Public Health Commons^™

Virus-Specific Memory T Cells Populate Tumors And Can Be Repurposed For Tumor Immunotherapy, Pamela C. Rosato, Sathi Wijeyesinghe, J Michael Stolley, Christine E. Nelson, Rachel Davis, Luke S. Manlove, Christopher A. Pennell, Bruce R. Blazar, Clark C. Chen, Melissa A. Geller, Vaiva Vezys, David Masopust

Faculty Publications

The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment limits the success of current immunotherapies. The host retains memory T cells specific for previous infections throughout the entire body that are capable of executing potent and immediate immunostimulatory functions. Here we show that virus-specific memory T cells extend their surveillance to mouse and human tumors. Reactivating these antiviral T cells can arrest growth of checkpoint blockade-resistant and poorly immunogenic tumors in mice after injecting adjuvant-free non-replicating viral peptides into tumors. Peptide mimics a viral reinfection event to memory CD8+ T cells, triggering antigen presentation and cytotoxic pathways within the tumor, activating dendritic cells and natural …

Nutrition Interventions Integrated Into An Existing Maternal, Neonatal, And Child Health Program Reduce Food Insecurity Among Recently Delivered And Pregnant Women In Bangladesh, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Phuong H. Nguyen, Tina Sanghvi, Zeba Mahmud, Bachera Aktar, Silvia Alayon, Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

Background

Antenatal care may be a means to reduce food insecurity in pregnancy and postpartum periods.

Objective

With the use of a cluster-randomized design, we tested whether participation in nutrition-focused antenatal care intending to improve household knowledge about the importance of nutrition for pregnant and lactating women and encourage allocation of household resources to ensure sufficient quality and quantity of foods, without providing food assistance, would reduce household food insecurity.

Methods

Alive & Thrive integrated nutrition interventions into an existing Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health (MNCH) program in Bangladesh. The nutrition-focused MNCH package was delivered in 10 subdistricts through antenatal …

Barriers Of Colorectal Cancer Screening In Rural Usa: A Systematic Review, Hongmei Wang, Shreya Roy, Jungyoon Kim, Evi A. Farazi, Mohammad Siahpush, Dejun Su

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates are lower in rural areas in the USA. To guide the design of interventions to improve CRC screening, a systematic review was conducted to identify CRC screening barriers for rural populations.

METHODS: A search was conducted in four literature databases - Medline, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus - for articles from 1998 to 2017 that examine CRC screening barriers in rural areas. This review included a total of 27 articles reporting perceived CRC screening barriers by rural residents or providers or examining factors associated with CRC screening of rural populations in the USA.

RESULTS: The …

Strategies For Patient Engagement In A Self-Management Program For Adults With Diabetes, Carolinee Jokotola Ogungbayi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Patients' lack of adherence to diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) recommendations is a challenge for healthcare. One approach to addressing patient noncompliance with DSMES is through education of staff on current guidelines. In an outpatient facility in South Texas, staff training on current DSMES guidelines was recommended as one of the solutions to the problem of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complications observed among clinic patients. An educational module was created to increase staff knowledge on T2DM and to assist staff members in teaching patients to self-manage T2DM. The module was built on the self-management and health promotion models, …

Mapping Of Lymphatic Filariasis In Loiasis Areas: A New Strategy Shows No Evidence For Wuchereria Bancrofti Endemicity In Cameroon, Samuel Wanji, Mathias Eyong Esum, Abdel Jelil Njouendou, Amuam Andrew Mbeng, Patrick W Chounna Ndongmo, Raphael Awah Abong, Jerome Fru, Fanny F. Fombad, Gordon Takop Nchanji, Glory Ngongeh, Narcisse V. Ngandjui, Peter Ivo Enyong, Helen Storey, Kurt C. Curtis, Kerstin Fischer, Joseph R. Fauver, Daphne Lew, Charles W. Goss, Peter U. Fischer

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Mapping of lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by Wuchereria bancrofti largely relies on the detection of circulating antigen using ICT cards. Several studies have recently shown that this test can be cross-reactive with sera of subjects heavily infected with Loa loa and thus mapping results in loiasis endemic areas may be inaccurate.

METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In order to develop an LF mapping strategy for areas with high loiasis prevalence, we collected day blood samples from 5,001 subjects residing in 50 villages that make up 6 health districts throughout Cameroon. Antigen testing using Filarial Test Strip (FTS, a novel platform that uses …

Australian Consumer Perceptions Of Regionally Grown Fruits And Vegetables: Importance, Enablers, And Barriers, Stephanie Godrich, Katherine Kent, Sandra Murray, Stuart Auckland, Johnny Lo, Lauren Blekkenhorst, Beth Penrose, Amanda Devine

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Fresh fruits and vegetables are a cornerstone of a balanced diet; their consumption has health, environmental, ethical, and economic implications. This pilot study aimed to: (i) measure fruit and vegetable consumption; (ii) understand consumer perceptions of the perceived importance of regionally grown fresh fruit and vegetables (RGFFV); and (iii) identify the barriers and enablers of access and consumption of RGFFV. The study took place in Tasmania (TAS) and South Western Australia (SWA). A 54-item survey included questions relating to purchasing and consumption patterns; barriers and enablers related to access and consumption of RGFFV; and sociodemographic information. Survey data were analyzed …

Serological Proteomic Screening And Evaluation Of A Recombinant Egg Antigen For The Diagnosis Of Low-Intensity Schistosoma Mansoni Infections In Endemic Area In Brazil, Vanessa Silva-Moraes, Lisa Marie Shollenberger, William Castro-Borges, Ana Lucia Teles Rabello, Donald A. Harn, Lia Carolina Soares Medeiros, Wander De Jesus Jeremias, Liliane Maria Vidal Siqueira, Caroline Stephane Salviano Pereira, Maria Luysa Camargos Pedrosa, Nathalie Bonatti Franco Almeida, Aureo Almeida, Jose Roberto Lambertucci, Nidia Francisca De Figueiredo Carneiro, Paulo Marcos Zech Coelho, Refaella Fortini Queiroz Grenfell

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Despite decades of use of control programs, schistosomiasis remains a global public health problem. To further reduce prevalence and intensity of infection, or to achieve the goal of elimination in low-endemic areas, there needs to be better diagnostic tools to detect low-intensity infections in low-endemic areas in Brazil. The rationale for development of new diagnostic tools is that the current standard test Kato-Katz (KK) is not sensitive enough to detect low-intensity infections in low-endemic areas. In order to develop new diagnostic tools, we employed a proteomics approach to identify biomarkers associated with schistosome-specific immune responses in hopes of developing …

“For Lack Of Knowledge, Our People Will Perish”: Using Focus Group Methodology To Explore African-American Communities’ Perceptions Of Breast Cancer And The Environment, Kaleea Lewis, Shibani Kulkarni, Swann Arp Adams, Heather M. Brandt, Jamie R. Lead, John R. Ureda, Delores Fedrick, Chris Mathews, Daniela B. Friedman

Faculty Publications

Among women living in the United States, breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death. Disproportionate racial disparities in breast cancer exist, with African American (AA) women consistently having the highest rates of breast cancer related mortality despite lower incidence. This study attends to the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) call to action recommending the identification of effective strategies for communicating accurate and reliable breast cancer risk information to diverse audiences. Using focus group methodology, this study explores how AAs perceive and decipher information related to breast cancer and its relationship to their environment. Six focus groups were conducted. …

The Jefferson Scale Of Empathy: A Nationwide Study Of Measurement Properties, Underlying Components, Latent Variable Structure, And National Norms In Medical Students., Mohammadreza Hojat, Jennifer Desantis, Stephen C. Shannon, Luke H. Mortensen, Mark R. Speicher, Lynn Bragan, Marianna Lanoue, Leonard H. Calabrese

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) is a broadly used instrument developed to measure empathy in the context of health professions education and patient care. Evidence in support of psychometrics of the JSE has been reported in health professions students and practitioners with the exception of osteopathic medical students. This study was designed to examine measurement properties, underlying components, and latent variable structure of the JSE in a nationwide sample of first-year matriculants at U.S. colleges of osteopathic medicine, and to develop a national norm table for the assessment of JSE scores. A web-based survey was administered at the beginning …

Evaluation Of The Hiv Infant Tracking System (Hitsystem) To Optimise Quality And Efficiency Of Early Infant Diagnosis: A Cluster-Randomised Trial In Kenya., Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Brad Gautney, Anlin Cheng, Catherine Wexler, May Maloba, Niaman Nazir, Samoel Khamadi, Raphael Lwembe, Melinda Brown, Thomas A. Odeny, Jacinda K. Dariotis, Matthew Sandbulte, Natabhona Mabachi, Kathy Goggin

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: The HIV Infant Tracking System (HITSystem) is a web-based intervention linking providers of early infant diagnosis, laboratory technicians, and mothers and infants to improve outcomes for HIV-exposed infants. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the HITSystem on key outcomes of early infant diagnosis.

METHODS: We did a cluster-randomised trial at six hospitals in Kenya, which were matched on geographic region, resource level, and volume of patients (high, medium, and low). We randomly allocated hospitals within a matched pair to either the HITSystem (intervention; n=3) or standard of care (control; n=3). A random number generator was used to assign …

Safety, Tolerability, And Pharmacokinetics Of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir In Low-Risk Hiv-Uninfected Individuals: Hptn 077, A Phase 2a Randomized Controlled Trial., Raphael J Landovitz, Sue Li, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Halima Dawood, Albert Y Liu, Manya Magnus, Mina C Hosseinipour, Ravindre Panchia, Leslie Cottle, Gordon Chau, Paul Richardson, Mark A Marzinke, Craig W Hendrix, Susan H Eshleman, Yinfeng Zhang, Elizabeth Tolley, Jeremy Sugarman, Ryan Kofron, Adeola Adeyeye, David Burns, Alex R Rinehart, David Margolis, William R Spreen, Myron S Cohen, Marybeth Mccauley, Joseph J Eron

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Cabotegravir (CAB) is a novel strand-transfer integrase inhibitor being developed for HIV treatment and prevention. CAB is formulated both as an immediate-release oral tablet for daily administration and as a long-acting injectable suspension (long-acting CAB [CAB LA]) for intramuscular (IM) administration, which delivers prolonged plasma exposure to the drug after IM injection. HIV Prevention Trials Network study 077 (HPTN 077) evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of CAB LA in HIV-uninfected males and females at 8 sites in Brazil, Malawi, South Africa, and the United States.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: HPTN 077 was a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2a trial. Healthy …

Trends In Obesity And Multimorbidity In Canada., Michael Lebenbaum, Gregory S Zaric, Amardeep Thind, Sisira Sarma

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

Very few studies have examined trends in multimorbidity over time and even fewer have examined trends over time across different body mass index (BMI) groups. Given a general decline in death rates but increased cardiovascular risk factors among individuals with obesity, the trend in the association between obesity and multimorbidity is hypothesized to be increasing over time. The data for our study came from the 1996-97 National Population Health Survey and the 2005 and 2012-13 Canadian Community Health Surveys (N = 277,366 across all 3 surveys). We examined trends in the association between BMI groups and multimorbidity using a logistic …

Rationale, Design And Methods Of "Set The Rules": A Tailored Peer-To-Peer Health Information Intervention, Jennifer R. Warren, Brandi M. White

Health and Clinical Sciences Faculty Publications

Ensuring equitable access to health information is one strategy to promote health equity for underserved communities, especially for low-income African Americans (AAs). Childcare centers are one viable site to deliver health information to address this disparity. This paper describes the methods used in a community-based participatory research project with a childcare facility that aimed to reduce environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure among low-income AA children. Through collaboration and multiple data collection methods, partners identified communication strategies to overcome informational barriers. These initial findings indicated a peer-to-peer health information intervention, entitled “Set the Rules”, as the best strategy to increase awareness. …

Epidemiology Of Asthma And Associated Factors In An Urban Pakistani Population: Adult Asthma Study-Karachi, Shama Razzaq, Asaad Ahmed Nafees, Unaib Rabbani, Muhammad Irfan, Shahla Naeem, Muhammad Arslan Khan, Zafar Fatmi, Peter Burney

Community Health Sciences

Background: This study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of asthma and associated risk factors in the adult population of Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: This multi-stage, cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 2014-August 2015; comprising 1629 adults in 75 randomly selected clusters in Karachi, Pakistan. Definitions included: 'self-reported asthma', 'reversibility in FEV₁^' and 'respiratory symptoms and reversibility in FEV₁'.
Results: Prevalence of asthma was 1.8% (self-reported) (95% CI: 1.0-2.6), 11.3% (reversibility in FEV₁) (95% CI: 9.4-13.3) and 6.6% (symptoms and reversibility in FEV₁) (95% CI: 5.1-8.1). Asthmatics were more likely to …

Dietary Intake And Physical Activity Assessment: Current Tools, Techniques, And Technologies For Use In Adult Populations., Holly L. Mcclung, Lauren T. Ptomey, Robin P. Shook, Anju Aggarwal, Anna M. Gorczyca, Edward S. Sazonov, Katie Becofsky, Rick Weiss, Sai Krupa Das

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Accurate assessment of dietary intake and physical activity is a vital component for quality research in public health, nutrition, and exercise science. However, accurate and consistent methodology for the assessment of these components remains a major challenge. Classic methods use self-report to capture dietary intake and physical activity in healthy adult populations. However, these tools, such as questionnaires or food and activity records and recalls, have been shown to underestimate energy intake and expenditure as compared with direct measures like doubly labeled water. This paper summarizes recent technological advancements, such as remote sensing devices, digital photography, and multisensor devices, which …

Emerging Themes In Food Security: Environmental Justice, Extended Families And The Multiple Roles Of Grandmothers., Ethel Alderete, Lauren Sonderegger, Eliseo J Pérez-Stable

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Pre- and perinatal nutritional status defines the development of adult metabolism and energy balance in humans. Young children in poor households are disproportionately more vulnerable to food insecurity given the cumulative impact of chronic stress on susceptibility to chronic diseases as an adult. Qualitative studies focusing on the experience of food insecurity in Latin America are scarce. In Argentina, although socioeconomic indicators improved in the aftermath of the 2001ecomomic crisis, the disadvantaged provinces in the north continue to bear the burden of historical inequities. The study was conducted among Primary Health Care patients in the city of San Salvador …

Large-Scale Social And Behavior Change Communication Interventions Have Sustained Impacts On Infant And Young Child Feeding Knowledge And Practices: Results Of A 2-Year Follow-Up Study In Bangladesh, Sunny S. Kim, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Lan Mai Tran, Tina Sanghvi, Zeba Mahmud, Mohammad Raisul Haque, Kaosar Afsana, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Marie T. Ruel, Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

Background: Sustained improvements in infant and young child feeding (IYCF) require continued implementation of effective interventions. From 2010-2014, Alive & Thrive (A&T) provided intensive interpersonal counseling (IPC), community mobilization (CM), and mass media (MM) in Bangladesh, demonstrating impact on IYCF practices. Since 2014, implementation has been continued and scaled up by national partners with support from other donors and with modifications such as added focus on maternal nutrition and reduced program intensity. Objective: We assessed changes in intervention exposure and IYCF knowledge and practices in the intensive (IPC + CM + MM) compared with nonintensive areas (standard nutrition counseling + …

Study Protocol Of "Our Choice": A Randomized Controlled Trial Of The Integration Of Safer Conception Counseling To Transform Hiv Family Planning Services In Uganda., Kathy Goggin, Emily A. Hurley, Jolly Beyeza-Kashesya, Violet Gwokyalya, Sarah Finocchario-Kessler, Josephine Birungi, Deborah Mindry, Rhoda K Wanyenze, Glenn J Wagner

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: About 40% of HIV-positive women in sub-Saharan Africa become pregnant post-diagnosis. Despite about half of their pregnancies being planned, safer conception methods (SCM) are underutilized among serodiscordant couples, partially due to the fact that safer conception counseling (SCC) has not been integrated into routine HIV family planning (FP) services.

METHODS: Our Choice is a comprehensive FP intervention that promotes unbiased childbearing consultations to ensure clients receive SCC or contraception services to achieve their desired reproductive goals. The intervention is theoretically grounded and has demonstrated preliminarily feasibility and acceptance through pilot testing. This three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial compares two …

Engagement Of Husbands In A Maternal Nutrition Program Substantially Contributed To Greater Intake Of Micronutrient Supplements And Dietary Diversity During Pregnancy: Results Of A Cluster-Randomized Program Evaluation In Bangladesh, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Tina Sanghvi, Gargi Wable, Zeba Mahmud, Lan Mai Tran, Bachera Aktar, Kaosar Afsana, Silvia Alayon, Marie T. Ruel, Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

Background:

Although husbands may provide support during pregnancy, limited evidence exists on how to promote husbands' engagement and what impact it has. Alive & Thrive integrated nutrition-focused interventions, targeting both wives and husbands, through an existing Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health (MNCH) platform in Bangladesh.

Objectives:

We evaluated 1) the impact of a nutrition-focused MNCH program, compared with the standard MNCH program, on husbands' behavioral determinants (i.e., awareness, knowledge, self-efficacy) and support to wives to adopt optimal nutrition practices and 2) how much of the previously documented impact on women's supplement intake and dietary diversity was explained by husbands' behavioral …

Non-Mumps Viral Parotitis During The 2014-2015 Influenza Season In The United States., Lina I. Elbadawi, Pamela Talley, Melissa A. Rolfes, Alexander J. Millman, Erik Reisdorf, Natalie A. Kramer, John R. Barnes, Lenee Blanton, Jaime Christensen, Stefanie Cole, Tonya Danz, John J. Dreisig, Rebecca Garten, Thomas Haupt, Beth M. Isaac, Mary Anne Jackson, Anna Kocharian, Daniel Leifer, Karen Martin, Lisa Mchugh, Rebecca J. Mcnall, Jennifer Palm, Kay W. Radford, Sara Robinson, Jennifer B. Rosen, Senthilkumar K. Sakthivel, Peter Shult, Anna K. Strain, George Turabelidze, Lori A. Webber, Meghan Pearce Weinberg, David E. Wentworth, Brett L. Whitaker, Lyn Finelli, Michael A. Jhung, Ruth Lynfield, Jeffrey P. Davis

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: During the 2014-2015 US influenza season, 320 cases of non-mumps parotitis (NMP) among residents of 21 states were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We conducted an epidemiologic and laboratory investigation to determine viral etiologies and clinical features of NMP during this unusually large occurrence.

Methods: NMP was defined as acute parotitis or other salivary gland swelling of >2 days duration in a person with a mumps- negative laboratory result. Using a standardized questionnaire, we collected demographic and clinical information. Buccal samples were tested at the CDC for selected viruses, including mumps, influenza, human parainfluenza …

Influenza-Associated Parotitis During The 2014-2015 Influenza Season In The United States., Melissa A. Rolfes, Alexander J. Millman, Pamela Talley, Lina I. Elbadawi, Natalie A. Kramer, Joh R. Barnes, Lenee Blanton, Jeffrey P. Davis, Stefanie Cole, John J. Dreisig, Rebecca Garten, Thomas Haupt, Mary Anne Jackson, Anna Kocharian, Daniel Leifer, Ruth Lynfield, Karen Martin, Lisa Mchugh, Sara Robinson, George Turabelidze, Lori A. Webber, Meghan Pearce Weinberg, David E. Wentworth, Lyn Finelli, Michael A. Jhung

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: During the 2014-2015 influenza season in the United States, 256 cases of influenza-associated parotitis were reported from 27 states. We conducted a case-control study and laboratory investigation to further describe this rare clinical manifestation of influenza.

Methods: During February 2015-April 2015, we interviewed 50 cases (with parotitis) and 124 ill controls (without parotitis) with laboratory-confirmed influenza; participants resided in 11 states and were matched by age, state, hospital admission status, and specimen collection date. Influenza viruses were characterized using real-time polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing. We compared cases and controls using conditional logistic regression. Specimens from additional reported …

Perspectives From The Society For Pediatric Research: Interventions Targeting Social Needs In Pediatric Clinical Care., Andrew F. Beck, Alicia J. Cohen, Jeffrey D. Colvin, Caroline M. Fichtenberg, Eric W. Fleegler, Arvin Garg, Laura M. Gottlieb, Matthew S S. Pantell, Megan T. Sandel, Adam Schickedanz, Robert S. Kahn

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The social determinants of health (SDoH) are defined by the World Health Organization as the "conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age." Within pediatrics, studies have highlighted links between these underlying social, economic, and environmental conditions, and a range of health outcomes related to both acute and chronic disease. Additionally, within the adult literature, multiple studies have shown significant links between social problems experienced during childhood and "adult diseases" such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. A variety of potential mechanisms for such links have been explored including differential access to care, exposure to carcinogens and pathogens, …

Cohort Profile: The Maternal And Infant Nutrition Interventions In Matlab (Minimat) Cohort In Bangladesh, Shams El Arifeen, Eva-Charlotte Ekström, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Jena Hamadani, Ashraful I. Khan, Ruchira T. Naved, Anisur Rahman, Rubhana Raqib, Kathleen M. Rasmussen, Katarina Ekholm Selling, Yukiko Wagatsuma, Lars Åke Persson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Agreement Between Clinician-Rated Versus Patient-Reported Outcomes In Huntington Disease, Noelle E Carlozzi, Nicholas R Boileau, Joel S Perlmutter, Kelvin L Chou, Julie C Stout, Jane S Paulsen, Michael K Mccormack, David Cella, Martha A Nance, Jin-Shei Lai, Praveen Dayalu

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

BACKGROUND: Clinician-rated measures of functioning are often used as primary endpoints in clinical trials and other behavioral research in Huntington disease. As study costs for clinician-rated assessments are not always feasible, there is a question of whether patient self-report of commonly used clinician-rated measures may serve as acceptable alternatives in low risk behavioral trials.

AIM: The purpose of this paper was to determine the level of agreement between self-report and clinician-ratings of commonly used functional assessment measures in Huntington disease.

DESIGN: 486 participants with premanifest or manifest Huntington disease were examined. Total Functional Capacity, Functional Assessment, and Independence Scale assessments …

The Impacts Of Medicaid Expansion On Rural Low-Income Adults: Lessons From The Oregon Health Insurance Experiment., Heidi Allen, Bill J. Wright, Lauren Broffman

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Medicaid expansions through the Affordable Care Act began in January 2014, but we have little information about what is happening in rural areas where provider access and patient resources might be more limited. In 2008, Oregon held a lottery for restricted access to its Medicaid program for uninsured low-income adults not otherwise eligible for public coverage. The Oregon Health Insurance Experiment used this opportunity to conduct the first randomized controlled study of a public insurance expansion. This analysis builds off of previous work by comparing rural and urban survey outcomes and adds qualitative interviews with 86 rural study participants for …

Use Of International Classification Of Diseases, Ninth Revision Codes For Obesity: Trends In The United States From An Electronic Health Record-Derived Database., Michelle Mocarski, Ye Tian, B. Gabriel Smolarz, John Mcana, Albert Crawford

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Obesity is a potentially modifiable risk factor for many diseases, and a better understanding of its impact on health care utilization, costs, and medical outcomes is needed. The ability to accurately evaluate obesity outcomes depends on a correct identification of the population with obesity. The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) coding for overweight and obesity within a US primary care electronic health record (EHR) database compared against actual body mass index (BMI) values from recorded clinical patient data; characteristics of patients with obesity who did …

Internet And Social Media Access Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Mixed-Methods Study., Lauren A. Houdek Vonholtz, Rosemary Frasso, Jesse M. Golinkoff, Alicia J. Lozano, Alexandra Hanlon, Nadia Dowshen

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Youth experiencing homelessness are at a risk for a variety of adverse outcomes. Given the widespread use of the internet and social media, these new technologies may be used to address their needs and for outreach purposes. However, little is known about how this group uses these resources.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated how homeless adolescents use these technologies for general and health-related purposes, whether the scope of their use changes with housing status, and their interest in a website dedicated to youth experiencing homelessness.

METHODS: A convenience sample of youth aged 18 to 21 years was recruited from a …

Dietary Diversity Predicts The Adequacy Of Micronutrient Intake In Pregnant Adolescent Girls And Women In Bangladesh, But Use Of The 5-Group Cutoff Poorly Identifies Individuals With Inadequate Intake, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Lieven Huybregts, Tina G. Sanghvi, Lan Mai Tran, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Purnima Menon, Marie T. Ruel

Faculty Publications

Background: The Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) indicator based on a 10-food group women dietary diversity score (WDDS-10) has been validated to assess dietary quality in nonpregnant women. Little is known about its applicability in pregnant women, and specifically pregnant adolescent girls with higher nutrient requirements. Objectives: This study aimed to 1) compare the adequacy of micronutrient intakes between pregnant adolescent girls and women, 2) examine the performance of WDDS-10 in predicting the mean probability of adequacy (MPA) of 11 micronutrients, and 3) assess how well the MDD-W cutoff of 5 groups performed in pregnant adolescent girls and women. …

A Test Of Multisession Automatic Action Tendency Retraining To Reduce Alcohol Consumption Among Young Adults In The Context Of A Human Laboratory Paradigm., Robert F Leeman, Christine Nogueira, Reinout W Wiers, Janna Cousijn, Kelly Serafini, Kelly S Demartini, John A Bargh, Stephanie S O'Malley

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Young adult heavy drinking is an important public health concern. Current interventions have efficacy but with only modest effects, and thus, novel interventions are needed. In prior studies, heavy drinkers, including young adults, have demonstrated stronger automatically triggered approach tendencies to alcohol-related stimuli than lighter drinkers. Automatic action tendency retraining has been developed to correct this tendency and consequently reduce alcohol consumption. This study is the first to test multiple iterations of automatic action tendency retraining, followed by laboratory alcohol self-administration.

METHODS: A total of 72 nontreatment-seeking, heavy drinking young adults ages 21 to 25 were randomized to automatic …

Identifying Health Conditions, Priorities, And Relevant Multilevel Health Promotion Intervention Strategies In African American Churches: A Faith Community Health Needs Assessment., Jannette Berkley-Patton, Carole Bowe Thompson, Andrea Bradley-Ewing, Marcie Berman, Alexandria Bauer, Delwyn Catley, Kathy Goggin, Eric Williams, Cassandra Wainright, Therese Petty, Natasha Aduloju-Ajijola

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.