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Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene Commons™
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Articles 121 - 141 of 141
Full-Text Articles in Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene
Workplace Violence, Organizational Culture, And Registered Nurses' Incident Reporting Patterns In Acute Hospitals In California, Feodora Jacobsen
Workplace Violence, Organizational Culture, And Registered Nurses' Incident Reporting Patterns In Acute Hospitals In California, Feodora Jacobsen
Doctoral Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of the reporting patterns of WPV Type II in acute hospital settings. Although some patients are abusive toward nurses, that the abuse is underreported to hospital administrators. Qualitative studies identified common themes for underreporting including fear of being blamed, abuse considered part of the job, and not having sufficient time to fill out a formal report. This study is the first quantitative study to explore the changes in mean scores of organizational-culture factors under two mutually exclusive conditions: registered nurses (RNs) who do not report hospital incidents and RNs who do …
Sécurité Des Machines : Expérimentation Pratique De Paramètres Et D’Outils D’Estimation Du Risque, François Gauthier, Yuvin Chinniah, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Barthélemy Aucourt, Stéphane Larouche
Sécurité Des Machines : Expérimentation Pratique De Paramètres Et D’Outils D’Estimation Du Risque, François Gauthier, Yuvin Chinniah, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Barthélemy Aucourt, Stéphane Larouche
Rapports de recherche scientifique
Dans une démarche d’appréciation du risque telle que définie dans la norme internationale ISO 12100:2010, l’estimation du risque est une étape essentielle permettant aux concepteurs et aux utilisateurs de machines de déterminer le niveau de risque et les situations dangereuses les plus critiques. Deux études antérieures financées par l'Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail (IRSST) ont permis de révéler que les nombreux outils qui permettent de réaliser l’estimation du risque se présentent sous des formes très diverses, et que plusieurs de leurs caractéristiques (ex. : paramètres, architecture) pouvaient influencer de façon importante le …
Establishing Methodology For Occupational Injury Surveillance In Agriculture And Logging, Erika Elisabeth Scott
Establishing Methodology For Occupational Injury Surveillance In Agriculture And Logging, Erika Elisabeth Scott
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Developing a low-cost surveillance system for occupational injury in agriculture and logging has long been a challenge. These data are needed to prioritize public health interventions in the agriculture and logging industries, and are crucial to evaluating changes in injury rates, as well as the effectiveness of safety interventions. Recently, the transition to electronic data reporting created new opportunities for the development of sustainable, low-cost surveillance systems. Pre-hospital care reports (PCR) and hospital data (emergency department, inpatient, and outpatient) are datasets of particular interest.
Does Informal Employment Exist In Developed Countries, Carlos Eduardo Siqueira
Does Informal Employment Exist In Developed Countries, Carlos Eduardo Siqueira
Gastón Institute Publications
No abstract provided.
A Biomechanical Comparison Between Expert And Novice Manual Materials Handlers Using A Multi-Joint Emg-Assisted Optimization Musculoskeletal Model Of The Lumbar Spine, Denis Gagnon, André Plamondon, Christian Larivière
A Biomechanical Comparison Between Expert And Novice Manual Materials Handlers Using A Multi-Joint Emg-Assisted Optimization Musculoskeletal Model Of The Lumbar Spine, Denis Gagnon, André Plamondon, Christian Larivière
Études primaires
Expertise is a key factor modulating the risk of low back disorders (LBD). Through years of practice in the workplace, the typical expert acquires high level specific skills and maintains a clean record of work-related injuries. Ergonomic observations of manual materials handling (MMH) tasks show that expert techniques differ from those of novices, leading to the idea that expert techniques are safer. Biomechanical studies of MMH tasks performed by experts/novices report mixed results for kinematic/kinetic variables, evoking potential internal effect of expertise. In the context of series of box transfers simulated by actual workers, detailed internal loads predicted by a …
Subject-Specific Biomechanics Of Trunk: Musculoskeletal Scaling, Internal Loads And Intradiscal Pressure Estimation, F. Ghezelbash, A. Shirazi-Adl, N. Arjmand, Z. El-Ouaaid, A. Plamondon
Subject-Specific Biomechanics Of Trunk: Musculoskeletal Scaling, Internal Loads And Intradiscal Pressure Estimation, F. Ghezelbash, A. Shirazi-Adl, N. Arjmand, Z. El-Ouaaid, A. Plamondon
Études primaires
Development of a subject-specific computational musculoskeletal trunk model (accounting for age, sex, body weight and body height), estimation of muscle forces and internal loads as well as subsequent validation by comparison with measured intradiscal pressure in various lifting tasks are novel, important and challenging. The objective of the present study is twofold. First, it aims to update and personalize the passive and active structures in an existing musculoskeletal kinematics-driven finite element model. The scaling scheme used an existing imaging database and biomechanical principles to adjust muscle geometries/cross-sectional-areas and passive joint geometry/properties in accordance with subjects’ sex, age, body weight and …
Développement D’Un Outil D’Analyse Du Risque Et De Catégorisation Des Interventions En Espace Clos, Yuvin Chinniah, Ali Bahloul, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Brigitte Roberge
Développement D’Un Outil D’Analyse Du Risque Et De Catégorisation Des Interventions En Espace Clos, Yuvin Chinniah, Ali Bahloul, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Brigitte Roberge
Rapports de recherche scientifique
Au Québec, le Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail (RSST) définit un espace clos à l’article 1 (ce projet a été mené avec la définition d’un espace clos applicable en 2016. Cette définition a été modifiée le 25 juillet 2023). Le travail en espace clos est une problématique qui concerne à la fois les secteurs municipal, manufacturier, chimique, militaire, agricole, de la construction et du transport. Les espaces clos parmi les plus courants en industrie sont les réservoirs, les silos, les cuves, les puits d’accès, les fosses, les égouts, les …
Évaluation De L’Efficacité D'Un Filtre N95 Contre Des Particules Ultrafines, Dont Les Nanoparticules, En Mode De Débits D'Air Constant Et Cyclique Simulant La Respiration Des Travailleurs, Ali Bahloul, Fariborz Haghighat, Reza Mostofi, Alireza Mahdavi, Claude Ostiguy
Évaluation De L’Efficacité D'Un Filtre N95 Contre Des Particules Ultrafines, Dont Les Nanoparticules, En Mode De Débits D'Air Constant Et Cyclique Simulant La Respiration Des Travailleurs, Ali Bahloul, Fariborz Haghighat, Reza Mostofi, Alireza Mahdavi, Claude Ostiguy
Rapports de recherche scientifique
On trouve des particules ultrafines (PUF), soit des particules dont le diamètre (Dp) est inférieur à 100 nm, dans de nombreux milieux de travail industriels, où leur inhalation peut, à long terme, causer de graves problèmes de santé. Dans certains contextes, les mesures d’ingénierie et les contrôles administratifs sont insuffisants pour protéger adéquatement les travailleurs contre l’exposition aux PUF. Un dispositif de protection personnel est alors requis, et les appareils de protection respiratoire à pièce faciale filtrante (APR) de type N95 sont ceux qu’utilisent le plus couramment les travailleurs de l’industrie et de la santé.
Une étude …
Étude En Laboratoire D’Un Système À Faible Coût Permettant De Mesurer Les Forces De Couplage À L’Interface Main-Poignée D’Outils Portatifs Vibrants, Subhash Rakheja, Pierre Marcotte, Mayank Kalra, Surajudeen Adewusi, Krishna Dewangan
Étude En Laboratoire D’Un Système À Faible Coût Permettant De Mesurer Les Forces De Couplage À L’Interface Main-Poignée D’Outils Portatifs Vibrants, Subhash Rakheja, Pierre Marcotte, Mayank Kalra, Surajudeen Adewusi, Krishna Dewangan
Rapports de recherche scientifique
Click here for the English version of this report
L'évaluation de l'exposition aux vibrations transmises au système main-bras et des lésions qui peuvent en résulter lors de l'utilisation d'outils portatifs motorisés repose actuellement sur les principes directeurs de la norme ISO 5349-1. Les dispositions de la norme ne tiennent pas compte, cependant, de l'effet des forces de couplage à l'interface main-poignée, alors que de nombreuses études ont démontré l'importance de ces forces dans la transmission des vibrations au système main-bras. Cela s'explique en partie par l'absence de méthodes pratiques pour mesurer ces forces sur le terrain, et en partie …
A Laboratory Study Of A Low-Cost System For Measuring Coupling Forces, Subhash Rakheja, Pierre Marcotte, Mayank Kalra, Surajudeen Adewusi, Krishna Dewangan
A Laboratory Study Of A Low-Cost System For Measuring Coupling Forces, Subhash Rakheja, Pierre Marcotte, Mayank Kalra, Surajudeen Adewusi, Krishna Dewangan
Rapports de recherche scientifique
Cliquez ici pour la version française de ce rapport
L'évaluation de l'exposition aux vibrations transmises au système main-bras et des lésions qui peuvent en résulter lors de l'utilisation d'outils portatifs motorisés repose actuellement sur les principes directeurs de la norme ISO 5349-1. Les dispositions de la norme ne tiennent pas compte, cependant, de l'effet des forces de couplage à l'interface main-poignée, alors que de nombreuses études ont démontré l'importance de ces forces dans la transmission des vibrations au système main-bras. Cela s'explique en partie par l'absence de méthodes pratiques pour mesurer ces forces sur le terrain, et en partie …
Conception Des Cordes D’Assurance Horizontales Pour La Protection Contre Les Chutes De Hauteur : Mise À Jour Du Guide Technique, Bertrand Galy, André Lan
Conception Des Cordes D’Assurance Horizontales Pour La Protection Contre Les Chutes De Hauteur : Mise À Jour Du Guide Technique, Bertrand Galy, André Lan
Rapports de recherche scientifique
Les chutes de hauteur sont encore aujourd’hui une des causes majeures d’accidents du travail. Trop souvent, les travailleurs ne s’attachent pas, faute de point d’ancrage disponible, ou parce qu’ils trouvent que les points d’attache fixes restreignent trop leurs mouvements. Cette restriction peut toutefois être levée grâce aux systèmes de corde d’assurance horizontale (SCAH). Le présent rapport constitue la mise à jour du guide technique T-18 publié en 1991 et rend ce dernier caduc. Cette mise à jour était devenue nécessaire à la suite de l’introduction, en 2001, au Code de sécurité pour les travaux de construction (CSTC), de l’obligation d’équiper …
Solutions Visant L’Amélioration Des Conditions De Santé Et De Sécurité Des Poseurs De Revêtements De Sol, Monique Lortie, Sylvie Nadeau, Steve Vezeau
Solutions Visant L’Amélioration Des Conditions De Santé Et De Sécurité Des Poseurs De Revêtements De Sol, Monique Lortie, Sylvie Nadeau, Steve Vezeau
Rapports de recherche scientifique
La pose de revêtement de sol se divise en différentes spécialités : céramique, bois et revêtement souple. C’est ce dernier secteur qui nous intéresse, soit la pose de tapis (accrochés ou collés; en rouleau, en tuiles) ou de matériaux résilients (linoléum, vinyle, caoutchouc, gazon synthétique, etc.). Le métier de poseur de revêtement de sol est exigeant sur le plan physique (manutention de rouleaux très lourds, travail à genou prolongé, épandage de colle sur de grandes surfaces), mais aussi en matière de savoir-faire à développer. La pose exige de la précision, entre autres, pour ajuster les motifs et effectuer les raccords. …
An Evaluation Of Exposures To Respirable Particulates, Environmental Pm2.5, Pahs And Metal Compounds In Western Australia, Desmond D. Menon
An Evaluation Of Exposures To Respirable Particulates, Environmental Pm2.5, Pahs And Metal Compounds In Western Australia, Desmond D. Menon
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
It has been well established that air pollution is associated with health impacts. This study investigated the relationship between exposure to air pollutants and potential biomarkers of health effects. The research project was conducted in 2 separate study locations and cohorts.
Study 1: An Evaluation of Children’s Exposures to Respirable Particulates, Environmental PM2.5, PAHs and Metal Compounds in The South West of Western Australia. A cross sectional study to evaluate the exposures of children (n=18), and controls (n=15) to respirable particulates PAHs and metal compounds in the South West of Australia during 2011. Ambient particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were found …
Student Absenteeism And The Comparisons Of Two Sampling Procedures For Culturable Bioaerosol Measurement In Classrooms With And Without Upper Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Devices, Chunxiao Su, Josephine Lau, Shawn G. Gibbs
Student Absenteeism And The Comparisons Of Two Sampling Procedures For Culturable Bioaerosol Measurement In Classrooms With And Without Upper Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Devices, Chunxiao Su, Josephine Lau, Shawn G. Gibbs
Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications
Upper room ultraviolet germicidal irradiance (UVGI) has been shown to reduce the concentration of bioaerosols in controlled chambers. However, there is a lack of experimental results on the reduction of bioaerosol concentrations by UVGI devices in actual uncontrolled buildings. This study was carried out in an American elementary school in the Midwest. Two sampling procedures were carried out in six selected classrooms with similar dimensions that were separated into two groups: (1) UVGI exposure group and (2) non-UVGI control group. Two-stage Tisch culturable impactors were utilized to collect airborne culturable bacteria and fungi. Monthly samples were collected during unoccupied period …
The “Burnout” Construct: An Inhibitor Of Public Health Action?, Bianchi Renzo, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Eric Laurent
The “Burnout” Construct: An Inhibitor Of Public Health Action?, Bianchi Renzo, Irvin Sam Schonfeld, Eric Laurent
Publications and Research
The prevention and treatment of the “burnout syndrome” within the critical care community is an important objective of the Moss et al. Burnout in the occupational area is based on the idea that burnout is especially common in individuals who care for critically ill patients. We think that the authors’ observations and recommendations are diminished by the fact that studies of burnout’s prevalence are methodologically problematic. The current definition and use of the burnout construct may in fact be detrimental to public health decision making.
Identification Of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate Thermal Degradation Products In A Generation Chamber By Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Sébastien Gagné, Yves Cloutier
Identification Of Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate Thermal Degradation Products In A Generation Chamber By Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Sébastien Gagné, Yves Cloutier
Études primaires
Isocyanate thermal degradation characterization by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry has been performed to elucidate the methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) thermal degradation structure emitted in a generation chamber using a temperature between 50°C and 180°C to produce MDI vapors. [M+H]+ ions containing an isocyanate functional group were studied by tandem mass spectrometry. The [M+H]+ ion analyses based on the combination of full scans and precursor ion scans were useful for identifying all structures. The compounds emitted were identified and validated as a mixture of compounds containing amine and isocyanate functions. Residual MDI, methylene diphenyl amino-isocyanate, …
Implementation And Evaluation Of An Analytical Method For A Novel Derivatizing Agent To Measure 4,4'-Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate Atmospheres, Silvia Puscasu, Simon Aubin, Mark Spence, Sébastien Gagné
Implementation And Evaluation Of An Analytical Method For A Novel Derivatizing Agent To Measure 4,4'-Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate Atmospheres, Silvia Puscasu, Simon Aubin, Mark Spence, Sébastien Gagné
Études primaires
Accurate measurement of 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) atmospheres is a challenge since the molecule is both chemically reactive and likely to be present in aerosol form when heated and sprayed because of its low vapor pressure. Meeting this challenge requires optimizing both the sampling device used and the derivatization agent employed to stabilize the isocyanate functional group. This study describes the use of a novel derivatization reagent for isocyanate sampling to address the challenge of MDI aerosol exposure sampling. Like most conventional derivatizing agents for isocyanates, 1,8-diaminonapthalene (DAN) reacts with isocyanate functional groups to form a urea. However, unlike other …
Two Related Occupational Cases Of Legionella Longbeachae Infection, Quebec, Canada, Marianne Picard-Masson, Élisabeth Lajoie, Judith Lord, Cindy Lalancette, Geneviève Marchand, Éric Levac, Marc-André Lemieux, Patricia Hudson, Louise Lajoie
Two Related Occupational Cases Of Legionella Longbeachae Infection, Quebec, Canada, Marianne Picard-Masson, Élisabeth Lajoie, Judith Lord, Cindy Lalancette, Geneviève Marchand, Éric Levac, Marc-André Lemieux, Patricia Hudson, Louise Lajoie
Études primaires
Two patients with no exposure to gardening compost had related Legionella longbeachae infections in Quebec, Canada. Epidemiologic investigation and laboratory results from patient and soil samples identified the patients’ workplace, a metal recycling plant, as the likely source of infection, indicating a need to suspect occupational exposure for L. longbeachae infections.
Documento Faz Diferença, Carlos Eduardo Siqueira, Gabriella Barretosoares, Pedro L Araújo Neto, Maria N Tracy
Documento Faz Diferença, Carlos Eduardo Siqueira, Gabriella Barretosoares, Pedro L Araújo Neto, Maria N Tracy
Gastón Institute Publications
Brazilian immigrants in the United States experience various social, labor, and health challenges. This study aimed to analyze the profile of female Brazilian domestic workers in Massachusetts, USA, through a description of their working conditions and sel-frated health. This was a cross-sectional study of 198 domestic workers in Massachusetts, recruited with “snowball” sampling. The instrument addressed participants’ demographic characteristics, work conditions, and self-rated health. Data were analyzed with SPSS 21.0. Among the interviewees, 95.5% were women, 62.1% were 30 to 49 years of age, and 55.6% were undocumented. Documented and undocumented participants showed statistically significant differences in demographics, work conditions, …
Programme De Prise De Décision Entre L'Ergothérapeute Et Le Travailleur Ayant Une Incapacité Due À Un Trouble Musculosquelettique Persistant : Perspective Des Acteurs En Réadaptation, Marie-France Coutu, France Légaré, Marie-José Durand, Marc Corbière, Dawn Stacey, Lesley Bainbridge, Marie-Élise Labrecque
Programme De Prise De Décision Entre L'Ergothérapeute Et Le Travailleur Ayant Une Incapacité Due À Un Trouble Musculosquelettique Persistant : Perspective Des Acteurs En Réadaptation, Marie-France Coutu, France Légaré, Marie-José Durand, Marc Corbière, Dawn Stacey, Lesley Bainbridge, Marie-Élise Labrecque
Rapports de recherche scientifique
Les travailleurs et les autres acteurs qui prennent des décisions en matière d’interventions de retour au travail ont souvent des intérêts et des buts différents. Le processus de prise de décision partagée (PDP) est une approche centrée sur la personne qui permet d’agir sur les écarts entre les travailleurs et les autres acteurs par rapport au but et au plan d’action à mettre de l’avant. À notre connaissance, un programme de PDP n'avait jamais été spécifiquement contextualisé en réadaptation au travail.
Ultimement, cette étude vise l’atteinte d’un but commun entre l’intervenant en santé et le travailleur dans le cadre de …
Effects Of Sex, Age, Body Height And Body Weight On Spinal Loads: Sensitivity Analyses In A Subject-Specific Trunk Musculoskeletal Model, F. Ghezelbash, A. Shirazi-Adl, N. Arjmand, Z. El-Ouaaid, A. Plamondon, J. R. Meakin
Effects Of Sex, Age, Body Height And Body Weight On Spinal Loads: Sensitivity Analyses In A Subject-Specific Trunk Musculoskeletal Model, F. Ghezelbash, A. Shirazi-Adl, N. Arjmand, Z. El-Ouaaid, A. Plamondon, J. R. Meakin
Études primaires
Subject-specific parameters influence spinal loads and the risk of back disorders but their relative effects are not well understood. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of changes in age (35–60 years), sex (male, female), body height (BH: 150–190 cm) and body weight (BW: 50–120 kg) on spinal loads in a full-factorial simulation using a personalized (spine kinematics, geometry, musculature and passive properties) kinematics driven musculoskeletal trunk finite element model. Segmental weight distribution (magnitude and location along the trunk) was estimated by a novel technique to accurately represent obesity. Five symmetric sagittal loading conditions were considered, and …