Public Health Commons^™

Host Country Responses To Non-Communicable Diseases Amongst Syrian Refugees: A Review, Chaza Akik, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Sandra Mesmar, Miriam Rabkin, Wafaa M. El-Sadr, Fouad M. Fouad

Faculty Publications

Background:

Since the beginning of the Syrian conflict in 2011, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey have hosted large refugee populations, with a high pre-conflict burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs).

Objectives:

We aimed to describe the ways in which these three host country health systems have provided NCD services to Syrian refugees over time, and to highlight the successes and challenges they encountered.

Methods:

We conducted a descriptive review of the academic and grey literature, published between March 2011 and March 2017, using PubMed and Google searches complemented with documents provided by relevant stakeholders.

Results:

Forty-one articles and reports met our search …

Effects Of An Academic Enrichment Program On Elementary-Aged Students' Performance, Lauren E. Nieder

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this research was to develop a greater understanding of the effectiveness of enrichment programs outside of the school setting. This study was also intended to contribute to the broader understanding of the mechanism of student school-related stress, reported by parents, as it relates to student academic performance, specifically in a population which primarily consists of students and parents who are of Asian-Indian-American descent. With rising standards and intensifying pressure on students to be academically successful, it is necessary to examine the stress students experience due to their academics, as well as its effects on their academic performance. …

2018-2019 Acip Immunization Updates: Highlights For Pharmacists, Laressa Bethishou, Luma Munjy, Jeff Goad

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"Vaccinations have significantly reduced the burden of infectious diseases, preventing almost 6 million deaths worldwide.^1,2 In the United States, vaccines have led to a decrease in incidence of vaccine-preventable illness, mortality, and disease sequelae.³ Despite the proven benefit of vaccines, misinformation and failure to vaccinate has led to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. As of December 29, 2018, 372 cases of measles (from 17 outbreaks) and 2251 cases of mumps were reported in the United States in 2018.^4,5 These outbreaks support the need for continued education of patients and active immunization by pharmacists."

The Ability Of The U.S. Military’S Wbgt-Based Flag System To Recommend Safe Heat Stress Exposures, David R. Almario

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The U.S. military currently uses a flag system based on wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and metabolic rate to recommend heat stress exposure limits. This paper addresses the ability of the flag system to recommend safe heat exposures in a non-military population.

Two progressive heat stress studies provided data on 528 observations of safe or unsafe exposures of 4 hours over a range of WBGT conditions and metabolic rates using 29 participants wearing woven cotton clothing. For the two studies, range of WBGT conditions was 25 to 42C, and the range of metabolic rates was 100 to 650 watts. These exposures …

Investigating Air Pollution And Equity Impacts Of A Proposed Transportation Improvement Program For Tampa, Talha Kemal Kocak

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Transportation infrastructure is important for human mobility and population well-being. However, it can also have detrimental impacts on health and equity, including through increased air pollution and its unequal social distribution. There is a need for better understanding of these impacts and for better approaches that improve health and equity outcomes of transportation planning programs. In this study, we are investigating the air pollution and health equity impacts of an ongoing large-scale metropolitan transportation improvement program, Tampa Bay Next (TBNext). Specific objectives are: 1) to characterize and quantify the air pollution levels and population exposures resulting from the roadway expansion …

Factors Associated With Condom Use With Non-Commercial Partners Among Sexually-Active Transgender Women In Cambodia: Findings From A National Survey Using Respondent-Driven Sampling., Siyan Yi, Amelia Plant, Sovannary Tuot, Phalkun Mun, Srean Chhim, Navy Chann, Pheak Chhoun, Carinne M. Brody

BACKGROUND: Globally, the prevalence of HIV among transgender women is much higher than that of the general adult population. This can be explained by the persistently low rate of consistent condom use among this population. This study was therefore conducted to explore factors associated with consistent condom use among sexually-active transgender women in Cambodia, specifically with their non-commercial partners.

METHODS: Data used for this study were collected as part of the National Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey 2016. Participants were recruited from the capital city of Phnom Penh and 12 other provinces with high burden of HIV using the Respondent-Driven …

Rethinking Health Services Measurement For Indigenous Populations, Angela Mashford-Pringle, Ian Ring, Fadwa Al-Yaman, John Waldon, Michelle Chino

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Indigenous people around the world experience shorter life expectancy, poorer health outcomes, and on average have less social capital, than non-Indigenous people in their respective countries. While national goals are to lower mortality and morbidity rates of Indigenous people, much evidence exists that indicates there is almost no Indigenous involvement in data collection, policy development, program implementation and development and measurement of services. A more holistic and culturally relevant framework is presented to improve services and outcomes for Indigenous populations.

Identifying Areas With Disproportionate Local Health Department Services Relative To Opioid Overdose, Hiv And Hepatitis C Diagnosis Rates: A Study Of Rural Illinois, Collen Mcluckie, Mai T. Pho, Kaitlin Ellis, Livia Navon, Kelly Walblay, Wiley D. Jenkins, Christofer Rodriguez, Marynia A. Kolak, Yen-Tyng Chen, John A. Schneider, Whitney E. Zahnd

Faculty Publications

Background: U.S. rural populations have been disproportionately affected by the syndemic of opioid-use disorder (OUD) and the associated increase in overdoses and risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. Local health departments (LHDs) can play a critical role in the response to this syndemic. We utilized two geospatial approaches to identify areas of discordance between LHD service availability and disease burden to inform service prioritization in rural settings.Methods: We surveyed rural Illinois LHDs to assess their OUD-related services, and calculated county-level opioid overdose, HIV, and hepatitis C diagnosis rates. Bivariate choropleth maps were created to …

Improving Health Data For Indigenous Populations: The International Group For Indigenous Health Measurement, Michelle Chino, Ian Ring, Lisa Jackson Pulver, John Waldon, Malcolm King

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Health disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations exist in many countries, including those with well-developed statistical systems. The need to improve the measurement and understanding of Indigenous health disparities led to the formation of the International Group for Indigenous Health Measurement (IGIHM), composed of Indigenous and non-Indigenous, government and non-government, statisticians, researchers and health professionals. Since its founding in 2005, the IGIHM has pursued activities to improve health measurement, which in turn have been used for improving the health of Indigenous populations and enhancing Indigenous health knowledge and data.

Rethinking Health Services Measurement For Indigenous Populations, Michelle Chino Dr, Angela Mashford-Pringle, Ian Ring, Fadwa Al-Yaman, John Waldon

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Indigenous people around the world experience shorter life expectancy, poorer health outcomes, and on average have less social capital, than non-Indigenous people in their respective countries. While national goals are to lower mortality and morbidity rates of Indigenous people, much evidence exists that indicates there is almost no Indigenous involvement in data collection, policy development, program implementation and development and measurement of services. A more holistic and culturally relevant framework is presented to improve services and outcomes for Indigenous populations.

Self-Collected Sampling Methods For Chlamydia And Gonorrhea Screening Among College Women: Exploring Patient-Centered Intervention Characteristics, Stacey B. Griner

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background: Young adults are disproportionately burdened by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia and gonorrhea; however, STI screening rates are low among this population. Given the barriers associated with screening, self-sampling methods used at home may be an innovative solution to improve STI screening rates.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore factors influencing chlamydia and gonorrhea screening among college women. This study had two aims: (1) assess factors associated with STI screening among college women and (2) identify informational needs and key intervention characteristics to inform the development of a patient-centered STI screening intervention.

Methods: Guided …

Improving The Quality Of Consumer Health Information On Wikipedia: Case Series., Shira Schecter Weiner, Jill S. Horbacewicz, Lane Rasberry, Yocheved Bensinger-Brody

The School of Health Sciences Publications and Research

BACKGROUND: Wikipedia is one of the most consulted health resources in the world. Since the public is using health information from Wikipedia to make health care decisions, improving the quality of that health information is in the public interest. The open editable content design of Wikipedia and quality control processes in place provide an opportunity to add high-value, evidence-based information and take an active role in improving the health care information infrastructure.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this project was to enhance Wikipedia health pages using high-quality, current research findings and track the persistence of those edits and number of page …

Factors Associated With Anemia Among Women Of The Reproductive Age Group In Thatta District: Study Protocol, Sumera Aziz Ali, Zahid Abbasi, Anam Feroz, K Michael Hambidge, Nancy F. Krebs, Jamie E. Westcott, Sarah Saleem

Community Health Sciences

Background: Maternal anemia is a leading public health issue placing pregnant women at higher risk of low birth weight, preterm birth, perinatal mortality, and neonatal mortality. Women in developing countries are at higher risk of anemia which could be either due to micronutrient deficiencies, hemoglobinopathies, infections or other socio-demographic factors. Thus, it is highly essential to explore the factors of anemia among women of the reproductive age group in order to design suitable interventions. The primary objective of this study is to assess the biological and socio-demographic factors that are associated with anemia among the women of the reproductive age …

Use Of A Behavioral Health Framework To Assess Perceptions Of Hurricane Evacuation Support Services In New Orleans, Louisiana, Aubry Kyle

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation presents research conducted during the hurricane seasons of 2017 and 2018 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The research’s purpose was to assess citizen perceptions of evacuation support services offered during mandatory evacuation events. A prospective quantitative survey and qualitative, open-ended, semi-structured interview assessed perceptions. Both research methods were designed and assessed using the constructs of the Health Belief Model, a public health model created to assess perceived barriers, benefits, risks, severity, self-efficacy, and cues to action regarding health programming. Quantitative research yielded 211 surveys, representing opinions of New Orleans residents within 1-km Euclidian distance of an evacuation pick-up marker. …

Hospital-Based Services For Opioid Use Disorder: A Study Of Supply-Side Attributes, Kelsey Caroline Priest

Dissertations and Theses

The United States (U.S.) is in the midst of an opioid overdose epidemic. In the U.S., overdose deaths related to opioid exposure are the leading cause of accidental death, yet life-saving treatments, such as methadone or buprenorphine (opioid agonist therapy [OAT]), are underused. OAT underused is due, in part, to complex regulatory and health services delivery environments. Public health officials and policymakers have focused on expanding OAT access in the community (e.g. office-based buprenorphine treatment, and opioid treatment programs); however, an often-overlooked component of the treatment pathway is the acute care delivery setting, in particular hospitals.

Opioid use disorder (OUD)-related …

Shingrix Revaccination And Vaccination In Vulnerable Populations, Laressa Bethishou, Luma Munjy, John Andraos

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

"Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, is a painful cutaneous eruption that develops following the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV), the same virus that causes chickenpox.¹ About 1 in 3 people in the United States will develop shingles, with an estimated 1 million cases occurring annually. Anyone with a history of chickenpox is at risk for shingles, but the risk increases with age and in patients who are immunocompromised.²"

Food Insecurity And Violence In A Prospective Cohort Of Women At Risk For Or Living With Hiv In The U.S., Amy A. Conroy, Mardge H. Cohen, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Alexander C. Tsai, Tracey E. Wilson, Eryka L. Wentz, Adaora A. Adimora, Daniel Merenstein, Ighovwerha Ofotokun, Lisa Metsch, Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Adebola Adedimeji, Janet M. Turan, Phyllis C. Tien, Sheri D. Weiser

Faculty Publications

Background Food insecurity and violence are two major public health issues facing U.S. women. The link between food insecurity and violence has received little attention, particularly regarding the temporal ordering of events. The present study used data from the Women’s Interagency Human Immunodeficiency Virus Study to investigate the longitudinal association of food insecurity and violence in a cohort of women at risk for or living with HIV.

Methods Study participants completed six assessments from 2013–16 on food insecurity (operationalized as marginal, low, and very low food security) and violence (sexual or physical, and psychological). We used multi-level logistic regression, controlling …

Hematological Profile And Gametocyte Carriage In Malaria Patients From Southern Pakistan, Najia Karim Ghanchi, Mohammad Hassaan Khan, Muhammad Abdullah Arain, Mustafa Bin Ali Zubairi, Ahmed Raheem Buksh, Muhammad A. Khan, Mohammad A. Beg

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background: Malarial infection is a major cause of concern, both worldwide and in Pakistan. Gametocytes are the sexual forms of the parasite that are essential for transmission. They fuse inside the mosquito to develop sporozoites. Gametocytes of the plasmodium parasites, which cause the infection, differentiate into male and female gametocytes. These gametocytes constitute the sexual stage of the malaria parasite and are essential in transmission of the disease from human to vector Anopheles. Gametocytes are affected by factors such as host immunity, drug treatment, reticulocytemia, anemia, low levels of asexual parasitemia and stress to the parasite. The aim of this …

Yielding To The Necessities Of A Great Public Industry: Denial And Concealment Of The Harmful Health Effects Of Coal Mining, Caitlyn Greene, Patrick Charles Mcginley

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

In the mid-nineteenth century, coal mined in Central Appalachia began to flow into industrial markets. Those mines and the coal they produced provided jobs, put food on family tables in coalfield households, and even provided housing for hundreds of thousands of coal miners and their families. The bounty from America’s expanding coalfields fueled the Industrial Revolution and powered the nation’s steel mills, factories,steamboats, and railroads. It powered America’s defense through two World Wars and later military conflicts. Coal-fired power plants generated more than half of the electricity used in the United States in the latter quarter of the twentieth century. …

“What I Hadn’T Realized Is How Difficult It Is, You Know?”: Examining The Protective Factors And Barriers To Breastfeeding In The Uk, Cheyenne R. Wagi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The international recommendation for breastfeeding is that a baby should be exclusively breastfed for six months. Breastfeeding should be continued for up to two years and beyond with complementary foods (WHO, 2016). The United Kingdom exhibits some of the lowest breastfeeding rates in the world (HSCIC, 2012). The percentage of mothers who breastfed in the United Kingdom falls below 34% at six months, with only 1% of mothers breastfeeding exclusively at this point (HSCIC, 2012:31). This study sought to examine the protective factors and barriers for breastfeeding in the UK. Mums (n=28), their partners (n=6), and facilitators at breastfeeding support …

A Woman With A Lung Infiltrate And Brain Abscesses: Case Discussion From The University Of Louisville Hospital, Veronica Corcino, Viswanathan Nagarajan, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Employment Opportunities And Experiences Among Recent Master’S-Level Global Health Graduates, William Cherniak, Elahe Nizami, Quentin Eichbaum, Jessica Evert, Ashti Doobay-Persaud, Sharon Rudy, Ginny Defrank, Tom Hall, Adam Hoverman

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objectives: To examine the job search, employment experiences, and job availability of recent global health-focused master’s level graduates. Methods: An online survey was conducted from October to December 2016 based out of Washington, DC. The study sample includes students graduating with master’s degrees in global health, public health with a global health concentration or global medicine from eight U.S. universities. Results: Out of 256 potential respondents, 152 (59%) completed the survey, with 102/152 (67%) employed. Of unemployed graduates, 38% were currently in another educational training program. Out of 91 employed respondents, 62 (68%) reported they had limitations or gaps in …

Vaping Is An Urgent Threat To Public Health, Elliott M. Reichardt, Julie R. Guichon

Sociology & Anthropology Faculty publications

No abstract provided.

Racial Disparities In A State Based Workers' Compensation System, Caroline Kristine Smith

Dissertations and Theses

Racial, ethnic, and linguistic minority workers suffer higher rates of work-related injuries and illnesses in the United States compared to their White counterparts. Explanations for these higher rates include potential socioeconomic causes (education, income, and wealth) and occupational segregation into more dangerous occupations. What is less studied are the post-injury sequelae for minority workers, which is their experiences in the workers' compensation system, as well as their health and return to paid employment. What is known comes primarily from qualitative literature, which includes themes of racial discrimination (from employers, health care providers, and workers' compensation employees), a lack of information …

Une Démarche Paritaire De Prévention Pour Contrer Les Effets Du Travail Émotionnellement Exigeant Dans Les Centres Jeunesse, Nathalie Jauvin, Andrew Freeman, Nancy Côté, Caroline Biron, Audrey Duchesne, Émilie Allaire

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Certains secteurs d’activité sont particulièrement touchés par des problèmes qui affectent la santé et la sécurité des travailleurs. C’est le cas, entre autres, des centres jeunesse où le travail est généralement caractérisé par une demande émotionnelle élevée, attribuable aux contacts fréquents avec des enfants et des familles en crise, et par le manque de ressources nécessaires pour gérer cette demande émotionnelle. On reconnaît d’ailleurs de plus en plus les effets attribuables au « travail émotionnellement exigeant » (TÉE), que ce soit sur le plan de la santé physique ou psychologique (stress post-traumatique, troubles musculosquelettiques, détresse psychologique, absentéisme, roulement de personnel, …

Patient Engagement And Attitudes Toward Using The Electronic Medical Record For Medical Research: The 2015 Greater Plains Collaborative Health And Medical Research Family Survey., Ann M. Davis, Lawrence P. Hanrahan, Alex F. Bokov, Sarah Schlachter, Helena H. Laroche, Lemuel Russell Waitman, Gpc Height Weight Research Team

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Electronic health records (EHRs) are ubiquitous. Yet little is known about the use of EHRs for prospective research purposes, and even less is known about patient perspectives regarding the use of their EHR for research.

OBJECTIVE: This paper reports results from the initial obesity project from the Greater Plains Collaborative that is part of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute's National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network (PCORNet). The purpose of the project was to (1) assess the ability to recruit samples of adults of child-rearing age using the EHR; (2) prospectively assess the willingness of adults of child-rearing age to participate …

A Mentor-Led Text-Messaging Intervention Increases Intake Of Fruits And Vegetables And Goal Setting For Healthier Dietary Consumption Among Rural Adolescents In Kentucky And North Carolina, 2017, Alison A. Gustafson, Stephanie B. Jilcott Pitts, Kristen Mcquerry, Oyinlola Babtunde, Janet Mullins

Dietetics and Human Nutrition Faculty Publications

Introduction—Text-messaging interventions hold promise for successful weight loss interventions. However, there is limited research on text-messaging interventions to improve dietary intake among rural adolescents, who are at greater risk for obesity and related risk factors. The goal of this study was to test an eight-week, mentor-led text-messaging intervention among 14–16-year-old rural adolescents: the “Go Big and Bring It Home” Project to improve fruit and vegetable and healthy beverage intake. Methods and Materials—Eight rural high schools in eastern Kentucky and eastern North Carolina participated (n = 4 were randomized as intervention schools and n = 4 were randomized as control …

Medicaid Work Requirements: State-Based Innovation Or Punitive Policymaking?, Diane Sherwin

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

In March 2017, officials appointed to the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services by President Donald Trump signaled to state governments their intent to support states who would choose to utilize Medicaid’s Section 1115 waiver provision to alter their state’s Medicaid program by introducing a work requirement. As of October 1, 2018, 13 states have heeded this signal and proposed a work requirement component for their Medicaid programs. The purpose of this paper is to determine if Medicaid work requirements are an innovative policy approach to improve independence among Medicaid enrollees, or if these requirements are a punitive, partisan approach …

Social Emotional Learning Through Depression Education In A High School Setting, Antonette Minniti

Theses and Dissertations

Education on depression is an important part of social emotional learning. Lacking emotion regulation skills tend to lead to larger problems, such as academic struggles, disconnect from peers, strife at home and trouble in interpersonal relationships. Research in depression education or educational programs connected to mental health literacy are minimal, especially at the high school level. The purpose of this research will focus on examining the impact of one depression education program, John Hopkins Hospital’s Adolescent Depression Awareness Program (ADAP). ADAP is a three-day program that informs students about the facts of depression, how it is treated, and what to …

Développement D’Une Antenne Microphonique Intégrant Un Système Optique Pour Identifier La Position Des Sources Sonores Les Plus Bruyantes En Milieu Industriel, Thomas Padois, Olivier Doutres, Franck Sgard, Alain Berry

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Dans un contexte industriel, le bruit émis par des machines peut nuire à la santé des travailleurs et générer des problèmes de surdité ou de pertes auditives. Pour pallier ces problèmes, des solutions acoustiques efficaces doivent être mises en place en amont. La première étape d'une étude acoustique de réduction de bruit consiste à localiser la position des sources et à hiérarchiser leurs contributions. Dans un environnement industriel, les travailleurs sont répartis autour des machines et le nombre de celles-ci peut être important. Cela rend le champ acoustique complexe à cause des multiples réflexions sur les murs et objets; il …