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Articles 511 - 540 of 548
Full-Text Articles in Public Health
South Africa: Who Uses Youth Centers And Why?, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
South Africa: Who Uses Youth Centers And Why?, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
In 2000, the Reproductive Health Research Unit in KwaZulu Natal and the Population Council conducted an assessment of 12 youth centers and 7 affiliated peer education programs. The 12 centers, located in urban, peri-urban, and rural areas, offer very different services. The two centers of the KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health focus on providing reproductive health (RH) information and services to adolescents. The six centers of the Youth and Adolescent Reproductive Health Project provide a broader range of youth-friendly RH services, including counseling and life skills education, as well as modest recreational activities. The four centers run by loveLife have large …
Zambia: Peer Educators Can Promote Safer Sex Behaviors, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Zambia: Peer Educators Can Promote Safer Sex Behaviors, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
Zambian adolescents are at high risk of unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and HIV infection due to early sexual initiation, low use of contraceptives and condoms, and other high-risk sexual behaviors. During 1996–1998, CARE Zambia and the Population Council conducted a study to test community-based approaches to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health. CARE Zambia talked to adolescents in four communities outside Lusaka. Using participatory learning and action techniques, researchers identified factors leading to high-risk sexual behaviors, including lack of economic, recreational, and educational opportunities for youth. This information helped to design the study. Two interventions—condom distribution by peer …
Zambia: Los Educadores Juveniles Pueden Promover Comportamientos Sexuales Más Seguros, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Zambia: Los Educadores Juveniles Pueden Promover Comportamientos Sexuales Más Seguros, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
Los adolescentes de Zambia corren un alto riesgo de embarazos no deseados, infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) e infección por el VIH debido a la iniciación sexual temprana, el bajo uso de anticonceptivos y condones, y otros comportamientos sexuales de alto riesgo. Durante 1996–98, CARE Zambia, con el apoyo del Population Council, realizó un estudio para probar estrategias comunitarias para mejorar la salud sexual y reproductiva de los adolescentes. CARE Zambia habló con los adolescentes de cuatro comunidades ubicadas fuera de Lusaka. Los investigadores identificaron, mediante técnicas de aprendizaje y acción participativos, un gran número de factores que producen comportamientos …
Biomedical Research Leaders: Report On Needs, Opportunities, Difficulties, Education And Training, And Evaluation, Samuel H. Wilson, Deborah Brown, Jay Moskowitz, Dan Hurley, David Brown, David Brown, Byron J. Bailey, Michael Mcclain, Marilyn Misenhimer, Judith Buckalew, Thomas Burks
Biomedical Research Leaders: Report On Needs, Opportunities, Difficulties, Education And Training, And Evaluation, Samuel H. Wilson, Deborah Brown, Jay Moskowitz, Dan Hurley, David Brown, David Brown, Byron J. Bailey, Michael Mcclain, Marilyn Misenhimer, Judith Buckalew, Thomas Burks
Faculty Publications
The National Association of Physicians for the Environment (NAPE) has assumed a leadership role in protecting environmental health in recent years. The Committee of Biomedical Research Leaders was convened at the recent NAPE Leadership Conference: Biomedical Research and the Environment held on 1–2 November 1999, at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland. This report summarizes the discussion of the committee and its recommendations. The charge to the committee was to raise and address issues that will promote and sustain environmental health, safety, and energy efficiency within the biomedical community. Leaders from every important research sector (industry laboratories, academic health …
How Tuberculosis Threatens Supporters And Opponents Of Racial Profiling, Ibpp Editor
How Tuberculosis Threatens Supporters And Opponents Of Racial Profiling, Ibpp Editor
International Bulletin of Political Psychology
This article explores peculiarities of logic and reason among supporters and opponents of racial profiling as a tool of developing and implementing public policy.
Peer Education And Hiv/Aids: Past Experience, Future Directions, Deanna Kerrigan, Ellen Weiss
Peer Education And Hiv/Aids: Past Experience, Future Directions, Deanna Kerrigan, Ellen Weiss
HIV and AIDS
Peer education typically involves training and supporting members of a given group to effect change among members of the same group. Peer education is often used to effect changes in knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors at the individual level. However, peer education may also create change at the group or societal level by modifying norms and stimulating collective action that contributes to changes in policies and programs. Worldwide, peer education is one of the most widely used strategies to address the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This report presents findings from a project designed to identify components and principles that influence HIV/AIDS peer …
Egypt: Family Planning Providers Should Encourage Clients To Discuss Sexual Problems, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Egypt: Family Planning Providers Should Encourage Clients To Discuss Sexual Problems, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
This 1999 study examined the feasibility and impact of introducing the discussion of sexuality during family planning (FP) consultations. Conducted by the Population Council in collaboration with the Egyptian Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP), the study took place in four MOHP clinics and two affiliated private clinics. Nurses and physicians at all six clinics attended a two-day training session on contraceptives with an emphasis on barrier methods. Providers in the three clinics that had been randomly chosen as intervention sites also received three days of training on sexuality, gender, and counseling skills. To assess the acceptability of sexuality counseling …
Egipto: Los Proveedores De Servicios De Planificación Deben Motivar A Sus Clientas A Hablar De Sus Problemas De Sexualidad, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Egipto: Los Proveedores De Servicios De Planificación Deben Motivar A Sus Clientas A Hablar De Sus Problemas De Sexualidad, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
No abstract provided.
Egypte: Les Prestataires De Service De Planification Familiale Doivent Encourage Les Discussions Sur Les Problèmes Sexuels, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Egypte: Les Prestataires De Service De Planification Familiale Doivent Encourage Les Discussions Sur Les Problèmes Sexuels, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
No abstract provided.
Mali: Empower Health Workers To Advocate Against Female Genital Cutting, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Mali: Empower Health Workers To Advocate Against Female Genital Cutting, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
The various initiatives to eradicate FGC in Mali over the past two decades have had little impact on this traditional practice. This study assessed the use of health personnel to combat FGC, as recommended by the World Health Organization. Conducted in 1998 by the Association de Soutien au Developpement des Activites de Population, a nongovernmental organization, and the Ministry of Health, the study covered 14 urban and rural health centers in Bamako and Segou. In the eight health centers that served as experimental sites, 59 health providers, including physicians, midwives, nurses, and aides, attended a three-day training course on identifying …
Mali: Pour Une Plus Grande Responsabilisation Des Agents De Santé Dans Le Plaidoyer Contre L'Excision, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Mali: Pour Une Plus Grande Responsabilisation Des Agents De Santé Dans Le Plaidoyer Contre L'Excision, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
No abstract provided.
Egypt: Expand Access To Postabortion Care, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Egypt: Expand Access To Postabortion Care, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
The Population Council has supported a series of studies to improve the quality of postabortion care (PAC) in Egypt. A 1994 pilot study in two Egyptian hospitals showed that upgrading PAC and training physicians in manual vacuum aspiration (MVA), infection control, and counseling led to significant improvements in the care of postabortion patients. The 1997 study, conducted by the Egyptian Fertility Care Society with support from the Population Council, sought to institutionalize improved postabortion medical care and counseling procedures in ten hospitals. Five senior physicians from each hospital attended a five-day training course in MVA, infection control, and family planning …
Egypte: Développer L'Accès Aux Soins Après Avortement, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Egypte: Développer L'Accès Aux Soins Après Avortement, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
No abstract provided.
Mali: Fgc Excisors Persist Despite Entreaties, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Mali: Fgc Excisors Persist Despite Entreaties, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
About 94 percent of Malian women aged 15–49 have experienced female genital cutting (FGC). In Mali, FGC is associated with serious gynecological and obstetric complications. In 1998, the National Center of Scientific and Technological Research of the Mali Ministry of Secondary and Higher Education and Scientific Research conducted an evaluation of programs to eradicate FGC. The study assessed the work of three national nongovernmental organizations working in Bamako and five regions of Mali. These NGOs had attempted to persuade traditional practitioners of FGC (“excisors”) to abandon the practice. All three NGOs employed outreach workers to educate excisors and community members …
Mali: Les Exciseuses Persistent Malgré Les Supplications, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Mali: Les Exciseuses Persistent Malgré Les Supplications, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
No abstract provided.
Identifying The Behavior, Attitudes, And Knowledge Of Tobacco Use Among Students Enrolled In Orientation Courses In Six Community Colleges In The Tennessee Board Of Regents System, G. E. Boone
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine the behavior, attitudes, and knowledge regarding tobacco use of students enrolled in orientation courses in Tennessee community colleges. The six community colleges selected for the study were members of the Tennessee Board of Regents system that offered mandatory orientation courses. Data were collected by use of the College Tobacco Behavior, Attitude, and Knowledge Survey . A response rate of (72.5%) from 700 students was analyzed. Three research questions guided the study and 17 null hypotheses were formulated and tested at the.05 alpha level of significance. Data were analyzed by using t -tests, …
Is Old Bridge High School Meeting The Needs Of All Students' Knowledge With Respect To The Hiv/Aids Curriculum?, Dawn Forgerson
Is Old Bridge High School Meeting The Needs Of All Students' Knowledge With Respect To The Hiv/Aids Curriculum?, Dawn Forgerson
Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)
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Implementing A Reproductive Health Agenda In India: The Beginning, Saroj Pachauri
Implementing A Reproductive Health Agenda In India: The Beginning, Saroj Pachauri
Reproductive Health
At the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in 1994, the nations of the world agreed to give special attention to girls’ education, women’s health, infant survival, and women’s empowerment, and to provide comprehensive reproductive health (RH) services to enable couples to achieve their reproductive goals. The government of India launched a reproductive and child health program in October 1997. This book begins a review of the processes underway to operationalize the program. It brings together several important initiatives at various stages of development and examines key policy and program issues based on empirical research and field experience. The …
The Nature, Scope, And Consequences Of Drug And Alcohol Use Of Students Enrolled At Three Southern Appalachian Community Colleges, Jewel D. Morgan
The Nature, Scope, And Consequences Of Drug And Alcohol Use Of Students Enrolled At Three Southern Appalachian Community Colleges, Jewel D. Morgan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The primary purpose of this study was to determine the nature, scope, and consequences of drug and alcohol use by students enrolled at three southern Appalachian community colleges: Mountain Empire Community College (MECC) in Virginia, Northeast State Technical Community College (NSTCC) in Tennessee, and Southwestern Community College (SCC) in North Carolina. An additional purpose was to use this information to formulate recommendations for new and improved preventive substance-abuse programs. The design for this study was descriptive research. The Core Alcohol and Drug Survey (CORE) was selected as the appropriate instrument for use in this study. The 23-item questionnaire was designed …
Incentive Schemes For School Attendance In Rural Bangladesh, Sajeda Amin, Gilda Sedgh
Incentive Schemes For School Attendance In Rural Bangladesh, Sajeda Amin, Gilda Sedgh
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This paper examines the impact of two incentive schemes on school attendance in rural Bangladesh: a food-for-education program for poor primary school children and a female secondary school scholarship scheme. The data come from an in-depth village study, before and after the programs went into effect. Both programs provide direct financial incentives to families to send their children to and keep them in school. The data also allow for an assessment of an informal school program sponsored by BRAC, a national non-governmental institution, at the study sites. School enrollment in the target population increased more rapidly than would have been …
Workshop On Youth Across Asia, John Townsend, Ann P. Mccauley, Kokila Agarwal
Workshop On Youth Across Asia, John Townsend, Ann P. Mccauley, Kokila Agarwal
Reproductive Health
The issues facing youth across Asia are as diverse as the cultures they represent. Issues involving schooling, employment, sexuality, and marriage take on increased significance for young people aged 10–24 in every country. Decisions made by youth and their families will dramatically affect their individual welfare. Few programs outside of public education systems exist at a sufficiently large scale to assist youth. Decisions to stay in school, opportunities to learn skills and manage resources, the exercise of sexual responsibility, and the process of family formation all impact both personal welfare and community development. Gender-equality issues compound many of the problems. …
Collegiate Activities That Influence Adult Physical Fitness Habits, Linda L. King
Collegiate Activities That Influence Adult Physical Fitness Habits, Linda L. King
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This descriptive/correlational study analyzed the perception of recent graduates regarding the effectiveness of the college environment at Milligan College in influencing adult fitness habits. Graduates were divided into five activity level groups through a self-report of physical activity. The purposes of the research were to determine if significant differences existed between the dependent variable, activity level, and the independent variables such as: (a) participation in specific college activities, (b) preferences for types of exercise, (c) social influence, (d) influence of a required freshman fitness course, and (e) environmental barriers. A profile of the student most likely to exercise after graduation …
Gender Differences In The Schooling Experiences Of Adolescents In Low-Income Countries: The Case Of Kenya, Barbara Mensch, Cynthia B. Lloyd
Gender Differences In The Schooling Experiences Of Adolescents In Low-Income Countries: The Case Of Kenya, Barbara Mensch, Cynthia B. Lloyd
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Little research on education in developing countries has focused on adolescent issues at the same time, despite the fact that a growing proportion of young people are spending some time in school during the phase of their lives between puberty and marriage, there is little research on schooling as a key dimension of the adolescent experience. This paper examines the school environment in Kenya and the potential ways it can help or hinder adolescents. We focus on gender differences with a view toward illuminating some of the factors that may present particular obstacles or opportunities for girls. The paper begins …
The Youth Empowerment Project: Strengthening Ngo Management, Research And Service Delivery Capabilities In Botswana, Mercy Rapelesega, Naomi Rutenberg
The Youth Empowerment Project: Strengthening Ngo Management, Research And Service Delivery Capabilities In Botswana, Mercy Rapelesega, Naomi Rutenberg
Reproductive Health
In an expansion of its efforts to fight a growing HIV epidemic and high teenage pregnancy rates, the Government of Botswana is encouraging nongovernmental organizations (NG0s) to be more active in providing reproductive health (RH) services, and especially HIV/AIDS education and care, to adolescents. NG0s have the potential to assume a larger role as health and education providers as well as implement pilot projects that the public health sector could learn from to increase the availability and quality of RH services for youth. The Africa OR/TA Project II designed and implemented the Youth Empowerment Project (YEP) to assist youth-oriented NG0s …
Ben Finney's Review Of Willie Dari, Vasiti Ligairi, And Solange Petit-Skinner's Adolescents In Fiji, Ben Finney
Ben Finney's Review Of Willie Dari, Vasiti Ligairi, And Solange Petit-Skinner's Adolescents In Fiji, Ben Finney
Pacific Studies
No abstract provided.
Southern Appalachian Settlement Schools As Early Initiators Of Integrated Services, Eloise H. Jurgens
Southern Appalachian Settlement Schools As Early Initiators Of Integrated Services, Eloise H. Jurgens
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This historical-descriptive study examined Southern Appalachian settlement schools as early initiators of integrated health and social services with education from the 1900s through the 1970s. Three schools were studied: Hindman Settlement School (KY), Pine Mountain Settlement School (KY) and Crossnore School, Inc. (NC). The purpose of the study was to determine the type and extent of services provided, the relationship of the settlement schools with their respective county public school system, and the transfer, if any, of integrated services from the settlement schools to public schools as the public schools took over educational responsibilities once offered by the settlement schools. …
A Case Study Of An Elementary School-Based Health Clinic, Sheila K. Jones
A Case Study Of An Elementary School-Based Health Clinic, Sheila K. Jones
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to perform a qualitative analysis of an elementary school-based health clinic (SBHC). This situational analysis was performed to further understand the impact of accessible primary health care on an elementary school population. Data were collected through 30 participant interviews of parents, educators and medical personnel. Additional data were collected through the clinic files, and a t-test was used to compare the attendance and achievement data of clinic consumers for the clinic year against records from the previous year. The researcher presented information on the steps of SBHC development to include community campaign procedures. The …
Adolescent Family Life Education: Review Of Curriculum, Ladly Faiz, Hasina Banu, Devi Sharma
Adolescent Family Life Education: Review Of Curriculum, Ladly Faiz, Hasina Banu, Devi Sharma
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Adolescents, who are about 23 percent of the total population of Bangladesh, are entitled to grow up as healthy and responsible members of society. The Adolescent Life Education (ALE) program ensures the rights of this large section of the population and helps them develop as healthy and responsible members of their family and society. ALE is internationally known as Family Life Education, and its incorporation in Bangladesh’s education sphere is a recent phenomenon. Due to rapid social change worldwide, the young generation is presently facing an enormous problem coping with the erosion of traditional family, social life, and values. Adolescent …
Lessons Learned From A Community-Based Distribution Programme In Rural Bihar, S. Parveen, M.E. Khan, John Townsend, Bella C. Patel
Lessons Learned From A Community-Based Distribution Programme In Rural Bihar, S. Parveen, M.E. Khan, John Townsend, Bella C. Patel
Reproductive Health
The state of Bihar in North India ranks near the bottom of the Indian states in terms of its demographic situation. The infant mortality rate as of 1991 was 69 per 1,000, and the contraceptive prevalence rate as of 1990 was 26 percent. Bihar ranks near the bottom among other states of India in almost all indicators of social and economic development. One reason for its low performance is weak management. Besides poverty, a poor communications network and lack of proper infrastructure further make the implementation of programs difficult. Workers have misconceptions about FP methods, and educational activities are poorly …
Breast Self Examination: A Healthy Approach: Teaching Manual, Margaret Imeson, Molly Mccartney
Breast Self Examination: A Healthy Approach: Teaching Manual, Margaret Imeson, Molly Mccartney
Research outputs pre 2011
The theme of this health teaching package is breast care with an emphasis on step-by-step instruction f0r breast self examination. The package has been designed to guide health professionals in the facilitation of workshops and discussion groups promoting breast care for women. Materials included in the manual may be adapted to suit audience requirements...