COVID-19 Commons^™

Describing Characteristics Of Adults With And Without Congenital Heart Defects Hospitalized With Covid-19, Perla Diaz, Will Coughlin, Wilson Lam, Peter Ermis, David Aguilar, Cecilia M Ganduglia Cazaban, A J Agopian

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: We sought to describe patient characteristics in adults with and without congenital heart defects (CHDs) during hospitalization for COVID-19.

METHODS: We analyzed data collected by Optum®, a nationally representative database of electronic medical records, for 369 adults with CHDs and 41,578 without CHDs hospitalized for COVID-19 between January 1, 2020, and December 10, 2020. We used Poisson regression to describe and compare epidemiologic characteristics, heart-related conditions, and severe outcomes between these two groups.

RESULTS: The distributions of many epidemiologic characteristics were similar between the two groups, but patients with CHDs were significantly more likely to be current or former …

Social And Demographic Disparities In The Severity Of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children, Fabio Savorgnan, Sebastian Acosta, Alexander Alali, Axel Moreira, Ananth Annapragada, Craig G Rusin, Saul Flores, Rohit S Loomba, Alvaro Moreira

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Social constructs are known risk factors for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. A review of 206 patients demonstrated that children who were non-Hispanic Black, over the age of 12 years or living in a disadvantaged neighborhood associated with severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (intensive care unit admission, intubation and/or vasopressor use).

Sars-Cov-2 Infection Increases Risk Of Acute Kidney Injury In A Bimodal Age Distribution, Erica C Bjornstad, Gary Cutter, Pramod Guru, Shina Menon, Isabella Aldana, Scott House, Nancy M Tofil, Catherine A St Hill, Yasir Tarabichi, Valerie M Banner-Goodspeed, Amy B Christie, Surapaneni Krishna Mohan, Devang Sanghavi, Jarrod M Mosier, Girish Vadgaonkar, Allan J Walkey, Rahul Kashyap, Vishakha K Kumar, Vikas Bansal, Karen Boman, Mayank Sharma, Marija Bogojevic, Neha Deo, Lynn Retford, Ognjen Gajic, Katja M Gist, Sccm Discovery Virus Investigators Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV2 develop acute kidney injury (AKI) frequently, yet gaps remain in understanding why adults seem to have higher rates compared to children. Our objectives were to evaluate the epidemiology of SARS-CoV2-related AKI across the age spectrum and determine if known risk factors such as illness severity contribute to its pattern.

METHODS: Secondary analysis of ongoing prospective international cohort registry. AKI was defined by KDIGO-creatinine only criteria. Log-linear, logistic and generalized estimating equations assessed odds ratios (OR), risk differences (RD), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for AKI and mortality adjusting for sex, pre-existing comorbidities, race/ethnicity, illness severity, …

Efficacy And Safety Of Covid-19 Convalescent Plasma In Hospitalized Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Mila B Ortigoza, Hyunah Yoon, Keith S Goldfeld, Andrea B Troxel, Johanna P Daily, Yinxiang Wu, Yi Li, Danni Wu, Gia F Cobb, Gillian Baptiste, Mary O'Keeffe, Marilou O Corpuz, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Amee Amin, Ioannis M Zacharioudakis, Dushyantha T Jayaweera, Yanyun Wu, Julie V Philley, Megan S Devine, Mahalia S Desruisseaux, Alessandro D Santin, Shweta Anjan, Reeba Mathew, Bela Patel, Masayuki Nigo, Rabi Upadhyay, Tania Kupferman, Andrew N Dentino, Rahul Nanchal, Christian A Merlo, David N Hager, Kartik Chandran, Jonathan R Lai, Johanna Rivera, Chowdhury R Bikash, Gorka Lasso, Timothy P Hilbert, Monika Paroder, Andrea A Asencio, Mengling Liu, Eva Petkova, Alexander Bragat, Reza Shaker, David D Mcpherson, Ralph L Sacco, Marla J Keller, Corita R Grudzen, Judith S Hochman, Liise-Anne Pirofski, Lalitha Parameswaran, Anthony T Corcoran, Abhinav Rohatgi, Marta W Wronska, Xinyuan Wu, Ranjini Srinivasan, Fang-Ming Deng, Thomas D Filardo, Jay Pendse, Simone B Blaser, Olga Whyte, Jacqueline M Gallagher, Ololade E Thomas, Danibel Ramos, Caroline L Sturm-Reganato, Charlotte C Fong, Ivy M Daus, Arianne Gisselle Payoen, Joseph T Chiofolo, Mark T Friedman, Ding Wen Wu, Jessica L Jacobson, Jeffrey G Schneider, Uzma N Sarwar, Henry E Wang, Ryan M Huebinger, Goutham Dronavalli, Yu Bai, Carolyn Z Grimes, Karen W Eldin, Virginia E Umana, Jessica G Martin, Timothy R Heath, Fatimah O Bello, Daru Lane Ransford, Maudry Laurent-Rolle, Sheela V Shenoi, Oscar Bate Akide-Ndunge, Bipin Thapa, Jennifer L Peterson, Kelly Knauf, Shivani U Patel, Laura L Cheney, Christopher A Tormey, Jeanne E Hendrickson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: There is clinical equipoise for COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) use in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and efficacy of CCP compared with placebo in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 receiving noninvasive supplemental oxygen.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: CONTAIN COVID-19, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of CCP in hospitalized adults with COVID-19, was conducted at 21 US hospitals from April 17, 2020, to March 15, 2021. The trial enrolled 941 participants who were hospitalized for 3 or less days or presented 7 or less days after symptom onset and required noninvasive oxygen supplementation.

INTERVENTIONS: A unit of …

Characterizing Cancer And Covid-19 Outcomes Using Electronic Health Records, Youngran Kim, Liang Zhu, Huili Zhu, Xiaojin Li, Yan Huang, Chunhui Gu, Heather Bush, Caroline Chung, Guo-Qiang Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Patients with cancer often have compromised immune system which can lead to worse COVID-19 outcomes. The purpose of this study is to assess the association between COVID-19 outcomes and existing cancer-specific characteristics.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients aged 18 or older with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between June 1, 2020, and December 31, 2020, were identified (n = 314 004) from the Optum® de-identified COVID-19 Electronic Health Record (EHR) derived from more than 700 hospitals and 7000 clinics in the United States. To allow sufficient observational time, patients with less than one year of medical history in the EHR dataset before their …

Crisis Preparedness In Acute And Intensive Treatment Settings: Lessons Learned From A Year Of Covid-19, Jarrod M Leffler, Cassandra L Esposito, Elisabeth A Frazier, Michelle A Patriquin, Meredith K Reiman, Alysha D Thompson, Carl Waitz

Staff and Researcher Publications

The impact of COVID-19 changed the use and delivery of health care services, requiring an abrupt shift in treatment and staffing models 1,2. This is particularly salient in youth acute and intensive treatment services (AITS), including inpatient psychiatric hospitals (IPH), intensive outpatient programs (IOP), and partial hospitalization programs (PHP), because of challenging issues of maintaining high-quality care and a safe therapeutic milieu during increased demand for acute services,3 all while limiting transmission of COVID-19 on locked units, in close quarters, and for youths traveling back and forth to day-programs. Over the past year, AITS adapted and evolved without the ability …

Secondary Bacterial Pneumonias And Bloodstream Infections In Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19, Max W Adelman, Divya R Bhamidipati, Alfonso C Hernandez-Romieu, Ahmed Babiker, Michael H Woodworth, Chad Robichaux, David J Murphy, Sara C Auld, Colleen S Kraft, Jesse T Jacob

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Coronavirus Disease-19 And Cardiovascular Disease: A Risk Factor Or A Risk Marker?, Jing Liu, Salim S Virani, Mahboob Alam, Ali E Denktas, Ihab Hamzeh, Umair Khalid

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 causes the clinical syndrome of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) which has become a global pandemic resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. While the virus primarily affects the respiratory system, it also causes a wide variety of complex cardiac manifestations such as acute myopericarditis, acute coronary syndrome, congested heart failure, cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrhythmias. There are numerous proposed mechanisms of cardiac injury, including direct cellular injury, pro-inflammatory cytokine storm, myocardial oxygen-demand mismatch, and systemic inflammation causing multi-organ failure. Additionally, medications commonly used to treat COVID-19 patients have various cardiovascular side effects. We aim to …

Coronavirus Disease-19 And Cardiovascular Disease: A Risk Factor Or A Risk Marker?, Jing Liu, Salim S Virani, Mahboob Alam, Ali E Denktas, Ihab Hamzeh, Umair Khalid

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 causes the clinical syndrome of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) which has become a global pandemic resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. While the virus primarily affects the respiratory system, it also causes a wide variety of complex cardiac manifestations such as acute myopericarditis, acute coronary syndrome, congested heart failure, cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrhythmias. There are numerous proposed mechanisms of cardiac injury, including direct cellular injury, pro-inflammatory cytokine storm, myocardial oxygen-demand mismatch, and systemic inflammation causing multi-organ failure. Additionally, medications commonly used to treat COVID-19 patients have various cardiovascular side effects. We aim to …

Tocilizumab In Hospitalized Patients With Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia, Ivan O Rosas, Norbert Bräu, Michael Waters, Ronaldo C Go, Bradley D Hunter, Sanjay Bhagani, Daniel Skiest, Mariam S Aziz, Nichola Cooper, Ivor S Douglas, Sinisa Savic, Taryn Youngstein, Lorenzo Del Sorbo, Antonio Cubillo Gracian, David J De La Zerda, Andrew Ustianowski, Min Bao, Sophie Dimonaco, Emily Graham, Balpreet Matharu, Helen Spotswood, Larry Tsai, Atul Malhotra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is associated with immune dysregulation and hyperinflammation, including elevated interleukin-6 levels. The use of tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 receptor, has resulted in better outcomes in patients with severe Covid-19 pneumonia in case reports and retrospective observational cohort studies. Data are needed from randomized, placebo-controlled trials.

METHODS: In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients who were hospitalized with severe Covid-19 pneumonia in a 2:1 ratio receive a single intravenous infusion of tocilizumab (at a dose of 8 mg per kilogram of body weight) or placebo. Approximately one quarter of the participants …