Public Health Commons^™

Dying Among Older Adults In Switzerland: Who Dies In Hospital, Who Dies In A Nursing Home?, Xhyljeta Luta, Radoslaw Panczak, Maud Maessen, Matthias Egger, David Goodman

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Institutional deaths (hospitals and nursing homes) are an important issue because they are often at odds with patient preference and associated with high healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to examine deaths in institutions and the role of individual, regional, and healthcare supply characteristics in explaining variation across Swiss Hospital Service Areas (HSAs).

Methods: Retrospective study of individuals ≥66 years old who died in a Swiss institution (hospital or nursing homes) in 2010. Using a two-level logistic regression analysis we examined the amount of variation across HSAs adjusting for individual, regional and healthcare supply measures. The outcome …

Effect Of A Randomised Exclusive Breastfeeding Counselling Intervention Nested Into The Minimat Prenatal Nutrition Trial In Bangladesh, Ashraful Islam Khan, Iqbal Kabir, Hanna Eneroth, Shams El Arifeen, Eva-Charlotte Ekström, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Lars Åke Persson

Faculty Publications

AIM: It is unknown whether maternal malnutrition reduces the effect of counselling on exclusive breastfeeding. This study evaluated the effect of breastfeeding counselling on the duration of exclusive breastfeeding, and whether the timing of prenatal food and different micronutrient supplements further prolonged this duration. METHODS: Pregnant women in Matlab, Bangladesh, were randomised to receive daily food supplements of 600 kcal at nine weeks of gestation or at the standard 20 weeks. They also were allocated to either 30 mg of iron and 400 μg folic acid, or the standard programme 60 mg of iron and folic acid or multiple micronutrients. …

Fto Genotype And Weight Loss: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of 9563 Individual Participant Data From Eight Randomised Controlled Trials., Katherine M Livingstone, Carlos Celis-Morales, George D Papandonatos, Bahar Erar, Jose C Florez, Kathleen A Jablonski, Cristina Razquin, Amelia Marti, Yoriko Heianza, Tao Huang, Frank M Sacks, Mathilde Svendstrup, Xuemei Sui, Timothy S Church, Tiina Jääskeläinen, Jaana Lindström, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Matti Uusitupa, Tuomo Rankinen, Wim H M Saris, Torben Hansen, Oluf Pedersen, Arne Astrup, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Lu Qi, George A Bray, Miguel A Martinez-Gonzalez, J Alfredo Martinez, Paul W Franks, Jeanne M Mccaffery, Jose Lara, John C Mathers

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of the FTO genotype on weight loss after dietary, physical activity, or drug based interventions in randomised controlled trials.

DESIGN: Systematic review and random effects meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised controlled trials.

DATA SOURCES: Ovid Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane from inception to November 2015.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR STUDY SELECTION: Randomised controlled trials in overweight or obese adults reporting reduction in body mass index, body weight, or waist circumference by FTO genotype (rs9939609 or a proxy) after dietary, physical activity, or drug based interventions. Gene by treatment interaction models were fitted to individual …

Test Site Predicts Hiv Care Linkage And Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: A Prospective 3.5 Year Cohort Study Of Hivpositive Testers In Northern Tanzania, Elizabeth A. Reddy, Chris Bernard Agala, Venance P. Maro, Jan Ostermann, Brian W. Pence, Dafrosa K. Itemba, Donna Safley, Jia Yao, Nathan M. Thielman, Kathryn Whetten

Faculty Publications

Background: Linkage to HIV care is crucial to the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs worldwide, loss to follow up at all stages of the care continuum is frequent, and long-term prospective studies of care linkage are currently lacking.

Methods: Consecutive clients who tested HIV-positive were enrolled from four HIV testing centers (1 health facility and 3 community-based centers) in the Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania as part of the larger Coping with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania (CHAT) prospective observational study. Biannual interviews were conducted over 3.5 years, assessing care linkage, retention, and mental health. Bivariable and multivariate logistic regression analyses were …

Decreasing Patient Cost And Travel Time Through Pediatric Rheumatology Telemedicine Visits., Elizabeth A. Kessler, Ashley K. Sherman, Mara L. Becker

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: There is a critical shortage of pediatric rheumatologists in the US. Substantial travel to clinics can impose time and monetary burdens on families. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost of in-person pediatric rheumatology visits for families and determine if telemedicine clinics resulted in time and cost savings. Factors associated with interest in telemedicine were also explored.

METHODS: Surveys were offered to parents and guardians of patients in Pediatric Rheumatology follow-up clinics in Kansas City, Missouri, the primary site of in-person care, and at a telemedicine outreach site 160 miles away, in Joplin, Missouri. Survey questions …

An Accredited Local Health Department’S Use Of The Qi Roadmap To Build A Culture Of Quality, Whitney Webber, Vanessa Au, Aimee Reedy, Rocio Luna, Erica Mireles, Teddy Daligga, Laura Brunetto

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

Studies that exist on quality improvement efforts within local health departments indicate that there needs to be clearer approaches for achieving a culture of quality. This study describes how a local health department used the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO’s) Roadmap to an Organizational Culture of Quality Improvement (QI Roadmap) to successfully build a quality culture on its journey to becoming accredited, as reflected in results from a February 2016 survey. Local health departments who invest in and promote QI efforts that are aligned with strategic priorities; establish the necessary infrastructure to regularly track and report …

Chores At Times Of Fatal Or Serious Injuries Associated With Tractor Overturns With And Without Rollover Protection, Henry P. Cole, Melvin L. Myers, Susan C. Westneat

Southeast Center for Agricultural Health and Injury Prevention Faculty Publications

This study describes chores when farmers were either fatally or seriously injured and required emergency medical treatment as a result of overturns of tractors with or without rollover protective structures (ROPS). Data from the 2002 Kentucky Farm Tractor Overturn Survey were used for this study. The data were collected by a telephone survey of a population-based random sample of 6063 (7.98%) of Kentucky’s 76,017 farm operators as listed in the Kentucky Agricultural Statistics Service database. Of farm operators interviewed, 551 (9.1%) reported 603 overturns and 5512 (90.9%) reported no overturns in the history of their farm, covering a period from …

Ua12/2/1 Healthy Living Guide, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

Special magazine published by the College Heights Herald.

• Collins, Emma. Six Ways to Learn Healthy Eating in Your Dorm
• Austin, Emma. Preston Health & Activities Center Accommodates Users of Varied Abilities
• Henderson, Andrew. If Five Campus Restaurants Had Personality Types
• Burgess, Kelly. How to Make a Light & Fresh Quinoa Fruit Salad
• Carlson, Kylie. New Boxing Gym Swings into Bowling Green – BGKY Boxing
• Adams, Julia. Students Open Discussion on Mental Health
• Healthier Eating with a Meal Plan
• Kast, Monica. Gluten & Allergy Free Station to Open in Fresh – Dining Services
• Sims, Adam. Students Develop Personal Workout Routines
• Cole, …

Cross-Sectional Survey Of Perceived Barriers Among Community Pharmacists Who Do Not Immunize, In Wayne County, Michigan, Sarah E. Kelling, Anthony Pattin, Abdulbaset Salim, Paul Kilgore, Steven R. Erickson

Department of Pharmacy Practice

Introduction: The goal of the study was to identify perceived barriers to implementation of vaccination services encountered by independent and small-chain community pharmacies in an urban setting.

Methods: Pharmacists in independent and small-chain pharmacies located in 29 Michigan ZIP codes were visited and asked to complete a 5- to 10-min semi-structured interview.

Results: A total of 93 independent and 12 small-chain pharmacies participated (n = 105; 61%). The pharmacies filled an average of 700 prescriptions each week with 1.1 pharmacist full-time equivalents and 57 h of technician time. The most common services that participating pharmacies provided were dispensing outpatient …

Local Health Departments’ Involvement In Hospitals’ Implementation Plans, Simone Singh, Erik Carlton

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

Background: More than half of all local health departments (LHDs) in the U.S. are involved in collaborations with nonprofit hospitals on a community health needs assessment (CHNA), yet little is known about the role that LHDs play in hospitals’ implementation plans.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the current state of hospital–LHD collaborations around the implementation plan using data from a survey of LHDs across the country.

Methods: The study sample included 457 LHDs that completed both the 2015 Forces of Change survey and the 2013 Profile survey conducted by the National Association of County and City Health Officials. Univariate …

Multi-Sectoral Partnerships And Patient-Engagement Strategies In Accountable Care Organizations, Margae Knox, Hector P. Rodriguez, Stephen M. Shortell

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

Background: Patient-engagement strategies are increasingly recognized for enriching traditional medical care and improving population health. Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) may be well positioned to leverage multi-sector organizational partnerships to improve the reach of their patient-engagement strategies, particularly given incentives to meet cost, quality and population health goals. Little is currently known about the relation of multi-sector partnerships and patient engagement in ACOs.

Purpose: To examine the relation of patient-engagement strategies and breadth of multi-sectoral organizational partnerships in 71 primary care practices affiliated with one of two ACOs.

Methods: Clinical and administrative leaders from each practice were surveyed. Questions assessed practice …

Enhancing Sexually Transmitted Infection Notification: A Quality Improvement Collaborative Case Report, William C. Livingood, Lori Bilello, Katryne Lukens-Bull, Ulyee Choe

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

This case study illustrates how a quality improvement (QI) Collaborative supports an implementation study of using mobile phone texting technology for notification of sexually transmitted infections (STI) test results. The County Health Departments making up the QI Collaborative meet monthly to discuss their progress in using QI to advance the use of texting for STI test results. The main purpose of QI Collaboratives is to maximize implementation outcomes through sharing of successes and challenges. The case study report describes how implementation research can adapt to the context of each unique CHD and the users of new knowledge rather than emphasizing …

Systematic Identification Of Coordination Gaps In Pediatric Care, Diana M. Prieto, Anil Kumar, Catherine L. Kothari, Cheryl Dickson

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

In the United States, the status of coordination among pediatric care services is not well understood. Through the use of quality improvement (QI) techniques, coordination gaps were systematically identified in the interagency network of pediatric services in Kalamazoo MI. Gaps were found in transportation resources, follow-up procedures, awareness of services, interagency communication, insurance limitations, population behaviors, and resource utilization. This preliminary study reveals the need for (1) protocols for intra- and inter-agency communication, (2) mechanisms for easy and fast retrieval of pediatric resources, and (3) health information exchange.

Using Process Mining To Assess The Fidelity Of A Home Visiting Program, Riyad Haq, Sofia Campos Vidal Pires, Julie M. Kapp, Sara Schlemper, Eduardo J. Simoes

Frontiers in Public Health Services and Systems Research

Background: The Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) program is a federal public health initiative which supports at-risk families through evidence-based programs and promising approaches for pregnant women, and childhood development for children aged 0 to 5. These public health program funding mechanisms commonly include process evaluation mandates.

Purpose: The use of process mining was explored as a methodology to assess the fidelity of the MIECHV programs’ actual workflow to that of their intended models.

Methods: Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) data files that were populated with program process data elements from the local implementing agencies were …

Environmental Health News, Georgia Southern University

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern examines impact of new water quality criteria on beach advisories in coastal Georgia
• Georgia Southern Protects Swimmer Health in Coastal Georgia

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Georgia Southern Examines the Impact of State HAI reporting Laws
• Georgia Southern Protects Swimmer Health in Coastal Georgia
• Georgia Southern Examines the effectiveness of a physical Activity Educational Campaign
• Georgia Southern Examines impact of new water quality criteria on beach advisories in coastal Georgia
• Georgia Southern Develops and conducts psychometric testing of a childhood obesity perception survey.

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines the Impact of State HAI Reporting Laws

Community Health News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines the Effectiveness of a Physical Activity Educational Campaign
• Georgia Southern develops and conducts psychometric testing of a childhood obesity perception survey

Temporal And Spatial Distribution Of Enterobius Vermicularis (Nematoda: Oxyuridae) In The Prehistoric Americas, Karl J. Reinhard, Adauto Araújo, Johnica J. Morrow

Karl Reinhard Publications

Investigations of Enterobius sp. infection in prehistory have produced a body of data that can be used to evaluate the geographic distribution of infection through time in the Americas. Regional variations in prevalence are evident. In North America, 119 pinworm positive samples were found in 1,112 samples from 28 sites with a prevalence of 10.7%. Almost all of the positive samples came from agricultural sites. From Brazil, 0 pinworm positive samples were found in 325 samples from 7 sites. For the Andes region, 22 pinworm positive samples were found in 411 samples from 26 sites for a prevalence of 5.3%. …

Practicing Health Literate Communication To Engage Black Msm In Care, Rene Esler

9th Annual Rural HIV Research & Training Conference (2014-2019) (Archived)

In It Together: National Health Literacy Project for Black MSM is designed to improve the capacity of health departments and community-based organizations to deliver health literate HIV services, with a particular focus on health services provided to Black/African American MSM. This workshop will provide a short training designed to promote health literacy as a component of culturally appropriate service delivery.

Getting Ready For Open Enrollment: Supporting Clients Living With Hiv, Juli Powers, Mira Levinson, Naima Cozier

9th Annual Rural HIV Research & Training Conference (2014-2019) (Archived)

Open Enrollment for 2017 Marketplace plans begins on November 1, 2016. Programs should prepare now to engage unenrolled and newly-eligible clients, and support clients who enrolled in previous years to compare options and find affordable, quality plans for 2017 that meet their needs. This interactive session will include strategies to engage and enroll people living with HIV in health coverage.

Sustainable Global Medical Mission Work: The Csb/Sju Global Medical Brigade, Tyler J. Bruinsma

Forum Lectures

International medical mission work, especially programs that include undergraduate students are under increasing fire as an unsustainable method for providing care to marginalized populations in developing countries. Medical mission work is often short-sighted and neglects to address the underlying causes of diseases. Annually, the CSB/SJU Global Health Affairs Club plans and executes a "Global Medical Brigade" to Honduras in conjunction with Global Brigades, a 501(c)3 non-profit organization. Global Brigades is different than most medical mission organizations in that it follows a holistic model to address health concerns. Through seven separate "brigades," Global Brigades addresses both immediate health concerns and their …

Schools Of Public Health In Low And Middle-Income Countries: An Imperative Investment For Improving The Health Of Populations?, Fauziah Rabbani, Leah Shipton, Franklin White, Iman Nuwayhid, Leslie London, Abdul Ghaffar, Bui Thi Thu Ha, Göran Tomson, Rajiv Rimal, Anwar Islam, Amirhossein Takian, Samuel Wong, Shehla Zaidi, Kausar Khan, Rozina Karmaliani, Imran Naeem Abbasi, Farhat Abbas

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Public health has multicultural origins. By the close of the nineteenth century, Schools of Public Health (SPHs) began to emerge in western countries in response to major contemporary public health challenges. The Flexner Report (1910) emphasized the centrality of preventive medicine, sanitation, and public health measures in health professional education. The Alma Ata Declaration on Primary Health Care (PHC) in 1978 was a critical milestone, especially for low and middle-income countries (LMICs), conceptualizing a close working relationship between PHC and public health measures. The Commission on Social Determinants of Health (2005-2008) strengthened the case for SPHs in LMICs as …

A Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Video-Conferencing Smoking Cessation Intervention For Korean American Women: Preliminary Findings, Sun S. Kim, Somporn Sitthisongkram, Kunsook Bernstein, Hua Fang, Won S. Choi, Douglas Ziedonis

Publications and Research

Introduction: Korean women are reluctant to pursue in-person smoking cessation treatment due to stigma attached to women smokers and prefer treatment such as telephone and online smoking cessation programs that they can access secretively at home. However, there is some evidence that face-to-face interaction is the most helpful intervention component for them to quit smoking.

Methods: This study is a pilot clinical trial that examined the acceptability and feasibility of a videoconferencing smoking cessation intervention for Korean American women and compared its preliminary efficacy with a telephone-based intervention. Women of Korean ethnicity were recruited nationwide in the United States and …

An Analysis Of Electronic Cigarette And Cigarette Advertising In Us Women’S Magazines, Corey Hannah Basch, Jennifer Mongiovi, Grace Clarke Hillyer, Danna Ethan, Rodney Hammond

Publications and Research

Background: Traditional cigarette advertising has existed in the US for over 200 years. Studies suggest that advertising has an impact on the initiation and maintenance of smoking behaviors. In recent years, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) emerged on the market as an alternative to the traditional tobacco cigarette. The purpose of this study was to describe advertisements in popular US magazines marketed to women for cigarettes and e-cigarettes.

Methods: This study involved analyzing 99 issues of 14 popular US magazines marketed to women.

Results: Compared to advertisements for traditional cigarettes, advertisements for e-cigarettes were more often found in magazines geared toward the …

Race Inclusion Diversity & Equity: The Ride Report, Renaisa S. Anthony, Todd A. Wyatt, Chad Abresch, Maria Teel, Kandy Do, Olubadero Yerokun-Houessou, Talia Mcgill, Angela Benton

Reports: Center for Reducing Health Disparities

The Race, Inclusion, Diversity & Equity (RIDE) Report is presented as a resource to augment, strengthen and support existing and future diversity, inclusion & equity efforts at the University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC). It is organized into 7 sections and highlights the voices, perspectives and ideas of over 150 UNMC administrators, students, faculty, staff and community partners (key stakeholders).

Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing Among United States Nurse Practitioners And Physician Assistants., Guillermo V Sanchez, Adam L Hersh, Daniel J Shapiro, James F. Cawley, Lauri A Hicks

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

We examined US nurse practitioner (NP) and physician assistant (PA) outpatient antibiotic prescribing. Antibiotics were more frequently prescribed during visits involving NP/PA visits compared with physician-only visits, including overall visits (17% vs 12%, P < .0001) and acute respiratory infection visits (61% vs 54%, P < .001). Antibiotic stewardship interventions should target NPs and PAs.

Farm Animal Welfare And Human Health, Alan M. Goldberg

Agribusiness Collection

The paper examines the relationship between farm animal welfare, industrial farm animal production, and human health consequences. The data suggest that when the animal welfare of land-based farm animals is compromised, there are resulting significant negative human health consequences due to environmental degradation, the use of non-therapeutic levels of antibiotics for growth promotion, and the consequences of intensification. This paper accepts that even if meat and fish consumption is reduced, meat and fish will be part of the diet of the future. Industrial production modified from the current intensified systems will still be required to feed the world in 2050 …

Implementation Of Survivorship Care Plans At Three Health System-Based Cancer Centers In A Rural State, Mary Isaacson, Polly Hulme, Jenna Cowan, Jennifer Kerkvliet, Mary Minton

College of Nursing Faculty Publications

The purpose of this project is to describe the development and implementation of cancer SCPs at three health systems’ cancer centers in a rural state. Collectively, these centers serve most cancer patients residing in SD, making the partnership across the cancer centers innovative. Each of the three health systems and their affiliated cancer centers is unique in its history, culture, and infrastructure. In addition, each cancer center was at a different point in the development and implementation of SCPs at the time of this project. Therefore, a description of the processes, successes, and challenges involved in the development and implementation …

Changing Diagnostic Methods And Increased Detection Of Verotoxigenic Escherichia Coli, Ireland, Thomas Rice, Noreen Quinn, Roy D. Sleator, Brigid Lucey

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

The recent paradigm shift in infectious disease diagnosis from culture-based to molecular-based approaches is exemplified in the findings of a national study assessing the detection of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli infections in Ireland. The methodologic changes have been accompanied by a dramatic increase in detections of non-O157 verotoxigenic E. coli serotypes.