Public Health Commons^™

U.S. Government Agency Podcasts, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Presents podcasts from U.S. Government agencies which can be discovered through the U.S. Government Publishing Office's Catalog of Government Publications. Agencies whose podcasts are presented include the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Peace Corps, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Government Accountability Office (GAO), National Park Service, Department of Justice, Federal Reserve System, and U.S. Naval War College.

Knowledge And Implementation Of Tobacco Control Practices In Rural Louisiana Community Health Centers, Michael D. Celestin Jr, Ty-Runet Bryant, Tung Sung Tseng, Krysten Jones-Winn, Qingzhao Yu

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Association for Clinical and Translational Science 2024; April 3 - April 5, 2024; Las Vegas, NV

Impact Of Preexisting Hypertension And Demographic Factors On Pandemic-Era Anxiety Using The Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Chukwuemeka Ogbonnaya Okpom

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Spatial-Temporal Variation Of Diarrhea And Associated Sociobehavioral Factors Between 2010-2020 In Rwanda, Amans Ntakarutimana

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Four Computed Tomography Reconstruction Algorithms Using A Coronary Artery Phantom, Shungo Sawamura, Shingo Kato, Yoshinori Funama, Seitaro Oda, Harumi Mochizuki, Sayuri Inagaki, Yuka Takeuchi, Tsubasa Morioka, Toshiharu Izumi, Yoichiro Ota, Hironori Kawagoe, Shihyao Cheng, Naoki Nakayama, Kazuki Fukui, Takashi Tsutsumi, Tae Iwasawa, Daisuke Utsunomiya

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite advancements in coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), challenges in positive predictive value and specificity remain due to limited spatial resolution. The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effect of 2nd generation deep learning-based reconstruction (DLR) on the quantitative and qualitative image quality in coronary CTA.

METHODS: A vessel model with stepwise non-calcified plaque was scanned using 320-detector CT. Image reconstruction was performed using four techniques: hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR), model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), DLR, and 2nd generation DLR. The luminal peak CT number, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and edge rise slope (ERS) were quantitatively evaluated via …

Cancer Surveillance Program Data As A Vital Tool For Public Health Practitioners, James W. Kinchen, Lauren Maniscalco, Mary Ritter

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Objective: To illustrate the breadth of data collected by cancer surveillance programs and how the data can be used in public health research and program development. Abstract: Surveillance programs are essential elements of many different subspecialties of epidemiology and public health. One specialized type of program, cancer registries, collects data on all cancer cases diagnosed within a specific population. In the United States, each state has a population-based cancer registry to which healthcare providers report new cases of cancer diagnosed in the population served. While these data are extensive and can be utilized to support cancer research, control, and prevention, …

How Covid-19 Changed Us: Compassion, Leadership, And Policy, The Lincy Institute

Lincy Institute Events

Nevada was one of the hardest hit states during the COVID-19 pandemic. Over the past three years, researchers at The Lincy Institute and other institutions collected interviews from 80 Nevada leaders across sectors including elected officials, leaders in education, community organizations, government agencies, and the business community. Four years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, our communities continue to build a resilient and healthy Nevada. This forum discusses how the crisis prompted us to rethink how we lead and how we can prepare for future challenges. Following a presentation of the project and its deliverables, leaders across sectors discuss …

Analisis Spasial Faktor Risiko Difteri Di Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2022 Dan 2023, Nada Izzata Kamilla, Feranita Utama, Noviani Noviani

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Difteri merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Bila ditemukan satu kasus difteri di suatu wilayah maka dapat ditetapkan sebagai KLB. Provinsi Lampung terus mengalami kenaikan kasus dan suspek difteri sejak 2020 dan turut menyumbang angka kematian akibat difteri pada tahun 2023. Kasus difteri dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor risiko. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran distribusi dan faktor risiko kasus difteri di Provinsi Lampung dengan memetakan kabupaten/kota berdasarkan persebaran dan faktor risikonya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi dengan metode deskriptif analitik dengan aplikasi Quantum GIS versi 3.28.3. Hasil menunjukan distribusi kejadian difteri di Provinsi …

Analysis Of User Satisfaction Of Telemedicine Services During Covid-19 Self-Isolation Among Fph Students At The Universitas Indonesia, Fathiya Nissa Mulyaningrum, Nadya Raihanny

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Telemedicine has become a new paradigm in the world of health since its popular use to assist the Ministry of Health in monitoring self-isolating patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze service quality variables related to user satisfaction with telemedicine services during COVID-19 self-isolation among students in FPH UI. This research is quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. The results show that the platform most widely used for telemedicine services during the COVID-19 pandemic was platform H by 25 people. The average satisfaction of telemedicine users during self-isolation tends to be high, namely 3.8 with the lowest …

Sistem Monitoring Dan Evaluasi Serta Perkembangan Program Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Penyakit Tuberkulosis Di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Depok, Supriyanti Supriyanti, Tiur Febrina Pohan, Kemal N. Siregar

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Beban kasus TB tertinggi tahun 2021 terjadi di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, Jawa Tengah, Sumatera Utara, dan DKI Jakarta. Kota Depok merupakan salah satu penyumbang beban TB di Jawa Barat. Dari data estimasi beban TB se-Provinsi Jawa Barat, Kota Depok berada di urutan ke-7 dengan estimasi jumlah kasus sebanyak 3853 kasus. Menurut indikator angka keberhasilan pengobatan pasien TB, semua kasus tahun 2018-2021 masih dibawah target 90%. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil monitoring dan evaluasi program TB yang telah berjalan di Seksi Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit Menular serta perkembangan program TB dilihat dari capaian indikator TB di Dinas Kesehatan …

Hubungan Berat Derajat Merokok Terhadap Kelainan Fungsi Paru Pada Sopir Angkutan Umum Di Terminal Kampung Melayu, Rizaldi Ridwan, Fajaria Nurcandra, Chandrayani Simanjorang, Dyah Utari, Balqis Hiri Bahasoan

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Di Indonesia, terdapat sebanyak 9,2 juta jiwa penyakit kelainan fungsi paru. Sopir angkutan umum yang merokok berisiko mengalami kelainan fungsi paru yang diakibatkan oleh rokok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan berat derajat merokok terhadap gejala kelainan fungsi paru pada sopir angkutan umum di Terminal Kampung Melayu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei tahun 2023 di Terminal Kampung Melayu dengan desain cross-sectional pada 102 sopir angkutan umum sebagai sampel. Sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi sopir angkutan umum dan bersedia diwawancara. Wawancara langsung dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner dan spirometri untuk mengukur fungsi paru. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Cox …

Persepsi Masyarakat Perdesaan Terhadap Penerimaan Vaksinasi Covid-19 Tahap Iii (Booster), Irma Irma, Yusuf Sabilu, Besse Amelia

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Penerimaan vaksinasi COVID-19 tahap III (booster) tiap kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan memperoleh cakupan yang berbeda-beda. Jika dibandingkan dengan kabupaten/kota lainnya, Kabupaten Wajo memperoleh cakupan vaksin COVID-19 tahap III (booster) masih rendah yaitu 14.06%, dimana Desa Watan Rumpia memiliki persentase cakupan vaksinasi COVID-19 tahap III (booster) terendah per 16 Agustus 2022. Hal ini disebabkan karena persepsi dari masyarakat itu sendiri dalam menanggapi penerimaan vaksinasi COVID-19 tahap III (booster). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi masyarakat mengenai kerentanan, keparahan, manfaat dengan penerimaan vaksinasi COVID-19 tahap III (booster) di Desa …

Impact Of Fads Genotype On Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Content In Human Milk Extracellular Vesicles: A Genetic Association Study, John J. Miklavcic, Natalie Paterson, Jennifer Hahn-Holbrook, Laura M. Glynn

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Extracellular vesicles in human milk are critical in supporting newborn growth and development. Bioavailability of dietary extracellular vesicles may depend on the composition of membrane lipids. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase gene cluster impact the content of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in human milk phospholipids. This study investigated the relation between variation in FADS1 and FADS2 with the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in extracellular vesicles from human milk.

Methods

Milk was obtained from a cohort of mothers (N = 70) at 2–4 weeks of lactation. SNPs in the FADS gene locus were determined using …

Research Frameworks: Critical Components For Reporting Qualitative Health Care Research, Ann Z. George

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Qualitative health care research can provide insights into health care practices that quantitative studies cannot. However, the potential of qualitative research to improve health care is undermined by reporting that does not explain or justify the research questions and design. The vital role of research frameworks for designing and conducting quality research is widely accepted, but despite many articles and books on the topic, confusion persists about what constitutes an adequate underpinning framework, what to call it, and how to use one. This editorial clarifies some of the terminology and reinforces why research frameworks are essential for good-quality reporting of …

Measuring The Impact Of Primary Care Team Composition On Patient Activation Utilizing Electronic Health Record Big Data Analytics, Kristen K. Will, Yue Liang, Chih-Lin Chi, Gerri Lamb, Michael Todd, Connie Delaney

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose

Team-based care has been linked to key outcomes associated with the Quadruple Aim and a key driver of high-value patient-centered care. Use of the electronic health record (EHR) and machine learning have significant potential to overcome previous barriers to studying the impact of teams, including delays in accessing data to improve teamwork and optimize patient outcomes.

Methods

This study utilized a large EHR dataset (n = 316,542) from an urban health system to explore the relationship between team composition and patient activation, a key driver of patient engagement. Teams were operationalized using consensus definitions of teamwork from the literature. …

Adult Development And Associated Health Risks, Elizabeth C. Halloran

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Much has been learned about adult development in recent decades. Adults go through stages of development (emerging adulthood, young adulthood, middle adulthood, post-retirement, and very old age) with certain challenges at each stage. Viewing patients through a developmental lens is part of providing patient-centered care. Knowing the prominent issues, stressors, and risks at each stage of development is important in understanding patients. This knowledge can help customize medical advice to patients regarding obesity, disability, sleep, substance use, relationships, and age-related declines. This paper summarizes an updated view of adult development and discusses its relevance to health risks and patient-centered care …

Respiratory Therapists' Attitudes On Patient Safety And The Use Of Workarounds: A Phenomenological Study, Lee Wisdom

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Capstones

Respiratory therapists (RTs) provide cardiopulmonary care and share the essential responsibility of keeping patients safe throughout their healthcare journey. RTs care for patients in various settings and manage mechanical ventilation (life-support), artificial airways, and attend emergencies such as cardiac arrests and other urgent clinical care matters (American Association for Respiratory Care [AARC], n.d.-b). As such, RTs may be exposed to opportunities in their day-to-day routines that influence patient safety. Currently, the literature is limited regarding RTs’ safety attitudes and the use of workarounds in respiratory care in the United States (U.S.). Both safety attitudes and the use of workarounds have …

Broken Promises: Prolonged Diminished Quality-Of-Life Among Liberian Ebola Survivors Half A Decade After The 2014-16 West African Outbreak, Jessi Hanson-Defusco, Decontee Davis, Meghana Bommareddy, Zainab Olaniyan

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

The 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak left thousands of Liberian survivors with severely diminished quality of life. Applying a social determinants framework, this mixed method study investigates to what extent Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors suffer long-haul psychosocial stress, diminished quality-of-life factors, and the impact of EVD-related service provisions on their ongoing healing. We present the results of a quantitative analysis survey of data collected from 19 Liberian EVD survivors in 2022 using snowball sampling. Additionally, a qualitative analysis of survivor statements helps triangulate key statistical findings and inform causal mechanisms. Survivors report experiencing 5.25 of a total of 7 ongoing stressors …

Associations Between Sleep Duration, Sleep Disturbance And Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers Among Adults In The United States, Prince Nii Ossah Addo, Paddington T. Mundagowa, Longgang Zhao, Mufaro Kanyangarara, Monique J. Brown Ph.D., Mph, Jihong Liu Sc.D.

Faculty Publications

Background

Sleep problems are associated with abnormal cardiovascular biomarkers and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, studies investigating associations between sleep problems and CVD biomarkers have reported conflicting findings. This study examined the associations between sleep problems and CVD biomarkers in the United States.

Methods

Data were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2007–2018) and analyses were restricted to adults ≥ 20 years (n = 23,749). CVD biomarkers [C-reactive Protein (CRP), low-density lipoproteins, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), triglycerides, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting blood glucose] were categorized as abnormal or normal using standardized cut-off …

Neonatal Outcomes In The Surgical Management Of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders: A Retrospective Single-Center Observational Study From 468 Vietnamese Pregnancies Beyond 28 Weeks Of Gestation, Phuc Nhon Nguyen, Anh Dinh Bao Vuong, Xuan Trang Thi Pham

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Placenta accreta spectrum disorders (PASDs) increase the mortality rate for mothers and newborns over a decade. Thus, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the neonatal outcomes in emergency cesarean section (CS) and planned surgery as well as in Cesarean hysterectomy and the modified one-step conservative uterine surgery (MOSCUS). The secondary aim is to reveal the factors relating to poor neonatal outcomes.

METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective study conducted between 2019 and 2020 at Tu Du Hospital, in the southern region of Vietnam. A total of 497 pregnant women involved in PASDs beyond 28 weeks of gestation …

Targeting Branched N-Glycans And Fucosylation Sensitizes Ovarian Tumors To Immune Checkpoint Blockade, Hao Nie, Pratima Saini, Taito Miyamoto, Liping Liao, Rafal J Zielinski, Heng Liu, Wei Zhou, Chen Wang, Brennah Murphy, Martina Towers, Tyler Yang, Yuan Qi, Toshitha Kannan, Andrew Kossenkov, Hiroaki Tateno, Daniel T Claiborne, Nan Zhang, Mohamed Abdel-Mohsen, Rugang Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aberrant glycosylation is a crucial strategy employed by cancer cells to evade cellular immunity. However, it's unclear whether homologous recombination (HR) status-dependent glycosylation can be therapeutically explored. Here, we show that the inhibition of branched N-glycans sensitizes HR-proficient, but not HR-deficient, epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). In contrast to fucosylation whose inhibition sensitizes EOCs to anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy regardless of HR-status, we observe an enrichment of branched N-glycans on HR-proficient compared to HR-deficient EOCs. Mechanistically, BRCA1/2 transcriptionally promotes the expression of MGAT5, the enzyme responsible for catalyzing branched N-glycans. The branched N-glycans on HR-proficient tumors augment their …

A Systematic Review: Mirror Neurons & Schizophrenia, Yashesvi Sharma, Surajit Dey

Annual Research Symposium

This research project establishes a link between Mirror Neuron System (MNS) activity and this information's implications in treating and understanding schizophrenia, specifically, schizophrenic patients with negative symptoms.

Overcoming Barriers Associated With Inequitable Historic Highway Development Dcisions: New Orleans Interstate-10 (I-10), Christina Quijano, Amy Stelly, Adrienne Katner

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Background: Gentrification has become growing concern in many cities across the United States. Post Hurricane Katrina, New Orleans has seen an influx in gentrification, the Treme Neighborhood being one of them. With future plans to remove the Claiborne Avenue I-10 Corridor, increased gentrification in Treme has become a concern of the residents. Case Description: Gentrification-associated policies implemented by other states and cities were evaluated to assess feasibility to adoption in New Orleans. Two solutions were identified as presenting the greatest benefit and least impact on stakeholders. The creation of a community land trust and development of an anti-displacement policy is …

Trend Of Louisiana Covid-19 Outbreaks In Religious Services: March 2020 - February 2021, Julius L. Tonzel, Theresa Sokol, Susanne Straif-Bourgeois

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Objective: To better understand the impact of the transmission of COVID-19 in religious services in Louisiana. Background: Louisiana identified its first COVID-19 outbreak in a religious service, or place of worship for faith-based communities, in March 2020. As a mitigation response, during the Phase 1 period, maximum capacity was reduced to 25% and masking and social distancing were enforced. As religious services return to maximum capacity, there is concern about the role that these settings will contribute to the burden of disease. Methods: COVID-19 outbreaks in religious services were identified by the Louisiana Office of Public Health Infectious Disease Epidemiology …

Perceptions Of Manual Vacuum Aspiration Among Resident And Atending Physicians In Louisiana, Kelly Chau, Mirandy Li, Jennifer Robinson, Stacey Scheib

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Background: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) individuals are more likely to smoke than non-LGBTQ individuals, and there is currently a heavy need for smoking cessation research for LGBTQ populations. Smoking has been posited as a coping mechanism for LGBTQ individuals facing minority stress. However, no studies have examined the exact effect that minority stress has on smoking in LGBTQ populations. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to examine which minority stress processes effect smoking behaviors for LGBTQ individuals. Methods: PubMed, EBSCO, and PsychInfo searches were conducted for smoking-, LGBTQ-, and minority stress-related terms. No date, geographic, …

A Phase 1 Clinical Trial Combining Car T-Cell Therapy With Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cells In A Multi-Cultural Patient Population, Bry Reinhardt Ms

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Background: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell therapy is a type of immunotherapy designed to treat relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies such non-Hodgkin B-Cell Lymphoma, B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, and Multiple Myeloma. CAR T toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome and post-infusion cytopenias pose major challenges to the regimen. Additionally, CAR T is a complicated and involved therapy. It is critical to explain the risks and benefits to patients, which can be challenging when they are non-native English speakers.

Objectives: The co-primary endpoints of this trial are to determine the feasibility of collecting the target cell dose of …

Assessing Stigma In People Living With Hiv, Kyle Mistretta, John W. Apolzan, Hui-Yi Lin, Connie Arnold, Jonathan R. Schroeder, David Welsh, Lauren E. Richey

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Abstract: Stigma and discrimination may result in poorer health literacy, negative health outcomes, and increased morbidity from other chronic diseases in PWH. We created a multidisciplinary team to study stigma, health behaviors, and outcomes in PWH in Louisiana. The team HIV clinics in three cities; New Orleans, Baton Rouge, and Shreveport, forming the Louisiana Translational Collaborative on Health Behaviors [LATCH]. We hypothesized that PWH who report increased stigma would have lower health literacy and more comorbidities.

Methods: PWH aged ≥ 18 were recruited from three HIV clinics during regular appointments. Participants completed standardized surveys that assessed stigma via the HIV …

Implementation Science Applied: Expansion Of Evidence-Based Programs In Louisiana, Willandra Whiting, Sara Juneau, Ashley Fenton, Kelsey Witmeier, Stephen Phillippi

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

According to the most recent 2021 US Census Bureau data, Louisiana ranks as the 2nd most impoverished state in the country[1], with approximately half of its children enrolled in Medicaid[2]. Given that behavioral health conditions can develop in children whose vulnerabilities make them susceptible to poverty's effects[3], it is understandable that Medicaid is the US's largest payer of behavioral healthcare services[4]. Research has shown that evidence-based programs (EBPs), referred to as the "gold standard," are more effective in improving children's long-term behavioral health outcomes and reducing the amount entering the juvenile justice …

Voices, Stories And Experiences Of Black Women Phase Ii: Community Engagement Activity Report Informing The Establishment Of A Trenton-Based Maternal & Infant Health Innovation Center, John S. Watson Institute For Urban Policy And Research, Tirzah Spencer, Phd, Mph, Barbara George Johnson

Center for Urban Policy Research

As an extension of our 2022 study Voices, Stories and Experiences of Black Women (Phase 1), the John S. Watson Institute for Urban Policy and Research at Kean University’s Maternal and Child Health Equity Team was asked to share information about the planned Maternal and Infant Health Innovation Center (MIHIC) with Trenton residents as a part of Nurture NJ’s community engagement efforts. The Team implemented the following community engagement activities: Communication: Community engagement through social media outreach and in-person outreach were used as approaches to inform Trenton residents about the MIHIC. Dissemination of Findings: Community cafés were designed to share …

The Impact Of Neurological Diseases In Kisumu, Kenya: Case Studies At Jootrh And Kcrh, Jack F. Dunham

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Introduction: The burden that neurological diseases put on health systems is high, and growing across the globe, especially in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) like Kenya. For this reason, our study sought out to study the burden and impact of neurological diseases at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH) and Kisumu County Referral Hospital (KCRH), which are in Western Kenya.

Methods: Utilizing data from handwritten patient records spanning 23 months, our study collected said data and analyzed the prevalence, incidence, distribution, and outcomes of different neurological diseases as they impact the Kisumu community.

Results/Discussion: Comparing …