Public Health Commons^™

Understanding Factors Determining Early Termination From A Government Assistance Program For Maternal And Child Health: The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program For Women, Infants And Children (Wic), Anthony Dominic Panzera

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation is to understand why individuals enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) fail to retrieve food vouchers, miss WIC appointments, and become inactive in program components. In Kentucky, mothers who fail to pick up food instruments for 60 days are automatically terminated from the program. The specific research questions that guided this study are: (1) Which segments of enrollees are at greatest and least risks of nonparticipation in the WIC program? (2) How do predisposing, enabling and need characteristics impact WIC nonparticipation among eligible mothers? (3) How do WIC …

Photos That Changed The World: Ted Talk Annotated Resource List, Chris Riehl

Undergraduate Research Award

No abstract provided.

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• State-Mandated Reporting

Lung Flute Improves Symptoms And Health Status In Copd With Chronic Bronchitis: A 26 Week Randomized Controlled Trial, Sanjay Sethi, Jingjing Yin, Pamela K. Anderson

Biostatistics: Faculty Publications

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by mucus hypersecretion that contributes to disease related morbidity and is associated with increased mortality. The Lung Flute® is a new respiratory device that produces a low frequency acoustic wave with moderately vigorous exhalation to increase mucus clearance. We hypothesized that the Lung Flute, used on a twice daily basis will provide clinical benefit to patients with COPD with chronic bronchitis.

Methods: We performed a 26 week randomized, non-intervention controlled, single center, open label trial in 69 patients with COPD and Chronic Bronchitis. The primary endpoint was change in respiratory symptoms measured …

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• State-Mandated Reporting

Toxicity Of Engineered Nanomaterials And Their Transformation Products Following Wastewater Treatment On A549 Human Lung Epithelial Cells, Yanjun Ma, Subbiah Elankumaran, Linsey C. Marr, Eric P. Vejerano, Amy Pruden

Faculty Publications

Here we characterize the toxicity of environmentally-relevant forms of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), which can transform during wastewater treatment and persist in aqueous effluents and biosolids. In an aerosol exposure scenario, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of effluents and biosolids from lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) to A549 human lung epithelial cells were examined. The SBRs were dosed with nanoAg, nano zero-valent iron (NZVI), nanoTiO2 and nanoCeO2 at sequentially increasing concentrations from 0.1 to 20 mg/L. Toxicities were compared to outputs from SBRs dosed with ionic/bulk analogs, undosed SBRs, and pristine ENMs. Pristine nanoAg and NZVI showed significant cytotoxicity to A549 cells in …

Grant Application: Immigrant And Refugee Family Wellness Engagement Through Yoga And Zumba, Elizabeth Crawford, Faith Swenson, Angela Serrani, Kathleen Cassidy, Brittany Roy, Trixie Porter

Immigrant and Refugee Family Wellness Engagement Through Yoga and Zumba

IPEC Mini-grant application for funding of UNE student project Immigrant And Refugee Family Wellness Engagement Through Yoga And Zumba. Students from multiple health professions collaborated to provide Yoga and Zumba classes at the Riverton Community Center. The project aimed to increase the participants’ ability to utilize stress reducing activities through a blend of student created heath education materials and yoga and zumba classes for refugee women and children.

Information Session: Aamc’S Teaching For Quality (Te4q) At Jefferson, David B. Nash, Md, Mba, Alexis Skoufalos, Edd

College of Population Health Lectures, Presentations, Workshops

This information session facilitated by David Nash, MD, MBA, and Alexis Skoufalos, EdD, introduces participants and viewers to the AAMC’s “Teaching for Quality (Te4Q)” program, hosted by Jefferson’s Patient Safety Leadership Institute. Te4Q is a faculty development program designed to help clinical faculty effectively teach and implement quality improvement and patient safety education initiatives. This session provides an overview of the program including the initial 1 ½ day workshop, which will be held on the Jefferson campus on Thursday and Friday, November 20 and 21, 2014. This enterprise-wide endeavor is being jointly sponsored by TJU/TJUH, thanks to …

The Ebola Epidemic: A Public Health Emergency Of International Concern, Lawrence O. Gostin, Daniel Lucey, Alexandra Phelan

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

On August 8, 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General Margaret Chan declared the West Africa Ebola crises a “public health emergency of international concern,” triggering powers under the 2005 International Health Regulations (IHR).

The most affected West African states have attempted classic public health measures with varied success, including quarantine and isolation, social distancing, risk communication, and travel restrictions. These have involved a trade off between population health and human rights; sometimes to the disadvantage of both. At the same time, the countries’ health systems and human resources are fragile, impeding an effective response.

Beyond the public health and …

Expositions Professionnelles À Des Contaminants Chimiques Et Physiques : Analyse Différenciée Selon Le Sexe, France Labrèche, Aude Lacourt, Jérôme Lavoué

Rapports de recherche scientifique

La survenue des lésions professionnelles varie selon le sexe. Une des principales explications évoquées est l’existence de nettes différences d’exposition en milieu de travail, découlant notamment des professions occupées par les hommes et par les femmes et de la nature des tâches effectuées. Cependant, il n’existe pas de données solides pour appuyer cette assertion et les analyses traditionnelles en milieu de travail se sont le plus souvent limitées à rapporter le risque en fonction du sexe, sans identifier les raisons pouvant expliquer les différences de risque observées.

Tant le gouvernement du Québec que l’Organisation mondiale de la santé ou les …

The Historic Role Of Boards Of Health In Local Innovation: New York City’S Soda Portion Case, Lawrence O. Gostin, Belinda H. Reeve, Marice Ashe

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Childhood and adult obesity pose major risks for cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, with the poor and racial minorities suffering from disproportionately high burdens of obesity and chronic disease. With current policies failing, cities and states have moved forward with creative prevention measures–-with boards of health driving policy innovation in many local jurisdictions. The New York City Board of Board of Health’s (NYCBH) soda portion limit pushed the boundaries of innovation, but was struck down on June 26, 2014 by New York State’s highest court, which held that the Board trespassed on the City Council’s authority.

The Court’s decision ignored …

Safe Methods For Storage And Disposal Of Medicines, Timothy Cheum, Kejal Patel, Rodney Richmond

Faculty Research ​and Publications

No abstract provided.

Lack Of Awareness Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Infection: Problems And Solutions With Self-Reported Hiv Serostatus Of Men Who Have Sex With Men, Travis H. Sanchez, Colleen F. Kelley, Eli Rosenberg, Nicole Luisi, Brandon O'Hara, Rodriques Lambert, Raphael Coleman, Paula M. Frew, Laura F. Salazar, Sijia Tao, William Clarke, Carlos Del Rio, Patrick S. Sullivan

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

Background. Lack of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection awareness may be a driver of racial disparities in HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). Lack of awareness is typically measured by comparing HIV test result to self-reported HIV status. This measure may be subject to reporting bias and alternatives are needed.Methods. The InvolveMENt study examined HIV disparities between black and white MSM from Atlanta. Among HIV-positive participants who did not report knowing they were positive, we examined other measures of awareness: … See full text for complete abstract.

Virus Sharing, Genetic Sequencing, And Global Health Security, Lawrence O. Gostin, Alexandra Phelan, Michael A. Stoto, John D. Kraemer, K. Srinath Reddy

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The WHO’s Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework was a milestone global agreement designed to promote the international sharing of biological samples to develop vaccines, while that ensuring poorer countries would have access to those vaccines. Since the PIP Framework was negotiated, scientists have developed the capacity to use genetic sequencing data (GSD) to develop synthetic viruses rapidly for product development of life-saving technologies in a time-sensitive global emergency—threatening to unravel the Framework. Access to GSD may also have major implications for biosecurity, biosafety, and intellectual property (IP).

By rendering the physical transfer of viruses antiquated, GSD may also undermine the …

Doctors’ Perspectives Of Informed Consent For Non‐Emergency Surgical Procedures: A Qualitative Interview Study, Fiona Wood, Sean Michael Martin, Andrew Carson-Stevens, Glyn Elwyn, Elizabeth Precious, Paul Kinnersley

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: The need to involve patients more in decisions about their care, the ethical imperative and concerns about ligation and complaints has highlighted the issue of informed consent and how it is obtained. In order for a patient to make an informed decision about their treatment, they need appropriate discussion of the risks and benefits of the treatment.

Objectives: To explore doctors' perspectives of gaining informed consent for routine surgical procedures.

Design: Qualitative study using semi-structured interviews selected by purposive sampling. Data were analysed thematically.

Integrating Stages Of Change Models To Cast New Vision On Interventions To Improve Global Retinoblastoma And Childhood Cancer Outcomes, Meaghann S. Weaver, Christina L. Heminger, Catherine G. Lam

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

Background: Retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular tumor globally, represents a curable cancer when diagnosed early and treated promptly. Delay to diagnosis, lag time prior to treatment initiation, and abandonment of treatment including upfront treatment refusal, represent stark causes of high retinoblastoma mortality rates in low- and middle- income settings, particularly regions in Africa. While a health delivery-based approach has been a historic focus of retinoblastoma treatments globally and is essential to quality care, this is necessary but not adequate. Retinoblastoma is a compelling disease model to illustrate the potential insights afforded in theory-informed approaches to improve outcomes that integrate public …

A Dietary-Wide Association Study (Dwas) Of Environmental Metal Exposure In Us Children And Adults, Matthew A. Davis, Diane Gilbert-Diamond, Margaret R. Karagas, Zhigang Li, Jason H. Moore, Scott M. Williams, H. Robert Frost

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that exposure to toxic metals occurs through diet but few studies have comprehensively examined dietary sources of exposure in US populations.

Purpose: Our goal was to perform a novel dietary-wide association study (DWAS) to identify specific dietary sources of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic exposure in US children and adults.

Methods: We combined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey with data from the US Department of Agriculture’s Food Intakes Converted to Retail Commodities Database to examine associations between 49 different foods and environmental metal exposure. Using blood and urinary biomarkers …

Your Life With Type Ii Diabetes: The Relationship Between Overall Health With And Without Diabetes, Cory Brandt, Jessika Jackson, Helen W. Bland

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

The purpose of this study is to assess the behavior of patients with Type 2 Diabetes and their ability to maintain a healthy and unassisted lifestyle. Research has shown showed that adults, especially older adults, with T2D will live a less healthy and more assisted lifestyle. In the United States it’s estimated that 25.6 million adults have T2D and another 79 million are at beginning stages of T2D (Kanaya, Gregorich, & Grossman, 2012). There are numerous health behaviors that can affect the risk of having T2D (Basha & Sunnarao, 2012). The instrument used in this study was a 17-question behavioral …

Parental Feeding Behavior: Influences On Elementary Children's Health, Cydni Martin, Jennifer Paquin, Helen W. Bland

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrition and physical activity of children. The hypothesis was that parental feeding styles will influence the healthy eating habits and physical activity among children. Childhood obesity has been called one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century (World Health Organization, n.d). In the past 30 years, childhood obesity has more than doubled in children and tripled in adolescents (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). The research design used was a quantitative, descriptive, non-experimental, self-reported study in which a 27-question survey measured the parents’ child feeding behavior …

Seasonality Of Birth Outcomes In Rural Sarlahi District, Nepal: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort, Michelle M. Hughes, Joanne Katz, Luke C. Mullany, Subarna K. Khatry, Steven C. Leclerq, Gary L. Darmstadt, James M. Tielsch

Global Health Faculty Publications

Background

While seasonality of birth outcomes has been documented in a variety of settings, data from rural South Asia are lacking. We report a descriptive study of the seasonality of prematurity, low birth weight, small for gestational age, neonatal deaths, and stillbirths in the plains of Nepal.

Methods

Using data collected prospectively during a randomized controlled trial of neonatal skin and umbilical cord cleansing with chlorhexidine, we analyzed a cohort of 23,662 babies born between September 2002 and January 2006. Project workers collected data on birth outcomes at the infant’s household. Supplemental data from other studies conducted at the same …

Epidemiology News, Georgia Southern University

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Dr. Tarasenko named Exceptional Reviewer
• Parental Perceptions

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Temporal Trends in Preparedness Capacity
• Dr.Tarasenko named Exceptional Reviewer
• Parental Perceptions

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Dr. Tarasenko named Exceptional Reviewer
• Temporal Trends in Preparedness Capacity
• Parental Perceptions

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Time To Cure Of Incontinence Present At Nursing Home Admission, Donna Z. Bliss, Olga Gurvich, Kay Savik, Lynn Eberly, Susan Harms, Jean F. Wyman

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Abstract

As many as half of older people that are admitted to nursing homes (NHs) are incontinent of urine and/or feces. Not much is known about the rate of cure of incontinence present at NH admission, but available reports suggest the rate is low. There have been racial and ethnic disparities in incontinence treatment, but the role of disparities in the cure of incontinence is understudied. Using the Peters-Belson method and multilevel predictors, our findings showed that there were disparities in the time to cure of incontinence for Hispanic NH admissions. A significantly smaller proportion of older Hispanic admissions were …

Disparities In Access To Health Insurance And Workers’ Compensation Benefit Between Non-Contingent And Contingent Farm Workers In U.S. Agriculture, Abay Asfaw

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

The share of contingent employment has increased significantly in the last two decades. Not much is known about the impact of this shift on disparities in access to health insurance and other benefits. I examined disparities in access to any type of health insurance, employer-sponsored health insurance and workers’ compensation (WC) benefits between contingent and non-contingent workers in U.S. agriculture. I used the National Agricultural Workers Survey and the extended Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition technique to estimate disparities. Contingent employment could be a barrier to access of health insurance and WC benefit, which in turn could contribute to health inequalities in the …

Physicians' Attitudes About Recommending Surgery For Early Stage Lung Cancer And Possible Reasons For Racial Disparities, Franklin R. Mcguire

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

PHYSICIANS’ ATTITUDES ABOUT RECOMMENDING SURGERY FOR EARLY STAGE LUNG CANCER AND POSSIBLE REASONS FOR RACIAL DISPARITIES

ABSTRACT

Purpose: Patient refusal for lung cancer surgery is significant, but other factors, such as negative framing of the treatment discussion, may be involved. Physician attitudes could influence the nuances of and therefore the conclusions of these discussions. We determined physicians’ attitudes and the influence it has on possible decisions against lung cancer surgery, particularly surgical rates for blacks, using a companion survey.

Methods: The study is a prospective, multicenter observational trial conducted at five sites in North and South Carolina from December …

Internet Use For Health Information Among American Indians: Facilitators And Inhibitors, Melissa K. Filippi, Christina M. Pacheco, Charlotte Mccloskey, Rebecca Jeanne Crosthwait, Justin Begaye, Jb Kinlacheeny, Won S. Choi, K Allen Greiner, Christine M. Daley

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Our research team explored Internet use among a heterogeneous American Indian (AI) population to determine Internet use in relation to health information seeking behaviors. Participants examined an AI culturally-tailored tobacco website as an example to explain what they wanted in an AI Internet health site. Using community-based participatory research, we conducted 10 focus groups with non-college AI men and women (N=96), stratified by age (18-29, 30-49, and 50 and over) to better understand their perceptions of Internet use and health information needs. We found that Internet use varied greatly among all strata. Participants referenced WebMD^© more than any other …

American Indian Men's Perceptions Of Breast Cancer Screening For American Indian Women, Melissa K. Filippi, Joseph Pacheco, Aimee S. James, Travis Brown, Florence Ndikum-Moffor, Won S. Choi, K Allen Greiner, Christine M. Daley

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Screening, especially screening mammography, is vital for decreasing breast cancer incidence and mortality. Screening rates in American Indian women are low compared to other racial/ethnic groups. In addition, American Indian women are diagnosed at more advanced stages and have lower 5-year survival rate than others. To better address the screening rates of American Indian women, focus groups (N=8) were conducted with American Indian men (N=42) to explore their perceptions of breast cancer screening for American Indian women. Our intent was to understand men’s support level toward screening. Using a community-based participatory approach, focus groups were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed …

Association Analysis Of Reported Attitudes And Culturally Competent Behavior Engagement Among Public Health Department Employees, Marla B. Hall Phd, Jeffrey J. Guidry Phd, E. Lisako Mckyer Phd, Corliss Outley Phd, Danny Ballard Phd

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Objective: The purpose of this research is to analyze the association of attitudes and beliefs on engaging in culturally competent behavior.

Design: Explorational case study of individuals employed within an urban public health department.

Participants: Employees (n=90) from four metropolitan clinical sites of an urban public health department located in the southwest region of the United States were solicited and recruited during a monthly staff meeting. This sample is representative of 84% of the total employees which is comprised of 107 individuals.

Main Outcome Measures: The Cultural Competence Assessment is designed to explore individual knowledge, feelings …

Trauma Patient Satisfaction Survey Opens Discussion About Bias In Health Care, Marie Crandall

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background

Patient satisfaction is an important part of quality care, and patient backgrounds can influence satisfaction with care. Since trauma disproportionately affects the underserved, this study aimed to determine the effects of race and insurance status on trauma patient satisfaction.

Methods

The validated Trauma Patient Satisfaction Survey (TPSS) was administered to 143 hospitalized trauma patients. ANOVA and Chi2 statistics were used to compare demographics with patient satisfaction. Qualitative data were analyzed with EZ-Text.

Results

Of the 143 patients surveyed, 95 (66%) were African American, 33 (23%) were Caucasian, and 15 (10%) were Latino. Sixty-one patients (43%) were uninsured. No statistically …