Environmental Public Health Commons^™

Impact Of Budget Increase On Primary Health Care Performance In The Era Of National Health Insurance: Case Study In Buleleng District, Kadek Suranugraha, Ni Made Sri Nopiyani, Pande Putu Januraga

Kesmas

Since 2014, there has been an increase in funds for primary health care (PHC) coming from the National Health Insurance program capitation funds and the Health Operational Assistance Fund. This study aimed to explore the effect of this budget increase on the health care services at PHC. The case study used a qualitative approach and interviews from 19 PHC health workers with the highest and lowest budget. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and supported by quantitative data. The positive impact of the increasing PHC budget was felt by PHC staff due to the addition of operational equipment and incentives …

Utilization Of Styrofoam As Soundproofing Material With Auditory Frequency Range, Sjahrul Meizar Nasri, Iting Shofwati

Kesmas

The utilization of bricks made of styrofoam is expectedly able to be a soundproof for noise control and as a preventive action to reduce the steadily increasing prevalence of hearing loss. This study aimed to assess the use of sound absorption material in which styrofoam was utilized to reduce the noise exposure. In this study, fine aggregates (sand and styrofoam) were made with a mixture of cement with a composition of 1:4 and 1:6, also the addition of polystyrene waste with a percentage of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Determination of acoustical property of the mixture was done by …

Pizza And Hamburger Consumption To Overweight Among Adolescents In Jambi City, Ummi Kalsum, Sahridayanti Nainggolan, Nawi Ng

Kesmas

Junk food is unhealthy and poor in nutrient quality, and may result in weight gain, obesity, and coronary heart disease, if consumed regularly. The prevalence of overweight in adolescents is 5-10% higher in urban areas. Adolescents undergo lifestyle changes, including in food consumption behavior. This study aimed to determine relation between junk food consumption patterns and overweight in adolescents. This study was conducted based on a cross-sectional design. A total of 137 high school students in Jambi City were involved in this study. Patterns of junk food consumption were assessed using food frequency questionnaires that examined the eating habits of …

Adolescents' Attitude Toward Hiv/Aids Prevention In Yogyakarta, Meysa Tiranda, Nanik Setiyawati, Anita Rahmawati

Kesmas

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the second leading cause of death in adolescent groups in the world. In Indonesia, the rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adolescents increases annually. Yogyakarta, well-known as the education city, has the highest number of HIV/AIDS cases in the productive age group of 20–29 years old, which means that they have been already infected with HIV since teen age. This study aimed to determine influential factors that affect adolescents' attitude toward HIV/AIDS prevention. The study was an analytic survey research with a cross-sectional design. Stratified random sampling was applied to select a sample size of …

Risk Factors Associated With Low Birth Weight, Mohammad Zen Rahfiludin, Yudhy Dharmawan

Kesmas

Neonatal deaths are associated with preterm birth complications. The aim of this study was to analyze risk factors associated with LBW. This was a crosssectional study held in Bulu Primary Health Care, Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia. The sample size required for this study was 69 based on the Slovin formula. Data were collected using questionnaires and semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire forms. Data on infant birth weight was taken from midwives’ delivery cohort records. Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), hemoglobin level, blood pressure, maternal age, parity, nutritional intake, and serum transferrin receptor data were taken from the infant’s mother using a …

Role Stress, Personality Type, Burnout, And Performance Of Midwives Towards Postnatal Care Program Achievement In Surabaya City, Elita Halimsetiono, Thinni Nurul Rochmah, Dewi Retno Suminar

Kesmas

The coverage of postnatal care program in Surabaya City had declined since 2011–2013 and could not reach the target. This analytic observational study used a cross-sectional design and was conducted during April–May 2015 to analyze the effect of role stress, personality type, and burnout on midwives’ performance towards postnatal care program achievement in Surabaya City. A total sample of 45 midwives was collected from eight primary health care centers in Surabaya City with basic emergency obstetric and neonatal care services. Accidental sampling was used for sample selection. This study indicated that most of the midwives were aged 20–30 years and …

Family Perception Towards Health Role In Filariasis Countermeasures Using The Health Belief Model Approach In Aceh Besar District, Said Devi Elvin, Mutia Yusuf, Wirda Hayati, Teuku Alamsyah

Kesmas

Aceh Besar District is a filariasis endemic area. This endemic state is strongly influenced by people’s perception of filariasis countermeasures. This study aimed to determine relation between family perceptions towards health role in filariasis countermeasures using the Health Belief Model. An analytical survey was applied with a cross-sectional study approach. The study population was families at three villages that are Lambaro Bileu, Lambaet, and Cot Preh of Kuta Baro Primary Health Care. This represents 1,113 families with a sample of 92 families that were selected using a proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The study instrument was a questionnaire and data …

Inpatient And Outpatient Infection As A Trigger Of Cardiovascular Disease: The Aric Study, Logan Cowan, Pamela L. Lutsey, James S. Pankow, Kunihiro Matsushita, Junichi Ishigami, Kamakshi Lakshminarayan

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background

Acute infections are known cardiovascular disease (CVD) triggers, but little is known regarding how CVD risk varies following inpatient versus outpatient infections. We hypothesized that in‐ and outpatient infections are associated with CVD risk and that the association is stronger for inpatient infections.

Methods and Results

Coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke cases were identified and adjudicated in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study). Hospital discharge diagnosis codes and Medicare claims data were used to identify infections diagnosed in in‐ and outpatient settings. A case‐crossover design and conditional logistic regression were used to compare in‐ and outpatient …

In Memoriam: Irina V. Tarasevich, Marina Eremeeva

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Article published in New Microbes and New Infections.

Factors Influencing Immunisation Schedule Adherence And Completion At The Regional Level In The Philippines, Paolo Miguel Manalang Vicerra

Kesmas

Penyebab utama kematian bayi sebagian besar dapat dicegah dan terdapat alasan baik dari sisi suplai maupun permintaan layanan kesehatan hal itu dapat terus berlangsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan memastikan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku layanan kesehatan preventif imunisasi bayi di Filipina yang tepat waktu karena tingkat kelengkapan, atau kepatuhan, telah stabil dalam beberapa dekade terakhir. Metode yang digunakan adalah pembuatan model statistik di tingkat subnasional. Sampel berisi bayi yang lahir sebelum Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Nasional Filipina tahun 2013 untuk menentukan kepatuhan yang tepat terhadap jadwal imunisasi yang dimandatkan oleh pemerintah. Hal ini melibatkan penggabungan 17 wilayah administratif negara ke tiga wilayah …

Husband’S Support For Their Wives In Antenatal Care Visit, Awalia Hanifah, Hadi Pratomo, Giang Hoang

Kesmas

Di wilayah Puskesmas Cimanggis, Kota Depok, cakupan kunjungan antenatal pertama (K1) dan kunjungan ke-4 (K4) sebesar 99,4% (2013) dan 91% (2014). Dukungan suami ibu hamil merupakan salah satu faktor yang berperan penting dalam kunjungan antenatal pada ibu hamil. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai faktor predisposisi, pemungkin dan penguat dari dukungan suami terhadap ANC istrinya dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain Rapid Assessment Procedure. Lima suami dan istrinya yang sedang hamil dipilih sebagai informan serta dua bidan puskesmas sebagai informan kunci. Analisis data menggunakan matriks data kualitatif dan teknik analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor predisposisi, pemungkin dan penguat dari suami …

Influential Host Factors To The Incidence Of Hiv/Aids In Key Populations In Pati District, Dwi Murtono, Puguh Riyanto, Zahroh Shaluhiyah

Kesmas

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dan Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) merupakan penyakit berbahaya di dunia yang salah satu metode penularannya adalah melalui hubungan seksual. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian HIV/AIDS pada populasi kunci. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Maret sampai September 2016. Penelitian analitik observasional dengan rancangan kasus kontrol pada populasi kunci di Kabupaten Pati. Kasus sebanyak 53 pasien positif HIV/AIDS, sedangkan kontrol sebanyak 53 pasien negative HIV/AIDS.Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Data diperoleh dari riwayat medis dan wawancara kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji kai kuadrat pada analisis bivariat dan regresi logistik ganda pada analisis multivariat. …

Web-Based Application To Support Physical Fitness Information Of Elderly People, Yudhy Dharmawan, Suroto Suroto, Priguna Septia Putra

Kesmas

Penduduk lanjut usia (lansia) semakin banyak seiring meningkatnya usia harapan hidup. Banyak upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk mencegah kesakitan di lansia, salah satunya dari aspek preventif dengan menjaga kebugaran para lansia. Untuk memonitor status kebugaran lansia, maka diperlukan aplikasi pemantauan kebugaran jasmani berbasis teknologi web karena tidak ada sistem yang merekam data kebugaran para lansia. Aplikasi ini ditujukan untuk merekam data kebugaran jasmani para lansia untuk merekomendasikan gym yang sesuai berdasarkan kondisi kesehatan yang dapat diakses di mana saja. Aplikasi ini dibuat dengan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MYSQL sebagai pengolahan basis data yang dilengkapi dengan grafik untuk memantau kebugaran jasmaninya. …

Unsafe Behavior Of Workers In Rotary Lathe Section In One Of The Plywood Industries In East Kalimantan, Iwan Muhamad Ramdan, Dyyka Indah Wijayanti

Kesmas

Kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia, dua faktor utama penyebabnya adalah perilaku dan kondisi lingkungan kerja yang tidak aman. Penelitian sebelumnya membuktikan penyebab utamanya adalah faktor perilaku yang tidak aman. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku tidak aman dalam bekerja pada tenaga kerja di PT IAW dan menganalisis faktor yang paling berpengaruh. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada bulan Juli sampai Agustus 2016 terhadap 104 sampel penelitian. Variabel bebas terdiri dari persepsi, komunikasi, pengawasan, ketersediaan alat pelindung diri (APD), pelatihan dan suhu lingkungan kerja. Variabel terikat adalah perilaku tidak aman. Analisis data menggunakan …

The Implementation Of Documentation By Midwives In Pekanbaru, Wan Anita

Kesmas

Dokumentasi kebidanan adalah suatu bukti pencatatan dan pelaporan yang dimiliki oleh bidan dalam melakukan catatan perawatan yang berguna untuk kepentingan pasien, bidan, dan tim kesehatan. Pendokumentasian dapat diterapkan dengan metode Subjektif, Objektif, Analisa dan Perencanaan (SOAP). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pelaksanaan dokumentasi SOAP oleh bidan di Kota Pekanbaru tahun 2016. Penelitian bersifat kuantitatif analitik observasional dengan desain penelitian potong lintang analitik. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh populasi bidan yang praktik mandiri atau di rumah bersalin di Kota Pekanbaru dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 191 bidan yang diambil dengan prosedur systematic random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara langsung dengan …

Direct Experience With Cervical Cancer Patient, Husband Support, And Self-Perception As Determinant Factors Of Women’S Desire To Take Via Screening Test, Nur Anisah Rahmawati, Linda Dewanti

Kesmas

Kanker serviks menyebabkan 10.3% kematian pada perempuan di Indonesia. Inspeksi visual asam asetat (IVA) telah digunakan untuk program skrining sejak tahun 2014 tetapi hanya 2,45 % perempuan yang melakukan pemeriksaan pada tahun 2015. Di tempat penelitian, cakupan skrining metode IVA kurang dari 1%. Penelitian sebelumnya menyebutkan faktor psikososial sebagai satu faktor penting, tetapi sedikit penelitian yang menganalisis peran dukungan suami dan pengalaman langsung dengan penderita kanker serviks. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari hubungan antara pengalaman langsung dengan penderita kanker serviks, dukungan suami, persepsi diri dan keinginan perempuan melakukan skrining IVA. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan secara acak pada perempuan berusia 25-55 tahun …

Adolescent’S Knowledge And Skill To Refuse Drugs, Lucky Herawati, Johan Arief Budiman, Haryono Haryono

Kesmas

Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk mencegah remaja dari penggunaan narkoba, kendatipun evaluasi pengetahuan dan keterampilan remaja menolak narkoba belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 300 remaja, siswa kelas 7 atau setara usia 12-15 tahun di dua kota di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian analitik bertujuan mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, keterampilan remaja menolak narkoba, dan hubungan keduanya dengan karakteristik remaja. Variabel yang diteliti adalah pengetahuan remaja tentang narkoba, keterampilan menolak narkoba, dan karakteristik remaja, yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner (self-reported questionnaire). Data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Pearson dan Spearman rho, dengan tingkat signifikansi 95 persen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai …

Toxic Effects Of Lead Disposal In Water: An Analysis Of Tri Facility Releases, Patrick Koval

Economics Department Working Papers

Using county-level TRI data from 2003 to 2016, I find evidence that lead emissions in water adversely affect birth weights within the emitting county, especially with respect to the percentage of births considered low birth weight within that county (less than 2,500 grams). I find that a one percent increase in lead emissions per square mile increases the proportion of low birth weights by 0.27 percentage points. For a county with an average number of births in a particular year, this one percent increase in lead per square mile translates to an additional $475,000 in hospitalization costs from complications with …

A Case Study Of The Ethanol Cleancook Stove Intervention And Potential Scale-Up In Ethiopia, Megan L. Benka-Coker, Wubshet Tadele, Alex Milano, Desalegn Getaneh, Harry Stokes

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Approximately 80% of Ethiopia's energy consumption is dominated by woody biomass fuel use, resulting in 91.2 million tons of firewood and 4.2 million tons of charcoal consumed annually. Ethiopia's dependency on non-sustainable energy, especially for cooking, has been a major concern for the nation for the past 30 years, contributing to deforestation, climate change, and adverse human health impacts.

Objectives

Our objective was to document the work of Gaia Association and the implementation of the ethanol CleanCook stove in the refugee camp and urban settings of Ethiopia. We then assessed the potential for the scale-up of ethanol as a …

Presence Of Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia Coli In Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents Utilized As Water Reuse For Irrigation, Asli Aslan, Zach A. Coles, Anunay Bhattacharya, Oghenekpaobor Oyibo

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

Providing safe water through water reuse is becoming a global necessity. One concern with water reuse is the introduction of unregulated contaminants to the environment that cannot be easily removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The occurrence of ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli through the treatment stages of a WWTP (raw sewage, post-secondary, post-UV and post-chlorination) was investigated from January to May 2016. The highest concentrations of antibiotic resistant E. coli in the effluent were detected in April after rainfall. Ampicillin-resistant E. coli was the most common at the post UV and chlorination stages comprising 63% of …

Source-Specific Pollution Exposure And Associations With Pulmonary Response In The Atlanta Commuters Exposure Studies, Jenna R. Krall, Chandresh N. Ladva, Armistead G. Russell, Rachel Golan, Xing Peng, Guoliang Shi, Roby Greenwald, Amit U. Raysoni, Lance A. Waller, Jeremy A. Sarnat

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Concentrations of traffic-related air pollutants are frequently higher within commuting vehicles than in ambient air. Pollutants found within vehicles may include those generated by tailpipe exhaust, brake wear, and road dust sources, as well as pollutants from in-cabin sources. Sourcespecific pollution, compared to total pollution, may represent regulation targets that can better protect human health. We estimated source-specific pollution exposures and corresponding pulmonary response in a panel study of commuters. We used constrained positive matrix factorization to estimate source-specific pollution factors and, subsequently, mixed effects models to estimate associations between source-specific pollution and pulmonary response. We identified four pollution factors …

Effect Of Personal Protective Equipment During Pesticide Application To Neurological Symptoms In Farmers In Purworejo District, Indonesia, Fajaria Nurcandra, Renti Mahkota, Siddharudha Shivalli

Kesmas

Agriculture is one of major sectors of Indonesia economic source with the high volume of pesticide used. Unfortunately, adverse health effect of neurotoxic pesticide has never been reported in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine effectiveness of personal protective equipment (PPE) during applied pesticides to neurological symptoms in farmers. This study was cross-sectionally conducted from April to May 2016 in Purworejo District. About 125 farmers were selected using purposive sampling, and restriction was applied in male farmers due to the high proportion of male sprayer. Data was collected by observation and interview. Logistic regression showed protective result of PPE used …

The Influence Of Exclusive Breastfeeding To Emotional Development Of Children Aged 48-60 Months, Yuni Kusmiyati, Sumarah Sumarah, Nurul Dwiawati, Hesty Widyasih, Yani Widyastuti, Khadizah Haji Abdul Mumin

Kesmas

Impaired emotional development is a problem faced by children and this can negatively impact on function, development and readiness of their school. Exclusive breastfeeding is able to meet brain development needs that affect child development. This study aimed to determine correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and emotional development of children aged 48-60 months. This study used historical cohort.The subjects of this study were 7-12-month old infants living in area of Borobudur Primary Health Care Primary Health Care, Central Java Province, Indonesia in 2011-2012. Independent variable of exclusive breastfeeding was when infants received only breast milk without any supplementary food or drink …

Larvicidal Effect Of Mixture Of Beauveria Bassiana Crude Metabolite And Chitinase Enzyme Against Aedes Aegypti Larvae, Dyah Widiastuti, Bina Ikawati, Upik Kesumawati Hadi

Kesmas

Aedes aegypti is a major vector of dengue, a deadly disease causing deaths of millions of people in developing countries, both in urban and rural populations. Aedes aegypti control with chemical insecticide is widely used, and affects on a widespread insecticide resistance. Mosquito biological control was needed to replace the use of chemical insecticide. This study aimed to evaluate larvicidal effect of mixture of Beauveria bassiana crude metabolite and chitinase enzyme against Aedes aegypti larvae. An experimental study using completely Randomized Design was conducted in March-April 2016 at Banjarnegara Research and Development Unit for Zoonosis Control. Biolarvacide formula was made …

Determinants Of Tourism And Hiv/Aids Incidence In West Java, Cecep Heriana, Rossi Suparman, Sohel Rana, Dera Sukmanawati

Kesmas

Indonesia defined as tourist destination where the international and domestic tourists enjoy the tourist attractions. Prostitution existing in tourism place may increase the prevalence of HIV/AIDS. The incidence and spread of AIDS in many areas in West Java is a problem for tourism industry. These issues become acute in locations where sexual attraction is used as a determinant of tourist portability. The aim of this study was to determine relation between tourism and the incidence of HIV/AIDS in West Java. Non-reactive research design was used to collect secondary data from the Central Bureau of Statistics in 2016 from 26 districts/cities …

Implementation Of Prevention Of Mother To Child Transmission Of Hiv Program In South Jakarta, Fase Badriah, Minsarnawati Tahangnacca, Raihana Alkaff, Takeru Abe, Laily Hanifah

Kesmas

Even though Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) program has been running in Indonesia since 2006, the proportion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women remains high in some districts in Indonesia. The PMTCT program aims to reduce transmission of HIV from mother to child. Thus it requires an examination of the PMTCT program implementation. The study was a qualitative study on PMTCT program implementation in South Jakarta, Indonesia, whereas the proportion of children with HIV positive in the area was quite high. The analysis used domain analysis by looking the implementation of PMTCT as a system consisting of …

Perceived Stigma In People Affected By Leprosy In Leprosy Village Of Sinatala, Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia, Erni Astutik, Dwi Gayatri

Kesmas

Leprosy is a disease of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) which becomes a global problem and causes the perceived stigma in people affected by leprosy. This study aimed to determine most dominant factors affecting perceived stigma in people affected by leprosy in leprosy village of Sitanala, Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia. The data used was secondary data taken from cross-sectional survey of a thesis which determined factors related to perceived stigma of leprosy in leprosy village of Sitanala, Tangerang, Indonesia. Samples were selected by purposive sampling. The results of the study showed that factors related to perceived stigma were level of …

Food Hygiene And Sanitation In Six Food Providers At University X, South Sumatra, Yul Isnadi, Tan Malaka, Hatta Dahlan, Novrikasari Novrikasari

Kesmas

Food provider at university is one of places that needs to implement standards of food hygiene and sanitation (FHS). This study aimed to evaluate and analyze practices of FHS based on Regulation of Health Minister No. 1098 of 2003 and best practices in six food providers at University X. This study used mixed method evaluation with sequential explanatory design through two stages. Stage I was in forms of assessment on six food providers, food handlers and laboratory examination on food and beverage samples as well as on eating utensils. Stage II was in form of focus group discussion (FGD) to …

Factors Causing Contraceptive Acceptors Drop Out, Mufdlilah Mufdlilah, Kanthi Aryekti

Kesmas

Family planning program has a very strategic, comprehensive and fundamental meaning in creating a healthy and prosperous Indonesian human being. However, recently the incidence of drop out is quite high for several reasons. This study was conducted to determine the influential factors that cause acceptors to drop out. It is descriptive research. The populations in the study were contraceptive acceptors who dropped out for 3 consecutive months, and not being pregnant. The numbers of sample were 100 people. The data collection employed closed and open questionnaires; data presented in descriptive form. Influential factors of drop out contraceptive acceptors due to …

Radical Social Ecology As Deep Pragmatism: A Call To The Abolition Of Systemic Dissonance And The Minimization Of Entropic Chaos, Arielle Brender

Student Theses 2015-Present

This paper aims to shed light on the dissonance caused by the superimposition of Dominant Human Systems on Natural Systems. I highlight the synthetic nature of Dominant Human Systems as egoic and linguistic phenomenon manufactured by a mere portion of the human population, which renders them inherently oppressive unto peoples and landscapes whose wisdom were barred from the design process. In pursuing a radical pragmatic approach to mending the simultaneous oppression and destruction of the human being and the earth, I highlight the necessity of minimizing entropic chaos caused by excess energy expenditure, an essential feature of systems that aim …