Investigation Of Orthohantavirus Genetics In Rodent Reservoirs And Clinical Samples, Samuel Melvin Goodfellow

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Orthohantaviruses are negative-sense, single stranded RNA viruses with trisegmented genomes that can cause severe disease in humans and are carried by several host reservoirs throughout the world. In the United States, Sin Nombre orthohantavirus (SNV) is the primary cause of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) with a fatality rate of ~36% and the highest cases occuring in the southwest region. The primary SNV host reservoir is thought to be the western deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, however it has been shown that other rodents can carry different orthohantaviruses. We designed a pan-orthohantavirus detection tool to survey several small mammal populations throughout New …

Effectiveness Of Amiodarone, Propafenone And Synchronized Electrical Cardioversion For Conversion Of Atrial Fibrillation Paroxysm To Sinus Rhythm In Rigas Stradins University Hospital Department Of Emergency Medicine., Mihails Tracevskis

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Abstract

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation remains a pervasive global health concern, contributing significantly to the incidence of stroke, heart failure, sudden death, and overall cardiovascular morbidity.

Materials and methods: The present study undertook a retrospective analysis involving a meticulous examination of 127 patients, representing a diverse cohort of individuals encompassing 73 men (with a median age of 62 and a range of 37-75) and 54 women (with a median age of 60 and a range of 42-78) duration of atrial fibrillation 48 hours or less.

Results: The results highlighted amiodarone's remarkable efficiency, as it successfully converted 81.2% of cases (56 …

Building A Community-Academic Partnership To Improve Underrepresented Group Awareness Of Parkinson’S Disease And Research, Danielle N. Larson, Jennifer Adrissi, Madison Lyleroehr, Emily Zivin, Karen Williams, Tanya Simuni

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

BACKGROUND: Members of underrepresented groups (URGs) are more likely to have delays in PD diagnosis and less likely to receive specialized care when compared to non-Hispanic Caucasians. URGs are not proportionately represented in PD clinical research. Barriers to optimal diagnosis and treatment and research participation are multifaceted but include insufficient community knowledge of PD and research.

OBJECTIVES: To establish a community-academic partnership (CAP) for increasing knowledge of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) and research opportunities in underrepresented Chicago communities. Here, we describe the development, structure, and outcomes of this pilot program.

METHODS: The Chicago Movement Coalition (CMC) was established with academic leaders …

A Review On Anatomical And Surgical Importance Of Mammary Gland, Sneha Jm Sneha Jm Dr, Pushpa Nb Dr, Vidya Cs Dr, Manjappa M Dr

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

ABSTRACT

The mammary gland is an exocrine gland present in female mammals responsible for the production and secretion of milk during the process of lactation. It is mainly composed by epithelial cells and adipocytes. The features that make mammary gland unique are 1) its highly plastic properties displayed during pregnancy, lactation and involution (all steps belonging to the lactation cycle) and 2) its requirement to grow in close association with adipocytes which are absolutely necessary to ensure mammary gland development at puberty and remodelling during the lactation cycle. (Georgia colleluori, Jessica perugini, Giorgio barbatelli, and saverio cintr (2021).

Conclusion

The …

Encouraging Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Uptake: A Healthcare Improvement Project, Lauren E. Woll

Dissertations

Abstract

Problem: Human papillomaviruses are the causative agents of >95% of cervical cancers, most oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers, yet the vaccination status of the population remains critically low despite Gardasil9 offering robust protection against HPV-related disease.

Methods: This quality improvement project utilized a descriptive, observational design to assess the effect of the HPV Encouragement Bundle, a two-step intervention to improve HPV vaccine uptake. Quantitative data was collected via retrospective chart review to assess the effect of the intervention on first-dose administration of Gardasil9 (series initiation), as well as overall Gardasil9 vaccine uptake.

Results: Following implementation, Gardasil9 first dose uptake increased …

A Nurse-Led Telehealth Program For Diabetes Foot Care: Feasibility And Usability Study, Hsiao-Hui Ju, Rashmi Momin, Stanley Cron, Jed Jularbal, Jeffery Alford, Constance Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus can lead to severe and debilitating foot complications, such as infections, ulcerations, and amputations. Despite substantial progress in diabetes care, foot disease remains a major challenge in managing this chronic condition that causes serious health complications worldwide.

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to examine the feasibility and usability of a telehealth program focused on preventive diabetes foot care. A secondary aim was to descriptively measure self-reported changes in diabetes knowledge, self-care, and foot care behaviors before and after participating in the program.

METHODS: The study used a single-arm, pre-post design in 2 large family …

Unilateral Agenesis Of Adnexa, Srinidhi Govindarajan, Poornima M Associate Professor, Rashmi H.S., Aishwarya Bhat

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.

Epidemiology Of Island And Mainland Populations: How Does Culture Influence Health Risk Factors Of Non-Communicable, Chronic, And Metabolic Diseases?, Jake Thomas D. Palisoc

Honors Projects

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including chronic and metabolic diseases, are responsible for 74% of global mortality and are strongly influenced by health risk factors. Geographical differences in NCDs have been identified in several countries but have not been completely explained through cultural factors, specifically island and mainland cultures. This study aimed to develop an epidemiological framework for determining diseases with the highest mortality for further investigation regarding different health risk factors rooted in a specific population’s cultural foundations. Preliminary findings indicated diabetes type II (D2) and CKD caused by hypertension and D2 to have the highest risk factor and mortality percentage …

Translating A Pediatric Weight Management Intervention Into Medically Underserved Areas, Caitlin Golden

Theses & Dissertations

Despite substantial prevention and treatment efforts, childhood obesity remains a pressing public health concern. Disparities persist in obesity prevalence among children of lower socioeconomic status, racial and ethnic minority groups, and those residing in rural areas. The vast majority of efficacious pediatric weight management interventions (PWMIs) have been based in larger cities and urban areas delivered through inter-disciplinary teams in a hospital or medical center, and the degree to which these or other efficacious PWMIs have been translated to, and are feasible in, typical rural or micropolitan areas is unclear. This dissertation describes a dissemination strategy and a systematic approach …

What More Can Be Done? Childhood Obesity In Glassboro, Nj, N. Mirmanesh, Seth Spicer, Stephen Acheampong, Mary K. Duggan

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern in the United States, with an estimated 20% of American children being obese. In New Jersey (NJ), 9% of high school students are obese, and there are disparities in obesity rates based on gender, sexual identity, and race/ethnicity. In Gloucester County, NJ, limited data is available on childhood obesity rates, but 36.4% of adults are obese, and lower SES is related to higher rates of obesity in youth. To address this issue, this research poster proposes a partnership with the Boys and Girls Club of Glassboro to provide nutritional resources and create …

Barriers To Colorectal Cancer Screening For Low-Income Hispanic Men In Urban Areas Between 50-75, Alex Vega

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Although CRC screening rates have improved in non-Hispanic whites (NHW), Hispanic adult males (HAM) aged 50-75 in urban areas continue to experience low screening rates and higher CRC morbidity and mortality. This review aims to identify the barriers to CRC screening among HAM and propose targeted interventions to increase screening rates. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Key search terms included "colorectal cancer", "screening", "Hispanic adult males", "urban", "barriers", and "interventions". Factors identified include poverty, language …

Food Insecurity And Dietary Restrictions, Courtney Williams, Savana Rodriguez, Tiffany Guerrero, Stephen Acheampong, Vanesa Pizutelli

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

According to the USDA Food Insecurity affects around 10.2 percent of the US population as of 2021. For families that have members with certain dietary restriction such as, but not limited to diabetes, hypertension, gluten intolerance, lactose intolerance, and food allergies, the challenge of securing food becomes an even greater burden with having to navigate food banks or discount stores that may not offer food items that meet their dietary requirements. Families with dietary restrictions often face greater food insecurity and less access to food. More research is needed to understand the challenges families with dietary restrictions face regarding food …

Clinical Practice Workflow Implementation For The Improvement Of Diabetic Metric Compliance, Sugosh Anur, Sohil Khanna, Alison Mancuso, Alexander Kowalski

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Recent guidance suggests the management of screen-detected diabetes can be optimized using multifactorial interventions to improve overall disease burden, patient outcomes, and cost-savings. We explored preventive diabetic care and implemented interventions to increase recommended testing compliance among patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. This study employed a multi-faceted approach beginning with the distribution of surveys to patients in the Stratford Family Medicine Office in order to gauge their health literacy level pertaining to Diabetes management. Patient electronic medical records were evaluated to determine baseline levels for all laboratory values. Data analysis was completed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences …

Factors That Influence The Decision To Get Vaccinated Against Covid-19, Rhea Bhargava, Meghan H. Foos, Brandy M. Gotti, Alexandra L. Mulvenna, Taylor O. Smith, Danielle Cooley, Venkateswar Venkataman

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and the launch of the vaccine, healthcare workers have been encouraging people to get vaccinated to prevent the spread of the virus. However, there is a significant number of people who are vaccine hesitant, or uncertain about receiving the COVID-19 vaccine and its booster. Vaccine hesitancy represents a state of opportunity to make positive change; therefore, it is crucial for healthcare workers to identify those who are in this population. When factors contributing to the vaccine hesitancy, including gender, age, ethnicity, education level, and income were studied, it was found that women, those …

Amenorrhea And Stress Fractures In Female New Jersey Division Iii Collegiate Runners: An Opportunity For Increased Health Education, Emily Forester, Tara Pellegrino

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Background: In the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), 9.1% of the injuries reported by Women’s cross country athletes between 2014-2019 were fractures. Although excessive exercise is a major contributor to the development of amenorrhea, there are currently no studies on the association between amenorrhea and stress fractures in NJ NCAA Division III Women’s cross country or track athletes. This study aims to determine if there is an association between incidence of amenorrhea and subsequent occurrence of stress fractures among this population.

Methods: This is a survey based study. Participants must be female athletes over the age of 18 who currently …

Effect Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Hpv Vaccination Rates, Jennifer Sepede, Kathy Chen

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection that potentiates cancer in both males and females. There are over 200 different types of HPV and while some strains, specifically HPV 6 and 11, may result in genital and skin warts, others remain clinically silent. High risk strains, HPV 16 and 18, are most associated with cervical cancer in women. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was widespread hesitancy and rejection towards vaccination. Similarly, the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine has also been met with distrust since it’s release. Studies have shown that there is a low vaccination rate due to …

Barriers To Dermatological Care In Patients Who Received Extensive Mohs Surgery - An In-Depth Qualitative Analysis, Stuti Prajapati, Mallory Zaino, Christina Kontzias, Laura Doerfler, Steven R. Feldman

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Background: Dermatological care needs to be accessible for the elderly, but they face prominent challenges contributing to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Prolonged management of may lead to widespread cutaneous malignancies, necessitating extensive Mohs surgery.

Objective: To identify areas for early intervention in the geriatric population who have undergone extensive Mohs surgery.

Methods: We performed a qualitative study on 10 patients 65 years and older (68-91) from Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist dermatology clinics between December 2022 and February 2023, who had extensive Mohs surgery (3 or more layers removed).

Results: Three major areas for potential intervention for cutaneous carcinoma …

The Effects Of Obesity And Diabetes On The Pediatric Population, Keyur Patel, Vrushank Shah, Zachary Harris, Kanad Mukherjee

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The World Health Organization has declared diabetes (DM) and Obesity to be epidemics due to their rising prevalence. Obesity plays a role in the aetiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, the most common type of diabetes in the world, as well as the development of its complications. Obesity and overweight play a growing role in type 1 diabetes. Weight gain is often thought of as a side effect of insulin therapy, but it also has a significant pathophysiological impact at different stages of the disease. (1) In the United States and other nations across the world, childhood obesity has become a …

Case Report And Review: Promethazine ("Purple Drank") Abuse, Riya Tandra, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

A 23 year old female was brought to the Emergency Department by EMS for confusion and aggressive behavior. The friends told EMS that the patient had been ingesting "purple drank" and that she had told her friends that she made the concoction with promethazine and opiate cough syrup with some vodka added. She mixed it in a carbonated soda. “Purple Drank” or “Lean” is a combination of codeine promethazine hydrochloride and soda or alcohol that has frequently been misused since the 1990s. This paper aims to highlight the recent resurgence of promethazine abuse occurring in the United States as well …

Case Report: Facial Mask-Induced Acne ("Maskne"), Gabriel Meister, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

A 42 year old male health care worker presented with complaints of severe mask related acne vulgaris predominately to the cheeks, chin and nose Here we present the case of a N95 and surgical facial mask use has been a requirement for many occupations during the Covid-19 pandemic. Patient states their current position requires use of an N95 respirator to be worn throughout their shift which can range from 9-14 hours, 6 days per week. Extended daily use of such masks may lead to changes in the skin which can induce irritation and precipitate infection.

Human Airway Mucociliary Tissue Cultures Chronically Exposed To E-Cigarette Vapors Exhibit Altered Cell Populations And Increased Secretion Of Immunomodulatory Cytokines, Vanessa Pizutelli, Vincent Manna, Shannon Dwyer, Salvatore Caradonna

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Vape-pens or electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are handheld battery powered devices that use a vape-liquid to produce a vapor that is inhaled by the user. The active ingredients in commercial vape-liquids are commonly nicotine, tetrahydrocannabinol or cannabidiol. A consequence of the rise in e-cigarette usage was the 2019 emergence of a vaping-induced respiratory disease denoted ‘e-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury’ (EVALI). One of the suspected causes of EVALI is Vitamin E Acetate (VEA), which was found to be a diluent in certain illicit tetrahydrocannabinol vape-pens, whereas nicotine is commonly diluted in equal parts propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin (PG:VG). The …

The Effect Of Socioeconomic Status On Primary Care Access And Cancer Screening Rates, Seth Spicer, Liam Courtney, Alyssa Laguerta, Abdul Sanni-Adam, Bharathi Balaji

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Background: Low cancer screening rates among specific demographics are major health issues that lead to disparities in health outcomes. Early cancer detection is crucial for cure; however, it is not well known how age, race, gender, primary care access, and socio-economic status affect cancer screening rates. This review discusses the importance of cancer screening and the factors that affect screening rates.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate how access to primary care affects cancer screening rates, with consideration to age, race, socioeconomic status, and primary care access in order to improve screening rates in underserved populations.

Methods: …

Exploring Risk Factors For Major Depressive Disorder For Female Patients Aged 18 Or Older Living In Ocean County, New Jersey, James Mack

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Background: The incidence and prevalence of major depressive disorder has been increasing worldwide, in the United States of America, and on a local level. The population of Ocean County, New Jersey, a predominantly Caucasian, female, middle-aged population, may be at increased risk of developing major depressive disorder.

Purpose: To explore the social determinants of health and risk factors for major depressive disorder for female patients aged 18 or older living in Ocean County, New Jersey.

Methods: This literature review mainly used PubMed and Scopus for journal articles and utilized governmental databases for additional population data.

Results: Analyses conducted on social …

Perspectives Of People With Cancer Or Hereditary Cancer Risk On The Use And Value Of Online Peer Support, Jill Holdren, Karl Surkan, Andrea Downing

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: People with cancer routinely seek information and support in peer groups online. While peer communities constitute a major component of the health care landscape, they exist in isolation from clinical and research institutions. This study aimed to explore how and why cancer patients utilize online peer support groups and how they might be improved.

Methods: A convenience sample of members of 6 closed Facebook cancer peer support groups (n = 291) participated in an online needs assessment survey. We further conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 members and 6 moderator-patients, hand-coding the free-text responses and interview transcripts.

Results: Group …

Attitudes Toward Personal Health Data Sharing Among People Living With Sickle Cell Disorder, Exemplar For Study Of Rare Disease Populations, Rebecca Baines, Sebastian Stevens, Zainab Garba-Sani, Arunangsu Chatterjee, Daniela Austin, Simon Leigh

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Rare conditions are often poorly understood, creating barriers in determining the value treatments can provide. This study explored barriers and facilitators to personal health data sharing among those with one particular group of rare hematologic disorders, ie, sickle cell disorder (SCD) and its variants.

Methods: A single online focus group among those > 18 years of age and living with SCD was conducted. Participants (N = 25) were recruited through a United Kingdom-based SCD charity. Discussions were transcribed verbatim, with data therein analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results: Five primary motivators for sharing health data were identified: improving awareness; knowing …

Association Of Physical Activity And Screen Time Usage Of Adolescents In Rural Areas Of Mysore., Aakash Pavan Kumar, Nayanabai Shabadi, Bikram Sinha Roy, Anchu R. Nath, Arun Gopi

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Introduction:

In these changing times there have been increased usage of screen device due to more accessibility to both device and the internet and a greater number of children are having reduced physical activity. The purpose of the current study was to determine if screen usage among adolescents (11-17yrs) who live in supportive environments is associated with decreased levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity.

Methods & materials:

A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two rural schools of Mysore, Karnataka in February 2023, in 176 students between the age group of 11 – 17yrs. Physical activity and screen …

A Case Of Galeazzi Fracture Subluxation Of Left Forearm In Paediatric Age Group, Sauparna Dey

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

A case report of a rare form of fracture- Galeazzi fracture subluxation in paediatric age group. Showing post operative progress of the patient, with a discussion on possible methodology of approaching such fractures. Correct management of the fracture is essential for proper healing and avoiding complications.

A Case Of Obstructed Left Diaphragmatic Hernia, Shikha Agarwal Dr.

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Diaphragmatic hernia is protrusion of abdominal viscera into the chest cavity. Most commonly seen due to congenital defects in the diaphragm, hence causing herniation of abdominal contents including stomach, bowel, pancreas, omentum. Acquired diaphragmatic hernia can be secondary to injury to diaphragm. Patient presents with respiratory distress, due to reduced lung expansion. Early correlation with radiological scans is required for appropriate timely management, to prevent further deterioration of condition.

Factors Influencing The Use Of Multiple Hiv Prevention Services Among Transport Workers In A City In Southwestern Uganda, Benjamin Betunga, Phionah Atuhaire, Catherine Nakasiita, Christa Kanyamuneza, Proscovia Namiiro, Joseph Tugume, Matovu Hairat, Ahmed Sarki, Benedicto Mugabi, Birungi Lilian, Richard Mugisha Richard Mugisha, Edward Kumakech, John Baptist Asiimwe

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

The use of multiple HIV prevention services has been found to decrease the risk of acquiring HIV when tailored to individuals at risk of HIV exposure, including transport workers. Therefore, we assessed the uptake of multiple HIV prevention services (≥2) and associated factors among transport workers in a city in Southwestern Uganda. This cross-sectional study comprised motorcycle taxi riders, motor vehicle and truck drivers, aged 18 to 55 years who were selected and responded to an interviewer-administered questionnaire, between November 2021 and February 2022. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistical and modified Poisson regression analyses. Out of 420 participants, 97.6% …

Efficacy Of Osteoporosis Education In Rural Populations, Mindy Cook, Jaden Arnold, Hannah Berhow, Rebekah Hans, Bivash Neupane, Alizon Pachas, Andrea Pham, Holly Radke, Mitchell Rush, Emily Schwartz, Hunter Stutz, Darell Schmick, David Sant Phd, Erika Noonan Md

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.