Public Health Education and Promotion Commons^™

The Significance Of Super Depo Sutorejo: Waste Management Project In Surabaya Municipality, Indonesia, Yohanes Kambaru Windi, Dyah Wijayanti, Eko Rustamaji Wiyatno, Loetfia Dwi Rahariyani

Kesmas

The Super Depo Sutorejo Surabaya (SDSS) Project was created to separate household waste into fractions, but its separation effect is unknown. This study assessed the significance of the project in sorting general waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and assorted. The t-test compared the means of general and biodegradable waste (normally distributed). The non-biodegradable and assorted waste were not significantly distributed; therefore, the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to compare their medians against general waste. The multivariate analysis compared the significance level of each waste fraction. Each statistical analysis showed that the SDSS significantly sorts the general waste. The p-values were …

Inter-Related Factors Influencing Sexual Quality Of Life Among Women Living With Hiv In Banten Province, Indonesia: A Mixed Methods Study, Dyah Juliastuti, Judith Dean, Yati Afiyanti, Lisa Fitzgerald

Kesmas

Socio-cultural concerns often restrict women's sexual rights and well-being living with HIV (WLHIV) in developing countries. These convergent parallel mixed methods study combined quantitative and qualitative approaches to explore factors influencing WLHIV sexual quality of life in Banten Province, Indonesia. A 2017 cross-sectional survey of 207 reproductive-aged WLHIV was analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression statistics. Furthermore, in-depth interviews with a sub-sample of survey participants (n = 30) were thematically analyzed. Most of the women (60%) involved reported loss of sexual pleasure and depressed sexual life. Meanwhile, 48% affirmed low sexual quality of life which was associated with unemployment …

Attitudes Concerning Sexual Behavior Towards Risky Sexual Behavior Of Sexual Transmitted Infections Among Male Adolescents In Indonesia, Helda Helda, Nurul Muchlisa

Kesmas

There has been an increase of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as HIV/AIDS worldwide, especially in Indonesia. Several studies on adolescent behavior, especially the male as the main predictor, reported increased in STIs’ cases due to risky sexual behavior. This study aimed to show the relationship between attitudes, sexual behavior, and the risks of STIs among male adolescents in Indonesia based on the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data in 2017. This cross-sectional study involved 10,547 male adolescents using the total sampling method according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using a complex sample logistic regression …

Prevalence And Impacts Of Musculoskeletal Pain Among The Elderly Living In The East Coast Region Of Peninsular Malaysia, Muhammad Kamil Che Hasan, Nur Nabila Izzati Asmera, Suliza Sulaiman, Mohd Said Nurumal, Nik Noor Kaussar Nik Mohd Hatta

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Musculoskeletal pain commonly affects the elderly, but the extent of this problem within the Malaysian community remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of musculoskeletal pain among the elderly living in the community.

Methods: Elderly individuals aged 60 years and above with musculoskeletal pain and intact cognition were recruited for this study. Musculoskeletal pain was scored using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, and functional ability was assessed via the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale. Mental wellbeing was evaluated using the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing scale, and risk of falling was determined via …

Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Urinary Incontinence Among Elderly In Pekanbaru, Indonesia, Wulan Sari

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: The proportion of the elderly in Riau Province was 4.8% higher than that (4.2%) in 2011. Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common health problem among the elderly. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors for UI among the elderly (≥60 years).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 public health centers in Pekanbaru City in 2018. A total of 351 elderly meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, obesity, depression, cognitive impairment, smoking status, history of chronic cough, and history of lower abdominal surgery served as the independent …

Effects Of Ectodermal Dysplasia On The Maxilla: A Study Of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography, Beyza Karadede Ünal

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: This study aimed to examine the effects of ectodermal dysplasia (ED) on the transverse width of the maxillary bone.

Methods: The ED group was composed of seven people, while the control group consisted of retrospective cone-beam computed tomography images of seven individuals with skeletal class 1 relationship. Images on the sagittal planes were taken, and cross-sections were taken from the longest point of the Anterior Nasal Spine-Posterior Nasal Spine line. The distance between the distal anterior canine teeth from the right buccal cortical bone to the left buccal cortical bone was measured. At the posterior region, the …

A Cross-Sectional Study On Bullying And Psychological Disturbances Among Malaysian School Children, Muhammad Lokman Md Isa, Nurfatin Aina Mocktar, Wisam Nabeel Ibrahim, Mohd Said Nurumal, Muhammad Kamil Che Hasan

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Bullying is a common violence in school and has become a major public health and global concern. Bullying influences mental health and is identified as a leading factor of depression. Therefore, this study aimed to identify bullying prevalence and its association toward psychological disturbances (stress, anxiety, and depression).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three secondary schools in Kuantan. After obtaining consent from parents/guardians, participants were asked to answer a self-administered questionnaire, including School Climate Bullying Survey, Depression Anxiety Stress Questionnaire-21, Patient Depression Questionnaire, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Demographic data were self-reported. Data were analyzed using …

Controlling Dentistry-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders With Ergonomic Interventions In Lahore, Pakistan, Marriyam Nasar, Farwa Rubab, Hazik Bin Shahzad, Minam Qureshi, Maham Shahid, Pakiza Batool

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) usually result from a prolonged static position and repetitive movements. A comfortable environment, appropriate working position, and multiple short breaks could alleviate MSDs. While the occasional back or neck ache is not a cause for alarm, regularly occurring pain or discomfort, if ignored, may further develop into an injury or career-ending disability.

Methods: A total of 370 dentists were selected from two dental hospitals and multiple dental clinics in Lahore, Pakistan. Current MSDs were recorded with the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ). Information sheets containing dental ergonomics and back and tendon-gliding exercises were distributed among …

Factors Affecting Health-Promoting Lifestyles Among Community Residents At East Gyogone Ward, Insein Township, Rita Meemee, Naw Ohn Khin Khin, Min Htike Aung

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are becoming major challenges for health professionals. Health-promoting lifestyles (HPL) are one of the main criteria for determining health and recognized as the main factor affecting the development of chronic NCDs. This study aimed to determine factors affecting HPL practices among community residents.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Insein Township, Yangon, Myanmar. A total of 194 participants were recruited by using systematic sampling method, and self-administered questionnaires for sociodemographic characteristics and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II were used for data collection. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance were employed …

Determinants Of Postnatal Care Service Utilization In Indonesia: A Secondary Analysis Using The Indonesian Health And Demographics Survey, Haerawati Idris, Willyana Syafriyanti

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: The postnatal complication that occurs in the first week after childbirth is one of the causes of maternal death in Indonesia. However, it can be prevented with postnatal care (PNC). This study aims to analyze the determinants of PNC service utilization in Indonesia.

Methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional study design and used secondary data from the Indonesian Health and Demographics Survey of 2017. The sample consisted of 14,724 women aged 15–49 years. We assessed the predictors of PNC service utilization using multivariate logistic regression models.

Results: About 78.4% of the respondents utilized PNC services. …

Soft Drink Consumption Patterns Of Middle School Students In North Okkalarpa, Moh Moh Thwe, Sein Yaw May, Min Htike Aung

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Urbanization and economic development in Myanmar have brought about culture and dietary transition from a traditional to a westernized diet. The health of the nation, especially the youth, may influence the changing dietary patterns: i.e., the higher the soft drink consumption, the higher the prevalence of soft drink-related diseases.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 middle school students in North Okkalarpa Township, Yangon Region. Data were collected using self-structured questionnaires, and respondents were selected by using simple random sampling method.

Results: In this study, 81.2% of the students consumed soft drink once a …

Mothers’ Nutritional Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, And Practice Of Meal Preparation For School-Age Children In Yangon, Myanmar, Wut Yee Phyo, Ohn Khin Khin, Min Htike Aung

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Childhood malnutrition is a global public health concern. For Myanmar, mothers play a prominent role in improving the nutritional status of children as they prepare meals for children.

Methods: This community-based cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 367 mother-child pairs (6–10 years). Significantly, systematic random sampling and structured questionnaires were utilized in this study.

Results: The mean age of mothers was 35.73 ± 6.9 years, and a majority had fair nutritional knowledge (52.3%), good self-efficacy (79.8%), and good practice of meal preparation (59.4%). The prevalence of childhood malnutrition was categorized as stunting (18.2%), underweight (18.8%), wasting …

Evaluation Of Added Sugar And Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption By University Students, Çağdaş Salih Meric, Nurcan Yabanci Ayhan, Hacı Ömer Yilmaz

Kesmas

Today, increased intake of sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages is seen today as an important factor in the growing prevalence of chronic diseases, such as obesity, obesity-related diabetes, and coronary heart diseases. This study involved 214 university students from the Department of Nutrition and Dietetics of Ankara University, Faculty of Health Science, which was intended to evaluate the consumption of sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages. The frequency of student consumption of beverages and the quantities and amounts of sugar taken with beverages were questioned. The average total amount of sugar added to drinks by the students was 4.69 ± 6.35 gram, while …

Patterns And Determinants Of Open Defecation Among Urban People, Vera Yulyani, Christin Angelina Febriani, Shaharuddin Ms, Dessy Hermawan

Kesmas

At the present time, an estimated of 673 million people defecate in the open space, not in private. Indonesia is a densely populated country with a lot of open defecation (OD) both in urban (37%) and rural areas (43%). Tanjung Karang Pusat Subdistrict is an area in Bandar Lampung City with the highest percentage of OD practice (45%). This study aimed to explore and explain the patterns and determinants of OD among urban people in the Tanjung Karang Pusat Subdistrict in- volving 377 respondents for quantitative analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using the chi square and regression analysis. After controlling …

Determinants Of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices Of Female Healthcare Workers In Jakarta, Indonesia, Siti Rapingah, Nova Muhani, Besral Besral, Poppy Yuniar

Kesmas

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that mothers worldwide exclusively breastfeed their infants for the child's first six months to achieve optimal growth, development, and health. Indonesia had not fulfilled the global standard of breastfeeding rate so that there was low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in East Jakarta, especially for female healthcare workers. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding practices of healthcare workers. This was a quantitative study using a cross-sectional design. The recruited sample consisted of 85 female public health center workers with infants aged 6-24 months. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Logistic …

Junk Food Consumption And Symptoms Of Mental Health Problems: A Meta-Analysis For Public Health Awareness, Muhammad Hafizurrachman, Risky Kusuma Hartono

Kesmas

Junk food consumption increases the risk of having symptoms of mental health problems. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the association between junk food and symptoms of mental health problems. Six researchers, two primary researchers, and four assistant researchers, from October to December 2020 conducted a systematic literature review. The data sources were selected from Pubmed and Science Direct articles published from 2010 to 2020. Those websites were check-marked for text availability for original articles, using keywords for junk foods and mental health. This study had inclusion criteria for selecting and organizing articles using the Preferred Reporting …

Assessment Of Characteristics And Conditions Before The End Of Lockdown, David San-Martín-Roldán, Francisca Rojo-Lazo, Aracelis Calzadilla-Núñez, Pablo San-Martín-Roldán, Patricia Díaz-Calzadilla, Víctor P. Díaz-Narváez

Kesmas

After months of blockades and restriction, the decision of the best time to end the lockdown after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is the big question for health rectors. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and conditions for ending the blockade after the first wave of COVID-19. Data on the variables of interest were subjected to linear and non-linear regression studies to determine the curve that best explains the data. The coefficient of determination, the standard deviation of y in x, and the observed curve of the confidence interval were estimated. Regression which was estimated subsequently revealed …

Analysis Of Measles Vaccination Refusal On Social Media (Facebook) Among Anti-Vaccine Communities In Indonesia, Dwi Meilani, Evi Martha, Hadi Pratomo, Indah Jamiatun Hasanah, Somporn Rungreangkulkij

Kesmas

Measles is one of the main causes of global mortality in the under-fives. The existence of groups that reject immunization caused a decrease in immunization coverage. Anti-vaccine messages are widely delivered on social media. Identification of vaccine rejection behavior can be used as the basis to formulate effective program strategies. The design of this study used rapid assessment procedures (RAP). The informants were from two anti-vaccine communities in the Facebook group. In-depth interviews and observations were done for data collection, and data analysis was performed using the Framework Method. The results found that determinants, such as knowledge, beliefs in health …

Exclusive Breastfeeding History Risk Factor Associated With Stunting Of Children Aged 12–23 Months, Nurhalina Sari, Marlida Yuliza Manjorang, Zakiyah Zakiyah, Madeleine Randell

Kesmas

Stunting (low height-for-age) remains a global and national health problem because it increases the risk of disturbances in growth and development and mortality. Banjar Margo District, Tulang Bawang Regency, has the second-highest prevalence in Lampung Province, Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the association of exclusive breastfeeding history and stunting in children aged 12–23 months in Banjar Margo District. This study used a cross-sectional design on 193 children aged 12–23 months. It was primary data conducted between April and May 2018 with a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The result showed that …

Parity And Marital Status As Factors Influencing Contraceptive Use Among Adolescents In Indonesia, Anni Fithriyatul Mas'udah, Terry Yr Pristya, Sulistyo Andarmoyo

Kesmas

Adolescent pregnancy has a higher health risk compared to adult pregnancy. One approach to control pregnancy among adolescents is through contraceptive use. The data on contraceptive use has increased in 2018 and is still controversial among adolescents. Thus, it is necessary to determine the factors encou - rag ing the use of contraceptives among adolescents. This study aimed to determine the relation of parity and marital status on contraceptive use among adolescents. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design. The population of this study was adolescents aged 15–19 years in Indonesia. The total sample of 936 adolescents was selected from …

Low Knowledge And Unawareness Of The Health Promotion As The Determinant Factors In Non-Compliance To The Mass Drug Administration Program, Nissa Noor Annashr, Icca Stella Amalia, Hoa Thi Phuong Dinh

Kesmas

From the total population of the community in Kuningan District, 78.61% were taking filariasis drugs in the Mass Drug Administration (MDA) program in 2017. Cilimus Subdistrict became a filariasis-endemic area in Kuningan with 72.39% of the MDA program coverage in 2017 (government target >86%). The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinant factors of compliance with the MDA program. The study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design and conducted from May to June 2018. The sample of 106 people was taken from the population living in Cilimus Subdistrict, Kuningan District, using a simple random sampling technique. …

Risk Perception For Developing Erectile Dysfunction Among Malaysian Men With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Anuar Mohamad, Hizlinda Tohid, Saharuddin Ahmad, Seng Fah Tong, Mahadir Ahmad

Kesmas

Risk perception for developing erectile dysfunction (ED) is an appreciation of the susceptibility to having ED and its severity. This study examined this risk perception and its associated factors among 180 men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), who claimed not to have ED. This cross sectional study was conducted at a public health clinic using a validated self-administered questionnaire, which assessed participant characteristics, perceived susceptibility to developing ED, perceived severity of ED, and knowledge on risk factors for ED. About 71.1% had an inaccurate perception of susceptibility to developing ED and their perception on its severity was moderate (median …

The Relationship Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Chronic Kidney Disease In Indonesian Population In 2014-2015 (Data Analysis Of Ifls 5), Tri Damayanti Simanjuntak, Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

The Global Burden of Disease research in 2010 reveal that cases of chronic kidney disease increase and became a serious health problem. Indonesia Basic Health Research data in 2013 reveal that the proportion of patients with chronic kidney failure aged > 15 years old based on doctor’s diagnosis was 0,2% and 0,6% kidney stones. The study aimed to analyze the relationship be tween type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in the population of Indonesia in 2014-2015. This design of research used cross-sectional and secondary data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5. The minimum sample size in this …

Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Waktu Kembalinya Menstruasi Pertama Pasca Persalinan Di Wilayah Rural, Indonesia, Nia Reni Adha, Krisnawati Bantas

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Durasi kembalinya menstruasi pertama di Indonesia dinilai masih sangat cepat. Hal ini berdampak pada peningkatan kehamilan yang tidak direncanakan dan pendeknya jarak lahir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan waktu kembalinya menstruasi pertama pasca persalinan di wilayah rural Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data Survei Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2017 dengan responden sebanyak 1701 ibu berusia 15-49 tahun, yang melahirkan anak terakhir dalam waktu 1 tahun sebelum survei. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi kohort retrospektif dengan analisis survival/ kesintasan, Cox Regression. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan waktu kembali menstruasi pertama pasca persalinan di Indonesia hingga 12 bulan pengamatan …

Hubungan Riwayat Komplikasi Saat Hamil Dengan Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (Bblr) Di Indonesia, Pebrina Manurung, Helda Helda

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Bayi dengan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) berisiko mengalami banyak masalah kesehatan seperti jatuh sakit dalam enam hari pertama kehidupannya atau mengalami infeksi, serta dapat juga menderita masalah jangka panjang seperti perkembangan motorik dan sosial yang tertunda atau ketidakmampuan belajar. WHO memperkirakan BBLR sekitar 15% hingga 20% dari jumlah yang lahir, mewakili tiap tahunnya ada sekitar 20 juta kelahiran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat komplikasi saat hamil dengan kejadian BBLR. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu study cross sectional dengan menganalisis data IFLS tahun 2014. Sebanyak 372 responden diikutkan dalam studi ini. Analisis chi square test untuk …

Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Leptospirosis Di 2 Kabupaten Lokasi Surveilans Sentinel Leptospirosis Provinsi Banten Tahun 2017 – 2019, Novie Ariani, Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Leptospirosis termasuk dalam zoonosis, penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Leptopira. Terjadinya kasus leptopsirosis terkait erat dengan rantai penularan, dan rantai penularan leptospirosis terkait dengan banyak faktor. Faktor risiko leptospirosis dapat diklasifikasikan ke dalam 3 kelompok utama: faktor hewan, faktor lingkungan, dan faktor manusia. Banten yang merupakan daerah endemis Leptospirosis, terpilih untuk menjadi lokasi surveilans Sentinel Leptospirosis, tepatnya berlokasi di Kab, Tangerang dan Kab. Serang. Penelitian tentang leptospirosis masih sangat jarang dilakukan di provinsi Banten, maka dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian leptospirosis di 2 kabupaten lokasi surveilans sentinel leptopspirosis provinsi Banten selama tahun 2017 …

An Assessment Of Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice Of The Kuantan Community On The Effects Of Monosaccharides On Cancer, Muhammad Alif Mazlan, Muhammad Kamil Che Hasan, Afzan Mat Yusof, Muhammad Lokman Md Isa

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Cancer knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) levels of communities are essential to be assessed to enhance cancer educational programs. This study aimed to determine the KAP level of the Kuantan community on the effects of monosaccharides on cancer. The association between the sociodemographic data and KAP level of the community has also been evaluated.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed among residents living in the Kuantan community. Only 303 of 380 responses were included in the data analysis using the chi-square test.

Results: The knowledge and practice levels were moderate, whereas the attitude was at a …

Factors Influencing Health Service Utilization Among The Elderly In Insein Township, Yangon Region, Sandar Min Min Hlaing, Naw Clara, Aye Nanda Han

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: With the increasing needs of the aging population and the increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases, assessment of the equity and accessibility of health care among the elderly has become important.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from December 2018 to December 2019 among 225 elderly to describe the factors influencing health service utilization. Multistage sampling was applied, and structured questionnaire was used to interview the elderly. Chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression were performed in data analysis.

Results: The average age of the respondents was 71.7 ± 8.17 years old, and 68.4% of the respondents …

The Role Of Parents In Providing Sexuality Education To Their Children, Nur Azira Fideyah Binti Abdullah, Siti Mariam Muda, Norhasmah Mohd Zain, Siti Hazariah Abdul Hamid

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Parents have an important role in delivering sexuality education to their children. However, Asian parents are reluctant to discuss sexual matters with their children owing to the sensitivity of the topic and their lack of sexual health knowledge. This study aimed to examine Malaysian parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices in providing sexuality education to their children.

Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was used to conduct this cross-sectional study featuring 200 Malaysian parents. Descriptive and univariate analyses were performed using Statistical Package for Social Study (SPSS) version 23.0.

Results: Among the majority (79.5%) of the parents having good …

Knowledge, Attitudes, And Practices Of Adolescents Regarding Sexuality And Reproductive Issues In The Cordillera Administrative Region Of The Philippines, Eddieson Pasay-An, Judith Odanee G. Magwilang, Petelyne P. Pangket

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: This study investigates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) concerning reproductive health (RH) and sexuality among in- and out-of-school adolescents in the Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR), Philippines.

Methods: Using a quantitative, cross-sectional approach, this study examined 739 in- and out-of-school adolescents who were recruited through snowball and simple random sampling.

Results: Statistically significant differences were noted in the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding sexuality based on age. Age was associated with knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning RH. Educational attainment toward sexuality also caused statistically significant changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices. The KAP regarding sexuality and …