Epidemiology Commons^™

The Association Between The Neighbourhood Food Environment And Prevalence Of Three Chronic Diseases In Urban Canada: A Cross-Sectional Analysis, Jagraj Singh Pandher

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Research on the association between the neighbourhood food environment and prevalence of chronic diseases is very limited in Canada. The objective of this thesis was to investigate: (i) the associations between the neighbourhood food environment and prevalence of type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension among Canadian adults living in urban areas; and (ii) whether or not dietary patterns, obesity and physical activity mediate such associations. Self-reported diagnosis of three chronic diseases, and individual-level socio-demographic and lifestyle variables were taken from the 2009-2010 Canadian Community Health Survey; neighbourhood-level socio-economic data were taken from the 2011 National Household Survey; and the …

The Association Between Heavy Episodic Drinking And Alcohol-Related Unsafe Sex Among Canadian Undergraduate Student Drinkers, Shirley Solomon

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Young adults who engage in risky sexual behaviours are placing themselves at risk for serious health problems. This study assessed the extent of alcohol-related unsafe sex among Canadian undergraduate students and examined the association between unsafe sex and heavy episodic drinking as well as drinking motives, drinking locations, age when they first drank alcohol, and illicit drug use. Data were obtained from the 2004 Canadian Campus Survey (N = 4,437). Logistic regression and modified Poisson regression was used to examine associations with unsafe sex. The proportion of students reporting having had unsafe sex was estimated to be at 7.37%. Heavy …

The Association Between Women's Autonomy And Women's Hiv/Aids Knowledge And Attitudes In Ethiopia, Fadumo Rirash

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Low autonomy resulting from gender inequalities in women has been identified as a contributing factor to the disproportionate impact of HIV/AIDS on women, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa.

This study explored the association between women’s autonomy and HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes in Ethiopia using the 2005 and 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys. The women’s spouses’ perceptions of the women’s autonomy and socio-demographic variables associated with HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes identified by the literature were included in the analyses. Multiple linear regression identified positive associations between women’s autonomy (and men’s perception of women’s autonomy), socio-demographic variables including education and mass media …

Risk Factors For Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative Analysis Of Subpopulation Differences In A Large Canadian Sample, Michael James Taylor

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Objectives: Certain Canadian subpopulations observe numerous modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for diabetes. This study compares immigrants and Aboriginals (First Nations, Inuit, and Métis) with Canada-born individuals at higher risks for diabetes, and deciphers the determinant differences between them.

Methods: Pooled Canadian Community Health Survey data (2001-2010) were used. Time trends for diabetes within each subsample were calculated using individual survey year prevalence rates; diabetes diagnoses were self-reported (N=33,565). Various risk factors were also examined using logistic regression.

Results: Diabetes prevalence rates significantly increased from 2001 to 2010 for each subpopulation, as well as the total sample: Canada-Born individuals (3.9% …

Social Support As A Determinant Of Health Related Quality Of Life In Breast Cancer Survivors In California, Faiza Rab

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Objective:

To evaluate the relationship between perceived social support and HRQOL (physical and emotional) in low SES breast cancer survivors.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study design was used to measure perceived social support at 18 months and HRQOL at 3 years after breast cancer diagnosis using MOS SS and MOS SF-36, respectively. Multiple regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship.

Results:

Menopause at the time of diagnosis, adjunct chemotherapy, adjunct radiation therapy, co-morbidities, treatment side effects and depression were negatively associated with PCS scores (p < 0.01). Treatment side effects, anxiety and depression were negatively associated with MCS scores (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

Perceived social support was not associated with HRQOL in low SES breast cancer survivors …