To Understand Veterans' Postservice Physical Activity Behavior, Geoffrey Bruce Miller Jan 2017

Use Of Social Cognitive Theory To Understand Veterans' Postservice Physical Activity Behavior, Geoffrey Bruce Miller

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The health of the veteran population within the United States has become a matter of ever-increasing concern, and many individuals who have attained veteran status are experiencing health issues following their discharge from the military. Despite such concerns, there are often not enough resources available to assist these individuals to the degree necessary in an expedient manner. The purpose of this case study was to use social cognitive theory to understand the physical activity of veterans following their time in service. Through the use of social cognitive theory, this study explored the thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors of 11 veterans to …

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The Effect Of Referral Source On Patient Participation In Diabetes Education Programs, Karyn Marie Gallivan Jan 2017

The Effect Of Referral Source On Patient Participation In Diabetes Education Programs, Karyn Marie Gallivan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The goal of diabetes education programs (DEPs) is to improve patients' pattern-management habits for those with type 2 diabetes (T2D), though participation in DEPs is lower than expected due to low physician referral rates. This retrospective study examined secondary data of 162 T2D patients who had been referred to a DEP in a community center in RI to determine whether the source of referral affected patient attendance, participation persistence, and outcomes. Self-referred (n = 62) and physician-referred (n = 100) groups were analyzed for possible associations among the aforementioned variables. Chi-square (p = .04) and logistic regression (p = .04) …

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Fall Prevention In A Neurological Care Unit, Claudeth Jeffrey Jan 2017

Fall Prevention In A Neurological Care Unit, Claudeth Jeffrey

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Patient falls are an ongoing concern for health systems in the US and in the setting where this project took place. Inpatient falls affect consumers and health providers because falls often result in patient morbidity and mortality, legal risk, increased length of stay, and increased costs. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the existing fall prevention protocol at the site where this project took place and to make recommendations for an evidenced-based fall prevention protocol. The professional practice model was the conceptual model that guided the exploratory descriptive project. A review of the site's fall prevention policies and …

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Sugar Intake And The Five Personality Traits Of Millennials, Flora Gashi Jan 2017

Sugar Intake And The Five Personality Traits Of Millennials, Flora Gashi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Sugar intake continues to be connected to an increased risk of heart diseases, diabetes, arthritis, and certain forms of cancers, depression, and schizophrenia. The purpose of the study was to examine if sugar intake is related to personality traits in the Millennial population. The health belief model was used as the theoretical framework for conducting the study. The research questions addressed in the current study were in regards to the relationships between Millennials daily sugar intake and openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. This study was a cross-sectional design in which a panel of randomly selected United States Millennials (N …

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Rural Community Health Needs Assessment Findings: Access To Care And Mental Health, Sabrina Cherry, Ayanna Robinson, Jared Jashinsky, Grace Bagwell-Adams, Michelle Elliott, Marsha Davis Jan 2017

Rural Community Health Needs Assessment Findings: Access To Care And Mental Health, Sabrina Cherry, Ayanna Robinson, Jared Jashinsky, Grace Bagwell-Adams, Michelle Elliott, Marsha Davis

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

This article highlights the qualitative results from focus groups conducted as part of a Community Health Needs Assessments in two rural Georgia communities. Four 1-hr focus groups were facilitated with 32 community stakeholders. Sessions were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis identified two primary themes: mental health and barriers to accessing health care. Focus group participants discussed mental health challenges as they related to substance abuse and suicide. Participants acknowledged barriers to access, including no health insurance, cost, eligibility gaps for government-sponsored programs, the low availability of specialty care, and poverty. Addressing mental health and access to care in …

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Using Multi-Theory Model To Predict Low Salt Intake - Nigerian Adults With Hypertension, Christine Adekemi Dokun-Mowete Jan 2017

Using Multi-Theory Model To Predict Low Salt Intake - Nigerian Adults With Hypertension, Christine Adekemi Dokun-Mowete

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Hypertension is a chronic non-communicable disease and a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, renal malfunction, disability, and premature death. One of the public health recommendations for the management of hypertension is the reduction of sodium/salt intake. There is need to develop and implement new evidence-based theoretical interventions to initiate and sustain behavior change in health education and promotion. Therefore, the quantitative cross-sectional method and design was used to investigate the adequacy of multi-theory model (MTM) constructs for the initiation and the sustenance of low sodium/salt intake behavior in hypertensive Nigerian adults. In addition, the impact of the MTM (initiation) …

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Diabetes Self-Management Problems Of Older, Low-Income African American Women, Pearlean Day Day Jan 2017

Diabetes Self-Management Problems Of Older, Low-Income African American Women, Pearlean Day Day

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects low-income African American women, age 50 years and older: 30% to 40% of this population has this chronic disease. Two significant factors affecting poor diabetes practice adherence are food insecurity and depression; another is obesity. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine if either food insecurity or depression significantly affect Type 2 diabetes self-management practices; and/or if food insecurity significantly influences practice adherence indirectly, through the mediator of depression, while controlling for obesity. The research questions were aligned with the theoretical pathways posited in Matthews's reserve capacity model (RCM) and used the …

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Rural Haitian Women's Experiences With Poor Health Through Poverty, Geralda Felix Jan 2017

Rural Haitian Women's Experiences With Poor Health Through Poverty, Geralda Felix

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

People living in rural Haiti lack access to basic health care services due to poverty. Rural poverty in Haiti particularly affects women's health because Haiti has had the highest maternal mortality and infant mortality rates in the Americas, in addition to some of the worst health statistics in the Western Hemisphere. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to cultivate a greater understanding of the poverty factors that affect access to health care services specifically among poor women living in rural Haiti. This study was based on the social ecological model for population health development, theorizing that a person's health …

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Health, Wellness, And Ecological Impacts Of Horse Therapy For Special Needs Children, Jennifer Suzanne Sulkowski Jan 2017

Health, Wellness, And Ecological Impacts Of Horse Therapy For Special Needs Children, Jennifer Suzanne Sulkowski

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The benefits of horse therapy for special needs children have been documented for centuries, but direct experience and perspective from special needs children and their families involved in horse therapy are missing from the literature. The purpose of this study was to enhance understanding on the health, well-being, and ecological impacts of horse therapy for special needs children, and to demonstrate how horse therapy aligns with public health, by interviewing 8 special needs families who utilize the therapy, 8 adults who underwent horse therapy as children, and 12 ecological experts in local communities. Data were hand-coded and organized based on …

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The Relationship Between Infertility, Infertility Treatment, Psychological Interventions, And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Antoinette Corley-Newman Jan 2017

The Relationship Between Infertility, Infertility Treatment, Psychological Interventions, And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Antoinette Corley-Newman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The number of women diagnosed as infertile continues to grow every year. The psychological impact of the infertility experience has been said to create distress equivalent to that associated with life-threatening illnesses and has been linked with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Using shattered assumption and stress-buffering theory, this quantitative causal comparative study explored the potential functional relationship between infertility and PTSD. The majority of the (all-female) participants were 24- to 34-year-old college graduates. A 2 X 3 factorial between-subjects ANOVA examined and compared the cause and effect of the independent variables, fertility treatment and psychological intervention, on the dependent variable, …

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Individual And Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Childhood Immunization Coverage In Nigeria, Obinna Ositadimma Oleribe Jan 2017

Individual And Socioeconomic Factors Associated With Childhood Immunization Coverage In Nigeria, Obinna Ositadimma Oleribe

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Immunization remains one of the most successful and cost-effective public health interventions worldwide. The purpose of this study was to examine the individual and socioeconomic factors that influence childhood immunization coverage in Nigeria. The health belief model and the social ecological model were used as the theoretical framework for the study, which examined the effects of individual, parental, and socioeconomic factors on complete immunization among Nigerian children. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate tests were conducted within a secondary analysis of 2013 Nigerian National Demographic and Health Survey was done. Of 27,571 children aged 0 to 59 months, 22.1% had full vaccination …

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Contributing Factors Of Obesity Among Over-The-Road Truckers, Shari Weiss Jan 2017

Contributing Factors Of Obesity Among Over-The-Road Truckers, Shari Weiss

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity among over-the-road truckers (OTRs) is an epidemic creating significant public health issues among this population. The consequences of obesity (hypertension, diabetes, heart disease) put both truckers' health and their medical clearance at significant risk. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of gender, physical activity, diet, and sleep on obesity among OTRs. Through a socioecological lens, this study examined whether obesity is significantly impacted by gender, physical activity, nutrition, and sleep. This study also examined the impact of the trucking environment on obesity. The study used a quantitative research design and data were collected through a …

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Self-Reported Health Status, Perceived Risk For Developing Breast Cancer, And Mammography Screening Use, Idara Sylvanus Mcpartling Jan 2017

Self-Reported Health Status, Perceived Risk For Developing Breast Cancer, And Mammography Screening Use, Idara Sylvanus Mcpartling

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Breast cancer is a widespread public health issue in the United States which affects all women. Although mammography is a proven screening tool, screening rates vary widely. Self-reported health status may play a role in how women perceive their risks for developing breast cancer, which may affect mammography use. The purpose of this cross-sectional survey study was to assess the association between self-reported health status and perceived risk for developing breast cancer, as well as perceived barriers towards mammography screening and use. Social action theory, which holds that social and the psychological factors influence health behaviors, served as the theoretical …

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Influence Of Media Messages On Obesity And Health Perceptions Among African American Women, Carolyn Grant Jan 2017

Influence Of Media Messages On Obesity And Health Perceptions Among African American Women, Carolyn Grant

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African American women have the highest prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, thus increasing their risks for chronic diseases. Their understanding of their health status and response to it could be triggered by messages in the media, yet few researchers have examined this topic with African American women. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore how advertisement and editorial content in media contributed to perceptions African American women have about overweight and obesity. Following the theoretical foundation of the social cognitive theory, the research questions explored what messages study participants encountered and which messages prompted …

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Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Assessment And Lifestyle Adjustments In African Americans, Biruk Nigatu Nigatu Jan 2017

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Assessment And Lifestyle Adjustments In African Americans, Biruk Nigatu Nigatu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Multiple studies have indicated a higher burden of overweight/obesity and exposure to environmental toxins, such as alcohol and tobacco smoke, in association with higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the African American population. Thus, the purpose of this research was to determine if there was a significant difference in the use of lifestyle adjustments such as moderating alcohol consumption, weight loss, and smoking cessation on the prevalence of CVD in the African American population. The theoretical foundation was social cognitive theory and the social ecological model that posits the interplay of individual, social, and environmental factors. This cross-sectional quantitative …

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Public Health Implications Of Oil Pollution In Koluama: Nigeria, Esther Bridget Sako Jan 2017

Public Health Implications Of Oil Pollution In Koluama: Nigeria, Esther Bridget Sako

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

As the global demand for oil increases, human health implications related to its discovery and transport remain a serious concern. The Niger Delta has been the site of severe environmental degradation since the oil boom of the 1970s. While some researchers have examined the environmental effects of oil procurement, few have explored human health implications in this region. This phenomenological study investigated the human physical and mental health consequences of oil-related environmental degradation through the perceptions and lived experiences of villagers in Koluama, Nigeria. The conceptual framework for the study was based on research conducted by Morello-Frosch, Zuk, Jerrett, Shamasunder …

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Caregiver Burden And Emergency Room Utilization For Enhanced Recovery Surgery Cancer Patients, Mindy Sovel Jan 2017

Caregiver Burden And Emergency Room Utilization For Enhanced Recovery Surgery Cancer Patients, Mindy Sovel

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Advances in surgical technique and medical management have led to fundamental changes in surgical care allowing for a paradigm shift from inpatient to outpatient surgery. Enhanced recovery pathways have moved surgical recovery from inpatient to outpatient settings requiring informal caregiver support. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of caregiver burden in this patient population and to explore whether caregiver burden contributes to preventable use of emergency room services. The conceptual framework supporting this retrospective cross-sectional study was Andersen's behavioral model of health services utilization. Data collected from 28 urologic patient/caregiver pairs were analyzed using descriptive statistics …

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The Impact Of Palliative Care On Health Status In Hiv-Positive Children, Aabid Abdulmajid Ahmed Jan 2017

The Impact Of Palliative Care On Health Status In Hiv-Positive Children, Aabid Abdulmajid Ahmed

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

HIV-positive children in sub-Saharan Africa have numerous challenges to overcome. These challenges increase psychosocial stress as well as symptom burden including fatigue, weight loss, pain, and mental changes. The symptoms may persist even after initiation of antiretroviral therapy, so such children need additional care. Palliative care lays emphasis on holistic patient-centered care, including physical, psychological, social, and spiritual symptoms, alongside antiretroviral therapy. There is limited data on the impact of integrating palliative care with standard HIV care and treatment in children. The purpose of this study was to fill the gap in the literature by investigating the impact of palliative …

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Emergency Medical Service Career Longevity: Impact Of Alignment Between Preemployment Expectations And Postemployment Perceptions, Michael Joseph Belotto Jan 2017

Emergency Medical Service Career Longevity: Impact Of Alignment Between Preemployment Expectations And Postemployment Perceptions, Michael Joseph Belotto

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate whether there were differences between the preconceived notions of emergency medical technicians and paramedics prior to entering the profession and their notions of the vocation after facing the realities of the job. The contribution of alignment or misalignment to job satisfaction and the intention to leave the profession was also further investigated. This research is important as there currently is a gap in the literature pertaining to the factors affecting career longevity of emergency medical service (EMS) professionals. The degree of fit between individual and occupational characteristics guided this phenomenological study …

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Testing A Psychological Readiness Training Intervention On Ptsd, Depression, Anxiety, & Stress In First Responders, Renee Kosor Jan 2017

Testing A Psychological Readiness Training Intervention On Ptsd, Depression, Anxiety, & Stress In First Responders, Renee Kosor

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Exposure to traumatic events is rare for the general public but common for first responders. However, there is little proactive emotional health care occurring inside the first responder community. No preventive treatment for depression, anxiety, stress, and PTSD exists. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a psychological readiness training intervention on 361 police officers and firefighters in a medium-size Midwestern city. A combined positive psychological capital and cognitive behavior therapy approach was used to frame the study. This study used a pretest, posttest quasi-experimental design. The participants were a convenience sample of 119 volunteers from …

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