Public Health Commons^™

Single Cell Sequencing Analysis Of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Infected Pediatric And Adult Human Nose Organoids Reveals Age Differences, Proliferative Diversity And Identifies Novel Cellular Tropism, Anubama Rajan, Divya Nagaraj, Carolyn Bomidi, Gina M Aloisio, Ashley M Murray, Emily M Schultz, Amal Kambal, Mary K Estes, Erin Nicholson, Vasanthi Avadhanula, Sarah E Blutt, Pedro A Piedra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of infant death across the globe. Age is a significant factor that contributes to the severity of infection in young children. RSV primarily infects the ciliated cells of the airway epithelium, induces mucus hypersecretion, and impaired mucociliary clearance. Better understanding of RSV infection at the cellular level is needed for the development of effective therapeutic interventions. To investigate the age difference and comprehensively understand gene signatures associated with RSV infection, we performed single-cell transcriptomic analysis of adult and pediatric human nose organoids (HNOs) infected with RSV. Our analysis revealed a significant difference …

The Effect Of Chronic Azithromycin Use In Winter On Health Care Utilization For Children With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Study (Rct), Ricardo A Mosquera, Aravind Yadav, Maria Del Mar Romero-Lopez, Ivan G Magana-Ceballos, S Shahrukh Hashmi, Wilfredo De Jesus Rojas, Maria E Tellez, Kaleigh Riggs-Harpur, Fatima M Boricha, Tina S Reddy, Janice L John, Tomika S Harris, Carlos E Rodriguez-Martinez, Jefferson Buendia, Katrina E Mcbeth, Cindy K Jon, James M Stark, Giuseppe N Colasurdo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease in preterm infants, often leads to acute respiratory exacerbations triggered by infections. Our previous mouse study suggested that azithromycin's anti-inflammatory properties may benefit virus-induced respiratory illnesses prophylactically.

Methods: In this single-center, double-blind RCT, 60 children (6 months to 6 years) with BPD received azithromycin (5 mg/kg three times weekly; n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for one winter season (October to March). Primary outcome was the total number of days of unscheduled healthcare clinic visits, ER visits, and hospital days. Secondary outcomes comprised clinic visits, ER visits, hospital admissions, hospital …

Changes In Antiviral Prescribing For Children With Influenza In Us Emergency Departments., Tess Stopczynski, Olla Hamdan, Justin Z. Amarin, James W. Antoon, Laura S. Stewart, Haya Hayek, James Chappell, Andrew J. Spieker, Eileen J. Klein, Janet A. Englund, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, John V. Williams, Marian G. Michaels, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Mary Allen Staat, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Jennifer E. Schuster, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Ayzsa Tannis, Heidi L. Moline, Samantha M. Olson, Natasha B. Halasa

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

IMPORTANCE: Despite national recommendations, antiviral prescribing in emergency departments (EDs) for children at higher risk of severe influenza, such as those younger than 5 years and those with specific underlying conditions, remains low.

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether there were changes in antiviral prescribing for children at higher risk of severe influenza in academic pediatric EDs before the COVID-19 pandemic (2016-2020) vs the late pandemic period (2021-2023).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This multicenter, cross-sectional study included influenza-positive children younger than 18 years presenting to the ED at 1 of 7 US pediatric academic hospitals participating in the Centers for Disease Control …

Antiviral Use Among Children Hospitalized With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza Illness: A Prospective, Multicenter Surveillance Study., James W. Antoon, Justin Z. Amarin, Olla Hamdan, Tess Stopczynski, Laura S. Stewart, Marian G. Michaels, John V. Williams, Eileen J. Klein, Janet A. Englund, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, Jennifer E. Schuster, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J. Harrison, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Flor M. Muñoz, Mary Allen Staat, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, James D. Chappell, Benjamin R. Clopper, Heidi L. Moline, Angela P. Campbell, Andrew J. Spieker, Samantha M. Olson, Natasha B. Halasa

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Guidelines state that all hospitalized children with suspected or confirmed influenza receive prompt treatment with influenza-specific antivirals. We sought to determine the frequency of, and factors associated with, antiviral receipt among hospitalized children.

METHODS: We conducted active surveillance of children presenting with fever or respiratory symptoms from 1 December 2016 to 31 March 2020 at 7 pediatric medical centers in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network. The cohort consisted of children hospitalized with influenza A or B confirmed by clinical or research testing. The primary outcome was frequency of antiviral receipt during hospitalization. We used logistic regression to obtain adjusted …

Scenario Projections Of Covid-19 Burden In The Us, 2024-2025, Sara L Loo, Sung-Mok Jung, Lucie Contamin, Emily Howerton, Samantha J Bents, Harry Hochheiser, Michael C Runge, Claire P Smith, Erica C Carcelén, Katie Yan, Joseph C Lemaitre, Emily Przykucki, Clifton D Mckee, Koji Sato, Allison L Hill, Matteo Chinazzi, Jessica T Davis, Clara Bay, Alessandro Vespignani, Shi Chen, Rajib Paul, Daniel Janies, Jean-Claude Thill, Sean M Moore, T Alex Perkins, Ajitesh Srivastava, Majd Al Aawar, Kaiming Bi, Shraddha Ramdas Bandekar, Anass Bouchnita, Spencer J Fox, Lauren Ancel Meyers, Przemyslaw Porebski, Srinivasan Venkatramanan, Bryan Lewis, Jiangzhuo Chen, Madhav Marathe, Michal Ben-Nun, James Turtle, Pete Riley, Katriona Shea, Cécile Viboud, Justin Lessler, Shaun Truelove

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: COVID-19 remains a disease with high burden in the US, prompting continued debate about optimal targets for annual vaccination.

Objective: To project COVID-19 burden in the US for April 2024 to April 2025 under 6 scenarios of immune escape (20% and 50% per year) and levels of vaccine recommendation (no recommendation, vaccination for individuals at high risk only, vaccination for all eligible groups) and to assess the potential benefit of vaccine recommendations in reducing disease burden.

Design, setting, and participants: For this decision analytical model, the US Scenario Modeling Hub, a collaborative modeling effort, convened 9 teams to provide …

Clinical Testing For Covid-19, Influenza, And Rsv In Hospitalized Youths, 2016-2024., Ariana P. Toepfer, Rachel E. Rutkowski, Leila C. Sahni, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Marian G. Michaels, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Mary Allen Staat, Natasha Halasa, Janet A. Englund, Julie A. Boom, Peter G. Szilagyi, Jennifer E. Schuster, Elizabeth P P. Schlaudecker, Laura S. Stewart, Eileen J. Klein, Samantha M. Olson, Sascha Ellington, Meredith L. Mcmorrow, Heidi L. Moline, Fatimah S. Dawood, New Vaccine Surveillance Network Collaborators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

IMPORTANCE: Studies of COVID-19, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease clinical epidemiology, disease burden, and vaccine effectiveness often rely on clinical testing to identify cases, particularly with increasing use of electronic health record data. However, few data are available describing clinical testing practices to inform interpretation of these studies.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize clinical testing frequency for SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and RSV among children and adolescents hospitalized with acute respiratory illness during the 2016 to 2024 respiratory illness seasons by age, intensive care unit admission, and time period (2016-2020 and each season in 2020-2024); estimate the case fraction missed by clinical …

Polygenic Prediction Of Body Mass Index And Obesity Through The Life Course And Across Ancestries, Roelof A J Smit, Kaitlin H Wade, Qin Hui, Joshua D Arias, Xianyong Yin, Malene R Christiansen, Loic Yengo, Michael H Preuss, Mariam Nakabuye, Ghislain Rocheleau, Sarah E Graham, Victoria L Buchanan, Geetha Chittoor, Marielisa Graff, Marta Guindo-Martínez, Yingchang Lu, Eirini Marouli, Saori Sakaue, Cassandra N Spracklen, Sailaja Vedantam, Emma P Wilson, Shyh-Huei Chen, Teresa Ferreira, Yingjie Ji, Tugce Karaderi, Kreete Lüll, Moara Machado, Deborah E Malden, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Amy Moore, Sina Rüeger, Masato Akiyama, Matthew A Allison, Marcus Alvarez, Mette K Andersen, Vivek Appadurai, Liubov Arbeeva, Eric Bartell, Seema Bhaskar, Lawrence F Bielak, Joshua C Bis, Sailalitha Bollepalli, Jette Bork-Jensen, Jonathan P Bradfield, Yuki Bradford, Caroline Brandl, Peter S Braund, Jennifer A Brody, Ulrich Broeckel, Kristoffer S Burgdorf, Brian E Cade, Qiuyin Cai, Silvia Camarda, Archie Campbell, Marisa Cañadas-Garre, Jin-Fang Chai, Alessandra Chesi, Seung Hoan Choi, Paraskevi Christofidou, Christian Couture, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Rebecca Danning, Frauke Degenhardt, Graciela E Delgado, Alessandro Delitala, Ayşe Demirkan, Xuan Deng, Alexander Dietl, Maria Dimitriou, Latchezar Dimitrov, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Fabian Eichelmann, Anders U Eliasen, Jorgen E Engmann, Michael R Erdos, Zammy Fairhurst-Hunter, Aliki-Eleni Farmaki, Jessica D Faul, Juan-Carlos Fernandez-Lopez, Lukas Forer, Mirjam Frank, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Lars G Fritsche, Christian Fuchsberger, Tessel E Galesloot, Yan Gao, Frank Geller, Olga Giannakopoulou, Franco Giulianini, Anette P Gjesing, Anuj Goel, Scott D Gordon, Mathias Gorski, Jakob Grove, Xiuqing Guo, Stefan Gustafsson, Jeffrey Haessler, Thomas F Hansen, Aki S Havulinna, Simon J Haworth, Nancy Heard-Costa, Daiane Hemerich, Heather M Highland, George Hindy, Yuk-Lam Ho, Edith Hofer, Elizabeth Holliday, Katrin Horn, Whitney E Hornsby, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Hongyan Huang, Jie Huang, Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Shaofeng Huo, Mi Yeong Hwang, Chii-Min Hwu, Hiroyuki Iha, Daisuke D Ikeda, Masato Isono, Anne U Jackson, Iris E Jansen, Yunxuan Jiang, Ingegerd Johansson, Anna Jonsson, Torben Jørgensen, Ioanna P Kalafati, Masahiro Kanai, Stavroula Kanoni, Line L Kårhus, Anuradhani Kasturiratne, Tomohiro Katsuya, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Rachel L Kember, Katherine A Kentistou, Daeeun Kim, Han-Na Kim, Young Jin Kim, Marcus E Kleber, Maria J Knol, Azra Kurbasic, Marie Lauzon, Phuong Le, Rodney Lea, Jong-Young Lee, Wen-Jane Lee, Hampton L Leonard, Hengtong Li, Shengchao A Li, Xiaohui Li, Xiaoyin Li, Jingjing Liang, Honghuang Lin, Kuang Lin, Jun Liu, Xueping Liu, Ken Sin Lo, Jirong Long, Laura Lores-Motta, Jian'an Luan, Valeriya Lyssenko, Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen, Anubha Mahajan, Md Zubbair Malik, Vasiliki Mamakou, Massimo Mangino, Ani Manichaikul, Jonathan Marten, Manuel Mattheisen, Aaron F Mcdaid, Quanshun Mei, Heike Meiselbach, Tori L Melendez, Yuri Milaneschi, Jason E Miller, Iona Y Millwood, Pashupati P Mishra, Ruth E Mitchell, Line T Møllehave, Nina Mononen, Sören Mucha, Matthias Munz, Juha Mykkänen, Masahiro Nakatochi, Giuseppe Giovanni Nardone, Christopher P Nelson, Maria Nethander, Chu Won Nho, Aneta A Nielsen, Ilja M Nolte, Suraj S Nongmaithem, Raymond Noordam, Ioanna Ntalla, Teresa Nutile, Anita Pandit, Marc Pauper, Eva R B Petersen, Liselotte V Petersen, Francesco Piluso, Ozren Polašek, Alaitz Poveda, Saiju Pyarajan, Laura M Raffield, Hiromi Rakugi, Julia Ramirez, Asif Rasheed, Dennis Raven, Nigel W Rayner, Carlos Riveros, Rebecca Rohde, Daniela Ruggiero, Sanni E Ruotsalainen, Kathleen A Ryan, Maria Sabater-Lleal, Aurora Santin, Richa Saxena, Markus Scholz, Botong Shen, Jingchunzi Shi, Jae Hun Shin, Carlo Sidore, Julia Sidorenko, Xueling Sim, Roderick C Slieker, Albert V Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Laura J Smyth, Lorraine Southam, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Liang Sun, Fumihiko Takeuchi, Kent D Taylor, Bamidele O Tayo, Catherine Tcheandjieu, Natalie Terzikhan, Paola Tesolin, Alexander Teumer, Elizabeth Theusch, Deborah J Thompson, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Paul R H J Timmers, Stella Trompet, Constance Turman, Simona Vaccargiu, Sander W Van Der Laan, Peter J Van Der Most, Jan B Van Klinken, Jessica Van Setten, Shefali S Verma, Niek Verweij, Yogasudha Veturi, Carol A Wang, Chaolong Wang, Jun-Sing Wang, Lihua Wang, Ya Xing Wang, Zhe Wang, Helen R Warren, Wen Bin Wei, Wanqing Wen, William A Wheeler, Ananda R Wickremasinghe, Matthias Wielscher, Bendik S Winsvold, Andrew Wong, Matthias Wuttke, Rui Xia, Ken Yamamoto, Jingyun Yang, Jie Yao, Hannah Young, Noha A Yousri, Lei Yu, Lingyao Zeng, Weihua Zhang, Xinyuan Zhang, Jing-Hua Zhao, Wei Zhao, Wei Zhou, Martina E Zimmermann, Magdalena Zoledziewska, Leen M 'T Hart, Linda S Adair, Hieab H H Adams, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas, Fahd Al-Mulla, Donna K Arnett, Folkert W Asselbergs, Bjørn Olav Åsvold, John Attia, Bernhard Banas, Stefania Bandinelli, Lawrence J Beilin, David A Bennett, Tobias Bergler, Dwaipayan Bharadwaj, Ginevra Biino, Eric Boerwinkle, Carsten A Böger, Judith B Borja, Claude Bouchard, Donald W Bowden, Ivan Brandslund, Ben Brumpton, Julie E Buring, Mark J Caulfield, John C Chambers, Giriraj R Chandak, Stephen J Chanock, Nish Chaturvedi, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Zhengming Chen, Ching-Yu Cheng, Yoon Shin Cho, Kaare Christensen, Ingrid E Christophersen, Marina Ciullo, John W Cole, Francis S Collins, Maria Pina Concas, Richard S Cooper, Miguel Cruz, Francesco Cucca, Michael J Cutler, Scott M Damrauer, Thomas M Dantoft, Gert J De Borst, Eco J C De Geus, Lisette C P G M De Groot, Philip L De Jager, Dominique P V De Kleijn, H Janaka De Silva, George V Dedoussis, Anneke I Den Hollander, Shufa Du, Douglas F Easton, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Petra J M Elders, A Heather Eliassen, Patrick T Ellinor, Sölve Elmståhl, Jeanette Erdmann, Michele K Evans, Diane Fatkin, Bjarke Feenstra, Mary F Feitosa, Luigi Ferrucci, Jose C Florez, Ian Ford, Myriam Fornage, Andre Franke, Paul W Franks, Barry I Freedman, Christian Gieger, Giorgia Girotto, Yvonne M Golightly, Clicerio Gonzalez-Villalpando, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Harald Grallert, Struan F A Grant, Niels Grarup, Lyn Griffiths, Vilmundur Gudnason, Christopher Haiman, Hakon Hakonarson, Torben Hansen, Catharina A Hartman, Andrew T Hattersley, Caroline Hayward, Iris M Heid, Chew-Kiat Heng, Christian Hengstenberg, Karl-Heinz Herzig, Alex W Hewitt, Haretsugu Hishigaki, David M Hougaard, Carel B Hoyng, Paul L Huang, Wei Huang, Wen-Yi Huang, Jennifer E Huffman, Steven C Hunt, Nina Hutri, Kristian Hveem, Elina Hyppönen, William G Iacono, Sahoko Ichihara, M Arfan Ikram, Carmen R Isasi, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Zi-Bing Jin, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Jost B Jonas, Peter K Joshi, Pekka Jousilahti, J Wouter Jukema, Mika Kähönen, Yoichiro Kamatani, Kui Dong Kang, Jaakko Kaprio, Sharon L R Kardia, Fredrik Karpe, Norihiro Kato, Maryam Kavousi, Frank Kee, Thorsten Kessler, Amit V Khera, Chiea Chuen Khor, Lambertus A L M Kiemeney, Bong-Jo Kim, Eung Kweon Kim, Hyung-Lae Kim, Paulus Kirchhof, Mika Kivimaki, Woon-Puay Koh, Heikki A Koistinen, Alexander Kokkinos, Jaspal S Kooner, Charles Kooperberg, Peter Kovacs, Adriaan Kraaijeveld, Peter Kraft, Ronald M Krauss, Meena Kumari, Zoltan Kutalik, Markku Laakso, Leslie A Lange, Claudia Langenberg, Lenore J Launer, Hyejin Lee, Nanette R Lee, Terho Lehtimäki, Rozenn N Lemaitre, Huaixing Li, Liming Li, Wolfgang Lieb, Xu Lin, Lars Lind, Allan Linneberg, Ching-Ti Liu, Jianjun Liu, Markus Loeffler, Barry London, Fan Lu, Steven A Lubitz, David A Mackey, Patrik K E Magnusson, Joann E Manson, Gregory M Marcus, Pedro Marques Vidal, Nicholas G Martin, Winfried März, Fumihiko Matsuda, Mark I Mccarthy, Robert W Mcgarrah, Matt Mcgue, Amy Jayne Mcknight, Sarah E Medland, Dan Mellström, Andres Metspalu, Braxton D Mitchell, Paul Mitchell, Dennis O Mook-Kanamori, Trevor A Mori, Andrew D Morris, Lorelei A Mucci, Patricia B Munroe, Mike A Nalls, Saman Nazarian, Amanda E Nelson, Matt J Neville, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Christopher S Nielsen, Harri Niinikoski, Kjell Nikus, Markus M Nöthen, Adesola Ogunniyi, Claes Ohlsson, Albertine J Oldehinkel, Lorena Orozco, Katja Pahkala, Päivi Pajukanta, Colin N A Palmer, Esteban J Parra, Cristian Pattaro, Oluf Pedersen, Craig E Pennell, Brenda W J H Penninx, Louis Perusse, Annette Peters, Patricia A Peyser, David J Porteous, Danielle Posthuma, Chris Power, Peter P Pramstaller, Michael A Province, Bruce M Psaty, Qibin Qi, Jia Qu, Daniel J Rader, Olli T Raitakari, Loukianos S Rallidis, Dabeeru C Rao, Susan Redline, Dermot F Reilly, Alexander P Reiner, Sang Youl Rhee, Paul M Ridker, Michiel Rienstra, Samuli Ripatti, Marylyn D Ritchie, Fernando Rivadeneira, Dan M Roden, Frits R Rosendaal, Jerome I Rotter, Igor Rudan, Femke Rutters, Seungho Ryu, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Babatunde Salako, Danish Saleheen, Veikko Salomaa, Nilesh J Samani, Dharambir K Sanghera, Naveed Sattar, Börge Schmidt, Helena Schmidt, Reinhold Schmidt, Matthias B Schulze, Heribert Schunkert, Laura J Scott, Rodney J Scott, Peter Sever, Wayne H H Sheu, M Benjamin Shoemaker, Xiao-Ou Shu, Eleanor M Simonsick, Mario Sims, Andrew B Singleton, Moritz F Sinner, J Gustav Smith, Harold Snieder, Tim D Spector, Beatrice Spedicati, Meir J Stampfer, Klaus J Stark, David P Strachan, Yasuharu Tabara, E Shyong Tai, Hua Tang, Jean-Claude Tardif, Thangavel A Thanaraj, Anke Tönjes, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Maria-Teresa Tusié-Luna, Rob M Van Dam, Pim Van Der Harst, Nathalie Van Der Velde, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Natasja M Van Schoor, Veronique Vitart, Marie-Claude Vohl, Uwe Völker, Peter Vollenweider, Henry Völzke, Scott Vrieze, Niels H Wacher-Rodarte, Mark Walker, Gurpreet S Wander, Nicholas J Wareham, Richard M Watanabe, Hugh Watkins, David R Weir, Thomas M Werge, Elisabeth Widen, Gonneke Willemsen, Walter C Willett, James F Wilson, Peter W F Wilson, Tien Y Wong, Jeong-Taek Woo, Alan F Wright, Huichun Xu, Chittaranjan S Yajnik, Jian Yang, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Jian-Min Yuan, Eleftheria Zeggini, Babette S Zemel, Wei Zheng, Xiaofeng Zhu, M Carola Zillikens, Alan B Zonderman, John-Anker Zwart, Goncalo R Abecasis, Themistocles L Assimes, Adam Auton, Michael Boehnke, Daniel I Chasman, Tõnu Esko, Kari Stefansson, Guillaume Lettre, Cecilia M Lindgren, Maggie C Y Ng, Christopher J O'Donnell, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Peter M Visscher, Robin G Walters, Thomas W Winkler, Andrew R Wood, Panos Deloukas, Timothy M Frayling, Anne E Justice, Tuomas O Kilpeläinen, Adam E Locke, Karen L Mohlke, Kari E North, Yukinori Okada, Cristen J Willer, Kristin L Young, Segun Fatumo, Jeanne M Mccaffery, Nicholas J Timpson, Joel N Hirschhorn, Yan V Sun, Sonja I Berndt, Ruth J F Loos

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Polygenic scores (PGSs) for body mass index (BMI) may guide early prevention and targeted treatment of obesity. Using genetic data from up to 5.1 million people (4.6% African ancestry, 14.4% American ancestry, 8.4% East Asian ancestry, 71.1% European ancestry and 1.5% South Asian ancestry) from the GIANT consortium and 23andMe, Inc., we developed ancestry-specific and multi-ancestry PGSs. The multi-ancestry score explained 17.6% of BMI variation among UK Biobank participants of European ancestry. For other populations, this ranged from 16% in East Asian-Americans to 2.2% in rural Ugandans. In the ALSPAC study, children with higher PGSs showed accelerated BMI gain from …

Using The R = Mc2 Heuristic To Assess Whole-Of-School Physical Activity Implementation In Elementary Schools: A Cross-Sectional Study, Derek W Craig, Kevin Lanza, Christopher D Pfledderer, Andjelka Pavlovic, Kempson Onadeko, Natalia I Heredia, Jizyah Injil, Laura F Defina, Timothy J Walker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Schools are recommended to use a whole-of-school (WOS) approach to promote physical activity opportunities before, during, and after school. Yet, the barriers and facilitators to implementing a WOS approach successfully are not well understood. The R = MC2 heuristic, which defines readiness for implementation as a combination of an organization's motivation and capacity to implement, can enhance our understanding of implementation in the school setting. This study examines associations between constructs from the R = MC2 heuristic and schools' implementation of a WOS approach.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from U.S. elementary schools participating in …

Germline Structural Variations Involving The Pediatric Brain Tumor Transcriptome Include Disease-Relevant And Ancestry-Related Genes, Fengju Chen, Yiqun Zhang, Luis F Paulin, Fritz J Sedlazeck, Chad J Creighton

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Germline Structural Variants (SVs) represent an important source of genetic diversity, in large part due to their influence on gene transcription. It is necessary to systematically catalog germline SVs and their associated impacted genes across different cohorts and tissue and cellular contexts, including pediatric brain or Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors.

Methods: We combined RNA with whole genome sequencing across 1430 pediatric brain or CNS tumor patients from the Children's Brain Tumor Network. We set out to systematically identify genes for which the proximity of germline SVs was recurrently and significantly associated with differential expression in the tumor sample …

Measuring The Impact Of A Delay In Care On Pediatric Otolaryngologic Surgery Completion, Geethanjeli N Mahendran, Ching Siong Tey, Mary Frances Musso, Grace Shebha Anand, Jeffrey Larson, Mitesh Mehta, Lara Reichert, Kara Prickett, Nikhila Pinnapureddy Raol

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: To determine if postponement of elective pediatric otorhinolaryngology surgeries results in a change in overall healthcare utilization and if there is any commensurate impact on disease progression.

Methods: We identified patients ≤18 years of age whose surgeries were postponed at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic-related shutdown. We then tracked patients' rate of and patterns of rescheduling surgery. Surveys were also sent to caregivers to better characterize his/her decision regarding moving forward with his/her child's surgery during COVID-19.

Results: A total of 1915 pediatric patients had elective surgeries canceled, of which 992 (51.8%) were rescheduled within 4 months. No …

Prenatal Maternal Mood Instability And Child Externalizing Problems: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study, Sophie G. Srivastava, Curt A. Sandman, Elysia Poggi Davis, Laura M. Glynn

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

This study examines whether exposure to affect fluctuations during fetal development have implications for child psychopathology. To evaluate maternal mood instability, participants (N = 154) completed Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) eight times per day across three days at 15-, 25-, and 35-weeks' gestation, and then at two months postpartum. The EMA measured depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), anxiety (Profile of Mood States), and stress (Perceived Stress Scale). Mood instability was quantified by calculating root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), which captures both variability and temporal dependency of mood states. When the children were 3 years …

Navigating Child Oral Health In Western Australia: A Caregiver's Perspective, Lesley Andrew, Elizabeth Wenden, Mohamed Estai, Ruth Wallace

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most common chronic health condition among Australian preschool-aged children. Untreated, ECC can affect children's physical and emotional health and future social opportunities. ECC is largely preventable through primary caregivers' correct understanding of oral health promoting diets, oral hygiene practices and dental service engagement. The study aim is to explore Western Australian (WA) primary caregivers' child oral health knowledge, experience and practices. The Fisher-Owens socioecological model of child oral health was applied across the study to structure and interpret the findings across the complex, interactive sociocultural influences on child oral health. Methods: The mixed-methods …

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Dealing Anxiety In Teenage, Aida Mouzoon, Emily Crisan, Emma Saito, Feeda Elahresh, Hussan Ali, Jackson Bennett, Noah Rollison, Shihabaldean Shalabi

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Unfolding The Mystery Of Autoimmunity: The Environmental Determinants Of Diabetes In The Young (Teddy) Study, Marian Rewers, Daniel Agardh, Suzanne Bennett Johnson, Ezio Bonifacio, Helena Elding Larsson, Patricia Gesualdo, William Hagopian, Michael J Haller, Heikki Hyöty, Randi Johnson, Richard Mcindoe, Eoin Mckinney, Jessica Melin, Åke Lernmark, Richard E Lloyd, Kristian F Lynch, Jill M Norris, Stephen S Rich, Roswith Roth, Desmond Schatz, Jorma Toppari, Eric Triplett, Kendra Vehik, Suvi M Virtanen, Anette-G Ziegler, Beena Akolkar, Jeffrey P Krischer, Teddy Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In 2025, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) at the National Institutes of Health celebrates 75 years of leadership in diabetes research. The NIDDK serves people of the U.S. affected by or at risk for many chronic diseases, including diabetes and other endocrine, metabolic, and digestive disorders, by funding innovative research to develop better treatment and prevention and a cure for these conditions. Autoimmunity that leads to type 1 diabetes or celiac disease or thyroid autoimmunity affects 1 in 20 children and adolescents in the U.S. While treatments are available, prevention of these common autoimmune …

The Impact Of Household Dysfunction On Dating Violence Perpetration Among Adolescents In The United States: A Scoping Review, Sumaita Choudhury, Melissa F Peskin, Timothy J Walker, Emily T Hébert, Nivedhitha Parthasarathy, Kaitlyn L Zajack-Garcia, Lea Sacca, Christine M Markham

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Adverse childhood experiences, such as household dysfunction (HD), play a central role in how adolescents establish, experience, and navigate the challenges of relationship formation, maintenance, and dissolution. HD exposures have been independently associated with dating violence (DV) perpetration in both adolescents and adults. However, research examining the association between the concurrent effect of HD on DV perpetration, especially among adolescents remains scarce. Thus, we conducted a scoping review to accumulate and summarize existing research regarding the impact of HD on DV perpetration among adolescents aged 10 to 17 years in the United States. We used three electronic databases, Medline (Ovid), …

Validation Of Established Thyroid Ultrasound Volume Norms In A Chernobyl Cohort, Lydia B. Zablotska, Robert J. Mcconnell, Aleksandr V. Rozhko, Patrick O'Kane, Vasilina Yauseyenka, Mark P. Little, Victor Minenko, Vladimir Drozdovitch, Tamara Moskvicheva, Maureen Hatch, Tamara Yeudachkova, Kiyohiko Mabuchi, Elizabeth K. Cahoon

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To establish thyroid ultrasound volume norms appropriate for studies of diffuse goiter in a cohort of children and adolescents from an iodine-deficient population exposed to 131I by the Chernobyl fallout.

METHODS: A cohort of 11,970 Belarusians aged ≤18 years at the time of the 1986 Chernobyl accident with individual thyroid radiation dose estimates was screened 10-18 years later. From these, a low-dose subset of 2,392 with no thyroid diseases was selected to construct age- and sex-specific normative values for thyroid ultrasound volume, compared to Belarusian Ministry of Health (MOH) norms and existing WHO and European standards.

RESULTS: Cohort-specific values …

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Building Healthy Habits: Preventative Strategies For Childhood Obesity, Alissa Ward, Cameron Craig, Chloe Sutlick, Gabrielle Henry, Isabelle Adams, Jerimiah Gumma, Omer Abdullah, Sami Zaidi

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Improving Access To Educational Resources And Health Outcomes For Diabetes, Ami Suresh, Conner Slotnick, Danielle Santoyo, Eric Mylfurry, Karen Abdelmalek, Martin Murad, Preston Parana, Urva Mehveen

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Exercise Initiatives To Improve Child Obesity, Alice Werynski, Ashley Simbafo, Diana Kernen, Koa Williams, Linda Beqaj, Noah Krepostman, Trevor Buck

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Managing Hiv In Youth: A Case-Based Application Of The Expanded Chronic Care Model, Adam Kabbani, Ali Nasser, Emi Ueda-Martinez, Kristina Rizo, Mason Gardiner, Matthew Manson, Rachel Chee, Sydni Rosenfeld

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Addressing Adolescent Depression Through Community And Systems-Based Care, Anirudh Gopalam, Connor Genschaw, Don'aa Williams, Gerardo Rubio Monroy, Jennifer Nnadozie, Murray Meri, Tina Tripathi, Abdullah Mahmood

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Chronic Illness Strategies & Resources: Type 1 Diabetes In Adolescence, Christian Turner, Emmett Miller, Halle Jonassaint, Kristina Zheng, Mehr Bawa, Supreet Singh, Tracy Markray, Victor Tawansy

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Empowering Families With Resources To Combat Childhood Obesity, Abisola Fasakin, Alqasim Elnaggar, David Abdelnour, Mujeebah Kamal-Muili, Prit Patel, Ryan Palazzolo, Sydney Huston

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Pediatric Depression And Anxiety: Hope Through Healthcare, Andreas Mozny, Arjan Goenaga Castillo, Audrey Millar, Ebony Williams, Griffin Lotze, Haytham Al-Qasmi, Kamontip Jongnarangsin, Tricia Jain

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Improving Lifestyle Choices In Children Withtype-2 Diabetes Mellitus, David Williams, Hariharan Ramakrishnan, Luv Thakkar, Sanjana Kumar, Srikar Munukutla, Stephan Gonzalez, Taqwa Naas, Ted Hirschfield

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Resources To Prevent Adolescent Hypertension, Anabelle Dally, Carlton Parker, Henry Ubaydi, Isabella Garcia, Joshua Mathews, Lila Tudrick, Michelle Brown, Ralph Durgham

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Treatment, Resources, And Prevalence Of Depression Among Adolescents With Chronic Health Conditions, Daeho Kim, Elyse Vanderwoude, Francesca Settineri, James Moss, Karen Crile, Matthew Mellor, Rachele Willard, Sarah Farhat

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Environmental And Psychosocial Interventions In Adolescent Depression, Christian Hausner, Deanna Brown, Erica Kruszewski, Mawadda Abdelhai, Mukund Jayaraju, Sabryn Leidlein, Trentin Ines, Tyrnan Mcgowan

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: School-Centered Interventions To Address Childhood Obesity, Aaron Yang, Amanda York, James Mcknight, Madison Jordan, Myron Shaba, Riley Marchin, Rita Pisegna, Constantine Tangalos

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2025: Emotional And Behavioral Concerns With Limited Support, Ahmed Alzubaidi, Ambrielle Stoltz-Bango, Grace Doakes, Ikenna Oduocha, Isaak Miller, Kelly-Ozze Bollou, Marta Haireek, Wyatt Feldman

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.