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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Epidemiology
Assessing The Social And Ecological Factors That Influence Childhood Overweight And Obesity, Katie Callahan
Assessing The Social And Ecological Factors That Influence Childhood Overweight And Obesity, Katie Callahan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity is increasing at an alarming rate in the United States. Currently more than 1 in 3 children aged 2-19 are overweight or obese. This is of major concern because childhood overweight and obesity leads to chronic conditions such as type II diabetes and tracks into adulthood, where more severe adverse health outcomes arise. In this study I used the premise of the social ecological model (SEM) to analyze the common levels that a child is exposed to daily; the intrapersonal level, the interpersonal level, the school level, and the community level to better …
The Impact Of Preconception Maternal Stress On Fecundability And Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes., Shekufe Akhter
The Impact Of Preconception Maternal Stress On Fecundability And Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes., Shekufe Akhter
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
It has been commonly hypothesized (and widely believed) that maternal stress either prior to or during pregnancy can adversely affect fertility and pregnancy outcomes. However, surprisingly few epidemiologic studies have rigorously tested these hypotheses. The current study evaluated the effects of pre-conception self-reported stress on fecundability and spontaneous abortion. The study population was derived from the Mount Sinai Study of Woman Office Workers with 487 women included. Women recorded stress (scale from 1 to 4) and covariate information in a daily diary for 12 cycles or until pregnant. Results indicated a significantly increased risk of spontaneous abortion for women with …
Effectiveness Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) Management Program At The University Of Louisville., Malhar Anantbhai Jhaveri
Effectiveness Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) Management Program At The University Of Louisville., Malhar Anantbhai Jhaveri
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease of the respiratory system characterized by airflow limitation that is not completely reversible and is associated with systemic effects especially of the cardiovascular system. COPD is frequently complicated by acute exacerbations that contribute to physical impairment and increased health care use. As COPD is a chronic lung disease with significant systemic manifestations, it is important to have chronic disease management programs specifically targeting individuals with COPD designed to improve their overall quality of life, reduce the burden of disease and decrease the impact of COPD on daily life. Chronic disease …
Cognitive Decline And Polypharmacy In An Elderly Population., Ximena A. Oyarzun Gonzalez
Cognitive Decline And Polypharmacy In An Elderly Population., Ximena A. Oyarzun Gonzalez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Aging is associated with increased risk of chronic disease, comorbidities, and greater medication use. Polypharmacy, the concomitant use of 5 or more medications, has been associated with adverse health effects, and potentially cognitive decline. The proposed hypothesis is that polypharmacy increases the risk of cognitive decline in elderly people. Using longitudinal data from 572 participants from the New Mexico Aging Process Study cohort, the impact of polypharmacy on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) was studied. The statistical analyses were performed using mixed linear regression multivariable models and generalized estimating equations, adjusting for important …
Markers And Mechanisms Of Metabolic Aging., Peter Dziewornu Ahiawodzi
Markers And Mechanisms Of Metabolic Aging., Peter Dziewornu Ahiawodzi
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Oxidative stress has been implicated in aging and age-related diseases. Using three distinct studies, this dissertation examines associations between lifestyle factors and oxidative stress, and their effects on advanced glycation end products, telomere length, and type II diabetes. Carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), an advanced glycation end-product, has been linked to oxidative stress, cardiovascular and other age-related diseases. The first study investigates the association between sleep disordered breathing (SDB), a source of oxidative stress, and CML. 1002 participants with sleep data from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) were analyzed. SDB was not significantly associated with CML, but after stratification by gender and hemoglobin …
The Performance Of The K6 Scale In A Large Adolescent Sample., Nicholas Chalmer Peiper 1982-
The Performance Of The K6 Scale In A Large Adolescent Sample., Nicholas Chalmer Peiper 1982-
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is an applied research study to examine the performance of the K6 scale that measures serious emotional disturbance (SED) among adolescents. As the K6 was included in the 2012 administration of the Kentucky Incentives for Prevention Survey (KIP), three specific aims are included: 1) confirm the unidimensional structure of the K6 among adolescents using factor analysis; 2) define the prevalence and correlates of adolescent SED among Kentucky students; and 3) utilize latent class analysis (LCA) to empirically derive clinically relevant subtypes of adolescents with SED. Of the 122,718 students who completed the KIP in 2012, approximately 89% provided …
Coal Ash And Children's Sleep : A Community-Based Study., Clara G. Sears
Coal Ash And Children's Sleep : A Community-Based Study., Clara G. Sears
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Kentucky is the fifth largest producer of coal ash, a by-product of coal combustion. The small spherical coal ash particles contain heavy metals like arsenic, lead, mercury, and cadmium. Coal ash is currently classified as nonhazardous by the EPA, which allows it to be stored in open-air impoundments near low-income communities. The primary object of the study is to determine the prevalence of sleep disruptive behaviors in children exposed to coal ash, compared to a group of demographically similar non-exposed children. Parents or guardians from five neighborhoods surrounding a coal ash storage facility, and one non-exposed community, participated in a …