Public Health Commons^™

Midwives, Rain, And Donkey Carts: Factors Affecting Women’S Decisions To Deliver At Home Or At A Clinic In Rural Mali, Jessica Preslar

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This study focuses on this complex array of factors that affect women’s decisions or abilities to go to a local clinic, a Centre de Santé Communitaire (CSCOM), to give birth. The influence of money, distance from a CSCOM, and beliefs about the CSCOM and modern medicine are all investigated, as well as an open discussion about the decision and ability surrounding place of delivery.Both qualitative and quantitative data is gathered through interviews regarding these factors to allow for a broad range of data analysis; interviews are used to communicate directly with the women, and to obtain a more thorough understanding …

Simulation-Based Team Training At The Sharp End: A Qualitative Study Of Simulation-Based Team Training Design, Implementation, And Evaluation In Healthcare, Sallie J. Weaver, Eduardo Salas, Rebecca Lyons, Elizabeth H. Lazzara, Michael A. Rosen, Deborah Diazgranados, Julia G. Grim, Jeffrey S. Augenstein, David J. Birnbach, Heidi King

Publications

This article provides a qualitative review of the published literature dealing with the design, implementation, and evaluation of simulation-based team training (SBTT) in healthcare with the purpose of providing synthesis of the present state of the science to guide practice and future research. A systematic literature review was conducted and produced 27 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. These articles were coded using a low-inference content analysis coding scheme designed to extract important information about the training program. Results are summarized in 10 themes describing important considerations for what occurs before, during, and after a training event. Both across disciplines and …

Tools For Evaluating Team Performance In Simulation-Based Training, Michael A. Rosen, Sallie J. Weaver, Elizabeth H. Lazzara, Eduardo Salas, Teresa Wu, Salvatore Silvestri, Nicola Schiebel, Sandra Almeida, Heidi B. King

Publications

Teamwork training constitutes one of the core approaches for moving healthcare systems toward increased levels of quality and safety, and simulation provides a powerful method of delivering this training, especially for face-paced and dynamic specialty areas such as Emergency Medicine. Team performance measurement and evaluation plays an integral role in ensuring that simulation-based training for teams (SBTT) is systematic and effective. However, this component of SBTT systems is overlooked frequently. This article addresses this gap by providing a review and practical introduction to the process of developing and implementing evaluation systems in SBTT. First, an overview of team performance evaluation …

Perceptions And Evaluation Of An Urban Environment For Pedestrian Friendliness: A Case Study, Elizabeth H. Lee

Master's Theses

Public health is an increasingly important issue addressed from both environmental and public health sectors for the future development of urban environments. From a planning perspective, one possible solution is to increase walkability throughout the cities. Many assessment methods are being developed and administered to evaluate the quality of existing urban environments to promote walkable cities/communities. The results from using these methods provide policymakers and stakeholders with valuable information regarding the existing physical conditions of the environment. Although several US cities started to develop and refocus plans toward pedestrian-oriented policies approaches, results from this particular study determined that the quality …

Service Technician Working Alone Dies After Being Assaulted, Kentucky Injury Prevention And Research Center

Fatality Case Reports--Other

One late fall evening in 2009, a 53 year-old male technician was working alone at a repair shop. At approximately 9:45 PM, the technician returned to the shop with his dinner from a nearby fast-food establishment. He spread his dinner on the work bench and began eating when apparently he was attacked from behind. His attacker used a knife and cut the technician’s carotid artery and jugular vein on the left side of his neck. The attacker fled, and the technician used a cell phone to call 911, emergency medical services (EMS). When EMS arrived, they found the technician dead …

The Primary Care Safety Net: Strained, Transitioning, Critical, Jessamyn Taylor

National Health Policy Forum

This background paper examines the primary care safety net. It describes key primary care safety net providers, including federally qualified health centers, free clinics, local health departments, and safety net hospital outpatient departments and clinics, among others. The paper also explores the changing role of the primary care safety net in a post–health reform marketplace.

Landmark Prediction Of Survival, Layla Parast, Tianxi Cai

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

High Hopes: Public Health Approaches To Reducing The Need For Health Care, Michele J. Orza

National Health Policy Forum

Driven in part by a desire to contain health care costs, policymakers are looking beyond medical care for opportunities to reduce the need for expensive services. This paper briefly reviews current public health concepts and strategies for improving health that emphasize nonmedical factors such as behavior, socioeconomic status, and environment. It also provides examples of how these concepts and strategies undergird many of the public health provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, other legislation, and several programs and initiatives. These concepts include prevention, health in all policies, global health, the One Health Initiative, and climate change and …

Adolescent Lifestyle And Behaviour: A Survey From A Developing Country., Waris Qidwai Dr, Sidra Ishaque, Sabeen Shah, Maheen Rahim

Department of Family Medicine

Introduction: Adolescents form two-thirds of our population. This is a unique group of people with special needs. Our survey aims to identify the lifestyle and behavioral patterns in this group of people and subsequently come up with issues that warrant special attention.
Methods: A survey was performed in various schools of Karachi. Data collection was done via a face-to-face interview based on a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Participants included all willing persons between 12-19 years of age.
Results: Most adolescents with lifestyle issues fell in the age group of 16-18 years. Females were more depressed than males and had more sleep …

Reasons For Reducing Breastfeeding Duration Among Chinese Mothers In Ireland:A Qualitative Study, Qianling Zhou

Other resources

Introduction: The Ireland Chinese Mother Survey has revealed a remarkable decline of breastfeeding duration among Chinese mothers who gave birth in Ireland [1]. This qualitative study was undertaken to explore the reasons for such a decrease and to determine the influence of residency in Ireland on breastfeeding practices among immigrant Chinese. Methods: Purposive sampling together with the snowball technique was used to recruit immigrant Chinese women who have given birth in Ireland. Seven focus groups were conducted and thematic content analysis was performed to analyse the data. Results: Decline in breastfeeding duration was not mainly due to the formula feeding …

The Use Of Insecticide-Treated Nets For Reducing Malaria Morbidity Among Children Aged 6-59 Months, In An Area Of High Malaria Transmission In Central Côte D'Ivoire, Benjamin G. Koudou, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Clémence Essé, Christian Nsanzabana, Fabian Rohner, Jürg Utzinger, Brian E. Faragher, Andres B. Tschannen

Faculty Publications

Background

Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are an important tool for controlling malaria. Much attention has been devoted to determine both the effect of LLINs on the reduction of Plasmodium infection rate and on clinically-confirmed malaria cases in sub-Saharan Africa. We carried out an epidemiological study to investigate whether LLINs impact on Plasmodium prevalence rate and the proportion of clinically-confirmed malaria cases, in five villages in the district of Toumodi, central Côte d'Ivoire.

Methods

From April 2007 to November 2008, a community-based malaria control programme was implemented in the study villages, which involved large-scale distribution of LLINs, and training and sensitization …

The Health Of Latinos In Massachusetts: A Snapshot, Dharma Cortés, Rodolfo R. Vega

Gastón Institute Publications

People’s health outcomes are shaped in part by non-biological factors. Most immediately, limited access to health care services can have a deleterious impact on individuals’ health outcomes (Andrulis, 1998). In turn, access to healthcare services is influenced by socioeconomic factors such as whether a person has health insurance or the financial means to pay for their health care. Familiarity with the health care system is another important factor that may influence an individual’s access to healthcare services (Morgan et al., 2008). Language also plays an important role in health outcomes. For instance, individuals with limited English proficiency may find it …

Injury In Nevada, Michelle Chino, Jonathon Lavalley, Darlene R. Haff, Deborah A. Harris, Andrea R. Rivers

School of Public Health Faculty Research

Injury is a major threat to health and safety. In a typical day in the US, 400 people will die as the result of an injury, 7,500 will be hospitalized due to an injury, and more than 150,000 will suffer an injury severe enough to restrict activities and seek medical attention. Many of these deaths, hospitalizations, and disabling events will be the result of motor vehicle crashes. Others will result from vio­lence, falls, drowning, and poisoning – all of which are considered injuries.

The costs of injury are high. In the United States, the cost of injuries is estimated to …

Cesarean And Vbac Rates Among Immigrant Vs. Native-Born Women: A Retrospective Observational Study From Taiwan Cesarean Delivery And Vbac Among Immigrant Women In Taiwan, Jung Chung Fu, Sudha Xirasagar Mbbs., Ph.D, Jihong Liu Sc.D., Janice C. Probst

Publications

Background. Cultural and ethnic roots impact women's fertility and delivery preferences This study investigated whether the likelihood of cesarean delivery, primary cesarean, and vaginal delivery after cesarean (VBAC) varies by maternal national origin. Methods. We conducted a nation-wide, population-based, observational study using secondary data from Taiwan. De-identified data were obtained on all 392,246 singleton live births (500 g; 20 weeks) born to native-born Taiwanese, Vietnamese and mainland Chinese-born mothers between January 1 2006 and December 31 2007 from Taiwan's nation-wide birth certificate data. Our analytic samples consisted of the following: for overall cesarean likelihood 392,246 births, primary cesarean 336,766 (excluding …

Manutention : Comparaison Des Façons De Faire Entre Les Experts Et Les Novices, André Plamondon, Denys Denis, Sophie Bellefeuille, Alain Delisle, Maud Gonella, Erik Salazar, Denis Gagnon, Christian Larivière, Marie St-Vincent, Iuliana Nastasia

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Il a déjà été démontré que des manutentionnaires d’expérience, reconnus par leurs collègues comme étant des experts, ont développé des façons de faire différentes de celles des novices qui pourraient être à la fois sécuritaires et plus efficientes. Les auteurs croient que ces façons de faire pourraient inspirer l’élaboration de programmes de formation mieux adaptés au travail. Pour les fins de cette étude des experts en manutention et des travailleurs novices ont été invités à reproduire en laboratoire leurs façons de faire dans des conditions de travail variées. Cela a permis aux chercheurs de recueillir des données biomécaniques et de …

Using Hospital Discharge Abstract Data To Identify Incident Breast Cancer Cases And Assess Quality Of Care, Elaine J. Yuen, Daniel Z. Louis, Carol Rabinowitz, Vittorio Maio, L. Cisbani, R. Depalma, R. Grilli

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

The Importance Of Examining Movements Within The Us Health Caresystem: Sequential Logit Modeling, Chioun Lee, Stephanie L L. Ayers, Jennie Jacobs Kronenfeld, Jemima A. Frimpong, Patrick A. Rivers, Sam S. Kim

Dartmouth Scholarship

Utilization of specialty care may not be a discrete, isolated behavior but rather, a behavior of sequential movements within the health care system. Although patients may often visit their primary care physician and receive a referral before utilizing specialty care, prior studies have underestimated the importance of accounting for these sequential movements. The sample included 6,772 adults aged 18 years and older who participated in the 2001 Survey on Disparities in Quality of Care, sponsored by the Commonwealth Fund. A sequential logit model was used to account for movement in all stages of utilization: use of any health services (i.e., …

Physician Leadership And Medical Group Performance: A National Study

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Changing Social Environments To Promote Health: Evidence, Opportunities And Challenges

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Consumer Health Informatics And Healthcare Disparities

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Online Presence And Social Media: The Jsph Experience, Laura Kimberly Mbe, Msw, Lisa Chosed Ma, Emily Frelick Ms

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

How Pennsylvania's Budget Shapes Service Delivery

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Greater Philadelphia Schweitzer Program Welcomes New Fellows, Nicole Moore Ma

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Functional: Students Taking An Active Role In Shaping Health Policy, Bridget Peterson, Irmina Haq

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The Value Of Interdisciplinary Education: Learning Together Helps Make Care Safer, Valerie P. Pracilio Mph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Moving Philadelphia! Creating Healthier Communities, Laura Kimberly Msw, Mbe

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Improving The Appopriateness Of Prescribing Medicine In The Elderly: A Comprehensive Approach In The Local Health Unit Of Parma, Italy, Karina Herrera Ms, Stefano Del Canale Md, Phd, Ettore Brianti Md, Massimo Fabi Md, Daniel Louis Ms, Vittorio Maio Pharmd, Ms, Msph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Arthur C. Bachmeyer Memorial Lecture, David B. Nash Md, Mba

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Health Policy Newsletter Summer 2010 Download Full Pdf

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Renewing Health Services Management Research: Redrawing The Citizen-Client In Irish Health Care Policy, Vivienne Byers

Conference Papers

Ireland has a history of health policy which is not explicit as to its aims and objectives. In light of this fact, this paper examines the position and direction of the Irish Health Services, five years on from the advent of the setting up of the Health Services Executive (HSE) and the restructuring of the health services. The Irish health system policy is guided by the Health Strategy of 2001; in that there should be equitable distribution of health services focused on the need of the citizen-client, and also by the Primary Care Strategy (2001:7); in that there should be …