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Full-Text Articles in Epidemiology

Geographic Disparities Associated With Stroke And Myocardial Infarction In East Tennessee, Ashley Pedigo Golden Dec 2011

Geographic Disparities Associated With Stroke And Myocardial Infarction In East Tennessee, Ashley Pedigo Golden

Doctoral Dissertations

Stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) are serious conditions whose burdens vary by socio-demographic and geographic factors. Although several studies have investigated and identified disparities in burdens of these conditions at the county and state levels, little is known regarding their geographic epidemiology at the neighborhood level. Both conditions require emergency treatments and therefore timely geographic accessibility to appropriate care is critical. Investigation of disparities in geographic accessibility to stroke and MI care and the role of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in reducing treatment delays are vital in improving health outcomes. Therefore, the objectives of this work were to: (i) classify …


Elsa-Brasil: Historico [In Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo Nov 2011

Elsa-Brasil: Historico [In Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.


Vigilância Em Doença Cerebrovascular [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo Nov 2011

Vigilância Em Doença Cerebrovascular [Portuguese], Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

No abstract provided.


A Reappraisal Of Stroke Mortality Trends In Brazil (1979 To 2009), Paulo A. Lotufo Sep 2011

A Reappraisal Of Stroke Mortality Trends In Brazil (1979 To 2009), Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Background: Brazil has the highest cerebrovascular death rate in the Western Hemisphere. We investigated temporal trends according to gender and stroke subtypes. Methods: We analysed mortality rates between 1979 and 2009 for different stroke subtypes. Data were stratified by sex and age (35–74 y). The annual percent change (APC) and significant changes in the trends were identified with joinpoint Poisson regression. The average annual percent change (AAPC) for 2005-09 was presented because that period had the best quality of information. Results: After excluding deaths due to stroke sequels, for men, the APCs (95% confidence intervals) were: 1979-84: 0.7 (-0.8 to …


Neighborhood Disparities In Stroke And Myocardial Infarction Mortality: A Gis And Spatial Scan Statistics Approach, Agricola Odoi Aug 2011

Neighborhood Disparities In Stroke And Myocardial Infarction Mortality: A Gis And Spatial Scan Statistics Approach, Agricola Odoi

Agricola Odoi

Background: Stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) are serious public health burdens in the US. These burdens vary by geographic location with the highest mortality risks reported in the southeastern US. While these disparities have been investigated at state and county levels, little is known regarding disparities in risk at lower levels of geography, such as neighborhoods. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate spatial patterns of stroke and MI mortality risks in the East Tennessee Appalachian Region so as to identify neighborhoods with the highest risks. Methods: Stroke and MI mortality data for the period 1999-2007, obtained free …


Gene By Bmi Interactions Influencing C-Reactive Protein Levels In European-Americans, Sarah Tudor Aug 2011

Gene By Bmi Interactions Influencing C-Reactive Protein Levels In European-Americans, Sarah Tudor

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is a biomarker indicating tissue damage, inflammation, and infection. High-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) is an emerging biomarker often used to estimate an individual’s risk for future coronary heart disease (CHD). hsCRP levels falling below 1.00 mg/l indicate a low risk for developing CHD, levels ranging between 1.00 mg/l and 3.00 mg/l indicate an elevated risk, and levels exceeding 3.00 mg/l indicate high risk. Multiple Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have identified a number of genetic polymorphisms which influence CRP levels. SNPs implicated in such studies have been found in or near genes of interest including: CRP, APOE, APOC, IL-6, …


Prevalence Of Thyroid Disorders Among Older People: Results From The São Paulo Ageing & Health Study, Paulo A. Lotufo Jan 2011

Prevalence Of Thyroid Disorders Among Older People: Results From The São Paulo Ageing & Health Study, Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

This study aimed to estimate prevalence of thyroid disorders in the São Paulo Ageing & Health Study, an epidemiological study addressing several health-adverse outcomes among elderly people living in a poor area of São Paulo, Brazil. All participants answered a questionnaire and had a blood sample collected to assess levels of tireotropic hormone and free-thyroxine. Among 1,373 people (60.8% women), prevalence rates (95% confidence interval) for thyroid dysfunction (%) were: overt hyperthyroidism, 0.7% (0.2-1.1) [women: 0.8% (0.2-1.5); men: 0.4% (0.01-0.9)]; overt hypothyroidism, 5.7% (4.5-6.9) [women: 5.9% (4.3-7.5); men: 5.4% (3.5-7.3)]; subclinical hyperthyroidism, 2.4% (1.6-3.2) [women: 2.8% (1.6-3.9); men: 1.9% (0.7-3.0)]; …