Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons^™

Descriptions Of Adolescent Holistic Knowledge About Hiv/Aids At State Islamic Junior High School 2 Jember, Chilmiyatur Rosidah

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

HIV/AIDS is a global health issue, with the number of sufferers tending to increase each year. In 2015, there were 30,935 new HIV cases, and by 2020, this number had risen to 41,987 cases, indicating a 35.77 percent increase in new cases between 2015 and 2020. Adolescents constitute one of the groups vulnerable to HIV/AIDS due to a lack of holistic knowledge on the subject. Knowledge related to HIV/AIDS is crucial for adolescents, as the adolescent phase is characterized by an increase in hormone production, which may trigger risky sexual behavior. This study used a qualitative descriptive method with Focus …

Pengetahuan Dan Persepsi Keluarga Penderita Penyakit Ginjal Tahap Akhir (Pgta) Terhadap Transplantasi Ginjal Di Rs Hasan Sadikin Bandung, Rizqa Adinda Syakira, Helni Mariani, Rizky Andhika

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Kidney transplantation is the best kidney replacement therapy for End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) patients. The gap between the number of donors and recipients remains a problem contributing to the low rate of kidney transplantation in Indonesia. The families of ESRD patients are the most recommended donor candidates. Knowledge and perception have a crucial role in the decision to donate organs, making it important to know the knowledge and perception of ESRD patients’ families towards kidney transplantation. This study aimed to describe the knowledge and perception of families of ESRD patients undergoing dialysis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General …

Determinant Factors Of Unmet Need In Family Plannung (Fp): A Systematic Review, Titin Ifayanti

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Unmet Needs in family planning (FP) remain a concern in many countries worldwide and can, therefore, adversely affect women, families, and society. Around 12 percent of women worldwide have an unmet need. Such effects include widespread disease, increased maternal mortality, and psychological disorders among women. This study aimed to elucidate the factors associated with the unmet need for family planning. The research approach used was a systematic review, literature was identified through Google Scholar, PubMed, and (NLM): National Library of Medicine. A systematic review and literature analysis of 9 articles was carried out, which utilized secondary data and cross-sectional study …

The Relationship Between Breast Milk Coverage, Mother's Education Level, Sanitation Hygiene, And Infectional Diseases And Incidents Of Stunting In Toddler In Bangkalan District, East Java, Septa Katmawanti, Achmad Masfi, Ronal Surya Aditya, Dea Aflah Samah, Fatiya Rizka Putri, Oktavia Sri Wahyuni, Muhammad Fahmi Rabbani, Purnama Devita Sari

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Stunting remains a pressing global health issue, with 149 million children affected in 2020. In Bangkalan District, East Java, stunting prevalence reaches 25.2 percent, exceeding the provincial average of 19.2 percent. This study aimed to analyze factors influencing stunting, including breastfeeding coverage, maternal education, hygiene, and infectious diseases. Conducted from August to September 2023 in the Blega Health Center area, this analytical correlation study involved 35 toddlers aged 24–59 months selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and interviews, then analyzed using chi-square tests in SPSS. The results revealed significant relationships between exclusive breastfeeding and …

Strategy For Improving Smoking Cessation Services In Primary Health Care, Evita Rosdiana Hutapea, Risky Kusuma Hartono

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Amidst the rising numbers of smokers in Indonesia and the increasing burden of smoking-related diseases on the country, the Smoking Cessation Services (SCS) still fail to operate optimally. The aim of this research is to develop a more effective strategy for the SCS model based on the challenges encountered during its implementation. The research method employed qualitative study with a case study approach. The research location was in Depok City, chosen as a national exemplary of SCS. Research period from February to May 2024. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews and observations at Community Health Centers who involved in …

Prevention Of Obesity In The Elderly Through Health Promotion Interventions: Literature Review, Miranda Gracia Salsabila, Ernawaty Ernawaty, Indah Berliana Fauziah

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

The incidence of obesity among the elderly is rising in many countries, including Indonesia. To address this issue, effective interventions are necessary to change lifestyle and dietary habits, such as through social marketing and health promotion initiatives for the elderly. Preventing obesity in this demographic through social marketing can involve educational campaigns, intervention programs, community empowerment, and collaboration with various stakeholders. This study aims to identify strategies to prevent obesity in the elderly through health promotion interventions. The study is a literature review following the PRISMA 2009 protocol. Articles were sourced from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases, focusing on …

Treating Adolescent Depression: Exploring Neurofeedback Training, Dhikr, And Community Stigma In Complementary Therapies (A Case Study), Tri Oktaviyantini

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Adolescent depression, particularly when complicated by psychotic features, presents significant challenges in treatment due to its complex and multifaceted nature. This case study explores the integration of neurofeedback training and Dhikr, an Islamic meditative practice, as complementary therapies alongside traditional pharmacotherapy in treating a 15 years old male diagnosed with severe recurrent depression. Despite initial reluctance and skepticism influenced by community stigma surrounding mental health and spiritual practices, both therapies contributed to noticeable improvements in the patient's symptoms and overall well-being. Neurofeedback was utilized to regulate brainwave activity, while Dhikr provided a meditative and spiritual component that promoted mindfulness and …

Relationship Between Personal Hygiene And Environmental Sanitation To The Presence Of Escherichia Coli Bacteria In Food, Erica Ardhana Fathimah Azzahra, Vivi Novianti, Muhammad Al-Irsyad

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Food safety is one of the significant public health issues, especially in developing countries. The extraordinary incidence of food poisoning and a high number of cases of gastrointestinal infections in Malang City indicate infection with the bacteria that cause dysentery, namely E.coli. This study evaluated hygiene-sanitation practices at food stalls in Area Terusan Ambarawa Malang City. This study aimed to identify Escherichia coli bacteria in 11 food stalls and assess the relationship of environmental sanitation and personal hygiene of food handlers to the presence of E.coli. This study used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach, data collection using …

Threat Of Hypercholesterolemia In Urban Adults And Its Associates: Evidence From A Community-Based Study, Ambika Rani Yadav, Priya Keshari

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is an abnormality of lipids. It is a crucial modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. There is a paucity of community-based studies on hypercholesterolemia in the adult population in India. Given this context, the study aims to assess the prevalence and spectrum of hypercholesterolemia, along with its associated factors, among adult residents of urban areas in Prayagraj district, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was done on 536 urban adult subjects (30 to 59 years) of Prayagraj, India, selected by multistage sampling procedure. The predesigned and pretested interview schedule was used to obtain socio-demographic …

The Impact Of Immigrants On The Number And Type Of Births, Neset Gumusburun, Ergun Mendes

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Although cesarean section is a life-saving procedure in certain situations, it may result in complications for maternal and infant health when conducted, especially for nonmedical purposes. The civil war in Syria has significantly modified the demographic and ethnic structure of Turkey, which has affected the number and type of births occurring here. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of the increasing Syrian refugee patient population on primary cesarean section rates in Kilis/Turkey.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, pregnant women who gave birth at the State Hospital in the Kilis province in Turkiye between …

Effect Of Stair Climbing On Obesity And Insulin Resistance Among Adults: A Systematic Review Protocol, Reshma R. Kotian Ms, Melita Sheilini Dr, Anice George Dr, Vani Lakshmi R Dr, Edlin Glane Mathias Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Background

Obesity among people has become very common due to the massive transition in lifestyle. Obesity and impaired glucose level are the important parameters of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a major healthcare burden currently, due to its escalating turn of events. Being one of the leading causes for the development of cardiovascular diseases and insulin sensitivity, its prevention is of prime importance. Stair climbing can be used replacing the use of elevator which will be beneficial. This systematic review entails the simpler yet beneficial form of intervention against obesity and insulin resistance. The current systematic review is planned as …

Orthogonal And Multiplexable Genetic Perturbations With An Engineered Prime Editor And A Diverse Rna Array, Qichen Yuan, Hongzhi Zeng, Tyler C Daniel, Qingzhuo Liu, Yongjie Yang, Emmanuel C Osikpa, Qiaochu Yang, Advaith Peddi, Liliana M Abramson, Boyang Zhang, Yong Xu, Xue Gao

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Programmable and modular systems capable of orthogonal genomic and transcriptomic perturbations are crucial for biological research and treating human genetic diseases. Here, we present the minimal versatile genetic perturbation technology (mvGPT), a flexible toolkit designed for simultaneous and orthogonal gene editing, activation, and repression in human cells. The mvGPT combines an engineered compact prime editor (PE), a fusion activator MS2-p65-HSF1 (MPH), and a drive-and-process multiplex array that produces RNAs tailored to different types of genetic perturbation. mvGPT can precisely edit human genome via PE coupled with a prime editing guide RNA and a nicking guide RNA, activate endogenous gene expression …

From Surviving To Thriving: Key Considerations For Weight Control Across Diverse Cancer Survivorship Populations, Justin C. Brown, Marlyn Allicock, Carmina G. Valle, Tanya Agurs-Collins

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a chronic, relapsing, progressive disease of excess adiposity that increases the risk of dying from at least 16 types of cancer. The prevalence of obesity has increased more rapidly in cancer survivors compared with the general population. Tailored weight management strategies are needed to improve prognosis and health outcomes in the growing population of cancer survivors. However, certain cancer survivor population subgroups require unique consideration when developing weight management strategies. METHODS: In a symposium convened by The Obesity Society during ObesityWeek 2023 titled "From Surviving to Thriving: Key Considerations for Weight Control Across Diverse Cancer Survivorship Populations," …

Development And Evaluation Of An Implementation Strategy To Increase Hpv Vaccination Among Underserved Youth Across Texas: A Protocol Paper, Paula M Cuccaro, Jihye Choi, Lara S Savas, Efrat K Gabay, Mayra Aguilar Mcbride, Amy Montelongo Eldridge, Timothy J Walker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: All for Them is a theory-based and evidence-informed multilevel, multicomponent program delivered through schools to increase HPV vaccination among medically underserved youth across Texas. Given the potential logistical challenges of program implementation, understanding how to best support the implementation and sustainment of the program is critical. The overall goals of this study are twofold: 1) develop a multifaceted implementation strategy, Implementing All for Them (IM-AFT); and 2) evaluate the impact of IM-AFT on implementation outcomes for schools and healthcare providers to successfully implement All for Them in their respective settings.

METHODS: This study is underpinned by a comprehensive and …

Health Literacy On Physical Therapy Among Senior Citizens With Physical Disability And Community Health Workers, Kriza G. Ganotisi, Faye Angelene J. Barangay, Andrew A. Galang, Wina Frances Q. Lazaro, Christopher U. Rivera, Ryan Dean T. Sucgang

Philippine Journal of Physical Therapy

Introduction. This study was conducted to determine the health literacy on physical therapy (PT) among senior citizens with physical disability and community health workers (CHWs). Specifically, it identified the sociodemographic profile of the CHWs and senior citizens with physical disability, their extent of health literacy on PT as to prose, document and numeracy and how health policies, availability of PT programs, and available equipment and facilities for the rendition of PT services affect their health literacy.

Methods. This study employed a descriptive research design. The respondents of the study involved 18 CHWs and 29 senior citizens. It was conducted in …

Dental Clinic Deserts In The Us: Spatial Accessibility Analysis, Md Shahinoor Rahman, Jeffrey C. Blossom, Ichiro Kawachi, Renuka Tipirneni, Hawazin W. Elani

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Little is known about the spatial accessibility to dental clinics across the US. OBJECTIVE: To map the spatial accessibility of dental clinics nationally and to examine the characteristics of counties and US Census block groups with dental care shortage areas. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional study of US dental clinics in 2023 using data from the IQVIA national practitioners' database, which includes 205 762 active dentists. Data were analyzed from November 2023 to April 2024. EXPOSURES: Socioeconomic characteristics of block groups and counties including rurality, area deprivation, racial and ethnic segregation, and uninsured population. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Enhanced …

Fda Approves Neffy®- First Nasal Spray For Anaphylaxis, Abigail Carter, Penlope Mazivanhanga, Haylee Whyde, Rileigh Rahrig, Ashley Jacob, Anna Spalvieri, Joshua Honaker, Samantha Mccord, Andrew Roecker

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Between 1.6 and 5.1% of the United States population have experienced anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction.1 Anaphylaxis occurs when someone is exposed to an allergen, most commonly foods, medications, and insect venom. Epinephrine is the first-line agent for anaphylaxis treatment, and it is critical to administer this medication immediately after the onset of anaphylactic symptoms to prevent worsening that could lead to death. Epinephrine, more commonly known as EpiPen® or Auvi-Q®, has historically only been available as an intramuscular (IM) injection. Many people are afraid, anxious, or uneducated on how to properly give someone an IM injection, causing anaphylaxis treatment …

Sparkled: Social Programming In Kids Affects Risk Of Latent Endothelial Disease, Rebecca Drakowski

Theses & Dissertations

Background: Social Health Programming (SHP) is a holistic intervention that can empower communities to address modifiable risk factors for poor cardiovascular health, including suboptimal nutrition or psychosocial stressors. SHP participation has been shown to increase dietary intake of fruits and vegetables, decrease perceived stress, and improve cardiovascular endurance. However, it is unknown how SHP participation during adolescence affects carotenoid serum levels, hair cortisol concentrations (biological marker of chronic stress), or vascular reactivity index (VRI; measure of subclinical cardiovascular health).

Methods: Adolescent girls and young adult women (12–29-year-old) were enrolled in this observational cohort study. Serum, hair, and saliva samples were …

Bio-Preparedness In A Global Context: Multi-Site International Study Investigating Global Health Security Challenges In Egypt, Oman, And The United States, Rima M. Al Balushi

Theses & Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed myriad vulnerabilities globally within public health systems, from inadequate bio-risk management in laboratories to overwhelming utilization of hospital resources and disparities in vaccine access and uptake. The Global Health Security Index (GHSI), which critically evaluates health security domains including health systems and risk environments, reports serious weaknesses in global health security. This dissertation aims to investigate critical aspects of global health security domains by examining factors impacting biosafety and biosecurity capacities in laboratories in Egypt, healthcare resource utilization in hospitals in Oman relating to acute respiratory infections (ARI), and COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the United States. …

Assistive Technology Abandonment With Veterans And Leisure Activities, Tara Lamson, Lee Ann Hoffman, Mary Greer

Fall 2024 OTD Capstone Symposium

Veterans using assistive technology (AT) often face barriers that limit their participation in meaningful leisure activities, negatively impacting their mental health and quality of life. This project aimed to address these challenges by developing an educational program focused on improving AT management, reducing abandonment, and promoting leisure engagement. A needs assessment of veterans in Abilene, TX, revealed critical issues, including barriers to leisure, limited community involvement, and gaps in AT maintenance education. The program delivered web-based and in-person resources on AT use, adaptive leisure strategies, and equipment recycling. Key outcomes included enhanced social participation, improved independence, and sustainable solutions for …

Use Of Adventure To Address Play Deprivation In Children And Teens Raised In Conflict, Kristin Salisbury, Mary Jan Greer

Fall 2024 OTD Capstone Symposium

Youth raised in conflict often experience extrinsic and intrinsic factors that contribute to play deprivation and occupational injustice. These factors are reviewed through interviews with stakeholders and participants and observed while embedded in an adventure program for foster and adopted youth and in a refugee camp for families and children. Current literature reveals underlying factors that contribute to play deprivation for these youth, including conditions resulting from trauma and developmental delays due to the absence of play engagement. The poster reviews the programmatic components necessary for addressing these factors through whole-person play-based programming. It considers using adventure-based programming to introduce …

Development Of A Health Education Intervention And Its Effectiveness In Improving Mmr Vaccination Confidence, Attitude And Uptake Among Parents Attending Public Health Clinics In Kuala Lumpur, Aida Mohd Azlan

Student Works (2020-2029)

Despite the progress made in Malaysia's vaccination programmes, measles continues to persist. Parental confidence in measles vaccines plays a pivotal role in ensuring successful immunisation. However, there is currently limited research on effective interventions to measure outcomes related to parental trust in MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) vaccination programmes in Malaysia. Hence, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of Health Education Intervention in improving MMR vaccination confidence, attitude, and uptake among parents attending Public Health Clinics in Kuala Lumpur. Methods: This multi-phase quantitative study, conducted from June 2022–March 2024, utilised the Health Belief Model to assess parental vaccine confidence and …

The Doing, Being, Becoming, And Belonging Of Intergenerational Collective Occupations, Gladys Garcia, Jazminne Orozco-Arteaga

Fall 2024 OTD Capstone Symposium

Background: Older adults have been globally recognized as a vulnerable population. Literature has indicated that intergenerational engagement can decrease social isolation for older adults, but there is a gap in understanding intergenerational co-occupational engagement and how these engagements can improve quality of life and fulfillment of self-identity. The purpose of this qualitative research study was to generate knowledge of how relationships and occupations performed with individuals from a younger generation impacted sense of well-being. Through the lens of Doing, Being, Becoming and Belonging (Wilcock, 2006), the study sought to increase understanding of this lived experience to promote intergenerational practice within …

Addressing Alcohol Use Disorder In The Outpatient Indigenous Health Clinic Setting, Kylie M. Timmerman

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Background: Alcohol use disorder disproportionately impacts American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) populations at higher rates of disease morbidity and mortality. In the primary care setting, few treatment resources are available to patients outside of medication-only options.

Local Problem: While the intervention site (rural Tribal Federally Qualified Health Center [FQHC]) was known to have a well-established medication-assisted treatment (MAT) program for opiate use disorder (OUD), the was a need for alcohol use disorder (AUD) resources.

Methods: A review of current evidence was conducted to explore best practices for addressing AUD in the AIAN outpatient clinic setting.

Intervention(s): A quality improvement …

Infant Mortality Data: Missing Pieces To Prevention In Lesotho, Jacinda Croissant

Master's Projects and Capstones

Lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) like Lesotho lack complete and quality infant mortality data. Without infant mortality data, it can be challenging to develop public health education, programming, and policies to address preventative infant deaths in specific populations (Rao et al., 2004). A literature review identified strategies to improve infant mortality data in LMICs. Through a community engagement model and digital storytelling, community members can gain awareness, begin an ongoing conversation about local public health issues, and participate in an improved data collection system. Infant mortality is often used as an indicator of health for a population; improved infant mortality data can …

Chronic Disease Screening And Detection In Vulnerable Populations, Courtney J. Seman, Hussein Hadid, Tania Jaimes, Robert Walls

Master's Projects and Capstones

This quality improvement project aims to address gaps in chronic disease screening by implementing standardized protocols for diabetes, hypertension, vision impairment, and scoliosis within the University of San Francisco (USF) Nurse-Led Clinic in Orange County. Problem: The clinic identified a lack of screening practices, which limited early detection and intervention for two specific vulnerable populations. Context: The clinic serves two high-risk groups: older adults, including formerly homeless individuals, and children in two local grade schools. These populations face significant healthcare disparities, making early detection of chronic conditions critical. Interventions: Guided by Kotter’s Change Theory, the project developed and implemented evidence-based …

Improving Food Security To Decrease Hypertension At An Urban Community Clinic, Christine S. Villalta

Master's Projects and Capstones

Diet and lifestyle changes have been proven to reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension, and a key dietary approach aligned with this recommendation is the DASH diet, which includes consuming fruits and vegetables. Food insecurity, defined as lacking enough safe, nutritious food to maintain an active and healthy life, is a growing crisis in the United States, affecting 13.5% of U.S. households in 2023. This is especially significant for those whose chronic disease management depends on the accessibility of healthy food. An urban community clinic implemented a Food Security Program to decrease food insecurity and reduce hypertension among their …

Food Security And Its Impact On Hypertension In Urban Communities, Lauren M. Nobriga

Master's Projects and Capstones

The Quality Improvement Team proposed an intervention to increase enrollment in the Food Security Program, a six-month initiative that provides vouchers redeemable for fruits and vegetables. Long-term impacts of this Program include an improved food economy and enhanced patient disease management autonomy. This project aimed to increase the percentage of eligible adult medicine clinic patients enrolled in the Food Security Program by 25%, or 11 patients per month, based on the mean enrollment for the first four months of the Program (May to August) of nine patients. The intervention was based on bi-monthly performance reports, making the goal include enrolling …

Take Charge Of Your Health: Start With Your Smile, Jordan L. Lacey, Brizette O. Owusu, Sophia Gardner, Madeline Whitehead, Haeun Park, May Ligno

Nursing Leadership in Community Engagement Projects

Take Charge of Your Health: Start with Your Smile

Oral health is a fundamental component of overall health, yet it is often neglected-particularly among vulnerable populations like houseless individuals (Freitas et al., 2019). Houseless individuals face numerous barriers to accessing healthcare, with dental services being limited. This lack of access contributes to a higher prevalence of oral diseases, which if left untreated, can lead to severe complications. Poor oral health doesn’t just affect the mouth; it negatively impacts one’s overall systemic health, psychosocial well-being, and quality of life (Csikar et al., 2019).

As nursing students engaged in a Community Health …

Review Of Epidemiology, Prevention And Management Of Blood-Borne Viruses Experienced By Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples, Katiska Davis, Eliza Lock, Laura Thum, Gemma Crawford, Roanna Lobo, Odette Aung Thein, Shane Kavanagh, Jonathan Hallett

Journal of the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet

This review examines the epidemiology, prevention, and management of blood-borne viruses (BBVs) experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia with a focus on hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. The review highlights the disproportionate burden of BBVs among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia, influenced by historical, social, and cultural factors stemming from colonisation. Key findings include higher prevalence rates of hepatitis B and C compared to non-Indigenous Australians, with some progress in reducing new infections through vaccination and treatment programs. However, significant gaps remain in screening, linkage to care, and treatment uptake. The review …