Public Health Commons^™

Using Variations In The Circadian Rhythm To Identify Optimal Vaccination Times In Healthy Adults Who Receive An Influenza Vaccine, Payson Broome, Karen Duus, Thrisha Reddy, Krystal Robinson, Jutta Ward, Michael Desouza, Samuel Park, Terry Ann Else, Deborah Bell-Pedersen

Annual Research Symposium

This proof-of-concept quasi-experiment investigated the relationship between circadian phase and immune response to the 2024-2025 influenza vaccine. This study will provide insight into the ideal physiological circadian phase to receive the influenza vaccine, better defining the relationship between circadian biology and immunity, and supporting a simple and cost-effective strategy to optimize influenza vaccine efficacy.

Longitudinal Analysis Of The Healthcare Needs Of Hispanic-Latinx Population In Nevada And Neighboring States, Micah Kwallek, Sherli Koshy Chenthittayil Phd, Jeancarlo Marron

Annual Research Symposium

The rapidly growing Latinx population in California, Utah, Arizona, and Nevada is reshaping these states, but its impact on public health requires attention. This study aims to identify key medical issues within the Hispanic-Latinx community in Nevada and bordering states. This will provide public health officials with a detailed profile that can guide targeted healthcare policy changes for supporting the Latinx community, as well as equip healthcare providers with the knowledge of what to screen for and educate patients about, given specific health predispositions. Data on the Latinx and Caucasian populations in Arizona, Utah, California, and Nevada were sourced from …

Nhpi Health Of The Ninth Island, Sydney Unciano, Momilani Tupu, Reina Takaki-Nakagawa, Sherli Chenthittayil, Monica Morales-Hernandez

Annual Research Symposium

Since the 1970s, the population of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders (NPHI) in Clark County, NV has increased. Between 2011 and 2021, a 40% growth in NHPIs was documented; thus terming Las Vegas Valley as the "Ninth Island.” Socioeconomic demands associated with the cost of living in Hawaii have been the primary reason for this diaspora. Despite moving to mitigate economic challenges, healthcare disparities among NHPIs persist. Throughout the United States, NHPI populations experience among the highest COVID-19 death rates, have a 19.8% prevalence of self-reported diabetes, and have disproportionate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors compared to White and Asian …

Residence, Education, Wealth, And Hiv/Aids Prevention Knowledge Among Nigerian Adults, Chinedu Nwaobia Nwaru

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

HIV has remained the most prevalent and deadliest epidemic affecting humanity. It is pertinent to note that, despite the number of years since the first case was reported in the early 1980s in the United States, and concerted efforts by local, national, and international governmental and nongovernmental agencies at curbing it, the level of knowledge of HIV transmission and the disease prevention, especially among Nigerians, is still not encouraging. Nigeria, the most populous country in Sub-Saharan Africa ranks second globally as the country with the highest number of people living with HIV/AIDS, which is currently estimated at 3 million. In …

Evaluasi Implementasi Manajemen Rumah Sakit Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Rating Google Customer Review Di Rumah Sakit Karisma Cimareme Tahun 2023: Pendekatan Teori Servqual Dan Donabedian, Patriot Haryo Trenggono, Adang Bachtiar

Jurnal ARSI : Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia

This study aims to evaluate the management of Karisma Cimareme Hospital in addressing its low Google Customer Review ratings. Initial data shows that KCH received an average rating of 2.9 stars, lower than two other private hospitals in West Bandung Regency, IMC Hospital with 3.1 stars and Cahya Kawaluyan Hospital with 4.1 stars. Using the SERVQUAL framework, which includes the dimensions of tangibles, empathy, responsiveness, reliability, and assurance, along with Donabedian's theory, this study focuses on improving service quality through the implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). The research method involved direct observation of hospital services, in-depth interviews with hospital …

Analisis Peran Case Manager Dalam Kendali Mutu Dan Kendali Biaya Pelayanan Rawat Inap Bedah Di Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia Tahun 2022, Natasya C. Viano, Purnawan Junadi

Jurnal ARSI : Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia

Patient Service Management is carried out by the case manager to create quality services with efficient cost. This study aims to evaluate the role of case managers in quality and cost control of surgical inpatients with JKN assurance at the UI Hospital in 2022. This study uses the concept of Donabedian and KARS guidelines. Quality control is seen from Length of Stay (LOS), patient satisfaction, compliance with clinical pathway, compliance with doctor visits, and delays in elective surgery. Cost control is seen from the difference between INA-CBG's claims and hospital bills and cost formulations. Secondary data were collected from medical …

Analisis Deskriptif Tentang Strategi Mutu Pelayanan Kandungan (Obstetri Dan Ginekologi) Di Rumah Sakit Islam Nu Demak, Akhmad Safi’I, Abdul Aziz

Jurnal ARSI : Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia

The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Demak Regency are still high. In 2023, the MMR was 13 cases or 67 per 100,000 live births with a delivery rate of 18,784. The 2023 IMR data reached 7.2 per 1000 live births. The still high MMR and IMR and the socio-cultural market conditions of Demak, which are religious, are very relevant to the need for integrated superior services. Especially in Obgyn, perinatal, and child services. The Islamic Hospital (RSI) NU Demak is present through comprehensive, superior Obgyn services with a trend in patient visits that continues to …

Strengthening Legal Frameworks And Patient Safety: A Narrative Review Of Medical And Dental Malpractice In Indonesia, Ghulam Mustafa, Ede Surya Darmawan

Jurnal ARSI : Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia

Many cases of medical and dental malpractice in Indonesia are still related to patient safety and healthcare quality. This narrative review aims to identify solutions that can be implemented. The main focus is to compare the incidence of malpractice in clinical medical and dental practice, emphasizing legal implications, coverage, and internal organizational issues. A systematic literature search was conducted through databases such as Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Springer, Garuda, and other online databases. Articles published no later than 2024. Eleven studies were selected that discussed the problem of malpractice in Indonesia. Independent screening and critical appraisal were carried out to …

Menstrual Poverty In Egypt: Padding The Way To Period Equity, Sara Hesham Nasr

Theses and Dissertations

With approximately 800 million women menstruating daily worldwide, a significant portion of this demographic experiences barriers to accessing sanitary products. In Egypt, despite having around third of the population in reproductive age and menstruating monthly, an economic turmoil in 2017 opted the government to label menstrual products as luxury items and the prices have increased since then.

The current study aimed to investigate menstrual poverty in Egypt, focusing on the economic and social challenges faced by women during menstruation. Key objectives include assessing the financial challenges related to menstruation, exploring existing policies aimed at alleviating these challenges, and proposing evidence-based …

Framework, Design, And Baseline Data Of A Collective Impact Initiative To Strengthen The Community Health Worker Workforce Ecosystem In Texas, Shreela V Sharma, Heidi Hagen Mcpherson, Jemima John, Rosalia Guerrero, Sisan B Tennyson, Deborah Banerjee, Nadia Siddiqui, Sheila Savannah, Peter Durand, Amanda Gao, Sean A Haley, Elisa Garcia, Jennifer Cofer, Adrick Harris

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The Health Equity Collective (HEC), a multi-sector systems-level collective impact coalition in the Greater Houston region, partnered with the City of Houston Health Department (HHD) to launch a 2-year effort to implement a comprehensive approach towards strengthening the regional Community Health Workers (CHW) workforce infrastructure as a pathway to advancing health equity. Our paper presents the logic model, methods, and baseline qualitative and quantitative data from this initiative.

METHODS: In the fall of 2022, the Health Equity Collective brought together a Network of CHW-employing or training organizations in the Greater Houston region. This Network was the working group of …

Perceived Healthfulness Of The Environment Of Communities With Low Income: Focus Groups And Interviews With Extension Nutrition Educators, Elder Garcia Varela, Jamie Zeldman, Jade Mcnamara, Jesse S. Morrell, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Melissa D. Olfert, Tandalayo Kidd, Kendra Kattelmann, Geoffrey Greene, Karla P. Shelnutt

Journal of Extension

This study explored Extension nutrition educators’ (NEs) perceptions of community members’ challenges and opportunities for achieving a healthy lifestyle. NEs represented various communities with low income across nine states. NEs across locations identified similar barriers (i.e., lack of access and availability of healthy and affordable foods; access to transportation; and financial insecurity) and opportunities (i.e., trustworthy and free nutrition education resources and programs; and access to food banks, food pantries, and health care professionals) that prevented or facilitated a healthful lifestyle. Future research should explore key community stakeholder and community member perceptions to guide the development of community-driven interventions.

Findings From A National Assessment To Support Implementation Of Cooperative Extension’S 2021 National Framework For Health Equity And Well-Being, Diana Charbonneau, Kerry Gabbert, Latoya O'Neal, Dawn E. Burton, Maggie Jones, Kate Katzman, Roger Rennekamp

Journal of Extension

Cooperative Extension’s National Framework for Health Equity and Well-Being provides a roadmap for improving the health of communities. Core concepts include installing health equity a systemwide value and catalyzing community-level changes that ensure all people have an opportunity to be as healthy as they can. This article presents findings from a national readiness assessment for implementing the Framework across Extension. Results from a literature scan, national survey, and regional listening sessions identified internal facilitators and barriers to adoption. The article provides ideas for how Extension practitioners can engage in this work and shares an action plan developed from assessment results.

Acute Care For Elders Unit Implementation At Banner Health: A Quality Improvement Analysis, Jacob Lahti, Tony Gaidici, Shreya Bharath, Esha Saraswat, Nimit Agarwal

Annual Research Symposium

There is an increasing need to optimize hospital care for older adults as Age Friendly Health Systems (AFHS) become increasingly popular. Geriatric patients may often be subject to extended hospital stays, which can result in functional decline, increases in hospital-acquired injury, infections, and neurocognitive deterioration. Early acute inpatient rehabilitation (IRF) is known to improve functional optimization of older adults as compared to therapy in a skilled nursing facility (SNF). In this study we demonstrate the effect of a structured program based on the 4Ms of AFHS in our newly established Acute Care for Elders (ACE) unit, a first in Arizona. …

Current Concepts In Prenatal Dental Care: A Narrative Review, Adam Lawlor

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Dysbiosis Of The Oral Microbiome And Pathophysiology Of Pregnancy Complications, Jiselle Cornejo, Claudia M. Tellez Freitas

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Evaluating The Impact Of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine On Cytokine Modulation: A Pathway To Inflammatory Disease Management, Renee M. Chang, Krystal Robinson, Sharon Sengphanith, Grace Godffrey, Jacob Gofrey, Carissa Salamatin, Mark Santos Phd, Wesley Lockhart Do

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Teleophthalmology On Underserved Populations: A Review Of Literature, Rutu H. Vyas, Marietta Kaloyan, Brian Leung, Isha Gondi, Yinwen Wang, Sherli Chenthittayil

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Drug Addiction On Oral Health: Unveiling The Link Between Substance Abuse, Rahi [email protected], Kamran Awan

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Associations Between Atmospheric Ozone, Pm2.5 And Prevalence Of Diabetes In Georgia, United States, Kingsley A. Kalu, Jingjing Yin, Atin Adhikari

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Objective:

This study examines the association between two air pollutants (PM_2.5 and ozone), and the prevalence of adult diabetes mellitus in relation to various confounding factors.

Methods:

We collected diabetes prevalence data from the 2015 County Health Ranking and Georgia Health Data Hub. A negative binomial regression analysis was conducted to examine the associations between the county-level dependent variable “adult diabetes” (for adults aged> 18 years diagnosed with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes) and two independent county-level variables: percentage of days ³ NAAQS for ozone and PM_2.5 concentration levels while controlling for confounders.

Results:

At the county …

Perspectives Of African American And Hispanic/Latino Individuals On Hiv Molecular Cluster Detection, Maxwell Richardson, Brendan H. Pulsifer, Jane Yoon Scott, David Holland, Eleanor W. Garlow, Pascale Wortley, Daniel Mauck, Jenna Gettings, Valeria Cantos, Masonia Traylor, Eric Rangel, David Folkes, Carlos Saldana

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Responding to HIV clusters detected using molecular data has been shown to reduce transmission and improve testing, treatment, and prevention. However, there are varied opinions about the use of cluster detection activities, and some advocates have raised concerns about patient consent, data security, and the potential for HIV criminalization. Incorporating the perspectives of marginalized populations that are disproportionately affected by HIV is essential to understanding the diversity of those perspectives, yet it is often overlooked in the literature. Thus, our study seeks to highlight the perspectives of Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino individuals in the Southern United States on HIV …

Integrating Postnatal Care Into The Redesign Of Group Care Beyond Birth, Ashley Gresh, Astrid Van Damme, Deborah Lynn Billings Phd, Sharon Schindler Rising, Shaimaa Ibrahim, Abiola Ajibola, Ellen Chirwa, Jennyfer Don-Aki, Nastassia Donoho, Manodj Hindori, Nafisa Jiddawi, Emeka Kanebi, Esnath Kapito, Catherine Kay, Tara Kinra, Vlorian Milliqaj, Bolanle Oyeledun, Marlies E.B. Rijnders, Octavia Wiseman, Ghutai Sadeq Yaqubi, Crystal L. Patil

Faculty Publications

Background

Globally, alarmingly high rates of maternal and infant mortality and morbidity persist. A constellation of health system and social factors contribute to this, including poor quality and barriers to accessing health care, including preventive services. As such, there have been calls for a redesign of maternal and child health (MCH) services. Although group care has primarily been tested in antenatal settings, it offers a promising redesign that optimizes maternal and child health care, survival, and well-being. The purpose of this study was to produce a blueprint of an adapted group care model that integrates postnatal maternal care, well-child care, …

Individual And Community-Level Factors Influencing Hiv Testing Among Malawian Women, Miniratu Coker Lawal

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The HIV/AIDS epidemic poses a significant public health challenge in Malawi, where women aged 15-49 years experience a higher HIV prevalence (10.8%) compared to men (7.0%). Despite free testing services, 17% of Malawian women have never been tested for HIV, hindering early diagnosis and treatment that could reduce transmission rates. Using Anderson's framework for health service utilization, this study examined how demographic factors (age, marital status, ethnicity, residence) and socioeconomic factors (education, wealth, employment) influence HIV testing among Malawian women aged 15-49 years. Two research questions guided this investigation: 1) the association between demographic factors and HIV testing after controlling …

Plasma Micrornas To Select Optimal Patients For Antibody Production From Anti-Addiction Vaccines, Thomas R Kosten, Amrit Koirala, David A Nielsen, Coreen B Domingo, Ynhi T Thomas, Preethi H Gunaratne, Cristian Coarfa

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Cocaine and illicit amphetamines (disguised as “Adderall”) are being laced with fentanyl and producing accidental and intentional fatal overdoses. Vaccines can prevent these overdoses, but 33% of humans generate insufficient anti-drug antibody (AB) levels. Plasma microRNAs (miRs) can be used to predict non-responders. We have plasma stored from 152 cocaine vaccine trial participants following three vaccinations over 9 weeks and examined miRs as potential response biomarkers. Methods: We compared 2517 miRs before anti-cocaine vaccination in participants with the highest (n = 25) to the lowest (n = 23) antibody levels. False Discovery Rates (FDRs) were applied to identify differentially …

Impact Of N-Acetylcysteine In Non-Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure: A Retrospective Analysis, Edward Ramirez, Alana Whittaker, Kaylee Putney

Annual Research Symposium

N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been widely used in the treatment of liver failure secondary to acetaminophen overdose. At Valley Hospital Medical Center (VHMC) and other Valley Health System hospitals, NAC has been used as an off-label treatment for non-acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure (NAI-ALF) and ischemic hepatitis. Studies have shown NAC is safe for use in NAI-ALF and may provide a survival benefit in native liver without transplantation. While some evidence suggests potential benefits of NAC for NAI-ALF, lack of robust, high-quality studies limits its widespread adoption and routine use. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of NAC …

Task-Shifting And Task-Sharing In Low And Middle-Income Countries (Lmic’S): Impact On Surgical Outcomes And Global Healthcare Delivery, Nate Nyberg, Matthew Hill, Anna Liles, Elizabeth Amera, Sarah Ngo, Triston Crook

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Innovations And Adaptations Of Laparoscopic Surgery To Resource-Limited Settings In Low And Middle-Income Countries (Lmic’S), Nate Nyberg, Kennedy Scheele, Chelsea Chang, Erica Tutuwan, Sarah Siddiqui

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Understanding Quality Of Life Impacts Of Hepatitis Delta Virus: A Mixed Methods Approach, Asnia Rafiq, Beatrice Zovich Mph

Annual Research Symposium

Research on quality of life (QoL) impacts of hepatitis D virus (HDV) is limited due to lack of epidemiological information and sometimes limited information about symptoms. This research is crucial to understanding the importance of furthering research on HDV, especially considering a markedly increased risk of liver carcinoma and liver disease with severe cirrhosis.

Optimizing Elderly Care: A Data-Driven Ai Model For Predicting Polypharmacy Risk In The Elderly Using Share Data., Eman Ramadan

Pharmacy

Background: Aging is frequently accompanied by multimorbidity, the presence of multiple chronic conditions, which contributes to declines in both cognitive and physical function and presents complex health challenges. One such challenge is Polypharmacy (PP), defined as the concurrent use of more than five medications. Methods: We used data from participants older than 50 years who were present in wave 6 and at least one of the subsequent three waves of the SHARE study, aiming to predict PP risk at 2, 4, and 6-year intervals. We selected the predictor variables using LASSO regression and evaluated eight ML models using a rigorous …

Designing Patient-Centered Interventions For Emergency Care: Participatory Design Study, Woosuk Seo, Shruti Jain, Vivian Le, Jiaqi Li, Zhan Zhang, Hardeep Singh, Kalyan Pasupathy, Prashant Mahajan, Sun Young Park

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Emergency departments (EDs) are high-pressure environments where clinicians diagnose patients under significant constraints, including limited medical histories, severe time pressures, and frequent interruptions. Current ED care practices often inadequately support meaningful patient participation. Most interventions prioritize clinical workflow and health care provider communication, inadvertently overlooking patients' needs. Additionally, patient-facing technologies in EDs are typically developed without meaningful patient input, leading to solutions that may not effectively address patients' specific challenges. To enhance both patient-centered care practices and the diagnosis process in EDs, patient involvement in technology design is essential to ensure their needs during emergency care are understood and …

Evidence Of Poor Oral Health For Individuals With Cardiovascular Disease, Maya Dagher, Ryan Moffat

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.