Public Health Commons^™

The Safety Of Maximal Exercise Testing, Larry W. Gibbons, Steven N. Blair, Harold W. Kohl Iii, Kenneth H. Cooper

Faculty Publications

Previous reports on the safety of exercise testing have been based on surveys from different testing facilities with a variety of testing protocols and patient types. From 1971 through 1987, 71,914 maximal exercise tests conducted in a population with a low prevalence of known coronary heart disease under uniform conditions at a single medical facility resulted in six major cardiac complications including one death. No complications have occurred in the past 10 years in 45,000 maximal tests. The overall cardiac complication rate in men and women is 0.8 complications per 10,000 tests with 95% confidence intervals of 0.3-1.9 complications per …

How Do Harpacticoid Grazing Rates Differ Over A Tidal Cycle? Field Verification Using Chlorophyll-Pigment Analyses, Alan W. Decho

Faculty Publications

Four species of meiobenthic copepods were examined for diatom feeding. Microscopic analysis of gut-pellet contents from field-collected individuals indicated frequent ingestion of diatoms by 3 harpacticoids (Scottolana canadensis, Microarthridion littorale, Cletocamptus deitersi) while occasional diatom ingestion occurred Paronychocamptus huntsmani. Frustules were usually empty and broken, indicating that contents were digested. Laboratory experiments using ¹⁴C-labeling showed assimilation of diatoms by the 3 species examined. Field grazing rate studies were conducted over different portions of a tidal cycle using fluorescent chlorophyll-pigment analysis of gut-contents. Highest diatom consumption (p<0.05) occurred just after the mudflat became exposed (i.e. Early Low Water level, ELW) for S. canadensis, while consumption at Late Low Water …

Water-Cover Influences On Diatom Ingestion Rates By Meiobenthic Copepods, Alan W. Decho

Faculty Publications

Laboratory experiments on meiobenthic copepods using ¹⁴C-diatoms were conducted to investigate whether: (1) feeding rates or (2) food sources (planktonically-suspended foods or benthic sediment-associated foods) vary in response to the presence or absence of water-cover (i.e. simulated Higher-water vs Low-water conditions). Three diatom-feeding harpacticoids were examined. Scottolana canadensis feeds at significantly higher rates (2x) during Higher-water (HW) conditions (P<0.001), at which time it consumes planktonic foods; during Low-water (LW), feeding is greatly reduced. These feeding patterns are related to its burrow-dwelling and to its subtidal habitat. Cletocamptus deitersi remains virtually unaffected by changes in ambient water-cover, feeding at nearly equal rates during HW and LW conditions but always tending to consume more benthic diatoms. Microarthridion littorale consumes food at nearly equal rates during HW and LW …

Associations Of Resting Heart Rate With Concentrations Of Lipoprotein Subfractions In Sedentary Men, Paul T. Williams, William L. Haskell, Karen M. Vranizan, Steven N. Blair, Ronald M. Krauss, Robert Superko, John J. Albers, Barbara Frey-Hewitt, Peter D. Wood

Faculty Publications

In major prospective studies it has been reported that high heart rate at rest predicts the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) or cardiovascular disease (CVD) in men, but the mechanisms producing these relationships are unknown. Since lipoprotein levels contribute strongly to the risk of CHD and CVD, we examined the relationship of resting heart rate to plasma concentrations of high-density (HDL), low-density (LDL), and very low-density (VLDL) lipoproteins, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and A-II, and serum concentrations of lipoprotein subfractions in 81 men to determine if atherogenic lipoproteins could potentially induce the reported association of heart rate with development of …

Comparison Of Haitian Children In A Nutrition Intervention Programme With Children In The Haitian National Nutrition Survey, G. G. Berggren, James R. Hébert, C. M. Waternaux

Faculty Publications

Weight-for-height and height-for-age data were compared for preschool-age Haitian children enrolled in a community health and nutrition intervention programme and children measured in the Haiti national nutrition survey of 1978. Cross-sections of the longitudinal data of the intervention programme corresponding to the season when the national survey was conducted (May to September) were chosen for the three years of available programme data (1969, 1970, 1971). Significantly less stunting was found in children in the 1970 and 1971 intervention group than in the children covered by the national survey. Tests of trend also showed that the height (or length) status of …

Association Between Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors And Physical Fitness In Healthy Adult Women, Larry W. Gibbons, Steven N. Blair, Kenneth H. Cooper, Mike Smith

Faculty Publications

We examined associations between physical fitness and risk factors for coronary heart disease in healthy women ages 18-65 years. Physical fitness was objectively determined by the duration of a maximal treadmill exercise test. Six physical fitness categories (very poor to superior), specific within 10-year age increments, were established. Mean risk factor levels varied across categories, but so did potential confounders such as age and weight. Multiple linear regression modeling was used to control for the effects of age, weight and year of exam on coronary risk factors. After adjustment, physical fitness was independently associated with triglycerides (p < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p less …

Does Weight Loss Cause The Exercise-Induced Increase In Plasma High Density Lipoproteins?, Paul T. Williams, Peter D. Wood, Ronald M. Krauss, William L. Haskell, Karen M. Vranizan, Steven N. Blair, Richard Terry, John W. Farquhar

Faculty Publications

Studies showing an increase in plasma concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) with moderate exercise have usually rejected the role of body weight change in the HDL-C raising process, ostensibly because the amount of weight lost has been negligible. To investigate HDL-C changes more thoroughly, we followed initially sedentary middle-aged men randomly assigned to either a moderate running (N=36) or a sedentary control (N=28) group for one year. Among runners, one-year changes in plasma HDL-C concentrations correlated strongly with their body weight changes (r = -0.53, P < 0.001). Curve-fitting procedures and regression analysis suggested that processes associated with weight change produce much of the plasma HDL-C changes induced by moderate exercise and that changes in HDL-C concentration predominantly reflect changes in the reputedly anti-atherogenic HDL2 sub-component. Further, the interaction between weight change and plasma HDL-C concentration was significantly different (P

Improved Public Health Practices In A Disadvantaged Rural Community, William H. Groff, Beatrice E. Manning

Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station

No abstract provided.

Lice Of Public Health Importance And Their Control, Harry D. Pratt, Kent S. Littig

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Library Materials

Lice have been intimately associated with man for centuries. Infestations with lice occur today in the United States and many other countries despite great efforts to maintain high standards of public health. Public health agencies are often called upon if infestations include or expose large groups of people, particularly those in public institutions such as schools, jails, hospitals, or homes for the aged.

The three sucking lice that infest humans are: the body louse (Pedlculus humanus humanus), the head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis), and the crab louse (Pthirus pubis). The body louse is the …

Barriers To Attainment Of Health Care In West Central Maine : A Critique By The Poor, Health Facilities Planning Council

Maine Collection

Barriers to Attainment of Health Care in West Central Maine : A Critique by the Poor

"Conducted by the Health Facilities Planning Council, 11 Parkwood Drive, Augusta, Maine under contract to Maine Department of Health and Welfare, June, 1969."

Contents: Foreword / Table of Contents / Introduction / Map / Franklin County / Housing / Dental Rot / Franklin County Memorial Hospital / Family Planning / RN's / State Public Health Nurses / Unmet Health Needs / The Last Outpost / Home Visit in Farmington Falls / Home Visit in Industry / Home Visit in Rangeley Area / Conversations on …

Health At The Preschool Ages, Hubert Stanley Coffey

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

The preschool child is the forgotten child of our health programs. When the community undertakes a health program of a preventive kind such as vaccination or health examination, too frequently it is limited to those children attending the public schools. Here the children are assembled and it is easier to carry out any specific health measure. The public health nurse or official may more easily identify diseases among these children. Because of their close association, epidemics among children are thought more dangerous and are more easily coped with. But such measures are just as urgently needed with the preschool child.