Public Health Commons^™

The Development And Evaluation Of A Safety Skill Intervention For Child Victims Of Neglect, Heather H. Hill

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Child neglect is the least studied, yet most frequently indicated, type of child maltreatment. Still, there are few assessment and treatment methods specifically designed for victims of child neglect. Unintentional injuries have long remained the leading cause of death for children in the United States after the first year of life, and research suggests the majority of these child fatalities are actually the result of child neglect. Homes of neglectful families are often inundated with safety hazards but child-focused home safety skill interventions have yet to be developed. Thus, the present study focused on the development and initial evaluation of …

To Consult Or Not To Consult? Investigating Barriers To Dysparenia Treatment-Seeking In Young Women, Robyn L. Donaldson

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Little is known about mediators of treatment-seeking in dyspareunia. The general health belief literature as well as some existing qualitative data specific to dyspareunia, however, suggests a number of potentially significant barriers that may delay or prevent women from enlisting the aid of health care professionals. The aim of this study was to investigate influences on dyspareunia treatment-seeking behavior in young women, for whom the consequences of treatment avoidance are hypothesized to be the greatest. Given the lack of standardized health behavior measures relevant to intercourse pain, we constructed a measure assessing potential barriers to dyspareunia treatment-seeking. An exploratory principal …

Calcium Supplemental Usage And Potential Health Issues Sssociated With The Rate Of Usage In Las Vegas, Nv, Tanesha Nicole Moss

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Calcium is a very important nutrient and as such, it is very important that all humans consume sufficient amounts. However, some calcium supplements have been known to contain small quantities of lead. This research project used a retrospective approach to explore the trade-off between the benefits of calcium vs. the potential lead exposure amongst people who are taking these supplements. A survey consisting of 10 questions was used to try to assess the rate of consumption of specific types of calcium supplements. This research project obtained lead levels in calcium supplements from previous research and applied that data into this …

Youth At The Nexus: Ideology In Hiv Prevention In Nairobi, Kenya, Zohra Ahmed

Scholarly Works

In the fight against HIV/AIDS, the Behavior Change Communication (BCC) model stands as international best practice in preventive education. Ideally, a BCC intervention aims to changes behaviors and attitudes by facilitating group negotiation and introspection, with a resultant improvement in health. However, introducing this best practice model to a group of youth in Nairobi resulted in suboptimal outcomes: they were unaccustomed to expressing themselves in the ways prescribed by the class. To explain this failure, I examine how local discourses produced by parents and teachers communicate agency, sexuality and health, and highlight the diverging practices invoked at home, school and …

Use Of Audit, And Measures Of Drinking Frequency And Patterns To Detect Associations Between Alcohol And Sexual Behaviour In Male Sex Workers In Kenya, Stanley Luchters, Scott Geibel, Masila Syengo, Daniel Lango, Nzioki King'ola, Marleen Temmerman, Matthew F. Chersich

Population Health, East Africa

Background: Previous research has linked alcohol use with an increased number of sexual partners, inconsistent condom use and a raised incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, alcohol measures have been poorly standardised, with many ill-suited to eliciting, with adequate precision, the relationship between alcohol use and sexual risk behaviour. This study investigates which alcohol indicator - single-item measures of frequency and patterns of drinking ( > = 6 drinks on 1 occasion), or the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) - can detect associations between alcohol use and unsafe sexual behaviour among male sex workers.

Methods: A cross-sectional …

Lead Concentrations In Extracted Primary Teeth Among Clark County Pediatric Patients, Jennifer A. Berger

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Childhood lead poisoning is a completely preventable condition, yet only a small portion of children in Nevada are screened for elevated blood lead levels. In 2009 only 6.11 percent of children in Nevada were screened for lead indicating that Nevada would benefit from an alternative method of screening for childhood lead exposure. Deciduous teeth are not currently recognized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as diagnostic samples for the measurement for lead exposure. However, this unique and innovative detection method utilizes opportunistic samples that will contribute to the childhood lead poisoning prevention efforts in Nevada.

The objectives of …

Modeling Mortality Rates For Leukemia Between Men And Women In The United States, Blessed Quansah

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Leukemia related deaths increased dramatically over the last forty years. Leukemia is a malignant disease or cancer of the bone marrow and blood. It is characterized by the uncontrolled accumulation of blood cells. Leukemia is divided into two categories: myelogenous or lymphocytic, each of which can be acute or chronic. The terms, myelogenous or lymphocytic denote the cell type involved.

In this thesis, the proposed modeling techniques are applied to leukemia deaths data from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER). In particular, annual deaths data from 1969 to 2007 are used in the data analysis, which includes three major …

Playing With Fire Or Arson? Identifying Predictors Of Juvenile Firesetting Behavior, Mary Ellen Britt

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Firesetting is a complex behavior that spans a wide range of developmental stages in childhood and adolescence and involves varying motivations and intents. A better understanding of this destructive behavior is critical to developing strategies to control its devastating effects. The purpose of this research project was to identify potential predictors of juvenile firesetting behavior by studying youth who were enrolled in a regional firesetting intervention program. Data collected from firesetting assessment instruments completed by parents or guardians of program participants were examined. In the analyses, special emphasis was placed on evaluating associations between juvenile firesetting behavior and the socioeconomic …

The Importance Of Metrics And Communication In Cafeteria School Policy, Andre Sanchez, Atreya Chakraborty

Interdisciplinary Perspectives: a Graduate Student Research Showcase

Obesity has become an epidemic amongst American youth in the 21st century, and is spreading not only into other developed nations such as the UK and Australia, but is also beginning to effect developing nations such as India (Bhardwaj, 2008). It is estimated that nationwide, childhood obesity affects around 17% of American children (Center For Disease Control, 2011). Obesity has been linked to many health disorders, including but not limited to, heart disease and diabetes. Subsequently, this rise in childhood obesity is having a severe impact on the healthcare services sector in America, with some studies suggesting childhood obesity in …

Curated Exhibit Roadside Crosses And Memorials: Photo Essay By Gerald Moore, Laura J. Hall

Posters and Presentations

The Roadside Crosses and Memorials exhibit, curated by Laura J. Hall, MFA, featured a poignant photo essay by New Mexico artist Gerald Moore. The exhibit captured the memorials placed alongside highways and roads in remembrance of those who lost their lives in vehicular accidents. These "descansos," as they are called in New Mexico, represent the places where individuals were last alive, offering a powerful reflection on life, loss, and remembrance. Through photography, Moore documented the varied forms of these memorials, from simple wooden crosses to intricate handmade tributes, capturing both their artistic expression and their deep emotional resonance. April 28, …

Prescriptions For Excellence In Health Care Spring 2011 Download Pdf

Prescriptions for Excellence in Health Care Newsletter Supplement

No abstract provided.

Profil Lipid, Peroksidasi Lipid, Dan Status Inflamatif Wanita Penderita Sindrom Metabolik, Hery Winarsi, Siwi P.M. Wijayanti, Agus Purwanto

Kesmas

Prevalensi sindrom metabolik (SM) di Indonesia (13,13%) tergolong tinggi dengan kecenderungan terus meningkat. Salah satu akibat SM adalah disfungsi endotel, sebagai awal penyakit kardiovaskuler yang diinduksi oleh stres oksidatif dan inflamatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi profil lipid, peroksidasi lipid, dan marker inflamasi pada wanita penderita SM di Purwokerto. Sebanyak 30 wanita dengan kadar gula darah di atas normal, obesitas body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2, dan berusia 40-65 tahun dilibatkan sebagai responden yang dipilih melalui survei di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Margono Soekarjo. Kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, malondialdehid, dan plasma C-reactive protein …

Pengaruh Perawatan Metode Kanguru Terhadap Respons Fisiologis Bayi Prematur, Deswita Deswita, Besral Besral, Yeni Rustina

Kesmas

Saat ini, perawatan metode kanguru mulai dianjurkan bagi bayi prematur karena kelahiran prematur dan bayi dengan berat badan lahir rendah merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian bayi terbesar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perawatan metode kanguru terhadap respons fisiologis bayi prematur. Desain quasi experiment one group pre and post-test dilakukan di 2 rumah sakit di Jakarta. Sebanyak 16 bayi prematur yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dipilih sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang bermakna dari perawatan metode kanguru terhadap respons fisiologis bayi prematur seperti peningkatan suhu tubuh ke arah suhu normal (p value = 0,000), peningkatan frekuensi denyut …

Tuberkulosis Paru Di Palembang, Sumatera Selatan, Hery Unita Versitaria, Haryoto Kusnoputranto

Kesmas

Indonesia tercatat memiliki 304.787 penderita tuberkulosis yang menempatkannya pada peringkat ketiga terbanyak di dunia. Penyakit tuberkulosis merupakan penyebab kematian nomor 3 setelah penyakit kardiovaskuler dan penyakit saluran pernafasan pada semua kelompok usia serta nomor 1 dari golongan penyakit infeksi. Angka kepadatan hunian rumah di Kota Palembang 5,84 lebih tinggi daripada angka ideal kepadatan hunian rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara sumber penular serumah, faktor lingkungan dalam rumah, dan karakteristik individu terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis paru basil tahan asam (BTA) (+) di Kota Palembang. Penelitian yang menggunakan desain kasus kontrol ini membandingkan kelompok kasus (BTA(+)) dan kelompok kontrol (BTA (-)) yang …

Lingkungan Fisik Dan Angka Kuman Udara Ruangan Di Rumah Sakit Umum Haji Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, M. Tahir Abdullah, Buraerah Abdul Hakim

Kesmas

Udara merupakan salah satu media lingkungan tempat bakteri, virus, dan fungi hidup dan berkembang. Oleh karena mikroorganisme tersebut memerlukan berbagai persyaratan untuk tumbuh dan berkembang, faktor-faktor lingkungan fisik udara tertentu dapat berhubungan dengan angka kuman. Untuk menentukan hubungan ini, telah dilakukan studi potong lintang di ruang rawat inap pasien Rumah Sakit Umum Haji Makasar. Kualitas faktor-faktor lingkungan fisik (pencahayaan, suhu, kelembaban relatif, dan kepadatan ruangan) dan angka kepadatan kuman dalam 5 ruang rawat inap (pavilion, kelas 1, kelas 2, kelas 3, dan recovery room) diukur 3 kali (pagi, siang, dan sebelum matahari terbenam) pada 3 titik pengukuran berbeda setiap ruang. …

Contextual Factors And Reproductive Control In U.S. Women, Brianna Magnusson

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Access to family planning services is a major public health issue. State policies and funding for family planning services may increase access to contraceptive services and help women avoid unintended pregnancies. Study Design: We identified sexually active, fertile women participants of the National Survey of Family Growth (2006-2008). Women were categorized as consistent or inconsistent users of contraceptives based on self-report. States were classified based on 2006 Medicaid family planning waiver status (income expansions, limited expansions, or no Medicaid family planning expansions), 2006 public funding for family planning in dollars per woman, and insurance coverage of contraceptive mandate status …

Radiation Therapy Treatment Plan Optimization Accounting For Random And Systematic Patient Setup Uncertainties, Joseph Moore

Theses and Dissertations

External-beam radiotherapy is one of the primary methods for treating cancer. Typically a radiotherapy treatment course consists of radiation delivered to the patient in multiple daily treatment fractions over 6-8 weeks. Each fraction requires the patient to be aligned with the image acquired before the treatment course used in treatment planning. Unfortunately, patient alignment is not perfect and results in residual errors in patient setup. The standard technique for dealing with errors in patient setup is to expand the volume of the target by some margin to ensure the target receives the planned dose in the presence of setup errors. …

Book Review: Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, And Happiness, Etienne Phipps Phd

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Main Line Health Offers Unique Educational Model For Outreach To Community Youth: The Annenberg High School Science Symposium, Joel Port, Nan Myers

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Health Policy Forum: Public Health Law Research, Making The Care For Laws To Improve Health

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Health Policy Forum: Transformative Technology Applications In Health Care

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

New Global Health Fellowship Links Jefferson And Sierra Leone, Bon S. Ku Md, Harsh P. Sule Md

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Use Of Archival Data To Inform Health Policy, Shana Stites Ma, Ms

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

8th Annual Interclerkship Day: Improving Patient Safety

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The Jefferson Scale Of Empathy (Jse): An Update, Mohammedreza Hojat Phd, Daniel Z. Louis Ms, Kay Maxwell Bs, Joseph S. Gonnella Md

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Pitfalls And Problems Abound: A Medical Student Shares A Family Experience With The Health Care System, Cole Zanetti

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Amsa's 3rd Annual Patient Safety And Quality Leadership Institute, Boris Rozenfeld, Marina Zeltser

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Health Reform: Will It Improve Our Nation's Health?, Rob Simmons Drph,Mph,Mches,Cph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Health Policy Newsletter Spring 2011 Download Full Text Pdf

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of A Blast Wave Device And Blast Wave Induced Traumatic Brain Injury In A Rat Model By Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Spectroscopy, Frank Corwin

Theses and Dissertations

Blast wave induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a modality of injury that has come into prominence at the current time due to the large number of military and civilian personnel who have experienced the localized shock wave produced by explosive devices. The shock wave will travel concentrically outward from the explosive center, being absorbed and transmitted thru soft objects, such as tissue, and reflecting off stationary obstructions. Transmission and absorption in tissues can result in a number of physiological measureable injuries, the most common of which being what is frequently called “blast lung”. Blast lung involves the spalling effect …