Public Health Commons^™

First Response To Opioid Overdose On College Campuses, Randall Ford, Ho-Jui Tung

Eagles Talking About the Public’s Health

No abstract provided.

Medicina Tropical Y Su Proyeccion Actual: Un Breve Panorama [A Brief Overview: Tropical Medicine And Its Current Projection], Nathalie Chacon, Luis Alfonso Colmenares Suárez

Physician Assistant Studies Faculty Publications

La rica tradición histórica y los importantes avances científicos de la Medicina Tropical (MT) han contribuido a su inmensa proyección actual. La literatura consultada así lo refleja. Esta investigación documental apuntó a esa misma dirección y buscó enriquecer el acervo bibliográfico al respecto. Mediante la lectura crítica de referencias y el método cualitativo de Huberman y Miles se estructuró una argumentación discursiva referente a la proyección actual de la MT a lo largo de las tres secciones de este trabajo: su origen histórico, su ulterior desarrollo, sus tendencias y perspectivas futuras. El médico escocés Patrick Manson (1844-1922), es considerado como …

Tratamiento De La Leishmaniasis Tegumentaria Americana Con Meglumina En Pacientes Con Inmunoterapia Previa [Treatment Of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis With Meglu-Mine In Patients With Previous Immunotherapy], Pedro Navarro, Luis Alfonso Colmenares Suárez, Olinda Delgado, María Antonia De La Parte, Mariana Rivas, Romy Plaza, Ana G. Angulo, Nathalie Chacon Fonseca

Physician Assistant Studies Faculty Publications

El antimoniato de meglumina (AM) y la inmunoterapia (IMTP), son las opciones terapéuticas individuales más utilizadas en los pacientes con leishmaniasis tegumentaria americana (LTA) en nuestro medio. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficacia terapéutica del AM en pacientes con LTA e IMTP previa y cicatrización lenta de sus lesiones. Los pacientes se evaluaron en la Sección de Endemias Rurales del Instituto de Medicina Tropical (SER-IMT), entre el 01 de enero del año 2002 y el 31 de octubre del 2010. Se contó con la colaboración de la Sección de Inmunoparasitología del referido instituto (SIP-IMT). Se estudiaron 32 …

Know Before You Play: Associations Between Race, Education, And Hiv Susceptibility, Anfa Mohamed Diiriye

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Black women are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States. This paper analyzes the associations between race, education, and HIV susceptibility, furthering previous research to understand if educational attainment reduces HIV susceptibility and if reduction patterns are similar for Black and White women. The CDC’s National Survey of Family Growth 2015-2017 was used to analyze associations using binary logistic and multiple regression models. HIV susceptibility was operationalized through four measures: condom use, having a partner with concurrent sexual relationships, having had an STD, and age at first sex. Black women were not found to be significantly more susceptible to …

Epidemiology Of Colorectal Cancer Comorbidities And Stage At Diagnosis, Survival, And Second Primary Malignancies In Kentucky, 2003-2016, Nikita Leigh Vundi

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer and the third most common cause of cancer death among men and women in the United States.^1-3 The American Cancer Society estimates that there will be 147,950 new cases of CRC and 53,200 CRC related deaths in the U.S. for the year 2020.3 Kentucky CRC incidence for 2012-2016 was the highest in the nation, and the mortality rate for years 2013-2017 was ranked 5th in the nation.^4-6 Risk factors for CRC include lifestyle factors, genetics, and disease status (comorbidities and treatment).2, 7 Diabetes has been …

Utilizing A Community-Based Doula Care Intervention To Reduce Race-Based Perinatal Health Inequities In Jefferson County, Kentucky, Brendan Mathews

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Target Population and Need

The United States is currently the only industrialized nation in the world experiencing increasing rates of

pregnancy-related mortality.

1,2

Black women die at 3-4 times the rate of their white counterparts.

1-5

This disparity

is likely caused by the experience of systemic racism, which increases allostatic load and produces epigenetic

modifications linked to higher likelihood for poor birth outcomes. Biases perpetuated by health care providers

result in black women being less likely to receive quality healthcare and more likely to experience poor perinatal

1-7 to all pregnant women.

health outcomes.

The provision of doula-based care can …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Worksite Wellness Programs, Marilyn S. Campbell

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Introduction: Worksite wellness programs are popular employer offerings as of the last few decades. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major shifts in behavior since these programs have been implemented. The purpose of this study was to see how the pandemic has affected various offerings within a university worksite wellness program.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of a university worksite wellness program, and it compares participation in the various offerings in response to the COVID-19 pandemic by evaluating 2019 participation (pre-pandemic) to 2020 participation (including onset of the pandemic and after). This worksite wellness program, which is available to …

Utilizing A Formative Program Evaluation Approach And An Application Of Grounded Theory To Assess A Novel Harm Reduction Program, Dia Obonyo

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Formative program evaluation is conducted during development and early implementation to ensure a program is feasible, appropriate, and acceptable. The Harm Reduction Initiative (HRI), a program of KIRP, the Kentucky AIDS Drug Assistance (KADAP) Income Reinvestment Program, seeks to address some of the underlying causes of infectious disease vulnerability resulting from drug use by focusing on infectious disease testing and linkage to care among high risk individuals. The primary objective of the evaluation was to achieve the following aims: 1) characterize the need for the program, 2) clarify the theory and logic of the program, 3) inform implementation, and 4) …

The Impact Of Income On Nutrition: A Case Study Of Northern Mozambique, Hunter Swanigan, Lawton Lanier Nalley

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

In 2017, Mozambique ranked as one of the least developed countries in the world by measures of health, education, and income. With a minimal annual income, purchasing adequate food to meet recommended levels of nutrients for a healthy diet is difficult, leaving 40% of the country undernourished. This study analyzed what foods are available during the dry months (hungry season) of May through October in the Nampula province of Mozambique to determine if it is possible to meet recommended levels of nutrients from purchasing and growing food. Three different levels of income were used to determine what percentage of the …

Overlapping Vulnerabilities In Workers Of The Electronics Recycling Industry Formal Sector: A Commentary, Diana M. Ceballos, Daniel Côté, Bouchra Bakhiyi, Michael A. Flynn, Joseph Zayed, Sabrina Gravel, Robert F. Herrick, France Labrèche

Éditoriaux, lettres à l'éditeur

No abstract provided.

Are Maternal Feeding Practices And Mealtime Emotions Associated With Toddlers’ Food Neophobia?A Follow-Up To The Dit-Coombe Hospital Birth Cohort In Ireland, Meijing An, Qianling Zhou, Katherine Younger, Xiyao Liu, John M. Kearney

Articles

This study was conducted to explore the associations between maternal feeding practices,mealtime emotions, as well as maternal food neophobia and toddlers’ food neophobia in Ireland.A follow-up to the Technological University Dublin (DIT)-Coombe Hospital birth cohort wasconducted. Mothers in the original cohort were invited to the present study by telephone calls.Postal questionnaires with stamped addressed envelopes were distributed to those who agreed toparticipate in the study. Toddler food neophobia was assessed by the modified version of the ChildFood Neophobia Scale (CFNS). There were 205 participants included in this study, with a median scoreof child food neophobia of 12. A higher degree …

What Do We Know About The Nexus Between Culture, Age, Gender And Health Literacy? Implications For Improving The Health And Well-Being Of Young Indigenous Males, Anthony Merlino, James A. Smith, Mick Adams, Jason Bonson, Richard Osborne, Barry Judd, Murray Drummond, David Aanundsen, Jesse Fleay, Benjamin Christie

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Health literacy, although diversely defined, refers to the abilities, relationships and external environments required for people to successfully promote health. Existing research suggests that health literacy is related to health inequities, including individual and community capacity to navigate health. A diverse range of factors shape health literacy abilities and environments, especially culture, gender and age. However, the nexus between these variables and their cumulative impact on health literacy development remains largely unexplored. Commentary that explores these dynamics among young Indigenous males is particularly scant. In turn, strategies to bridge health equity gaps have been obscured. This article brings together disparate …

Contextualizing Performance Of Coordinated Care Network Of Veteran Services In Virginia, Marina Saitgalina, Donta Council

School of Public Service Faculty Publications

Coordinated care network is an approach to human service delivery that is recognized to improve client outcomes at a reduced cost. However, general mixed findings on the effectiveness of coordinated care networks warrant research contextualization. This article seeks to discover factors influencing the performance of a coordinated care network delivering social services to veterans and their families. The study provides a contextual analysis of a coordinated care network launched in 2016 in southeastern Virginia for two samples of 1,512 and 375 veterans and their families. Results of the regression analyses indicate that initial progress has been made both in efficiency …

Teaching During The Pandemic? An Opportunity To Enhance Curriculum, M. Courtney Hughes, Beverly W. Henry, Michael R. Kushnick

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

The rapid transition of courses to an emergency remote teaching and learning format at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 created challenges across the university landscape for faculty and students and, inevitably, affects the future of higher education. We drew upon education theory, evidence-based teaching practices, and insights from a rapid-response survey of academics in the fields of public health, health promotion, and health communication about their perspectives on the impact of COVID-19. This article aims to help educators explore potential strategies to incorporate the lessons and reality of the pandemic into their curriculum. Shifting expectations and …

Vulvodynia, It’S In My Head: Mad Methods Toward Crip Coalition, Renee Dumaresque

Journal of Feminist Scholarship

This article employs a mad transdisciplinary approach to autoethnography to detail vulvodynia — or chronic vulvar pain — within the system of (dis)ability. Through autoethnography, the self operates as a mobile orientation from which to identify and disrupt the colonial rationalities that differentially construct and narrate vulvodynia across sites of madness and disability. Through historical, discursive, and autoethnographic analysis, I locate vulvodynia’s role in various processes of subject, race, and settler-state formation from the nineteenth century up to the neoliberal present.

Identifying Community Physical Activity And Health Resources For Treatment Of Back Pain By Utilizing Members Of A Physical Activity Network, Cara L. Sedney, Treah Haggerty, Sam Zizzi, Patricia Dekeseredy

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Back pain is one of the leading causes of health care expenditure in the US and is linked to an increased body mass index. Many evidence-based modalities for the prevention and treatment of back pain closely mirror recommendations for weight loss and include physical activity and health maintenance activities (PAHM). The primary aim of this study was to ascertain community assets, and perceptions of the use of PAHM in the treatment of back pain by West Virginia Physical Activity Network (WVPAN) members.

Methods

Participants for the study were recruited from the West Virginia Physical Activity Network. This grassroots organization …

A Content Analysis Of Institutions Of Higher Education's Sexual Assault Policies: Assessing Response To Sexual Assault In Georgia, Brianna Williams

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Sexual assault is a public health concern that must be systematically addressed. The existence of a comprehensive sexual assault policy and compliance with federal regulations can guide institutions of higher education in responding to and preventing sexual assault on campus. Federal laws hold institutions accountable for providing a safe environment for students. The purpose of this qualitative content analysis was to assess compliance with federal policy and assess the response to sexual assault by IHE in Georgia. Data from the National Center for Education Statistics was utilized to identify Georgia's institutions receiving federal aid during 2018-2019. Using a proportionate stratified …

Exploring The Physical And Mental Health Disparities In The Transgender Male Community In A Southern Community-Based Medical Lgbtq Organization, Karen E. Musgrove

All ETDs from UAB

This dissertation examined the physical and mental health disparities in the transgender male community in a Southern community-based medical LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) organization via a convergent mixed methods study design. There is a paucity of research on the transgender male community in terms of their physical and mental health care needs, services, and disparities. Quantitative data were col-lected via a chart review of 130 transgender male medical charts at the Magic City Well-ness Center (MCWC). The MCWC transgender male medical chart data were compared to three groups separately of the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) …

Genetic And Immunologic Predictors Of Genital Chlamydia Reinfection In African American Women Using Bayesian Hierarchical Models, Kristin Olson

All ETDs from UAB

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infec-tion. The burden is greatest in young, African American women. CT reinfections are common and increase risk for reproductive morbidity. Why some women are more sus-ceptible to reinfection is not well understood. Emerging evidence suggests immunologic and genetic variants may predict reinfection susceptibility. The primary goal of this dissertation is to evaluate immunologic and genetic vari-ants as predictors of CT reinfection in young, African American women using different modeling approaches, which has never been reported previously. To evaluate a much larger number of potential predictors than our sample size (a …

The Movement From Research Translation To Community Transformation, Tabia H. Akintobi

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

The theme of this special issue is Moving Translational Approaches to Community Transformation. Its emphasis is on the work of multidisciplinary teams that implement and assess the impact of translational research, policy, practice and educational initiatives on the transformation of community/population health in the State of Georgia. Research on team science, the science of team science, is designed to foster understanding of the factors that interact to influence success of research teams. Cross- disciplinary teams and related research, that prioritizes the integration of concepts, theories, approaches from more than one discipline, are more likely to collaborate. Translational research …

Improving Access To Hepatitis C Treatment For Uninsured Patients In Southeast Georgia, Bonzo K. Reddick, Marianna O'Ree

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: In this brief report, we discuss enhancing access to hepatitis C treatment for uninsured patients in Southeast Georgia.

Methods: Through our screening program for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in a local safety net emergency department, the Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Initiative studied the rates of linkage to care for newly diagnosed patients with HCV and sought ways to improve linkage to care for those who did not have health insurance.

Results: Our multidisciplinary team partnered with a local federally qualified health center (FQHC) and a wholesale laboratory service to offer affordable care options, thus increasing the percent …

Maternal Mortality Among African American Women In The State Of Georgia, Causes, Policy, And Ethical Considerations, Zahra Shahin, Isabella Hardwick, Nancy Jeffery, Jalisa Jordan, William A. Mase

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background

The U.S. is currently one of thirteen countries where maternal mortality rates (MMR) is worse now than it was fifteen years ago. Reducing maternal mortality is one of the significant challenges facing the health system in the United States, especially in the State of Georgia, which has one of the highest MMR in the nation. The purpose of this review is to explore the causes, policy, and ethical contextual factors contributing to increased maternal mortality rates among African American women in the State of Georgia. Also, identifying and addressing weaknesses and gaps that exist in the healthcare system and …

Racial Segregation As A Social Determinant Of Health: Evidence From The State Of Georgia, Simon Medcalfe, Catherine P. Slade, Divesia Lee

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Despite decades of research, determining the causes of racial disparities in health remains a pernicious problem in the public health arena. Challenges include further refining definitions of health as well as expanding frameworks for social determinants of health to include relevant and related predictors. Racial segregation as a social determinant of health is understudied but of growing interest in the discourse on health disparities. This paper explores empirically the relationship between racial segregation and other predictors of social determinants of health and their collective impact on health outcomes defined in both objective and subjective terms.

Methods: Ordinary least squares …

Effects Of Centeringpregnancy On Pregnancy Outcomes And Health Disparities In Racial Groups Versus Traditional Prenatal Care, Adrianne M. Smith, Mehak Zainab, Brad Lian

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Group prenatal care has been shown to be effective in reducing health disparities in pregnancy outcomes between racial/ethnic groups. Here, we assess the effectiveness of CenteringPregnancy, a group prenatal care program offered as an alternative to traditional prenatal care.

Purpose: Our multidisciplinary team assessed the effectiveness of an innovative prenatal program intended to improve health outcomes for infants and mothers and reduce health disparities among populations.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to examine differences with respect to several pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight

Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups on pregnancy …

Examining The Effectiveness Of A Nutrition Education Intervention For Hispanic Participants, Ginnefer O. Cox, Britt Rotberg, Melanie K. Ng, Sarah T. Henes, Silvia Q. Giraudo

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: The Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) Food Talk nutrition education curriculum in the state of Georgia was specifically tailored towards Hispanic EFNEP participants in order to test the effectiveness of the intervention in the Hispanic population.

Methods: 455 Hispanic EFNEP individuals ages 18-61 in the state of Georgia participated in the data collection. Measures collected include a 24 hour diet recall, and a food behavior checklist to compare consumption and food behavior practices both before and after nutrition education intervention.

Results: Measurable objectives of the study include statistically significant (p<.001) in fruit, vegetable and milk consumption and consumption of fruits, vegetables and milk group foods closer to the recommended levels of USDA MyPlate guidelines for the nutrition education intervention group. Results also showed statistically significant (p<.0001) improvements in nutrition-related behaviors.

Conclusion: This study supports a nutrition intervention …

Serving Their Needs: A Qualitative Examination Of Nutrition Policy Implementation In The Early Care And Education Setting, Caree J. Cotwright, Jori Hall, Nicole M. Arrington, Nathalie Celestin, Hayley Sanders, Taylor Ragan, Sarah Stotz, Leann Birch

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Childhood obesity is a growing problem in the United States and results in increased risk for chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. Thirteen percent of youth in Georgia are obese. Identifying strategies to assist children in establishing healthy habits is essential to reduce the risk of childhood obesity. The Early Care and Education (ECE) setting is ideal for the implementation of obesity prevention practices. However, there are barriers present for implementing nutrition policies in this setting. This report explores the implementation of food and beverage best practices in the ECE setting and highlights barriers to and …

Redefining Our Understanding Of The Impact Of Firearm-Related Injury In The State Of Georgia: A White Paper By The Violence Prevention Task Force Of Iprce, Omar K. Danner Md, Lauren Hudak Md, Mph, Rana Bayakly Mph, Carol Koplan Md, Alexander Kelly, Sharon L. Nieb Phd, Msw, Sheryl L. Heron Md, Mph

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Abstract: Background: Firearm-related injury is a crisis that afflicts vulnerable populations of all ages, ethnicities, races and gender. The purpose of this white paper is to delineate the impact of firearm-related violence on the health and well-being of citizens and communities across Georgia based on the available literature and data. The aim of this white paper is to examine and characterize the currently available data on the impact of firearm violence and injury from a statewide perspective, principally as it relates to the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) report for Georgia.

Materials and method: We performed a literature review …

Leveraging Community Health Worker Program To Improve Healthcare Access For Sickle Cell Disease In Georgia, Jeanette H. Nu'man, Milford Greene

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

A five-year project, Access to Care was developed and implemented by the Sickle Cell Foundation of Georgia (SCFG) leveraging community resources and partnerships to increase access and improve the quality of healthcare and healthcare coordination in an adult sickle cell disease (SCD) population in underserved and rural areas of Georgia. The project is comprised of three phases: (Phase 1) the Community Health Worker Program - to improve the health outcomes of individuals living with SCD through healthcare coordination; (Phase 2) the CME-accredited Provider Training Program - to increase the knowledge of non-specialty providers in Georgia to increase provider capacity and …

Bridge Builders To Health Equity: The High School Community Health Worker Training Program, Arletha D. Williams-Livingston, Christopher E. Ervin, Gail G. Mccray

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: During the summers of 2016- 2019, Morehouse School of Medicine (MSM) with the support of community partners, developed, piloted and implemented an innovative Community Health Worker Training Program for High School students (HSCHW). Training high school community health workers can impact health and social disparities in underserved populations and demonstrates pipeline of future workers in community health and other health careers. The program has achieved promising outcomes, and access to the program model has been requested many universities and community-based organizations.

Method: The HSCHW training consists of summer classroom instruction, field instruction and monthly continuing education during the school …

Improving The Public’S Health Through Sustained, Multidisciplinary Academic And Community Partnerships: The Msm Model, Desiree A. Rivers Phd, Carla Durham Walker Ma, Ashley K. Mitchell Drph, Msph, Shirleta Lawrence, Carey Roth Bayer Edd, Med, Bsn, Rn, Cse

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: To meet the growing needs of communities with increased chronic conditions, decreased access to health services, and a changing sociocultural environment, there is a critical need for community-oriented physicians equipped with the skills to attend to the health of underserved populations. The Morehouse School of Medicine Community Health Course’s (CHC) purpose is to inculcate service-learning and public health techniques to equip community-oriented physicians with empathy and tools to effectively engage diverse communities and provide care that addresses the social determinants of health to achieve health equity. The purpose of this practice note is to discuss CHC multidisciplinary strategies used …