Public Health Education and Promotion Commons^™

Infarct Diameter For Predicting Cognitive Dysfunction In Ischemic Stroke Survivors In West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, Herpan Syafii Harahap, Setyawati Asih Putri, Yanna Indrayana, Hasan Amin, Fransisca Ika Mahardika

Kesmas

Cognitive dysfunction is an important consequence of ischemic stroke, which can progress in the first few years and is primarily determined by clinical factors. This study aimed to investigate the clinical determinants of cognitive dysfunction in stroke survivors in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. This cross-sectional study assessed 255 ischemic stroke survivors with a mean age of 57.1±9.3 years old and 29–79 years old, recruited consecutively in three main hospitals in West Nusa Tenggara Province between March 2019 and October 2021. Categorical data collected included age, sex, education level, clinical determinants of ischemic stroke, and cognitive status of the patients. …

Determinants Of The Coexistence Dual Form Of Malnutrition In Pairs Of Mother And Child Aged 6 – 59 Months In Bogor District 2019, Maulina Dwi Krismanita, Triyanti Triyanti, Ahmad Syafiq, Trini Sudiarti

Kesmas

The dual form of malnutrition (DFM) is defined as multiple nutritional problems in the same household and time. This study aimed to determine the related factor to DFM incidence in pairs of mothers and children aged 6–59 months in Bogor District in 2019. This cross-sectional study used secondary data on the Nutrition and Health of Babakan Madang Subdistrict Toddlers in 2019 and Nutrition Intake and Stunting of Children Under-Five in Bogor District, West Java Province, involving a total sample of 274 households. The dependent variable in this study was DFM, while the independent variables were maternal age during pregnancy, maternal …

Interprofessional Collaborative Practice And Health Workers Retention At Remote Primary Health Care: Case Study From Nusantara Sehat Team-Based Program, Prastuti Soewondo, Retno Pujisubekti, Ade Widyati Prastyani, Nurul Maretia Rahmayanti

Kesmas

The Nusantara Sehat Team (NST), established in 2015 and consist of multi-professional health workers, implemented to provide comprehensive services at remote primary health cares (PHCs) for two years. This study aimed to explore how the NST leverages the Interprofessional Collaboration (IPC) and its impact on the future career prospects of health workers. Using a qualitative approach, the information was gathered from 48 informants drawn from the current 30 NST recruits and 18 alumni through semi-structured interviews. Of these 48, 20 were clinical practitioners, while the rest were non-clinical health workers. The findings revealed several challenges in promoting collaborative practice, including …

The Influence Of Intrapersonal Constraints On Travel Intention Of People At High Risk From Covid-19 During The New Normal, Dyah Widiyastuti, Ikasari Kusuma Wardhani

Kesmas

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, tourism constraints have created a challenge for inclusive tourism, especially for older people and people with comorbidities. This study examined intrapersonal constraints’ effect on the travel intentions of people facing fewer opportunities for tourism due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which could disrupt their well-being fulfillment. The data were collected through an online survey of Jakarta citizens aged 46 years and older from the end of June to September 2021, and a total of 337 responses were accumulated. This study applied partial least square structural equation modeling to test the moderating effect of intrapersonal constraints toward …

Zoom Fatigue During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Is It Real?, Putri Winda Lestari, Adhila Fayasari

Kesmas

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused drastic changes to social lives moreover the activities done outside, such as work and school. The policy of large-scale social restrictions (LSRR)/Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB), which makes people stay at home, also plays an important role in changing the face-to-face activity online. As a solution to the major change, people use video conferencing to keep in touch and still feel like doing "offline" activities. The increasing use of video conferencing has raised concerns about the resulting fatigue, termed "Zoom fatigue." This study aimed to describe Zoom fatigue during the COVID-19 pandemic …

Diabetes Mellitus And Mortality Among Covid-19 Patients In Jakarta, March-August 2020, Endang Widuri Wulandari, Sudarto Rotnoatmodjo, Ngabila Salama

Kesmas

Diabetes mellitus (DM) comorbidity is one of the risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality. This study aimed to determine the association of comorbid DM and mortality among COVID-19 confirmed cases in DKI Jakarta Province, controlled with confounding variables from March to August 2020. The study design was a retrospective cohort using cox proportional hazard regression, with a total sample of 1,480. The data consisted of 740 COVID-19 cases with and 740 without comorbid DM. The inclusion criteria were COVID-19 confirmed cases with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) laboratory testing reported to the DKI Jakarta Provincial Department of Health, and …

Factors Associated With Independent National Health Insurance Ownership Among Reproductive Aged Women In Indonesia, Ika Putri Widiarti, Haerawati Idris

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Indonesia has been aiming toward universal health coverage since 2019, but it has yet to be achieved. The National Health Insurance (NHI) program provides individual services for women of reproductive age who require health care before pregnancy, during pregnancy, and at the time of labor. This study aims to analyze factors associated with independent NHI ownership among women of reproductive age in Indonesia.

Methods: Secondary data from the Wave 5 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) involving 2,084 women of reproductive age were used. The chi-square test and logistic regression test were used for data analysis.

Results: …

The Determinants Of Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance In Sumatra, Cindy Sidarta, Andree Kurniawan, Nata P H Lugito, Jeremia Imanuel Siregar, Veli Sungono, Rivaldo Steven Heriyanto, Novia Lauren Sieto, Devina Adella Halim, Claudia Jodhinata, Saraswati Anindita Rizki, Terry Devita Sinaga, Chintya Marcella, Felix Wijovi, Billy Susanto, Elizabeth Marcella, Johan Wibowo, Jonathan Juniard Anurantha, Michelle Imanuelly, Michele Indrawan, Nadia Khoirunnisa Heryadi

Kesmas

In light of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programs being implemented worldwide, this study aimed to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance survey in Indonesia conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, the National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG), and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), published in November 2020. It was found that Sumatra Island having lower COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates, with Aceh Province displaying the lowest level of vaccine acceptance. Thus, a cross-sectional study was conducted, and a logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting …

Consumption Of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages And Its Potential Health Implications In Indonesia, Ratu Ayu D. Sartika, Atmarita Atmarita, M. I Zulkarnain Duki, Saptawati Bardosono, Lindawati Wibowo, Widjaja Lukito

Kesmas

The broad availability of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in the Indonesian market is increasing consumption. It, combined with escalating incidence and prevalence of diabetes and related non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and the ongoing debate on policies, has called for a comprehensive review as described in this study. Data was compiled from various sources but mainly gathered from the reported or published documents because of no direct access to the necessary data set. The lack of studies that assessed the direct relationship between SSB consumption and health outcomes in the Indonesian context also became a strong reason for the preparation of this review …

Body Image, Quality Of Life, And Their Predicting Factors In Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study, Zeynab Rezaei Fard, Arman Azadi, Yousef Veisani

Kesmas

Pregnancy can influence women’s psychological health, including body image and quality of life. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body image and quality of life and their predicting factors in pregnant women. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 pregnant women referred to health centers in Ilam City, Iran. Participants were selected using a random sampling method. Data collection tools comprised a sociodemographic questionnaire, Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), and quality of life questionnaire (Short Form-12). Data were analyzed using statistical software. The mean ± SD of body image concern and quality of life was estimated at 31.77 …

The Estimation Of Excess Mortality During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Jakarta, Indonesia, Madona Yunita Wijaya

Kesmas

Indonesia is among the countries affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and DKI Jakarta Province recorded the highest number of deaths. This study aimed to analyze the excess mortality across five administrative cities in Jakarta stratified by gender to assess the pandemic impact on mortality. The monthly mortality data from January 2018 to December 2020 was obtained through government sources. This data helped to measure excess mortality by estimating the baseline mortality had the COVID-19 pandemic not occurred. The analysis used a linear mixed model because of its ease and flexibility in forecasting subject-specific mortality. The results showed …

Increased Thyroid Hormone Levels In Pesticide Sprayer At Agricultural Area, Aditya Pawitra, Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah, Mohd Talib Latif, Beni Hari Susanto, Muhammad F D Lusno

Kesmas

Pesticides used massively in the agricultural sector would cause many poisoning and serious health problems. Organophosphate pesticides have been identified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals. This study aimed to compare thyroid hormone levels between the sprayers chronically exposed to pesticides and the control respondents who had never been exposed to pesticides. This study was an analytical observational with a cross-sectional design. The total number of respondents was 150, 50 as sprayers and 100 as control respondents. The venous blood samples were examined using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The findings significantly showed that the sprayer had a higher level of thyroid-stimulating hormone …

The Development Of A Work Stress Model For Air Traffic Controllers In Indonesia, Lalu Muhammad Saleh, Syamsiar Siang Russeng, Istiana Tadjuddin, Iva Hardi Yanti, Nurul Mawaddah Syafitri, Mahfuddin Yusbud, Yulianah Rahmadani

Kesmas

The workload complexity experienced by and expected air traffic controllers (ATCs) causes psychological fatigue, engenders stressful conditions, and affects their quality of life. This study investigated the development of a model of psychological fatigue in ATCs in Indonesia, which affected their work stress levels and quality of life. This cross-sectional, three-month study focused on 185 ATCs randomly selected from six AirNavs based on strata. The results indicated a relationship between work duration (p-value = 0.033) and stress on ATCs; additionally, a relationship between work time and the opportunity to meet personal life needs (p-value = 0.007) were found. Feelings of …

Effectiveness Of Using Information, Education, And Communication Flowchart Media In Implementation Of Early Breastfeeding Initiation, Rizna Notarianti, Sandra Fikawati, Alifani Faiz Faradhila

Kesmas

Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) has many benefits for both the baby and the mother. However, in Bogor City, there are still many babies who do not get EIB when they are born (33.6%). The implementation of EIB is not optimal due to the absence of standard procedures to equalize its theory and perception. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) flowchart media concerning the standard procedure for EIB implementation in the Primary Health Care (PHC) in Bogor City. A quasi-experimental research was conducted on 58 midwives divided into the intervention and control …

A Study On The Impact Of Occupational Fatigue On Human Performance Among Oil And Gas Workers In Indonesia, Achmad Dahlan, Baiduri Widanarko

Kesmas

Occupational fatigue is a serious problem since it may cause several issues, including deteriorating human performance. Some major accidents in the oil and gas industries were associated with the lack of human performance due to occupational fatigue. This study aimed to analyze the impact of occupational fatigue on human performance among oil and gas workers in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional design using a self-administered validated questionnaire to gather information on demographic (gender and age), work characteristics (work rotation, work duration, shift work model, day/night shift, job position), sleep debt, sleep quality, occupational (acute and chronic) fatigue, and at-risk …

Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase Allelic Frequency And Lead Toxicity In Children Under-Five In A Former Used Lead-Acid Battery Area, Yana Irawati, Haryoto Kusnoputranto, Umar Fahmi Achmadi, Ahmad Safrudin, Alfred Sitorus, Rifqi Risandi, Suradi Wangsamuda, Dendi Hadi Permana, Lepa Syahrani, Farahana Kresno Dewayanti, Puji B S Asih, Din Syafruddin

Kesmas

Polymorphisms in the Aminolevulinic Acid Dehydratase (ALAD) gene responsible for the ALAD1 and ALAD2 alleles have been implicated in susceptibility to lead toxicity. This study aimed to determine the allelic frequency of ALAD2 among children living in Bogor District, Indonesia, and its association with blood lead levels (BLLs) and lead toxicity. A cross-sectional study involving 128 children was conducted during September-October 2019 in the former ULAB area in Cinangka Village. The ALAD polymorphism, BLLs, and hematological parameters were evaluated. Blood samples were taken for dried blood spotting on filter paper, blood film, and BLL measurement. The PCR amplification and sequencing …

Public Perception And Obedience With Social Distancing Policies During The Covid-19 Pandemic In Jakarta, Indonesia, Widyamurti Widyamurti, Edwina Bernita Sitorus, Dewi Susanna, Bambang Wispriyono, Aria Kusuma, Renti Mahkota

Kesmas

The Indonesian Government established a social distancing policy to prevent COVID-19 transmission. However, this implementation will be ineffective without the compliance of the people. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between public perception and obedience with social distancing in terms of the variables based on the Health Belief Model. This study used a cross-sectional design with a population of Daerah Khusus Ibukota (DKI) Jakarta’s indigenes within the productive age of 15-64 years. The sample comprised 408 participants, with the independent variables of sociodemographics (age, gender, occupation, and education) and health beliefs (perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy). Meanwhile, …

Association Between Cigarette Smoking And Breast Milk Levels Of Nesfatin-1, Irisin, And Oxidative Stress Markers, Nesibe Yildiz, Adnan Yilmaz, Hatice Iskender, Eda Dokumacioglu

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Breast milk is a very important functional food in the prevention of metabolic and chronic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of smoking during pregnancy on the concentrations of nesfatin-1, irisin, and oxidative stress markers in breast milk.

Methods: This study included two groups of 14 smoking and 14 nonsmoking mothers. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured according to the spectrophotometric method in breast milk samples. Nesfatin and irisin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: Levels of nesfatin-1 and MDA of the smoking group were significantly higher than …

Quality Of Life Of Pharmacy Students With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome In South India: A Cross-Sectional Study, Vinodkumar Mugada, Krishna Priya Mandarapu

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: One in five women in India suffers from polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the quality of life of pharmacy students suffering from PCOS and provide awareness through counseling.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 103 students with PCOS for 6 months. The Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Quality of Life (PCOSQ) questionnaire was used to determine the quality of life.

Results: The prevalence of PCOS in our study was 39.5%. The mean age of the students was 21.1 (±1.8) years. The mean duration of the disorder was 17.8 (±13.0) months. More …

Perceived Preparedness Of Healthcare Workers To Cope With Covid-19 Pandemic In Hail Region Hospitals, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Farhan Alshammari, Evalynn Rondilla, Abdalkarem Asharari, Fahad Alshammari

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: All hospitals must have emergency plans because they play a crucial role in providing critical care. This study assesses the perceived hospital preparedness of healthcare workforces to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic regarding their demographic characteristics.

Methods: This study utilized a descriptive, cross-sectional design to investigate the preparedness of hospital and healthcare workers in the city of Hail, Saudi Arabia. A convenience and snowball sampling method was used. A total of 330 healthcare workers participated in the study, which utilized a Google Form survey and was adapted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Descriptive …

Parental Differences In Knowledge, Perception, And Safety Behaviors Regarding Home Injuries In An Urban Malaysian District, Munirah Mohd Basar, Mohd Fairuz Ali, Aznida Abdul Aziz

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Parents play an essential role in the prevention of home-related injuries among children. Traditionally, mothers provided direct overall care, whereas evidence on fathers' roles in children’s injuries is limited. This study assesses the differences between parents of children attending kindergarten regarding their knowledge and perception of home injuries and safety behaviors.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to April 2018 in 10 private kindergartens in the Selangor district in Malaysia. Self-administered questionnaires on sociodemographic data, knowledge of home injuries, perceptions toward home injuries, and safety behaviors at home were distributed. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were …

Trends And Determinants Of Family Planning Utilization Among Men In Indonesia, Haerawati Idris, Willyana Syafriyanti

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Population growth rate in the world is still increasing. To control population growth, governments issue family planning programs for married women and men. However, contraception use is still dominated by women. This study aims to analyze the trends and determinants of family planning utilization among men in Indonesia.

Methods: This study is quantitative in nature with a cross-sectional design, using secondary data from the Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (2007–2017). The sample comprised married men with a total of 27,859 respondents. For the final analysis, we conducted logistic regression statistical tests to determine family planning utilization among men. …

Hubungan Antara Riwayat Kunjungan Antenatal Care (Anc) Dengan Kejadian Lahir Mati Di Indonesia, Lila Kesuma Hairani, Asri Adisasmita Prof

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Pada tahun 2015, sebanyak 65% dari total kelahiran mati diseluruh dunia disumbang oleh sepuluh negara dengan jumlah kelahiran mati terbanyak. Indonesia menempati posisi ke-8 dengan total sebanyak 73.400 kejadian dengan angka lahir mati (stillbirth rate/SBR) sebesar 13 per 1.000 kelahiran. Rendahnya cakupan layanan antenatal diduga berhubungan secara kuatdengan rendahnya lahir mati antepartum. Studi ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk melihat hubungan riwayat kunjungan antenatal (antenatal care/ANC) dengan kejadian lahir mati diIndonesia menggunakan data sekunder yang bersumber dari IFLS 5 tahun 2014. Desain penelitian ini berupa studi potonglintang dengan total sampel yang digunakan adalah sebesar 6.314 kelahiran. Analisis data dilakukan hingga tingkat …

Gambaran Epidemiologi Hepatitis A Berdasarkan Data Kejadian Luar Biasa Dan Data Kasus Di Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2019, Nurjannah Nurjannah, Asri Adisasmita Prof

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Kejadian luar biasa (KLB) Hepatitis A Kabupaten Bogor terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Pada tahun 2018 terdapat 29 kasusdan pada tahun 2019 meningkat hingga 495 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan epidemiologi berdasarkan orang, tempat, waktu. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar upaya intevensi yang lebih optimaldan tepat sasaran. Data penelitian diambil dari laporan KLB dandari data kasus Hepatitis A di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Bogor dari Januari-Desember 2019 dan didokumentasikan ke dalam tabel observasi, pengambilan data dilakukan pada Bulan Februari2020 dengan desain penelitian case series. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dari 495 kasus yang mengalami gejala klinis,11,3% terkonfimasi positif, sebagian …

Hubungan Faktor Pejamu Dan Lingkungan Dengan Pneumonia Balita Di 5 Provinsi Di Pulau Sulawesi, Alfi Lailiyah, Nuning Maria Kiptiyah

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Pneumonia merupakan penyakit menular yang menginfeksi paru-paru. Period prevalence pneumonia balita di 5 provinsi di Sulawesi lebih tinggi dibanding angka nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pneumonia balita di 5 Provinsi di Pulau Sulawesi. Data penelitian ini bersumber dari Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2012. Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan uji chi-square dan hasil ukur prevalence ratio (PR). Variabel pada penelitian ini adalah faktor pejamu (umur balita, jenis kelamin, berat badan lahir, pemberian vitamin A, status imunisasi campak dan DPT) dan faktor lingkungan (pendidikan ibu, tempat tinggal, bahan bakar memasak, keberadaan …

Hubungan Status Gizi Dengan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas 1-3 Sekolah Dasar, Muhammad Hidayat Sahid, Asri Adisasmita Prof, Ratna Djuwita

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Status gizi merupakan ukuran keberhasilan dalam pemenuhan nutrisi anak yang diukur berdasarkan berat badan dan tinggi badan anak. Data status gizi pada anak usia umur 5-12 tahun di DKI Jakarta menunjukkan underweight 14,0%, stunting 22,7%, wasting 9,9%, dan overweight 6,8%. Data secara spesifik untuk wilayah Jakarta Selatan adalah underweight 7,4%, stunting 17,8%, wasting 6,3%, dan overweight 7,3%. Dari data tersebut didapatkan gambaran mengenai permasalahan gizi yang terjadi di DKI Jakarta. Permasalahan gizi memiliki dampak pada tumbuh kembang anak. Gizi merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang berpengaruh terhadap prestasi akademik siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi …

Hubungan Hipertensi Dengan Mortalitas Pasien Covid-19 Di Tangerang Selatan, Choirunnisa Choirunnisa, Helda Helda

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Covid-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2). Usia tua (>65 tahun), jenis kelamin laki-laki, hipertensi, penyakit kardiovaskular, diabetes, PPOK dan kanker dapat meningkatkan risiko kematian akibat Covid-19. Kota Tangerang Selatan berpotensi mengalami kenaikan kasus Covid-19 karena berbatasan langsung dengan DKI Jakarta yang merupakan episentrum persebaran Covid-19, sehingga peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian ini. Desain penelitian ini adalah studi analitik kasus kontrol menggunakan data sekunder dari penelusuran epidemiologi (PE) Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tangerang Selatan bulan Maret 2020-Juli 2021. Data PE diperoleh dari portal New All Record (NAR) yang memuat data pasien Covid-19 termasuk …

The Indonesian Strategy To Achieve Universal Health Coverage Through National Health Insurance System: Challenges In Human Resources, Atikah Adyas

Kesmas

Many countries are currently trying to achieve universal health insurance coverage in order to provide health protection for their population. Indonesia has received a strong political commitment to implement national health insurance including government support to finance the poor. The implementation of comprehensive national health insurance requires human resources, each of which has a role in fighting for noble goals for the welfare of all people. This paper is taken from the experience of Indonesia and several other countries as well as guidelines that can be used in exploring the role of human resources for the success of the implementation …

Mental Fatigue And Its Associated Factors Among Coal Mining Workers After One Year Of The Covid-19 Pandemic In Indonesia, Hendra Djamalus, Budi Utomo, I Made Djaja, Sjahrul M. Nasri

Kesmas

Mental fatigue among coal mining operators was related to driving activities that require high concentration. This study aimed to determine factors that contributed to mental fatigue among coal mine operators in Indonesia, specifically in Kalimantan and Sumatra, after a one-year COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 operators from two companies and seven sites. A self-administrated questionnaire in the Google Form was used to measure mental fatigue, the non-work-related factors (age, education, marital status, residence, and stress level), and work-related factors (working periods, shift pattern, type of shift, and work area in mining). The data analyzed using Chi-square …

Integrated Model Of A Family Approach And Local Support In Tuberculosis Case Finding Efforts In People With Hiv/Aids, Erni Astutik, Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni, Imelda F E Manurung, Geofrey Ssekalembe

Kesmas

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major global public health problem. People with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are more susceptible to opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis (TB). Therefore, families and community leaders need to help monitor people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study aimed to analyze an integrated family approach and local support model to detect TB cases in PLWHA. This study used a case-control study in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province, in July 2020. The sample comprised 100 people (50 PLWHA with TB case and 50 controls) using total sampling and random sampling, respectively. The variables …