Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene Commons^™

Get A Grip: Analysis Of Muscle Activity And Perceived Comfort In Using Stylus Grips, Evanda Vanease Henry

Theses

The design of handwriting instruments has been based primarily on touch, feel, aesthetics, and muscle exertion. Previous studies make it clear that different pen characteristics have to be considered along with hand-instrument interaction in the design of writing instruments. This should include pens designed for touch screens and computer based writing surfaces. Hence, this study focuses primarily on evaluating grip style’s impact on user comfort and muscle activity associated with handgrip while using a stylus-pen.

Surface EMG measures were taken approximate to the adductor pollicis, flexor digitorum, and extensor indicis of eight participants while they performed writing, drawing, and point-and-click …

Évaluation D’Un Système De Corde D’Assurance Horizontale, De Connecteurs D’Ancrage Et De Fermes Contreventées Comme Structure D’Accueil Lors De La Pose De Toitures Résidentielles, André Lan, Bertrand Galy

Rapports de recherche scientifique

La pose de fermes de toit présente particulièrement des risques et des dangers de chute pour les travailleurs de la construction parce qu’elle se fait en hauteur et dans des conditions difficiles. Les travailleurs, en équilibre précaire sur la charpente, risquent de perdre l’équilibre et/ou de chuter lors de la pose des fermes. Pour protéger ses travailleurs contre les chutes de hauteur lors de la pose de fermes, de contreplaqués et de bardeaux, un entrepreneur de construction domiciliaire a récemment développé un système de corde d’assurance horizontale (SCAH) constitué de deux potelets en aluminium et d’un câble en acier en …

Vers L’Amélioration Des Services Et Des Soins Palliatifs De Fin De Vie : Adapter Et Implanter Des Programmes De Soutien En Milieu De Travail Et Évaluer Leur Effet Sur La Satisfaction, Le Sens Au Travail Et Le Bien-Être Des Infirmières (Satin Ii), Lise Fillion, Manon Truchon, Michel L’Heureux, Lyse Langlois, Jean-François Desbiens, Céline Gélinas, Mélanie Vachon, Diane Tapp, Michèle Aubin, Sébastien Simard, Lise Tremblay, Pierre Gagnon, Serge Dumont, Geneviève Roch, Richard Bradet, Sandy Lavoie, Marie-Anik Robitaille, Anne-Marie Veillette

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Ce rapport de recherche est rédigé à un moment clé de l’organisation des soins palliatifs (SP) et des soins de fin de vie (SFV) au Québec. Avec le vieillissement de la population et l’ampleur des maladies chroniques, l’intégration d’une approche palliative aux services de santé est une nécessité. Pour le moment, l’accès à des SP et des SFV intégrés à l’ensemble des services de santé demeure restreint. Au Québec, les SFV sont incorporés aux soins curatifs et on retrouve peu d’unités de SP spécialisés. Selon ce choix organisationnel, les infirmières et les cliniciens vivent un contexte de travail particulier, car …

Implementation Science To Accelerate Clean Cooking For Public Health., Joshua Rosenthal, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Nigel Bruce, David Chambers, Jay Graham, Darby Jack, Lydia Kline, Omar Masera, Sumi Mehta, Ilse Ruiz Mercado, Gila Neta, Subhrendu Pattanayak, Elisa Puzzolo, Helen Petach, Antonello Punturieri, Adolfo Rubinstein, Michael Sage, Rachel Sturke, Anita Shankar, Kenny Sherr, Kirk Smith, Gautam Yadama

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Clean cooking has emerged as a major concern for global health and development because of the enormous burden of disease caused by traditional cookstoves and fires. The World Health Organization has developed new indoor air quality guidelines that few homes will be able to achieve without replacing traditional methods with modern clean cooking technologies, including fuels and stoves. However, decades of experience with improved stove programs indicate that the challenge of modernizing cooking in impoverished communities includes a complex, multi-sectoral set of problems that require implementation research. The National Institutes of Health, in partnership with several government agencies and the …

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Related To Shift Work Among Korean Workers Aged From 30 To 49 Years, Su Jung Choi, Yeon Sook Kim, Eunok Park

Nursing Faculty Publications

This study was to compare health behaviors between day workers (DW ) and shift workers (SW), and to investigate the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among 30-49 years Korean workers. SW showed higher prevalence of smoking than DW. The proportion of adequate sleep was lower in SW than in DW. DW showed high.er prevalence of impaired fasting glucose, however, there were no significant differences in hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and metabolic syndrome between DW and SW. Further research is recommended to include mediating factors such as organizational culture or working time, etc., for scrutinizing the association between work type and CVD …

The Social Income Inequality, Social Integration And Health Status Of Internal Migrants In China, Yanwei Lin, Qi Zhang, Wen Chen, Li Ling

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background: To examine the interaction between social income inequality, social integration, and health status among internal migrants (IMs) who migrate between regions in China.

Methods: We used the data from the 2014 Internal Migrant Dynamic Monitoring Survey in China, which sampled 15,999 IMs in eight cities in China. The Gini coefficient at the city level was calculated to measure social income inequality and was categorized into low (0.2 < Gini <= 0.3), medium (0.3 < Gini <= 0.4), high (0.4 < x < = 0.5), and very high (Gini > 0.5). Health status was measured based upon self-reported health, subjective well-being, and perceptions of stress and mental health. Social integration was measured from four perspectives (acculturation and integration willingness, social insurance, economy, …

Assessment Of Current Occupational Safety And Health Regulations And Legislation In The Caribbean, Muge Akpinar-Elci, Myngoc Nguyen, Marvin Randall, Satesh Bidaisee, Omur Elci, Olaniyi Olayinka

Center for Global Health Publications

Neglecting occupational safety and health (OSH) can have adverse and even deadly consequences. While OSH is important in any nation, the issue is particularly concerning in developing countries, including ones in the Caribbean. The purpose of this study, which was carried out in 2012 and 2013, was to examine the reasons for an apparent fundamental lack of awareness of OSH in the Caribbean. We conducted a descriptive study, in which a questionnaire was administered, via telephone, to key policy-making representatives from six English-speaking Caribbean nations, in order to assess the current OSH environment in their countries. We also did a …

Stress: Effects And Management, Breanna Buscher

Nebraska College Preparatory Academy: Senior Capstone Projects

Stress is how the body reacts to any change in a person's life, as well as how it reacts in life or death situations. It is important everyone knows how to manage stress and what will happen if they do not. While there are an abundance of terrifying things that can happen when stress goes unmanaged, there are also plenty of easy ways everyone can keep their stress in check.

Stress can feel overwhelming and often cause health problems if gone unmanaged but luckily there are a plethora of ways to manage it.

Future Research: I would like to research …

Clinical And Mucosal Immune Correlates Of Hiv-1 Semen Levels In Antiretroviral-Naive Men., Brendan J W Osborne, Angie K Marsh, Sanja Huibner, Kamnoosh Shahabi, Cindy Liu, Tania Contente, Nico J D Nagelkerke, Colin Kovacs, Erika Benko, Lance Price, Kelly S Macdonald, Rupert Kaul

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Background.

This study was done to characterize parameters associated with semen human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) viral load (VL) variability in HIV-infected, therapy-naive men. Methods.

Paired blood and semen samples were collected from 30 HIV-infected, therapy-naive men who have sex with men, and 13 participants were observed longitudinally for up to 1 year. Human immunodeficiency virus RNA, bacterial load by 16S RNA, herpesvirus (Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus [CMV]) shedding, and semen cytokines/chemokines were quantified, and semen T-cell subsets were assessed by multiparameter flow cytometry. Results.

Semen HIV RNA was detected at 93% of visits, with >50% of men …

Development Of A Medium Scale Apparatus For Testing & Teaching Dispersed Dust Flame Effects, David Petrow

Online Theses and Dissertations

Combustible dust explosions and flash fires are a leading cause of property damage, injuries, and death in industries around the world. An example of a disastrous dust explosion occurred at CTA Acoustics in Corbin, KY in 2003. This explosion cost the lives of seven workers and injured 37 more. A mobile inexpensive dust dispersion apparatus (DDA) was designed, built, and tested to reproduce medium scale dust flash fires. By using fuel amounts varying from 0.45kg to 4.54kg the DDA created dust clouds ranging from 2.5m to 7.5m in diameter. With these measurements, the characterization of dust hazards and validation of …

Appraising The Current Status Of The National Institute For Occupational Safety And Health's Fatality Assessment Control Evaluation Program, Douglas Schwindt

Online Theses and Dissertations

Today, generally 13 U.S. workers die from workplace injuries. In 1970 on average, there were as many as 38 workplace fatalities on each day (DOL 2016). As a response to this alarming reality, the government enacted the Occupational Safety and Health Act in 1970. This governmental legislation created the Occupational Safety and Health Administration to regulate safety in the workplace; as well as, The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health who was charged with "developing new knowledge in the field of occupational safety and health and to transfer that knowledge into practice" (CDC NIOSH 2017).

In order to understand …

The Heinrich Model: Determining Contemporary Relevance, Bryan P. Basford

Online Theses and Dissertations

For as long as his work has been at the core of the safety profession, Herbert William Heinrich has been a staple of debate. His 1931 work Industrial Accident Prevention: A Scientific Approach has sparked worldwide debate on the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of his safety theories, as well as the accuracy or inaccuracy of his research and methods.

Heinrich's work is undoubtedly cited time and again as the foundational teaching for behavior-based safety, as well as countless other teachings in the safety profession as a whole. Despite the continued challenges to the validity of his work, there has been little …

Air Consumption And Air Management In The Fire Service, Otis Wesley Broderick

Online Theses and Dissertations

This research was undertaken in order to determine if there was a significant difference between various factors affecting air consumption rates and air management in the fire service. The purpose was to develop a better understanding of what had the most significant effect on air consumption rates in order to develop a point of focus so that fire departments could concentrate their efforts on an area of improvement that would give them the most return for their effort. An air management obstacle course was utilized to simulate work any firefighter could be reasonable expected to perform at a structure fire. …

Analysis Of Union Safety: Determining Relationships Between Union Membership And Injury And Fatality Rates, Madelyn K. Street

Online Theses and Dissertations

In under two centuries the labor union transformed the American workplace, improving wages, benefits, employee engagement, and safety. In more recent years, the government and other organizations have caught up in focusing on safety. Countless studies have been conducted and determined that unions have a significant positive impact on safety compared to work environments absent of a union. Using Bureau of Labor Statistics data for 2006-2015, an investigation into the trends of union membership and injuries and fatalities reported in the United States was conducted. It was determined that there was not significant correlation between increased union membership and improved …

Effects Of Instrument Handle Design On Dental Hygienists' Forearm Muscle Activity During Scaling, Jessica R. Suedbeck, Susan L. Tolle, Gayle Mccombs, Martha L. Walker, Daniel M. Russell

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 4 different commercially available instrument handle designs (A. 16 grams and 12.7 mm diameter, B. 23 grams and 11.1 mm diameter, C. 21 grams and 7.9 mm diameter and D. 18 grams and 6.35 mm diameter) on the muscle activity of four forearm muscles during a simulated scaling experience.

Methods: A convenience sample of 27 (n=27) dental hygienists used a Columbia 13/14 curet with four different instrument handles to scale artificial calculus from typodont teeth. Each participant's muscle activity was measured using surface electromyography (sEMG).

Results: Similar muscle …

Implantation Du Cadenassage Des Équipements Mobiles Dans Le Secteur Municipal : Étude Exploratoire, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Yuvin Chinniah, Barthélemy Aucourt

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Au Québec, selon l’article 188.2 du Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail (RSST), une procédure de cadenassage, ou à défaut « toute autre méthode qui assure une sécurité équivalente » doit être appliquée lors des interventions hors production dans une zone dangereuse d’une machine. On entend par « interventions hors production » toutes les opérations s’apparentant à celles mentionnées dans l’article 188.2 du RSST. Le but de telles méthodes de travail est de maîtriser les énergies dangereuses associées à l’équipement afin d’éviter toute libération d’énergie intempestive, et donc toutes blessures subséquentes. Les obligations des établissements au …

Robotique Collaborative : Évaluation Des Fonctions De Sécurité Et Retour D’Expérience Des Travailleurs, Utilisateurs Et Intégrateurs Au Québec, Sabrina Jocelyn, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Laurent Giraud, Adel Sghaier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Depuis 2010, l’industrie utilise un nouveau genre de robot capable d’interagir avec les travailleurs en production ou simplement de partager le même espace de travail. On les appelle « robots collaboratifs » ou cobots. Le cobot se distingue des robots conventionnels par l’interaction entre la machine et le travailleur; il accompagne ce dernier, l’assiste ou l’aide à réaliser des tâches. Toutefois, ce changement technologique fait apparaître de nouveaux risques surtout en production : risques de collisions (puisque l’humain peut être en contact avec le cobot), risques de troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) (même si le cobot est conçu pour les éviter, il …

Évaluation Des Risques Liés À La Sst : Les Critères De Conception D’Un Outil Pour Les Superviseurs De Stage Du « Parcours De Formation Axée Sur L’Emploi », Marie Laberge, Aurélie Tondoux, Fanny Camiré Tremblay

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Au Québec, les statistiques de la Commission des normes, de l’équité, de la santé et de la sécurité du travail (CNESST) indiquent que les déclarations des lésions professionnelles par les jeunes travailleurs ont beaucoup diminué dans la dernière décennie. Certains jeunes demeurent cependant plus vulnérables aux lésions professionnelles, dont ceux qui éprouvent des difficultés d’apprentissage ou d’adaptation. Ces jeunes occupent plus souvent des métiers manuels, ont peu d’expérience et ils peuvent avoir des difficultés particulières de compréhension qui pourraient les fragiliser lors de l’apprentissage d’un métier. Le ministère de l’Éducation et de l’Enseignement supérieur (MEES) a mis sur pied …

Évaluation De La Biomasse Mycologique Sur Les Surfaces Des Réseaux Aérauliques Des Systèmes De Ventilation, Geneviève Marchand, Nancy Lacombe, Carole Pépin, Marie-Jeanne Biyeyeme Mve Bi, Carol-Anne Villeneuve, Marie Gardette, Jacques Lavoie, Maximilien Debia, Yves Cloutier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les systèmes de chauffage, de ventilation et de climatisation de l’air (CVCA) permettent le maintien d’une bonne qualité de l’air dans différents types d’édifices. Toutefois, lorsque ces systèmes ne sont pas bien entretenus, ils peuvent devenir des sources d’émission de polluants dans l’air ambiant. Actuellement, les critères de déclenchement du nettoyage des conduits de ventilation sont souvent basés sur les dépôts de poussières. Or, une évaluation de la biomasse mycologique des poussières devrait faire partie des critères d’entretien puisque l’importance d’un dépôt de poussières n’est aucunement indicatrice de la charge microbienne qu’il contient. Afin de tenir …

Évaluation Des Bioaérosols Et Des Composés Gazeux Émis Lors Des Compostages De Résidus Agroalimentaires Et Résidentiels, Geneviève Marchand, Laetitia Bonifait, Marc Veillette, Carole Pépin, Yves Beaudet, Éric Légaré, Jacques Lavoie, Caroline Duchaine, Yves Bernard, Yves Cloutier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Au cours des dernières années, la conscientisation écologique des populations a stimulé de façon importante l’intérêt qu’elles portent à la protection de l’environnement. Des comportements favorisant le développement durable et permettant la préservation à long terme de l’environnement comme le compostage sont maintenant répandus. De par sa nature, le compostage nécessite l’action des microorganismes. À chaque phase de compostage correspondent des populations de microorganismes caractéristiques et, par conséquent, des émissions de bioaérosols qui leur sont propres. Plusieurs gaz peuvent également être présents dans l’air ambiant lors des activités de compostage. Les travailleurs de ces milieux peuvent donc être …

Mesure De L'Exposition Du Technicien Ambulancier Paramédical Aux Facteurs De Risque De Troubles Musculosquelettiques, Philippe Corbeil, André Plamondon, Angelo Tremblay, Jérôme Prairie, Dominique Larouche, Sandrine Hegg-Deloye

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Le technicien ambulancier paramédical (TAP) a comme fonction principale de prodiguer les soins préhospitaliers d’urgence tout en assurant, de façon sécuritaire, le transport du bénéficiaire vers un centre hospitalier. Fondamentalement, son objectif est de réduire au minimum la mortalité et la morbidité des bénéficiaires en minimisant le temps de réponse. De nombreuses études à travers le monde, incluant le Québec, montrent que les TAP ont un taux plus élevé de lésions professionnelles et prennent leur retraite plus tôt que les autres travailleurs de la population y compris ceux du système de santé. Plusieurs TAP quittent leur emploi pour un autre …

An Analysis Of The Physiological And Psychological Wellbeing Of Irish Naval Service Personnel, Cliodhna Sargent

Theses

Whilst all military cohorts have been seen to experience both physiological and psychological stressors during occupational duties, the naval service experience different stressors due the prolonged periods of time spent at sea. Research has analysed some of these stressors however many them have focused on how individuals are affected because of time spent in combat zones. The Irish Naval Service (INS) is an organisation under the Irish Defence Forces organisation and as such many of its physiological and psychological assessment procedures have come from the Defenee Forces. Very limited researeh has been carried out in relation to the INS as …

Accuracy And Repeatability Of Single-Pose Calibration Of Inertial Measurement Units For Whole-Body Motion Analysis, Xavier Robert-Lachaine, Hakim Mecheri, Christian Larue, André Plamondon

Études primaires

Portable inertial measurement units (IMUs) are suitable for motion analysis outside the laboratory. However, IMUs depend on the calibration of each body segment to measure human movement. Different calibration approaches have been developed for simplicity of use or similarity to laboratory motion analysis, but they have not been extensively examined. The main objective of the study was to determine the accuracy and repeatability of two common single-pose calibrations (N-pose and T-pose) under different conditions of placement (self-placement and passive placement), as well as their similarity to laboratory analysis based on anatomical landmarks. A further aim of the study was to …

Prevalence Of Epilepsy In China Between 1990 And 2015: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Peige Song, Yezhou Liu, Xinwei Yu, Jingjing Wu, Adrienne N. Poon, Alessandro R. Demaio, Wei Wang, Igor D. Rudan, Kityee Chan

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background: Epilepsy is a major neurological disorder that affects approximately 65 million people worldwide. Globally, the burden of epilepsy is not evenly distributed, with more than 80% of sufferers residing in low- and middle-income countries. This study estimates the burden of epilepsy in mainland China from 1990 to 2015 and explores the variations of burden by age and gender.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature from 1990 to 2015 using Chinese and English academic databases (CNKI, WanFang, VIP and PubMed) to identify population- based prospective studies on the prevalence of epilepsy in mainland Chinese. Multilevel mixed-effects …

Machine Safety: Hands-On Experimentation With Risk Estimation Parameters And Tools, François Gauthier, Yuvin Chinniah, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Barthélemy Aucourt, Stéphane Larouche

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Dans une démarche d’appréciation du risque telle que définie dans la norme internationale ISO 12100:2010, l’estimation du risque est une étape essentielle permettant aux concepteurs et aux utilisateurs de machines de déterminer le niveau de risque et les situations dangereuses les plus critiques. Deux études antérieures financées par l'Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST) ont permis de révéler que les nombreux outils qui permettent de réaliser l’estimation du risque se présentent sous des formes très diverses, et que plusieurs de leurs caractéristiques (ex. : paramètres, architecture) pouvaient influencer de façon importante le …

Development Of A Confined Space Risk Analysis And Work Categoraziation Tool, Yuvin Chinniah, Ali Bahloul, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Brigitte Roberge

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Au Québec, le Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail (RSST) définit un espace clos à l’article 1 (ce projet a été mené avec la définition d’un espace clos applicable en 2016. Cette définition a été modifiée le 25 juillet 2023). Le travail en espace clos est une problématique qui concerne à la fois les secteurs municipal, manufacturier, chimique, militaire, agricole, de la construction et du transport. Les espaces clos parmi les plus courants en industrie sont les réservoirs, les silos, les cuves, les puits d’accès, les fosses, les égouts, les …

Design Of Horizontal Lifeline Systems For Fall Protection: Update Of Technical Guide, Bertrand Galy, André Lan

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les chutes de hauteur sont encore aujourd’hui une des causes majeures d’accidents du travail. Trop souvent, les travailleurs ne s’attachent pas, faute de point d’ancrage disponible, ou parce qu’ils trouvent que les points d’attache fixes restreignent trop leurs mouvements. Cette restriction peut toutefois être levée grâce aux systèmes de corde d’assurance horizontale (SCAH). Le présent rapport constitue la mise à jour du guide technique T-18 publié en 1991 et rend ce dernier caduc. Cette mise à jour était devenue nécessaire à la suite de l’introduction, en 2001, au Code de sécurité pour les travaux de construction (CSTC), de l’obligation d’équiper …

Green Jobs In Quebec: Definition And Assessment Of Potential Chemical And Biological Risks To Workers' Health, Erwan Cheneval, Marc-Antoine Busque, Claude Ostiguy, Jacques Lavoie, Robert Bourbonnais, France Labrèche, Joseph Zayed

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les emplois générés par les efforts d’écologisation de l’économie sont en pleine croissance. Ces emplois, couramment appelés « emplois verts », étaient estimés en 2010 à plus de 155 000 au Québec et à 682 000 au Canada. Ces chiffres dépendent bien entendu des définitions données aux termes « écologie » et « environnement », mais donnent une idée de l’importance de ce secteur en croissance. Plusieurs nouvelles technologies se développent et il est impératif d’en apprécier les risques potentiels pour la santé des travailleurs.

L’objectif de cette recherche est de tracer le portrait québécois des emplois verts et d’apprécier …

Internet-Based Behavior Of It Professionals: Implications For Online Ergonomic Education To Prevent Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders, Priyadarshini Pattath

Theses and Dissertations

INTERNET-BASED BEHAVIOR OF IT PROFESSIONALS: IMPLICATIONS FOR ONLINE ERGONOMIC EDUCATION TO PREVENT WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS

By Priyadarshini Pattath, Ph.D. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Commonwealth University, 2017 Director: Dr. Robin Hurst, Assistant Professor of Adult Learning, Teaching and Learning,

School of Education

The purpose of this study was to explore the preferences of medium of ergonomic education and views about self-directed online training modules to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in computer professionals and understand their perspectives and experiences about online health information seeking using a …

Risk Register And Risk Intelligence: The Challenge Of Operational Risks In The Energy Sector, Maria Chiara Leva, B. Mcaleer, M. Rocke, D. Brogan

Conference papers

This paper presents the needs and the challenges encountered in developing a company-wide risk register in the energy sector. The study presented comes from an electricity generation company and it was useful to indicate areas where the concept of risk registers could be extended to make better use of existing data and to support continuous improvement of risk management. Six key areas are discussed 1) aggregation of risks across the business, 2) supporting controls over mitigation measures, 3) improved estimation of event likelihood, 4) integrating with critical asset registers, 5) improving risk communication, and 6) linking with day-to-day operational practice. …