COVID-19 Commons^™

Cancer Patients' Preferences And Perceptions Of Advantages And Disadvantages Of Telehealth Visits During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Deepika Kumar, Nancy Gordon, Constanza Zamani, Tammy Sheehan, Ernesto Martin, Olga Egorova, Jessica Payne, Tatjana Kolevska, Elad Neeman, Raymond Liu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: We aimed to ascertain oncology patients' perceptions of telehealth versus in-person (IP) visits for different types of clinical encounters.

METHODS: We surveyed adults undergoing cancer treatment at Kaiser Permanente Northern California infusion centers between November 2021 and May 2022 using a self-administered questionnaire. Patients were asked about visit modality preferences (video, phone, and IP) for six types of clinical discussions, overall advantages and disadvantages of telehealth (video or phone) versus IP modalities, and barriers to video visit use.

RESULTS: The 839 patients who completed surveys in English were 63% female; median age 63 years; 64% White; and 73% college-educated …

Current Curricular Trends After The Covid-19 Pandemic: A National Survey Of Psychiatry Residency Programs, Jeff Wang Jin, Kacy Smith, Amanda Helminiak, Vineeth John, Hanjing Emily Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many psychiatry residencies (academic, community, and hybrid programs) have adopted different learning modalities to preserve a high quality of educational training. There is minimal data on specific program adaptations, related change perspectives, and program type stratification. This study sought to examine trends in curriculum changes in accredited psychiatry residency programs in the United States.

METHODS: Program directors of accredited general psychiatry programs in the United States were surveyed to assess both general program details and changes in educational content, delivery, and perspectives with regard to program curricula.

RESULTS: A total of 63 program directors out …

Global Blood Pressure Screening During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Results From The May Measurement Month 2021 Campaign, Thomas Beaney, Wei Wang, Markus P Schlaich, Aletta E Schutte, George S Stergiou, Luis Alcocer, Jafar Alsaid, Alejandro Bimbo Diaz, Rafael Hernandez-Hernandez, Mohammad Ishaq, Jacek Jozwiak, Nadia Khan, Gaia Kiru, Harsha Mccardle, Augustine Nonso Odili, Wook Bum Pyun, Cesar A Romero, Jiguang Wang, Neil R Poulter, Mmm Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Raised blood pressure (BP) remains the biggest risk factor contributing to the global burden of disease and mortality, despite the COVID-19 pandemic. May Measurement Month (MMM), an annual global screening campaign aims to highlight the importance of BP measurement by evaluating global awareness, treatment and control rates among adults with hypertension. In 2021, we assessed the global burden of these rates during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: Screening sites were set up in 54 countries between May and November 2021 and screenees were recruited by convenience sampling. Three sitting BPs were measured, and a questionnaire completed including demographic, lifestyle and …

Interstitial Lung Abnormalities After Hospitalization For Covid-19 In Patients With Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study, Sungryong Noh, Christopher Bertini, Isabel Mira-Avendano, Maryam Kaous, Bela Patel, Saadia A Faiz, Vickie R Shannon, Diwakar D Balachandran, Lara Bashoura, Roberto Adachi, Scott E Evans, Burton Dickey, Carol Wu, Girish S Shroff, Joanna-Grace Manzano, Bruno Granwehr, Shannon Holloway, Kodwo Dickson, Alyssa Mohammed, Mayoora Muthu, Hui Song, Caroline Chung, Jia Wu, Lyndon Lee, Ying Jiang, Fareed Khawaja, Ajay Sheshadri

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Survivors of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia often develop persistent respiratory symptom and interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) after infection. Risk factors for ILA development and duration of ILA persistence after SARS-CoV-2 infection are not well described in immunocompromised hosts, such as cancer patients.

METHODS: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 95 patients at a major cancer center and 45 patients at a tertiary referral center. We collected clinical and radiographic data during the index hospitalization for COVID-19 pneumonia and measured pneumonia severity using a semi-quantitative radiographic score, the Radiologic Severity Index (RSI). Patients were evaluated in post-COVID-19 clinics at 3 and …

The Prevalence Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Racial And Ethnic Minority Adolescents During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Chinenye Lynette Ejezie, Lara S Savas, Casey Durand, Ross Shegog, Paula Cuccaro

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among adolescents has steadily improved over the past several years. However, research conducted to determine whether the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted this positive trend in HPV vaccine initiation among racial and ethnic minority adolescents is limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine if the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting changes in the US health-care sector affected the increasing HPV vaccine initiation among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic adolescents aged 13-17 years.

METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design to examine data from the National Immunization Survey-Teen (2019-2021), logistic regression and moderation analysis were used to model race-specific variations …

Automated Lung Ultrasound Pulmonary Disease Quantification Using An Unsupervised Machine Learning Technique For Covid-19, Hersh Sagreiya, Michael A Jacobs, Alireza Akhbardeh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

COVID-19 is an ongoing global health pandemic. Although COVID-19 can be diagnosed with various tests such as PCR, these tests do not establish pulmonary disease burden. Whereas point-of-care lung ultrasound (POCUS) can directly assess the severity of characteristic pulmonary findings of COVID-19, the advantage of using US is that it is inexpensive, portable, and widely available for use in many clinical settings. For automated assessment of pulmonary findings, we have developed an unsupervised learning technique termed the calculated lung ultrasound (CLU) index. The CLU can quantify various types of lung findings, such as A or B lines, consolidations, and pleural …

Prevalence Of Symptoms ≤12 Months After Acute Illness, By Covid-19 Testing Status Among Adults — United States, December 2020–March 2023, Juan Carlos C Montoy, James Ford, Huihui Yu, Michael Gottlieb, Dana Morse, Michelle Santangelo, Kelli N O'Laughlin, Kevin Schaeffer, Pamela Logan, Kristin Rising, Mandy J Hill, Lauren E Wisk, Wafah Salah, Ahamed H Idris, Ryan M Huebinger, Erica S Spatz, Robert M Rodriguez, Robin E Klabbers, Kristyn Gatling, Ralph C Wang, Joann G Elmore, Samuel A Mcdonald, Kari A Stephens, Robert A Weinstein, Arjun K Venkatesh, Sharon Saydah, Innovative Support For Patients With Sars-Cov-2 Infections Registry (Inspire) Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

To further the understanding of post-COVID conditions, and provide a more nuanced description of symptom progression, resolution, emergence, and reemergence after SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-like illness, analysts examined data from the Innovative Support for Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections Registry (INSPIRE), a prospective multicenter cohort study. This report includes analysis of data on self-reported symptoms collected from 1,296 adults with COVID-like illness who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using a Food and Drug Administration-approved polymerase chain reaction or antigen test at the time of enrollment and reported symptoms at 3-month intervals for 12 months. Prevalence of any symptom decreased substantially between baseline …

Pediatric Firearm Injury Epidemiology At A Level 1 Trauma Center From 2019 To 2021: Including Time Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Cynthia Orantes, Hei Kit Chan, Daniel Walter, Summer Chavez, Irma T Ugalde

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Firearms are a leading cause of death in children. The demand for firearms increased following COVID-19 "stay-at home orders" in March 2020, resulting in record-breaking firearm sales and background checks. We aim to describe the changes in pediatric firearm-related injuries, demographics, and associated risk factors at a Level 1 trauma center in Houston before and during the COVID 19 pandemic.

RESULTS: The total number of pediatric firearm-related injury cases increased during March 15th to December 31st, 2020 and 2021 compared to the same time period in 2019 (104 verses 89 verses 78). The demographic group most affected across years …

Postoperative Respiratory Complications In Sars-Cov-2 Positive Pediatric Patients Across 20 United States Hospitals: A Cohort Study, Audra J Reiter, Martha-Conley E Ingram, Mehul V Raval, Elisa Garcia, Madelyn Hill, Arturo Aranda, Nicole M Chandler, Raquel Gonzalez, Kristen Born, Shale Mack, Abdulraouf Lamoshi, Aaron M Lipskar, Xiao-Yue Han, Elizabeth Fialkowski, Brianna Spencer, Afif N Kulaylat, Amrene Barde, Ami N Shah, Maeva Adoumie, Erica Gross, Steven C Mehl, Monica E Lopez, Valerie Polcz, Moiz M Mustafa, Jeffrey W Gander, Travis M Sullivan, Jason P Sulkowski, Owais Ghani, Eunice Y Huang, David Rothstein, E Peter Muenks, Shawn D St Peter, Jason C Fisher, Dina Levy-Lambert, Allison Reichl, Romeo C Ignacio, Bethany J Slater, Kuojen Tsao, Loren Berman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Data examining rates of postoperative complications among SARS-CoV-2 positive children are limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 positive status on postoperative respiratory outcomes for children.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included SARS-CoV-2 positive pediatric patients across 20 hospitals who underwent general anesthesia from March to October 2020. The primary outcome was frequency of postoperative respiratory complications, including: high-flow nasal cannula/non invasive ventilation, reintubation, pneumonia, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), and 30-day respiratory-related readmissions or emergency department (ED) visits. Univariate analyses were used to evaluate associations between patient and procedure characteristics …

Abatacept, Cenicriviroc, Or Infliximab For Treatment Of Adults Hospitalized With Covid-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Jane A O'Halloran, Emily R Ko, Kevin J Anstrom, Eyal Kedar, Matthew W Mccarthy, Reynold A Panettieri, Martin Maillo, Patricia Segura Nunez, Anne M Lachiewicz, Cynthia Gonzalez, P Brian Smith, Sabina Mendivil-Tuchia De Tai, Akram Khan, Alfredo J Mena Lora, Matthias Salathe, Gerardo Capo, Daniel Rodríguez Gonzalez, Thomas F Patterson, Christopher Palma, Horacio Ariza, Maria Patelli Lima, John Blamoun, Esteban C Nannini, Eduardo Sprinz, Analia Mykietiuk, Radica Alicic, Adriana M Rauseo, Cameron R Wolfe, Britta Witting, Jennifer P Wang, Luis Parra-Rodriguez, Tatyana Der, Kate Willsey, Jun Wen, Adam Silverstein, Sean M O'Brien, Hussein R Al-Khalidi, Michael A Maldonado, Richard Melsheimer, William G Ferguson, Steven E Mcnulty, Pearl Zakroysky, Susan Halabi, Daniel K Benjamin, Sandra Butler, Jane C Atkinson, Stacey J Adam, Soju Chang, Lisa Lavange, Michael Proschan, Samuel A Bozzette, William G Powderly, Activ-1 Im Study Group Members

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Immune dysregulation contributes to poorer outcomes in COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether abatacept, cenicriviroc, or infliximab provides benefit when added to standard care for COVID-19 pneumonia.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial using a master protocol to investigate immunomodulators added to standard care for treatment of participants hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia. The results of 3 substudies are reported from 95 hospitals at 85 clinical research sites in the US and Latin America. Hospitalized patients 18 years or older with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 14 days and evidence of pulmonary involvement underwent randomization between October 2020 and …

Abatacept, Cenicriviroc, Or Infliximab For Treatment Of Adults Hospitalized With Covid-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Jane A O'Halloran, Emily R Ko, Kevin J Anstrom, Eyal Kedar, Matthew W Mccarthy, Reynold A Panettieri, Martin Maillo, Patricia Segura Nunez, Anne M Lachiewicz, Cynthia Gonzalez, P Brian Smith, Sabina Mendivil-Tuchia De Tai, Akram Khan, Alfredo J Mena Lora, Matthias Salathe, Gerardo Capo, Daniel Rodríguez Gonzalez, Thomas F Patterson, Christopher Palma, Horacio Ariza, Maria Patelli Lima, John Blamoun, Esteban C Nannini, Eduardo Sprinz, Analia Mykietiuk, Radica Alicic, Adriana M Rauseo, Cameron R Wolfe, Britta Witting, Jennifer P Wang, Luis Parra-Rodriguez, Tatyana Der, Kate Willsey, Jun Wen, Adam Silverstein, Sean M O'Brien, Hussein R Al-Khalidi, Michael A Maldonado, Richard Melsheimer, William G Ferguson, Steven E Mcnulty, Pearl Zakroysky, Susan Halabi, Daniel K Benjamin, Sandra Butler, Jane C Atkinson, Stacey J Adam, Soju Chang, Lisa Lavange, Michael Proschan, Samuel A Bozzette, William G Powderly

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Immune dysregulation contributes to poorer outcomes in COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether abatacept, cenicriviroc, or infliximab provides benefit when added to standard care for COVID-19 pneumonia.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial using a master protocol to investigate immunomodulators added to standard care for treatment of participants hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia. The results of 3 substudies are reported from 95 hospitals at 85 clinical research sites in the US and Latin America. Hospitalized patients 18 years or older with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 14 days and evidence of pulmonary involvement underwent randomization between October 2020 and …

Psychosocial Impacts Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Women With Spinal Cord Injury, Heather B Taylor, Rosemary B Hughes, Diana Gonzalez, Muna Bhattarai, Susan Robinson-Whelen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study represents the first known research addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women with spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States. Women in this population face unique barriers that put them at elevated risk for compromised quality of life, risk that was magnified by physical and social restrictions imposed during the pandemic. This qualitative study examined the perceptions of women with SCI and the effect of the pandemic on their lives. The predominantly White and relatively well-educated sample of 105 women with traumatic SCI was diverse in age, injury characteristics, and geographic representation. Recruited across the …

An Observational Study To Develop A Predictive Model For Bacterial Pneumonia Diagnosis In Severe Covid-19 Patients-C19-Pneumoscore, Eloisa Sofia Tanzarella, Joel Vargas, Marco Menghini, Stefania Postorino, Francesca Pozzana, Maria Sole Vallecoccia, Francesco Lorenzo De Matteis, Federico Franchi, Amato Infante, Luigi Larosa, Maria Antonietta Mazzei, Salvatore Lucio Cutuli, Domenico Luca Grieco, Alessandra Bisanti, Simone Carelli, Gianmarco Lombardi, Edoardo Piervincenzi, Gabriele Pintaudi, Tommaso Pirronti, Mario Tumbarello, Massimo Antonelli, Gennaro De Pascale

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In COVID-19 patients, antibiotics overuse is still an issue. A predictive scoring model for the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia at intensive care unit (ICU) admission would be a useful stewardship tool. We performed a multicenter observational study including 331 COVID-19 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation at ICU admission; 179 patients with bacterial pneumonia; and 152 displaying negative lower-respiratory samplings. A multivariable logistic regression model was built to identify predictors of pulmonary co-infections, and a composite risk score was developed using β-coefficients. We identified seven variables as predictors of bacterial pneumonia: vaccination status (OR 7.01; 95% CI, 1.73-28.39); chronic kidney disease …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On The Financial Performance Of Largest Teaching Hospitals, Karima Lalani, Jeffrey Helton, Francine R Vega, Marylou Cardenas-Turanzas, Tiffany Champagne-Langabeer, James R Langabeer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted hospital operations. Anecdotal evidence suggests financial performance likewise suffered, yet little empirical research supports this claim. This study aimed to explore the impact of the pandemic on the financial performance of the most prominent academic hospitals in the United States. Data from the 115 largest major teaching hospitals in the United States were extracted from the American Hospital Directory for three years (2019-2021). We hypothesized that the year and region would moderate the relationship between a hospital's return on assets (financial performance) and specific operational variables. We found evidence through descriptive statistics and multivariate moderated regressions …

Clinical And Demographic Factors Associated With Covid-19, Severe Covid-19, And Sars-Cov-2 Infection In Adults: A Secondary Cross-Protocol Analysis Of 4 Randomized Clinical Trials, Deborah A Theodore, Angela R Branche, Lily Zhang, Daniel S Graciaa, Madhu Choudhary, Timothy J Hatlen, Raadhiya Osman, Tara M Babu, Samuel T Robinson, Peter B Gilbert, Dean Follmann, Holly Janes, James G Kublin, Lindsey R Baden, Paul Goepfert, Glenda E Gray, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Karen L Kotloff, Cynthia L Gay, Brett Leav, Jacqueline Miller, Ian Hirsch, Jerald Sadoff, Lisa M Dunkle, Kathleen M Neuzil, Lawrence Corey, Ann R Falsey, Hana M El Sahly, Magdalena E Sobieszczyk, Yunda Huang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Current data identifying COVID-19 risk factors lack standardized outcomes and insufficiently control for confounders.

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with COVID-19, severe COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 infection.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This secondary cross-protocol analysis included 4 multicenter, international, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled, COVID-19 vaccine efficacy trials with harmonized protocols established by the COVID-19 Prevention Network. Individual-level data from participants randomized to receive placebo within each trial were combined and analyzed. Enrollment began July 2020 and the last data cutoff was in July 2021. Participants included adults in stable health, at risk for SARS-CoV-2, and assigned to the placebo group …

Trends And Seasonality Of Emergency Department Visits And Hospitalizations For Suicidality Among Children And Adolescents In The Us From 2016 To 2021, Youngran Kim, Trudy Millard Krause, Scott D Lane

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: The detection of seasonal patterns in suicidality should be of interest to clinicians and US public health officials, as intervention efforts can benefit by targeting periods of heightened risk.

OBJECTIVES: to examine recent trends in suicidality rates, quantify the seasonality in suicidality, and demonstrate the disrupted seasonality patterns during the spring 2020 COVID-19-related school closures among US children and adolescents.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based, descriptive cross-sectional study used administrative claims data from Optum's deidentifed Clinformatics Data Mart Database. Participants included children aged 10 to 12 years and adolescents aged 13 to 18 years who were commercially insured …

Differentially Expressed Genes In Dental Pulp Tissues Of Individuals With Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis With And Without History Of Covid-19, Han Na Cho, Leticia Chaves De Souza, Cleverick Johnson, John R Klein, Timothy C Kirkpatrick, Renato Silva, Ariadne Letra

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Increased levels of proinflammatory markers have been reported in tissues of individuals with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). We hypothesize that inflamed dental pulp tissues of individuals with previous history of COVID-19 may present a differential inflammatory gene expression profile in comparison with individuals who never had COVID-19.

Materials and methods: Dental pulp tissues were collected from 27 individuals referred for endodontic treatment due to symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Of these, 16 individuals had a history of COVID-19 (6 months to 1 year post infection) and 11 individuals had no previous history of COVID-19 (controls). Total RNA from pulp tissue samples …

Management Of Pediatric Appendicitis During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide Multicenter Cohort Study, Brittany Hegde, Elisa Garcia, Andrew Hu, Mehul Raval, Sanyu Takirambudde, Derek Wakeman, Ruth Lewit, Ankush Gosain, Raphael H Parrado, Robert A Cina, Krista Stephenson, Melvin S Dassinger, Daniel Zhang, Moiz M Mustafa, Donna Koo, Aaron M Lipskar, Katherine Scheidler, Kyle J Van Arendonk, Patrick Berg, Raquel Gonzalez, Daniel Scheese, Jeffrey Haynes, Alexander Mina, Irving J Zamora, Monica E Lopez, Steven C Mehl, Elizabeth Gilliam, Katrina Lofberg, Brianna Spencer, Afif N Kulaylat, Brian C Gulack, Matthew Johnson, Matthew Laskovy, Pavan Brahmamdam, Aoi Shimomura, Therese Blanch, Kuojen Tsao, Bethany J Slater

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted timely access to care for children, including patients with appendicitis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on management of appendicitis and patient outcomes.

METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study was performed including 19 children's hospitals from April 2019-October 2020 of children (age≤18 years) diagnosed with appendicitis. Groups were defined by each hospital's city/state stay-at-home orders (SAHO), designating patients as Pre-COVID (Pre-SAHO) or COVID (Post-SAHO). Demographic, treatment, and outcome data were obtained, and univariate and multivariable analysis was performed.

RESULTS: Of 6,014 patients, 2,413 (40.1%) presented during the COVID-19 pandemic. More …

Researching Covid To Enhance Recovery (Recover) Adult Study Protocol: Rationale, Objectives, And Design, Leora I Horwitz, Tanayott Thaweethai, Shari B Brosnahan, Mine S Cicek, Megan L Fitzgerald, Jason D Goldman, Rachel Hess, S L Hodder, Vanessa L Jacoby, Michael R Jordan, Jerry A Krishnan, Adeyinka O Laiyemo, Torri D Metz, Lauren Nichols, Rachel E Patzer, Anisha Sekar, Nora G Singer, Lauren E Stiles, Barbara S Taylor, Shifa Ahmed, Heather A Algren, Khamal Anglin, Lisa Aponte-Soto, Hassan Ashktorab, Ingrid V Bassett, Brahmchetna Bedi, Nahid Bhadelia, Christian Bime, Marie-Abele C Bind, Lora J Black, Andra L Blomkalns, Hassan Brim, Mario Castro, James Chan, Alexander W Charney, Benjamin K Chen, Li Qing Chen, Peter Chen, David Chestek, Lori B Chibnik, Dominic C Chow, Helen Y Chu, Rebecca G Clifton, Shelby Collins, Maged M Costantine, Sushma K Cribbs, Steven G Deeks, John D Dickinson, Sarah E Donohue, Matthew S Durstenfeld, Ivette F Emery, Kristine M Erlandson, Julio C Facelli, Rachael Farah-Abraham, Aloke V Finn, Melinda S Fischer, Valerie J Flaherman, Judes Fleurimont, Vivian Fonseca, Emily J Gallagher, Jennifer C Gander, Maria Laura Gennaro, Kelly S Gibson, Minjoung Go, Steven N Goodman, Joey P Granger, Frank L Greenway, John W Hafner, Jenny E Han, Michelle S Harkins, Kristine S P Hauser, James R Heath, Carla R Hernandez, On Ho, Matthew K Hoffman, Susan E Hoover, Carol R Horowitz, Harvey Hsu, Priscilla Y Hsue, Brenna L Hughes, Prasanna Jagannathan, Judith A James, Janice John, Sarah Jolley, S E Judd, Joy J Juskowich, Diane G Kanjilal, Elizabeth W Karlson, Stuart D Katz, J Daniel Kelly, Sara W Kelly, Arthur Y Kim, John P Kirwan, Kenneth S Knox, Andre Kumar, Michelle F Lamendola-Essel, Margaret Lanca, Joyce K Lee-Lannotti, R Craig Lefebvre, Bruce D Levy, Janet Y Lin, Brian P Logarbo, Jennifer K Logue, Michele T Longo, Carlos A Luciano, Karen Lutrick, Shahdi K Malakooti, Gail Mallett, Gabrielle Maranga, Jai G Marathe, Vincent C Marconi, Gailen D Marshall, Christopher F Martin, Jeffrey N Martin, Heidi T May, Grace A Mccomsey, Dylan Mcdonald, Hector Mendez-Figueroa, Lucio Miele, Murray A Mittleman, Sindhu Mohandas, Christian Mouchati, Janet M Mullington, Girish N Nadkarni, Erica R Nahin, Robert B Neuman, Lisa T Newman, Amber Nguyen, Janko Z Nikolich, Igho Ofotokun, Princess U Ogbogu, Anna Palatnik, Kristy T S Palomares, Tanyalak Parimon, Samuel Parry, Sairam Parthasarathy, Thomas F Patterson, Ann Pearman, Michael J Peluso, Priscilla Pemu, Christian M Pettker, Beth A Plunkett, Kristen Pogreba-Brown, Athena Poppas, J Zachary Porterfield, John G Quigley, Davin K Quinn, Hengameh Raissy, Candida J Rebello, Uma M Reddy, Rebecca Reece, Harrison T Reeder, Franz P Rischard, Johana M Rosas, Clifford J Rosen, Nadine G Rouphael, Dwight J Rouse, Adam M Ruff, Christina Saint Jean, Grecio J Sandoval, Jorge L Santana, Shannon M Schlater, Frank C Sciurba, Caitlin Selvaggi, Sudha Seshadri, Howard D Sesso, Dimpy P Shah, Eyal Shemesh, Zaki A Sherif, Daniel J Shinnick, Hyagriv N Simhan, Upinder Singh, Amber Sowles, Vignesh Subbian, Jun Sun, Mehul S Suthar, Larissa J Teunis, John M Thorp, Amberly Ticotsky, Alan T N Tita, Robin Tragus, Katherine R Tuttle, Alfredo E Urdaneta, P J Utz, Timothy M Vanwagoner, Andrew Vasey, Suzanne D Vernon, Crystal Vidal, Tiffany Walker, Honorine D Ward, David E Warren, Ryan M Weeks, Steven J Weiner, Jordan C Weyer, Jennifer L Wheeler, Sidney W Whiteheart, Zanthia Wiley, Natasha J Williams, Juan P Wisnivesky, John C Wood, Lynn M Yee, Natalie M Young, Sokratis N Zisis, Andrea S Foulkes

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: SARS-CoV-2 infection can result in ongoing, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects after the acute phase of infection; termed post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID. The characteristics, prevalence, trajectory and mechanisms of PASC are ill-defined. The objectives of the Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) Multi-site Observational Study of PASC in Adults (RECOVER-Adult) are to: (1) characterize PASC prevalence; (2) characterize the symptoms, organ dysfunction, natural history, and distinct phenotypes of PASC; (3) identify demographic, social and clinical risk factors for PASC onset and recovery; and (4) define the biological mechanisms underlying PASC pathogenesis. …

Social Risks, Social Needs, And Attitudes Toward Social Health Screening 1 Year Into The Covid-19 Pandemic: Survey Of Adults In An Integrated Health Care Delivery System, Nancy P Gordon, Carmen Byker Shanks, Richard W Grant

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Introduction Information about demographic differences in social risks, needs, and attitudes toward social health screening in non-highly vulnerable adult populations is lacking. Methods The authors analyzed data for 2869 Kaiser Permanente Northern California non-Medicaid-covered members aged 35 to 85 who responded to a 2021 English-only mailed/online survey. The survey covered 7 social risk and 11 social needs domains and attitudes toward social health screening. The authors used data weighted to the Kaiser Permanente Northern California membership to estimate prevalence of risks, needs, and screening receptivity in the overall population, by race/ethnicity (White, Black, Latinx, Asian American/Pacific Islander) and age (35-65 …

Development Of A Definition Of Postacute Sequelae Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Tanayott Thaweethai, Sarah E Jolley, Elizabeth W Karlson, Emily B Levitan, Bruce Levy, Grace A Mccomsey, Lisa Mccorkell, Girish N Nadkarni, Sairam Parthasarathy, Upinder Singh, Tiffany A Walker, Caitlin A Selvaggi, Daniel J Shinnick, Carolin C M Schulte, Rachel Atchley-Challenner, George A Alba, Radica Alicic, Natasha Altman, Khamal Anglin, Urania Argueta, Hassan Ashktorab, Gaston Baslet, Ingrid V Bassett, Lucinda Bateman, Brahmchetna Bedi, Shamik Bhattacharyya, Marie-Abele Bind, Andra L Blomkalns, Hector Bonilla, Hassan Brim, Patricia A Bush, Mario Castro, James Chan, Alexander W Charney, Peter Chen, Lori B Chibnik, Helen Y Chu, Rebecca G Clifton, Maged M Costantine, Sushma K Cribbs, Sylvia I Davila Nieves, Steven G Deeks, Alexandria Duven, Ivette F Emery, Nathan Erdmann, Kristine M Erlandson, Kacey C Ernst, Rachael Farah-Abraham, Cheryl E Farner, Elen M Feuerriegel, Judes Fleurimont, Vivian Fonseca, Nicholas Franko, Vivian Gainer, Jennifer C Gander, Edward M Gardner, Linda N Geng, Kelly S Gibson, Minjoung Go, Jason D Goldman, Halle Grebe, Frank L Greenway, Mounira Habli, John Hafner, Jenny E Han, Keith A Hanson, James Heath, Carla Hernandez, Rachel Hess, Sally L Hodder, Matthew K Hoffman, Susan E Hoover, Beatrice Huang, Brenna L Hughes, Prasanna Jagannathan, Janice John, Michael R Jordan, Stuart D Katz, Elizabeth S Kaufman, John D Kelly, Sara W Kelly, Megan M Kemp, John P Kirwan, Jonathan D Klein, Kenneth S Knox, Jerry A Krishnan, Andre Kumar, Adeyinka O Laiyemo, Allison A Lambert, Margaret Lanca, Joyce K Lee-Iannotti, Brian P Logarbo, Michele T Longo, Carlos A Luciano, Karen Lutrick, Jason H Maley, Gail Mallett, Jai G Marathe, Vincent Marconi, Gailen D Marshall, Christopher F Martin, Yuri Matusov, Alem Mehari, Hector Mendez-Figueroa, Robin Mermelstein, Torri D Metz, Richard Morse, Jarrod Mosier, Christian Mouchati, Janet Mullington, Shawn N Murphy, Robert B Neuman, Janko Z Nikolich, Ighovwerha Ofotokun, Elizabeth Ojemakinde, Anna Palatnik, Kristy Palomares, Tanyalak Parimon, Samuel Parry, Jan E Patterson, Thomas F Patterson, Rachel E Patzer, Michael J Peluso, Priscilla Pemu, Christian M Pettker, Beth A Plunkett, Kristen Pogreba-Brown, Athena Poppas, John G Quigley, Uma Reddy, Rebecca Reece, Harrison Reeder, W B Reeves, Eric M Reiman, Franz Rischard, Jonathan Rosand, Dwight J Rouse, Adam Ruff, George Saade, Grecio J Sandoval, Jorge L Santana, Shannon M Schlater, Frank C Sciurba, Fitzgerald Shepherd, Zaki A Sherif, Hyagriv Simhan, Nora G Singer, Daniel W Skupski, Amber Sowles, Jeffrey A Sparks, Fatima I Sukhera, Barbara S Taylor, Larissa Teunis, Robert J Thomas, John M Thorp, Paul Thuluvath, Amberly Ticotsky, Alan T Tita, Katherine R Tuttle, Alfredo E Urdaneta, Daisy Valdivieso, Timothy M Vanwagoner, Andrew Vasey, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez, Zachary S Wallace, Honorine D Ward, David E Warren, Steven J Weiner, Shelley Welch, Sidney W Whiteheart, Zanthia Wiley, Juan P Wisnivesky, Lynn M Yee, Sokratis Zisis, Leora I Horwitz, Andrea S Foulkes

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with persistent, relapsing, or new symptoms or other health effects occurring after acute infection, termed postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as long COVID. Characterizing PASC requires analysis of prospectively and uniformly collected data from diverse uninfected and infected individuals.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a definition of PASC using self-reported symptoms and describe PASC frequencies across cohorts, vaccination status, and number of infections.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective observational cohort study of adults with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection at 85 enrolling sites (hospitals, health centers, community organizations) located in 33 states plus Washington, DC, …

An Epidemic Model With Time Delays Determined By The Infectivity And Disease Durations, Masoud Saade, Samiran Ghosh, Malay Banerjee, Vitaly Volpert

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We propose an epidemiological model with distributed recovery and death rates. It represents an integrodifferential system of equations for susceptible, exposed, infectious, recovered and dead compartments. This model can be reduced to the conventional ODE model under the assumption that recovery and death rates are uniformly distributed in time during disease duration. Another limiting case, where recovery and death rates are given by the delta-function, leads to a new point-wise delay model with two time delays corresponding to the infectivity period and disease duration. Existence and positiveness of solutions for the distributed delay model and point-wise delay model are proved. …

Bovine Lactoferrin For The Prevention Of Covid-19 Infection In Health Care Personnel: A Double-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial (Lf-Covid), Rafaella Navarro, Jose Luis Paredes, Lourdes Tucto, Carlos Medina, Eddie Angles-Yanqui, Juan Carlos Nario, Jorge Ruiz-Cabrejos, Juan Luis Quintana, Kevin Turpo-Espinoza, Fernando Mejia-Cordero, Meylin Aphang-Lam, Jorge Florez, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, Theresa Jean Ochoa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lactoferrin (LF) has in vitro antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study aimed to determine the effect of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care personnel. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in two tertiary hospitals that provide care to patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Lima, Peru. Daily supplementation with 600 mg of enteral bLF versus placebo for 90 days was compared. Participants were weekly screened for symptoms suggestive of SARS-CoV-2 infection and molecular testing was performed on suspected episodes. A serological test was obtained from all participants …

Stool-Based Tests Mitigate Impacts Of Covid-19 On Colorectal Cancer Screening, Po-Hong Liu, Amit G Singal, Caitlin C Murphy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

An Integrated Cell Atlas Of The Lung In Health And Disease, Lisa Sikkema, Ciro Ramírez-Suástegui, Daniel C Strobl, Tessa E Gillett, Luke Zappia, Elo Madissoon, Nikolay S Markov, Laure-Emmanuelle Zaragosi, Yuge Ji, Meshal Ansari, Marie-Jeanne Arguel, Leonie Apperloo, Martin Banchero, Christophe Bécavin, Marijn Berg, Evgeny Chichelnitskiy, Mei-I Chung, Antoine Collin, Aurore C A Gay, Janine Gote-Schniering, Baharak Hooshiar Kashani, Kemal Inecik, Manu Jain, Theodore S Kapellos, Tessa M Kole, Sylvie Leroy, Christoph H Mayr, Amanda J Oliver, Michael Von Papen, Lance Peter, Chase J Taylor, Thomas Walzthoeni, Chuan Xu, Linh T Bui, Carlo De Donno, Leander Dony, Alen Faiz, Minzhe Guo, Austin J Gutierrez, Lukas Heumos, Ni Huang, Ignacio L Ibarra, Nathan D Jackson, Preetish Kadur Lakshminarasimha Murthy, Mohammad Lotfollahi, Tracy Tabib, Carlos Talavera-López, Kyle J Travaglini, Anna Wilbrey-Clark, Kaylee B Worlock, Masahiro Yoshida, Maarten Van Den Berge, Yohan Bossé, Tushar J Desai, Oliver Eickelberg, Naftali Kaminski, Mark A Krasnow, Robert Lafyatis, Marko Z Nikolic, Joseph E Powell, Jayaraj Rajagopal, Mauricio Rojas, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Max A Seibold, Dean Sheppard, Douglas P Shepherd, Don D Sin, Wim Timens, Alexander M Tsankov, Jeffrey Whitsett, Yan Xu, Nicholas E Banovich, Pascal Barbry, Thu Elizabeth Duong, Christine S Falk, Kerstin B Meyer, Jonathan A Kropski, Dana Pe'er, Herbert B Schiller, Purushothama Rao Tata, Joachim L Schultze, Sara A Teichmann, Alexander V Misharin, Martijn C Nawijn, Malte D Luecken, Fabian J Theis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Single-cell technologies have transformed our understanding of human tissues. Yet, studies typically capture only a limited number of donors and disagree on cell type definitions. Integrating many single-cell datasets can address these limitations of individual studies and capture the variability present in the population. Here we present the integrated Human Lung Cell Atlas (HLCA), combining 49 datasets of the human respiratory system into a single atlas spanning over 2.4 million cells from 486 individuals. The HLCA presents a consensus cell type re-annotation with matching marker genes, including annotations of rare and previously undescribed cell types. Leveraging the number and diversity …

Stress Reactivity After Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Relation With Behavioral Adjustment, Taiane De Azevedo Cardoso, Ritele H Silva, Jessica L Fernandes, Camila O Arent, Graziela Amboni, Laura A Borba, Alex Paulo Z Padilha, Maria Eduarda M Botelho, Amanda L Maciel, Tatiana Barichello, Rodrigo Morales, Silvio José B Soares, Margarete D Bagatini, Claudia Dallagnol, Marta Elisa Brighenti, Zuleide Maria Ignácio, João Quevedo, Luciane B Ceretta, Gislaine Z Réus

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Although many studies have pointed out a possible relationship between COVID-19 and the presence of psychiatric disorders, the majority of the studies have significant limitations. This study investigates the influence of COVID-19 infection on mental health.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included an age- and sex-matched sample of adult individuals positive (cases) or negative (controls) for COVID-19. We evaluated the presence of psychiatric conditions and C-reactive protein (CRP).

RESULTS: Findings showed greater severity of depressive symptoms, higher levels of stress, and greater CRP in cases. The severity of depressive and insomnia symptoms, as well as the CRP were more remarkable …

Fighting The Obesity Pandemic During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jordan E Grubbs, Haley J Daigle, Megan Shepherd, Robert E Heidel, Kyle L Kleppe, Matthew L Mancini, Gregory J Mancini

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic created delays in surgical care. The population with obesity has a high risk of death from COVID-19. Prior literature shows the most effective way to combat obesity is by weight loss surgery. At different times throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, elective inpatient surgeries have been halted due to bed availability. Recognizing that major complications following bariatric surgery are extremely low (bleeding 0-4%, anastomotic leaks 0.8%), we felt outpatient bariatric surgery would be safe for low-risk patients. Complications such as DVT, PE, infection, and anastomotic leaks typically present after 7 days postoperatively, well outside the usual length of …

Coronary Artery Disease As An Independent Predictor Of Cardiovascular Mortality In Covid-19 Patients, Hywel Soney, Nathan Deron, Lucas Wang, Lawrence Hoang, Mujahed Abualfoul, Yi Zhao, Kristopher Aten, Victor Canela, Sri Prathivada, Michael Vu, Manavjot Sidhu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. However, little is known about the combined effect of coronary artery disease (CAD) and COVID-19 on mortality. We aimed to investigate the incidence of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in COVID-19 patients with CAD.

METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study identified 3,336 COVID-19 patients admitted between March and December 2020. Data points were manually reviewed in the patients' electronic health records. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess whether CAD and its subtypes were associated with mortality.

RESULTS: This study shows that CAD was not an independent predictor of …

Donepezil-Associated Survival Benefits Among Alzheimer’S Disease Patients Are Retained But Not Enhanced During Covid-19 Infections, Elizabeth A. Edmiston, Taissa A. Bej, Brigid Wilson, Robin L.P. Jump

Faculty Scholarship

Background and Aim: Donepezil is a front-line treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. Donepezil treatment is associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality. Specific protection is observed in pneumonia and cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that donepezil treatment would improve mortality among Alzheimer’s patients following infection with COVID-19. The objective of this study is to assess the influence of ongoing donepezil treatment on survival in Alzheimer’s disease patients after polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. We conducted a national survey of Veterans with Alzheimer’s disease to assess the influence of ongoing donepezil treatment on survival in …

Clinically Stable Covid-19 Patients Presenting To Acute Unscheduled Episodic Care Venues Have Increased Risk Of Hospitalization: Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Control Trial, Joseph Bledsoe, Scott C Woller, Maria Brooks, Frank C Sciurba, Jerry A Krishnan, Deborah Martin, Peter Hou, Janet Y Lin, Andrei Kindzelski, Eileen Handberg, Bridget-Anne Kirwan, Elaine Zaharris, Lauren Castro, Nancy L Shapiro, Carl J Pepine, Sarah Majercik, Zhuxuan Fu, Yongqi Zhong, Vidya Venugopal, Yu-Hsuan Lai, Paul M Ridker, Jean M Connors

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Assessment for risks associated with acute stable COVID-19 is important to optimize clinical trial enrollment and target patients for scarce therapeutics. To assess whether healthcare system engagement location is an independent predictor of outcomes we performed a secondary analysis of the ACTIV-4B Outpatient Thrombosis Prevention trial.

METHODS: A secondary analysis of the ACTIV-4B trial that was conducted at 52 US sites between September 2020 and August 2021. Participants were enrolled through acute unscheduled episodic care (AUEC) enrollment location (emergency department, or urgent care clinic visit) compared to minimal contact (MC) enrollment (electronic contact from test center lists of positive …