Influenza Humans Commons^™

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 66), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 22, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Murray, Debra. President Timothy Caboni Signs Employment Agreement to Continue Serving as University President
• Fleischaker, Jon & Michael Abate. Frankfort’s Assault on the Constitution & Transparency
• Fisher, Brittany. Helping Hooves – New Beginnings Therapeutic Riding
• Walters, Sarah. Fighting the Quarantine Blues with New Friends
• Moore, Jake. Softball Looks Strong Ahead of Conference Play
• Fleischman, Ian. WKU to Host Cardinals, Led by Ambere Barnett – Soccer
• Gaylord, Kaden. Hilltoppers Play Louisiana Tech in NIT Quarterfinals – Basketball

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 21, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Bunton, Gabrielle. Local Family Helps the Homeless Through Donations – Warming Tree, Doyle Family
• Burris, Lily. Reflection: How Things Have Changed One Year Into COVID
• Gaskin, Loren. Burmese Residents Arrive for Vaccination
• Meyer-Thornton, Zane. Showing the Ropes – Zhock Mason, Boxing
• Murray, Debra. New House Bill Potentially Removes Pink Tax
• Stryker, Shane. How COVID-19 Has Impacted Student Organizations
• Lamb, Cassady. Lady Toppers Remain Undefeated, 4 Road Matches Left – Volleyball
• Gaylord, Kaden. WKU Loses C-USA Championship, Set to Play in NIT – Basketball
• Sparkman, Wyatt. …

H1n1 Influenza Virus (Swine Flu): A Comprehensive Insight Into Escalating Catch-22 Scenarios, Muhammad Shahzaib, Ehsan Ul Haq

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: Viruses have always been a major cause of various disastrous pandemics in mankind’s history. H1N1 became a threat when its original strain was first discovered back in the swine flu pandemic of 2009. It became highly catastrophic on a large scale because none of the therapeutic interventions and methodologies that were already present at the time were effective against the virus.

Methods: A vast amount of literature and research is available regarding H1N1 influenza from different reputable sources online. The data were gathered with the contrasting and relative situations of 1918 and 2009 pandemics in mind. The overall extracted …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 20, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Crimmins, Michael. Business Owners Debate Minimum Wage Increase
• Deppen, Laurel & Michael Collins. Bowling Green Responds to On-campus Rape
• We Can End Victim Blaming – Sexual Assault
• Hendricks, Allie. Cheap Thrills – King of the Heap
• Latimer, Jacob. Fewer Hybrid Classes This Spring Than Fall
• Tolbert, Ellie. Local Bike Shops Hit by Pandemic-driven Bike Shortage
• Kieser, Nick. Softball, Baseball Field Seating Faces Capacity Limits, Excludes Students Despite Fees
• Toennies, Drew. Do or Die: Lady Toppers to Play Preliminary Round – Basketball
• Gaylord, Kaden. Hilltoppers Set …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 18, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Crisp, Hannah. Homesickness & COVID-19: Obstacles for Freshmen Increase Amid Strange Semester
• On Student Press Freedom Day: Stop Suing the College Heights Herald
• Mallon, Sam. Slippery Slopes – Snow, Winter
• Aboah, Henri. A Place in My Heart: Professor on 38 Years at WKU – Saundra Starks
• Broekema. Gabi. Instagram Account Glorifies the Common Chair – Chairs of Western
• Gaylord, Kaden. WKU to Play No. 6 Houston, Host Florida International University as Season Nears End – Basketball
• Toennies, Drew. Lady Toppers Travel to Florida This Weekend …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 17, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Tolbert, Ellie. Student Teaching Transforms to Allow Virtual Instruction
• Murray, Debra. Provost Reflects on Time at WKU, As an Educator as She Prepares for Retirement – Cheryl Stevens
• Gaskin, Loren. Up for Debate: Potter College Name Change
• Meyer-Thornton, Zane & Jack Dobbs. The Sixth Annual Puppy Bowl
• Snyder, Sean. Local Doctor Finds Life-long Passion in Race-walking – Doug Johnson
• Toennies, Drew. Lady Toppers Travel to Face Top Conference Foe Rice – Basketball
• Snyder, Sean. Lady Toppers to Host Bellarmine for Home Opener – Soccer
• Moore, …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 16, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Nutter, Abbey. Several Colleges Affected by Department Changes – Comprehensive Academic Program Evaluation
• Deppen, Laurel. WKU Professor on Kamala Harris Inauguration: There’s Still Work to Be Done – Saundra Ardrey
• Matthis, Jordan. Standing in My Truth – Rhondalyn Randolph
• Murray, Debra. State Bill to Help Students with Disciplinary Actions
• Kieser, Nick. How Fans Coped Without Live Sporting Events
• Toennies, Drew. Lady Toppers Win Triple Overtime Affair, Sweep Charlotte – Basketball
• Gaylord, Kaden. Hilltoppers Travel to Florida Atlantic University After One Week Delay – Basketball

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 15, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Bertucci, Leo. An Alumnus’ Journey to Shape Education – Gary Houchens
• Latimer, Jacob. Student Government Association Prepares for Another Unusual Semester
• Differing State & WKU Quarantine Guidelines Are Confusing, But It Has to Be Done
• Pepke, Brenna. The Man Behind the Tie – Tyreon Clark, Boys to Men Leadership Group of Kentucky
• Gaylord, Kaden. Hilltoppers Series Against Old Dominion Postponed – Basketball
• Snyder, Sean. Kicking It Again, Lady Topper Soccer is Back
• Kieser, Nick. Views: Charles Bassey Continues to Bulk Resume for NBA

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 14, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Deppen, Laurel. In Loving Memory of Our Friend, Elliott Wells
• Collins, Michael. Quarantine Housing Relocates, Updates Meals
• Deppen, Laurel. The Only Consistent Thing is Change
• Mallon, Sam. Delayed – Maggie Smith
• Bertucci, Leo. WKU Aids in Contact Tracing for Spring 2021
• Murray, Debra. COVID-19 Vaccine
• Kieser, Nick. TOPCARE Focuses on Athletes’ Mental Health
• Toennies, Drew. Lady Toppers to Host Middle Tennessee State University – Basketball
• Gaylord, Kaden. Hilltoppers Poised for Second Sweep – Basketball

Predictors Of Mortality In Hospitalized Patients With Influenza: A Five-Year Experience From A Tertiary Care Centre In Pakistan, Iffat Khanum, Amber Sabeen Ahmed, Safia Awan, Sabiha Banu, Bushra Jamil

Department of Medicine

Influenza outbreaks are associated with significant morbidity. Our aim was to determine the factors associated with increased mortality in hospitalized patients admitted with diagnosis of influenza, at a tertiary care center in Pakistan. This study included all adult patients with an influenza infection, confirmed by realtime reverse-transcriptase polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) at Aga Khan University Hospital Pakistan. In our study, 112 patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infection were admittedat our hospital from the 1st of January 2013 to the 31st of December 2018. Eighty-nine patients (79.46%) were managed in ward or special care units and 23 patients (20.5%) received treatment in intensive …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 13, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Burned Out – COVID-19
• Payne, Michael. 15 Years with the Bagel Brothers – Sandra Hurley
• Hargrove, Matthew. Hilltoppers Get in the Win Column, Home Finale Up Next - Football
• Kieser, Nick. All Eyes on the Spring – Basketball, Softball, Soccer, Baseball
• Leboutier, Addison. Little Flock of Jesus Christ Fellowship Comes Home – Clarence Tapp
• Cox, Alex. Editorial Cartoon re: Kamala Harris
• What a Kamala Harris Vice Presidency Means for Young People of Color
• Lattimer, Jacob. Student Government Association Sustainability Committee Looks to Make an Impact …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 12, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Kieser, Nick. Boyce Store, 1869 to COVID-19
• Bertucci, Leo. Barren River COVID-19 Data Still Delayed
• Frazier, Keilen. Joe Biden Their Time
• Extending the Withdrawal Date Is Not Enough – Pass / D / Fail Option
• Reynolds, Easton. WKU Extends the Deadline to Withdraw a Class
• Mallon, Sam. WKU, Barren River Area Child Advocacy Center Initiative Aims to Curb Child Abuse, Neglect – Child Welfare Education
• Hargrove, Matthew. Hilltoppers Drop Game at Florida Atlantic University, Southern Mississippi Visits the Hill Saturday – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Time …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 11, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Murray, Debra. Campaigning During COVID-19
• Stryker, Shane. Third Party Candidates Present Options Outside Democrats & Republicans
• WKU Young Democrats
• WKU College Republicans
• Serrano, Francisco. A Voice of Change for the Young Generation
• Thornton, Maggie. Kentucky’s 1^st Congressional District
• Holland, Kelley. Kentucky’s 2^nd Congressional District
• Latimer, Jacob. Senate Candidates on College-Level Issues – Mitch McConnell, Amy McGrath
• Collins, Michael. District 20 Candidates on the Issues – Patti Minter, Leanette Lopez
• Who’s Running for City Commission?

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 10, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Nutter, Abbey. Haunting on the Hill
• Latimer, Jacob. Campus Community Expresses Their Thoughts on Buildings & Colleges Connected to Slave Owners
• Collins, Michael. Greek Organizations Under Scrutiny for COVID-19 Violations
• Cox, Alex. Editorial Cartoon re: Body Image
• College Diet Culture
• Frazier, Keilen & Anna Leachman. Carving New Paths – Southwest Kentucky Mountain Bike Association
• E-Sports Explained
• Gaylord, Kaden. Nothing to Celebrate About That Win – Football
• Hargrove, Matthew. Tyrell Pigrome’s Late Touchdown Gives Hilltoppers First Win in Two Weeks – Football

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 9, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Aboah, Henri. Blooming – Flower Shops
• Reynolds, Easton. Record Setting Voter Turnout Expected This Election Season
• Collins, Michael. Grocery Shopping In a Pandemic
• Mallon, Sam. Fighting for Peace – Bowling Green for Peace
• Tomlin, Laura. WKU Environmental Health & Safety Provides Do’s & Don’t’s for This Halloween During COVID-19
• It’s Time for WKU to Switch to Environmentally-friendly Take-out Products – Dining Services
• Keiser, Nick. Covering a WKU Football Game Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
• Hargrove, Matthew. In Ruins – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. The Offense Doesn’t Have …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 8, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Lowe, Julianna. A Look Inside – Jamison Moorehead, Quarantine
• Burris, Lily. Day in the Life – Sharon Hunter
• Collins, Michael & Lauren Deppen. Need to Know – COVID-19
• Frazier, Keilen. Homecoming in Barnes-Campbell Hall – Quarantine
• Lowe, Julianna. Survey to Student – Dining Services, Quarantine
• Collins, Michael. Kentucky Universities’ Records on COVID-19
• Burris, Lily. Voices on the Inside – Sam Padgett, Chris Willis, Parker Randall, River Carter, Iyanla Shackelford
• Hargrove, Matthew. Herd Tramples WKU – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Travis Hudson is the Greatest of All …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 7, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Murray, Debra. Truckin’ Great: COVID-19 Leads to New Dining Options
• Bertucci, Leo. WKU COVID-dashboard Lacks Active Case Count
• Rash, Liza. Math Department Head Responds to Demotion, Reanalyzes Model 41 Days Later - Bruce Kessler
• Kieser, Nick. Lady Topper Golf Finishes Second in Hoover Invitational
• Cox, Alexander. Editorial Cartoon re: Scholarship Money
• Opening Doors: New Scholarships Show that WKU Cares
• Edmonds, Garrett. Student Government Association President Garrett Edmonds Plans for New Academic Year
• Hargrove, Matthew. Tops Take Victory – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Don’t Let This Be …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 2, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Collins, Michael. Rough Start – COVID-19
• Thornton, Maggie. What a WKU Student Learned from Her Experience with COVID-19
• Harkreader, Dylan & Debra Murray. Programs That Rely On Hands-on Learning Adapt to Virtual Courses
• Meyer-Thornton, Zane. Keep It Going
• Hurst, Courtney, Robin Lester & Trenton Peyton. What Is Intercultural Student Engagement Center?
• Sisler, Julie. WKU Grad Student: It’s On the Administration, Not the Students
• Kieser, Nick. Football Takes Precautions to Kick Off Season COVID-Free
• Warner, Casey: Setting Up – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Making It Safe to …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 1, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Rash, Liza. Math Department Head Makes a Shocking Model Regarding Potential Campus COVID-19 Death Rate
• Bertucci, Leo. WKU Introduces COVID-19 Testing to Campus Community
• Marshall, Olivia. How Students Can Navigate Campus Facilities This Semester
• Bunton, Gabrielle. Campus Organizations Prepare to Engage Students Amid COVID Restrictions
• Deppen, Laurel. On-campus Students Who Contract COVID to be Moved to New Location to Quarantine
• Stack, Madalyn. Editorial Cartoon re: Social Distancing
• College of Health & Human Services Should Have Been More Involved in Restart Committee
• Deppen, Laurel. From the …

Clinical Characteristics And Outcomes Of Patients With H1n1 Influenza Pneumonia Admitted At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Karachi, Pakistan, Mujahid Hussain, Nosheen Nasir, Muhammad Irfan, Zahra Hasan

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

Introduction: Influenza viruses specifically, A and B mainly contribute to seasonal outbreaks that occur globally. However, due to limited diagnostics for influenza there is little data regarding clinical outcomes of patients with H1N1 pneumonia in our region. Our objective was to determine the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized with H1N1 pneumonia at a tertiary care facility in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: A retrospective study of adult patients admitted with influenza pneumonia from November 2017 to February 2018 at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Patient characteristics were compared between influenza A H1N1 and other types of influenza using …

How Immune T-Cell Augmentation Can Help Prevent Covid-19: A Possible Nutritional Solution Using Ketogenic Lifestyle, Ravi K. Kamepalli Md,Fidsa,Cwsp

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 2), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of The Id Now Influenza A & B 2, Cobas Influenza A/B, And Xpert Xpress Flu Point-Of-Care Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests For Influenza A/B Virus Detection In Children, Neena Kanwar, Jeff Michael, Kathryn Doran, Emily Montgomery, Rangaraj Selvarangan

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

© 2020 Kanwar et al. Early diagnosis of influenza (Flu) is critical for patient management and infection control. The ID Now influenza A & B 2 (ID Now) assay (Abbott Laboratories), Cobas influenza A/B nucleic acid test (LIAT; Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.), and Xpert Xpress Flu (Xpert; Cepheid) are rapid, point-of-care molecular assays for Flu virus detection. The study aim was to compare the performances of these three commercially available Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)-waived Flu virus assays. We prospectively enrolled 201 children platforms, as per the manufacturers' instructions. CDC Flu A/B PCR was used as a reference method to …

Severity Of Disease And Mortality For Hospitalized Patients With Community-Acquired Viral Pneumonia Compared To Patients With Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia, Richard Y. Kim, Thomas Chandler, Stephen P. Furmanek, Timothy Lee Wiemken, Rodrigo Cavallazzi

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: There exists a large body of literature to help identify, diagnose, treat, and manage community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Despite this, there is little data that directly compares the clinical syndromes and complications of pure bacterial pneumonia to pure viral pneumonia. Our study compares the clinical presentation, morbidity and mortality of viral vs. bacterial etiologies of CAP.

Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Organization (CAPO) international study database. Data was collected concerning patient demographics, physical examination findings, laboratory findings, radiological findings, severity of illness, and clinical outcomes and stratified according to the two study groups, CAVP …

Non-Mumps Viral Parotitis During The 2014-2015 Influenza Season In The United States., Lina I. Elbadawi, Pamela Talley, Melissa A. Rolfes, Alexander J. Millman, Erik Reisdorf, Natalie A. Kramer, John R. Barnes, Lenee Blanton, Jaime Christensen, Stefanie Cole, Tonya Danz, John J. Dreisig, Rebecca Garten, Thomas Haupt, Beth M. Isaac, Mary Anne Jackson, Anna Kocharian, Daniel Leifer, Karen Martin, Lisa Mchugh, Rebecca J. Mcnall, Jennifer Palm, Kay W. Radford, Sara Robinson, Jennifer B. Rosen, Senthilkumar K. Sakthivel, Peter Shult, Anna K. Strain, George Turabelidze, Lori A. Webber, Meghan Pearce Weinberg, David E. Wentworth, Brett L. Whitaker, Lyn Finelli, Michael A. Jhung, Ruth Lynfield, Jeffrey P. Davis

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: During the 2014-2015 US influenza season, 320 cases of non-mumps parotitis (NMP) among residents of 21 states were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We conducted an epidemiologic and laboratory investigation to determine viral etiologies and clinical features of NMP during this unusually large occurrence.

Methods: NMP was defined as acute parotitis or other salivary gland swelling of >2 days duration in a person with a mumps- negative laboratory result. Using a standardized questionnaire, we collected demographic and clinical information. Buccal samples were tested at the CDC for selected viruses, including mumps, influenza, human parainfluenza …

Influenza-Associated Parotitis During The 2014-2015 Influenza Season In The United States., Melissa A. Rolfes, Alexander J. Millman, Pamela Talley, Lina I. Elbadawi, Natalie A. Kramer, Joh R. Barnes, Lenee Blanton, Jeffrey P. Davis, Stefanie Cole, John J. Dreisig, Rebecca Garten, Thomas Haupt, Mary Anne Jackson, Anna Kocharian, Daniel Leifer, Ruth Lynfield, Karen Martin, Lisa Mchugh, Sara Robinson, George Turabelidze, Lori A. Webber, Meghan Pearce Weinberg, David E. Wentworth, Lyn Finelli, Michael A. Jhung

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: During the 2014-2015 influenza season in the United States, 256 cases of influenza-associated parotitis were reported from 27 states. We conducted a case-control study and laboratory investigation to further describe this rare clinical manifestation of influenza.

Methods: During February 2015-April 2015, we interviewed 50 cases (with parotitis) and 124 ill controls (without parotitis) with laboratory-confirmed influenza; participants resided in 11 states and were matched by age, state, hospital admission status, and specimen collection date. Influenza viruses were characterized using real-time polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing. We compared cases and controls using conditional logistic regression. Specimens from additional reported …

Haemophilus Influenzae Type B Invasive Disease In Amish Children, Missouri, Usa, 2014, Angela L. Myers, Mary Anne Jackson, Lixin Zhang, Douglas S. Swanson, Janet R. Gilsdorf

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

© 2017, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All rights reserved. During 5 months in 2014, three Amish children in Missouri, USA, were diagnosed with invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b infection. Two were rural neighbors infected with a genetically similar rare strain, sequence type 45. One child had recently traveled, raising the possibility of maintenance of this strain among unvaccinated carriers in Amish communities.

Effect Of Mobile Phone Text Messages Reminders On Uptake Of Routine Immunization Among Children In Pakistan- Study Protocol For A Randomized Clinical Trial, Abdul Momin Kazi, Murtaza Ali, Khurram Zubair, Hussain Kalimuddin, Syed Asad Ali

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Introduction: Routine Immunization (RI) is considered one of the best public health interventions to decrease child morbidity and mortality. The RI coverage in Pakistan is still well below the desired level, leading to continued polio transmission, large measles outbreaks and thousands of deaths from vaccine-preventable illnesses. Different innovative and cost effective strategies are required to look into for enhancement in vaccination uptake and coverage. We plan to test the effectiveness of reminders to parents/caregivers on cell phones through short messaging system (SMS) in improving vaccine uptake and on-time routine immunization for children in Pakistan.
Methods and Analysis: A parallel-randomized controlled …

The Association Of Meningococcal Disease With Influenza In The United States, 1989-2009, Jessica Hartman Jacobs, Cecile Viboud, Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen, Joel Schwartz, Claudia Steiner, Lone Simonsen, Marc Lipsitch

Global Health Faculty Publications

Importance and Objective

Prior influenza infection is a risk factor for invasive meningococcal disease. Quantifying the fraction of meningococcal disease attributable to influenza could improve understanding of viral-bacterial interaction and indicate additional health benefits to influenza immunization.

Design, Setting and Participants

A time series analysis of the association of influenza and meningococcal disease using hospitalizations in 9 states from 1989–2009 included in the State Inpatient Databases from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the proportion of positive influenza tests by subtype reported to the Centers for Disease Control. The model accounts for the autocorrelation of meningococcal disease and …