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Articles 751 - 780 of 2122
Full-Text Articles in Public Health
Marital Status And Human Immunodeficiency Virus Mortality In A Southern County, Javis Nkwanwoh
Marital Status And Human Immunodeficiency Virus Mortality In A Southern County, Javis Nkwanwoh
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) remains a substantial cause of mortality, particularly among U.S. segments of the population. Marriage is protective of HIV/AIDS mortality due to monogamy; however, the increased risk of HIV/AIDS mortality among other marital subgroups is understudied. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between marital status and HIV/AIDS mortality among a cohort of HIV infected individuals in a southern county. Mills' behavior theory guided this research as it posits that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning, which occurs through the interaction with the environment. The study had a quantitative research design …
Examining The Factors That Lead To Latinas Stopping Breastfeeding Across The United States, Dulce Ruelas
Examining The Factors That Lead To Latinas Stopping Breastfeeding Across The United States, Dulce Ruelas
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Breastfeeding is the optimal nutrition for an infant, yet only 25.4% of women in the United States decide to breastfeed. A Latina's choice for infant feeding must be made with accurate information as breastfeeding may reduce infant mortality and decrease chronic conditions such as obesity, depression, and diabetes. The study's purpose was to examine if Latinas are influenced by suggestions to not breastfeed by family members and health care providers or by events that may have happened at the hospital. Grounded in the theory of planned behavior, this study reviewed if social influences, marital status, and maternal education link to …
Multimorbidity, Healthcare Processes, And Mortality Among Tb/Hiv Patients Treated With Antiretroviral Therapy In Uganda, Abel Nkolo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Globally, Uganda is one of the 30 tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) high burden countries with high antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage, yet mortality is still high among TB/HIV patients on ART. The reasons for the high mortality have not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between multimorbidity, age, sex, marital status, phase of TB treatment, timing of initiation for ART, and type of TB and mortality among TB/HIV patients on ART in Uganda. The health outcomes conceptual framework with 3 domains that directly or indirectly affect the outcome domain was used …
Exploring The Relationship Between Antenatal Care And Postnatal Care To Newborn Outcomes In Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria, Adebe Gabriel
Exploring The Relationship Between Antenatal Care And Postnatal Care To Newborn Outcomes In Borno State, Northeastern Nigeria, Adebe Gabriel
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Newborn outcomes (morbidity or mortality) have been on the increase in Borno State. This study explores the relationship between antenatal care (ANC) and postnatal care (PNC) and newborn outcomes among women in Mafa local government area, Borno State. Also examined were the relationships between transportation and newborn outcomes, women’s knowledge of illness during pregnancy and ANC attendance, availability of staff/health workers, availability of supplies/equipment relations with ANC and PNC attendance. The three delays model was used as theoretical framework. The research will be useful for government and program-implementing partners to guide quality reproductive maternal newborn child adolescent health and nutrition …
Risk Factors For Foodborne Illness Outbreaks In Retail Food Establishments, Brendalee Viveiros
Risk Factors For Foodborne Illness Outbreaks In Retail Food Establishments, Brendalee Viveiros
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite policies and interventions over the last two decades, foodborne illness remains a significant public health concern. According to the CDC’s Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System, 60% of reported foodborne illness outbreaks involved food that was prepared at a restaurant. Reducing foodborne illness outbreaks that occur at restaurants would have a significant impact on the overall number of foodborne illnesses that occur each year. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively analyze the differences in risk factors in food establishments that have had a foodborne illness outbreak compared to food establishments that have not. This study used Reckwitz’s theory …
Breastfeeding Information And Breastfeeding Duration Among African American Women With A Family History Of Breast Or Ovarian Cancer, Aleatha Johnson
Breastfeeding Information And Breastfeeding Duration Among African American Women With A Family History Of Breast Or Ovarian Cancer, Aleatha Johnson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Decades of research supports the notion that breastfeeding may help prevent breast and ovarian cancer in women. Women with a family history of these cancers are at greater risk. African American women have the lowest breastfeeding rates, yet the highest breast and ovarian cancer mortality rates. No studies have been conducted exploring the impact of being informed about breastfeeding from health care providers, breastfeeding support services, or family and friends and the relationship between their knowledge of family history of breast or ovarian cancer and breastfeeding duration for African American women. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine …
Disparities In The Use Of Radiation Therapy For Postlumpectomy Breast Cancer, Deborah Rothley
Disparities In The Use Of Radiation Therapy For Postlumpectomy Breast Cancer, Deborah Rothley
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Early-stage breast cancer can be highly curable when properly treated using national standards of care. However, disparities in treatment, including radiation therapy after lumpectomy, may result in disproportional mortality rates in African American women. The purpose of this study was to add to the body of research to help determine the reasons for an underutilization of radiation therapy among African American women and whether the disparity has continued by analyzing recent patient data. Anderson’s behavioral model was used to frame the study and help determine the associations between the predisposing and enabling independent variables of race, age, health insurance status, …
Workplace Bullying/Interpersonal Conflict, Job Stress, Coworker Support And Hypertension Among Women, Kia Williams
Workplace Bullying/Interpersonal Conflict, Job Stress, Coworker Support And Hypertension Among Women, Kia Williams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Interpersonal conflict in the workplace, such as workplace bullying, is recognized as a growing public health issue that could lead to poor health outcomes like hypertension among women workers. However, there is limited research on the role that interpersonal conflict, as well as other job-related factors such as job stress and coworker support, may collectively have on hypertensive outcomes among minority women workers, specifically in younger age groups. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to examine the extent to which certain job risk factors (interpersonal conflict, job stress and coworker support) were associated with being treated for hypertension …
Diabetes Self-Management Of Adults With Diabetes In Grenada During The Covid-19, Pauline Smith
Diabetes Self-Management Of Adults With Diabetes In Grenada During The Covid-19, Pauline Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Diabetes self-management involves several behaviors to prevent complications and ensure a good quality of life. Several studies addressed how the COVID-19 lockdown impacted diabetes self-management practices worldwide, yet little was known about self-management experiences in Grenada and the Caribbean region. The purpose of this phenomenological and directed content analysis study was to gain insight into the lived diabetes self-management experiences during the COVID-19 lockdown in Grenada. The theory of planned behavior was used as the theoretical framework for this study. The research questions addressed lived self-management experiences and attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control toward diabetes self-management. Semistructured interviews …
Parents’ Decision Making And Uptake Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Adolescent Males, Franklyn Penn
Parents’ Decision Making And Uptake Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Adolescent Males, Franklyn Penn
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections account for most oropharyngeal, anal, and penile cancers among men. Two vaccines have been recommended for boys 11 years of age or older to prevent HPV infection, but HPV vaccination rates are far below the Healthy People 2030 target goal. Some research indicates the role of the parent is vital in HPV vaccine uptake, but to what extent is unclear. Through quantitative secondary data analysis of the National Immunization Survey-Teen 2016 (NIS-Teen) data set (n = 43,271) that was grounded in the health belief model, chi-square, and logistic regression analyses revealed three key findings. First, male …
The Causes And Control Measures Of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae In Long-Term Care Facilities, Ismaila Olatunji Sule
The Causes And Control Measures Of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae In Long-Term Care Facilities, Ismaila Olatunji Sule
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE), infections among residents are increasing in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), resulting in high rate of morbidity and healthcare costs. ESBL-PE resists empirical antibiotics and reduces treatment options, and a designated infection control team is unavailable to prevent the prevalence of the disease. Ecological theory guided this study. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to characterize the causes of ESBL-PE and evaluate the infection control strategies within LTCFs. Multiple regression analysis (MRA) was included as supplementary statistical analysis to identify relationships between LTCFs, geographical locations, infection control measures (ICMs), and ESBL-PE. A systematic search …
Psychosocial Factors And Physical Health In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients, Olulana Bamiro
Psychosocial Factors And Physical Health In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients, Olulana Bamiro
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The research problem identified was poor physical health in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The problem is important because poor physical health yields unsuccessful aging. The current research aimed to identify psychosocial factors that improve self-evaluated physical health in the study population as a proxy to overall health; the research questions helped identify these factors. The first research question assessed the association between health locus of control and self-evaluated physical health. The second research question evaluated the association between family support and self-evaluated physical health. A final research question assessed the association between health locus of control, …
Educating Nurses To Help Promote Diabetes Self-Care Management In Primary Care, Delphine E. Ikpasaja
Educating Nurses To Help Promote Diabetes Self-Care Management In Primary Care, Delphine E. Ikpasaja
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Diabetes is a chronic disease that has a genetic and lifestyle component, and it affects individuals in various parts of the world. A lack of understanding of the nature of the disease has contributed to the complications experienced by patients with diabetes 2 (DM2), such as an elevated glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C) and hyperglycemia. At the clinic where this project took place, patients received an initial teaching but did not get any further support or resources to manage their disease. A four sections of a 30 minutes each was the educational presentation used with staff at the clinic to help them …
Effects Of Trained Providers And Naloxone Distribution On Prescription Opioid Use Disorder, Samuel Sarpong
Effects Of Trained Providers And Naloxone Distribution On Prescription Opioid Use Disorder, Samuel Sarpong
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractOpioid abuse and overdose are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality rates, as well as social and economic costs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the independent and interactive effects of state-sponsored prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) trained healthcare providers and community-based naloxone distribution program related factors in the states of Florida and Georgia for the prevention and reduction of prescription opioid use disorder, overdose, and deaths. The research theory adopted was the socio-ecological model with an emphasis on risk factors such as age. The study used secondary data from 2014 to 2018 from the Florida and Georgia …
Social Determinants Of Health And Type 2 Diabetes Among Enrollees Of California Children’S Services Program In Fresno County, California, Daniela Marie Aghadjanian
Social Determinants Of Health And Type 2 Diabetes Among Enrollees Of California Children’S Services Program In Fresno County, California, Daniela Marie Aghadjanian
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite extensive study in adults, Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been the subject of little research concerning young adults or children. Doctors believed T2D to develop only in a person’s later years until health care providers found younger individuals developing this disease. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative analysis was to determine correlations between T2D and social determinants of health in Fresno County, California, based on children and adolescents. The 2017-19 data came from the Fresno County Department of Public Health. The theoretical foundation for the study was the socio-ecological framework focusing on individuals’ traits having a bidirectional impact on …
Understanding How Religious Practices Influence Self-Care In Black Churchgoers Diagnosed With Hypertension, Taquina C. Davis
Understanding How Religious Practices Influence Self-Care In Black Churchgoers Diagnosed With Hypertension, Taquina C. Davis
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Religion plays an essential role in managing health; however, there is limited research on religious practices among Black churchgoers diagnosed with hypertension. This research aims to understand how religious practices influence self-care in Black churchgoers diagnosed with hypertension. The sample consisted of 21 Black men and women, ages 29 to 70 years, with a clinical diagnosis of hypertension. Participants were recruited from two local, predominately Black churches in South Carolina and administered semistructured interviews to participants. A grounded theory design was used, and the data analysis consisted of constant comparison. Two core concepts were identified. One core concept identified was …
The Influence Of Community-Based Interventions On Behaviors Of Hiv+ Persons In Congo-Kinshasa, Max Ebengho Bokelo
The Influence Of Community-Based Interventions On Behaviors Of Hiv+ Persons In Congo-Kinshasa, Max Ebengho Bokelo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractSub-Saharan African communities bear the highest burden of HIV/AIDS in the world. Because of identifiable cultural links and local beliefs, people are more likely to engage in sexual mores that could negatively impact their lives. Starting in early 2000, Congolese HIV+ patients have undergone a variety of inputs designed to decrease HIV risk behaviors among people. The purpose of this inquiry was to understand the impact of those actions within the community. Data grounded on the socioecological model were collected regarding any changes in (1) behavioral rejection of condoms, (2) Kintwidi phenomenon, (3) levirate and (4) sororate marriage, (5) sexual …
Developing A Clinical Practice Guideline For Colorectal Cancer Screening In Primary Care, Michelle Janise Berkley-Brown
Developing A Clinical Practice Guideline For Colorectal Cancer Screening In Primary Care, Michelle Janise Berkley-Brown
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States for both men and women combined. CRC screening is an effective way to reduce mortality and morbidity related to the disease. Practitioners within primary care practices can play an essential role in encouraging people to be screened. Yet, CRC screening rates remain low in primary care practices. Evidence-based strategies are available to help practitioners improve CRC screening activities and improve screening rates. The lack of a clinical practice guideline (CPG) with strategies to help improve CRC screening interventions was identified as a practice gap for …
The Power Of Exogenous Variables In Predicting West Nile Virus In South Carolina, Christopher Lee Glaze
The Power Of Exogenous Variables In Predicting West Nile Virus In South Carolina, Christopher Lee Glaze
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite the availability of medical data, environmental surveillance tools, and heightened public awareness, West Nile Virus (WNv) remains a global health hazard. Reliable methods for predicting WNv outbreaks remain elusive, and environmental health managers must take preventive actions without the benefit of simple predictive tools. The purpose of this ex post facto research was to examine the accuracy and timeliness of exogenous data in predicting outbreaks of WNv in South Carolina. Decision theory, the CYNEFIN construct, and systems theory provided the theoretical framework for this study, allowing the researcher to broaden traditional decision theory concepts with powerful system-level precepts. Using …
Patient Perceptions Of Access To Chronic Pain Medications, Lauren Amy Durham
Patient Perceptions Of Access To Chronic Pain Medications, Lauren Amy Durham
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThe 2014 Drug Enforcement Administration’s reclassification of hydrocodone combination products caused significant unintentional consequences to patients with chronic pain. Although a few researchers have looked at the problems that resulted immediately following the reclassification, none have as yet repeated their studies, creating a knowledge gap. Additionally, previous researchers have shown that most of the current opioid restricting policies in place today were not created using a strong evidence-based or ethically inclusive approach. The purpose of this study was to assess whether common factors identified as issues impacting care for these patients immediately following the reclassification continue to affect care standards. …
Haitian Immigrant Parents’ Perceptions On Acculturation And High-Risk Behaviors Among Their Children, Weiselande Cesar
Haitian Immigrant Parents’ Perceptions On Acculturation And High-Risk Behaviors Among Their Children, Weiselande Cesar
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Immigrant Haitian parents experience acculturative stress when adjusting to the norms and expectations of a new country. Acculturative stress may be exacerbated if their adolescent children display unfamiliar behaviors, which may result in a greater need for psychological assessments and education programs to mitigate the instances of family breakdown. Following Haiti’s 2010 earthquake, there has been an increase in high-risk behaviors among Haitian adolescents. To date, there is limited research on acculturative stress in immigrant Haitian parents and how this stress may relate to their actions and perceptions of high-risk behaviors in their adolescent children. In this case study date …
Change Fatigue, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitment Among Nurses, Melissa Kapping
Change Fatigue, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitment Among Nurses, Melissa Kapping
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The healthcare environment is complex and ever-changing, which has a direct impact on the nurse. The effects of the constant change to the nurse may result in the development of change fatigue, which causes the loss of trust in the organization, a feeling of resentment, and a sense of apprehension while depleting the individual’s reserves. The purpose of this correlational study guided by Lazarus and Folkman’s stress and coping theory was to determine if there is a relationship between (a) job satisfaction and change fatigue and (b) organizational commitment and change fatigue in nurses who work in an outpatient clinical …
Perceived Health And Preventative Care In The Transgender Population, Gregory Page Carpenter
Perceived Health And Preventative Care In The Transgender Population, Gregory Page Carpenter
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Historically, the transgender community has been treated and studied myopically, using the lens of psychological illness. As treatment and research efforts have expanded in the past decade, the transgender population is becoming better understood. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between perceived health and preventative care in the transgender community. The health belief model was the theoretical framework for this cross-sectional study, which included data from the 2014–2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey. Chi-square tests and binomial logistic regressions were performed to investigate associations between perceived health and preventative care in the transgender community. The …
Current Effects Of U.S. Preventive Care Quality Narratives On Preventive Health Services, James Fisher
Current Effects Of U.S. Preventive Care Quality Narratives On Preventive Health Services, James Fisher
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the interest of improving patient outcomes, significant investments in operationalized quality of care within the Medicare space have promulgated a low-resolution narrative predicated on conflation of higher quality scores with improved population health. Concomitant financial incentivization of Medicare Advantage plans through aligned Star Measures places contracts as the fundamental unit of most care quality analyses, but no studies have considered how present incentivization schema have impacted physician use and associated quality scores over time for breast cancer screening (BCS), colorectal cancer screening (CCS), and annual flu vaccination (AFV) at a county level. Guided by the Evidence Based Model framework, …
Hospital Emergency Room Visits For Heavy Menstrual Bleeding, Henry John Mead
Hospital Emergency Room Visits For Heavy Menstrual Bleeding, Henry John Mead
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a well-recognized health issue among women of reproductive age. The characteristics and demographics of women in the community with HMB who present at the emergency department (ED) are not well described. This research aimed to describe the cohort of women who seek treatment at the ED. The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project 2016 National Emergency Department Sample was examined. The theory of reasoned action predicts that women who present at the ED are exhibiting health seeking behavior. From 32 million records, the inception cohort identified N = 111,555 cases. Using national estimation weights, this translates …
Comparison Of The Therapeutic Efficacy Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatments, Kacy Smith Davis
Comparison Of The Therapeutic Efficacy Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatments, Kacy Smith Davis
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition that causes chronic joint pain and destruction. The current standard regimen of monotherapy disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) treatments may not be as effective as that of combination therapy of a DMARD and a biologic agent in treating RA. The purpose of this study was to answer the question, is there a difference in the therapeutic efficacy of combination DMARD treatments with a biologic, compared to monotherapy DMARDs without a biologic, in U.S. Caucasian women between the ages of 30 and 60 that have been diagnosed with RA? Guided by the theoretical framework …
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions And Mortality In Veterans Administration Hospitals, Carolyne S. Davis
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions And Mortality In Veterans Administration Hospitals, Carolyne S. Davis
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractRates for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have continued to increase, resulting in readmission tracking by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid for community hospitals and Veterans Health Administration (VHA) hospitals. By using the Andersen healthcare utilization model as the theoretical framework, the purpose of this quantitative correlational research was to examine differences in 4,879 COPD readmission and mortality rates in VHA hospitals for the four Veteran Administration (VA) regional districts—Northeast, Southeast, Continental, and Pacific—as well as and between rural and urban VA hospitals. Secondary data was acquired from an open website through the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. …
Association Between Modifiable Risk Factors And Stroke Among Hispanics, Shanice Williams
Association Between Modifiable Risk Factors And Stroke Among Hispanics, Shanice Williams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Stroke is a significant public health issue that impacts the health of Hispanic adults. Understanding the multiple risk factors of stroke is an essential strategy to control the disease among this population. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between modifiable risk factors and stroke among Hispanics. The public health prevention framework guided this study. The research questions were designed to determine whether an association exists between modifiable risk factors for stroke among Hispanics. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was used to conduct secondary analysis of the pooled 2017–2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System annual surveys. The …
The Determinants Of Endometrial Cancer Survival Disparities In The United States, Evelyn Anegbe
The Determinants Of Endometrial Cancer Survival Disparities In The United States, Evelyn Anegbe
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States with recent trends showing a continued increase in incidence and mortality. Prognosis is influenced by cancer stage at diagnosis and differs by race/ethnicity. Researchers have documented poorer survival among Blacks than Whites diagnosed with endometrial cancer. The 5-year survival rates for women with endometrial cancer is 81%; while survival for White and Black women are 84% and 62%, respectively. There is a gap in literature examining the widening disparity in incidence and survival of women diagnosed with advanced stage disease among population subgroups across the United States. The …
Sociodemographic And Psychosocial Factors And Wellbeing Among Adults 65 And Older In England, Dainelle Clark
Sociodemographic And Psychosocial Factors And Wellbeing Among Adults 65 And Older In England, Dainelle Clark
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The increased number of older adults living longer parallels with the growth of public health concerns regarding the impact of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors (e.g., loneliness and social isolation) on older adults' wellbeing. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between loneliness, social isolation, the combined model of loneliness, and social isolation on wellbeing among older adults when accounting for age, gender, ethnicity, and social support. The socioecological model (SEM) was used to evaluate the multiple levels of environmental determinants for loneliness, social isolation, and wellbeing. The target population included older adults 65 years and older …