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Articles 1381 - 1410 of 2122
Full-Text Articles in Public Health
Race, Gender, And Retention In A Diabetes Self-Management Program, Marcia Kaye Bygrave
Race, Gender, And Retention In A Diabetes Self-Management Program, Marcia Kaye Bygrave
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Diabetes has quickly become an epidemic in the United States and affects all genders and races. Some ethnic groups are at greater risk for being diagnosed and face devastating health consequences due to poor diabetes self-management. Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is considered to be a positive step toward patient self-efficacy and diabetes management. The benefits of diabetes self-management education can only be realized if patients diagnosed with diabetes not only enroll, but complete the program. The purpose of this research study was to investigate the association between race and gender and dropout rates among participants enrolled in a DSME program. …
Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment Completion And Predictors Of Noncompletion Among Visa Holders In The Rural Setting, Scott Hutton
Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment Completion And Predictors Of Noncompletion Among Visa Holders In The Rural Setting, Scott Hutton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), a product of exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), can lead to tuberculosis (TB) and further cause death if untreated. Fortunately, TB can be prevented with LTBI treatment. Targeting newly arrived visa holders for LTBI screening and treatment is an effective strategy for decreasing future TB burden. However, LTBI treatment completion rates are low, and researches had primarily focused on the nonrural U.S. setting. This study, using a retrospective cohort design under the epidemiological disease triangle framework evaluated (a) the treatment completion rates for 2 cohorts of visa holders (i.e., immigrants, N = 31 and refugees, N …
Implementation Of Food Safety Regulations In Food Service Establishments, Steve Randolph Mcallister
Implementation Of Food Safety Regulations In Food Service Establishments, Steve Randolph Mcallister
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Food service businesses in the United States have experienced millions of dollars in losses caused by foodborne illness outbreaks, which can lead to bankruptcy and business closures. More than 68% of all foodborne illness outbreaks occur in food service establishments. The purpose of this descriptive case study was to explore the strategies leaders of food service establishments use to implement food safety regulations. Force field analysis was the conceptual framework for this study. The population for the study consisted of 3 leaders of food service establishments located in the southeastern region of the United States. Data were collected using semistructured …
Early Radiation Therapy And Cervical Cancer Survival In The United States, Olufunmiso Oyetunde Asamu
Early Radiation Therapy And Cervical Cancer Survival In The United States, Olufunmiso Oyetunde Asamu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A paucity of information exists on the benefits of using radiation therapy for treating women with early cervical cancer detection. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between early versus late testing of Human papilloma virus (HPV), age, race, radiation therapy, and regions in United States, and survival rates among women diagnosed with early cervical cancer. The epidemiological triad of person, time, and space guided this study to explain the regional spread of cervical cancer, and the effect of early testing. Secondary data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) were used (N= 520,153). Statistical analyses …
Women's Experiences Using Health Facilities For Childbirth In South Sudan, Gillian Magda Garnett
Women's Experiences Using Health Facilities For Childbirth In South Sudan, Gillian Magda Garnett
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There is low use of health facilities for childbirth in South Sudan despite the majority of households reporting access to a health facility. South Sudan has a high maternal mortality ratio with 789 maternal deaths for every 100,000 live births. The absence of a midwife during labor and delays in reaching health facilities for childbirth remain the leading contributing factors to the high maternal mortality. Little is known, however, about factors influencing use and non-use of health facilities for delivery in the country. This phenomenological study, therefore, seeks to build a body of evidence by describing the experiences of women …
Implementation Of A Diabetic Resource Toolkit In A Veterans Administration Emergency Department, Caroline Hairston
Implementation Of A Diabetic Resource Toolkit In A Veterans Administration Emergency Department, Caroline Hairston
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in the United States. Uncontrolled diabetes and lack of self-care knowledge leads to increased emergency department (ED) visits, utilizing limited health care resources. The practice-focused question asked whether a patient-focused diabetic self-care toolkit could decrease the number of diabetes-related ED visits. The purpose of this project was to reduce the number of diabetes-related ED visits and was supported by the social cognitive theory. The sources of evidence included the facility's ED Information System (EDIS) data and a patient survey developed by the project lead. There were 149 participants (135 males and 14 …
Social Influences Of Suburban Black Residents Food Purchasing Decisions Using Snap Benefits, Carolyn Mccummings
Social Influences Of Suburban Black Residents Food Purchasing Decisions Using Snap Benefits, Carolyn Mccummings
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In low-income, suburban Black communities, the prevalence of diet-related chronic illnesses is alarming. Various influences often increase diet-related illnesses among this population. One influence is the use of SNAP benefits to purchase food. In this study, the influences of SNAP as well as other influences affecting food purchase decisions among the study population was examined. A qualitative multicase study approach was used and, face-to-face interviews were conducted, to understand the experiences of 20 low-income, current recipients of SNAP who were Black and lived in suburban, New York. The data indicated the most significant influence, communicated by the participants, was that …
Sport-Related Concussion And Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injuries In High School Athletes, Lisa Koperna
Sport-Related Concussion And Lower Extremity Musculoskeletal Injuries In High School Athletes, Lisa Koperna
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Sport-related injuries (SRI) can be foreseen and averted when mechanisms and risk factors are completely understood. An appreciation of the relationship between sport-related concussion (SRC) and lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries (LEMI) is emerging amid professional and collegiate athletes. However, findings of such a relationship in adults may not be generalizable to younger populations, and the literature has not addressed this relationship in adolescents. The purpose of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to examine the relationship between SRC and LEMI in high school athletes. The dynamic model of etiology in sport injury provided the study's conceptual framework. A de-identified secondary dataset …
Perceptions Of Chiropractors In Mississippi Regarding Obesity, Phelesia Nakita Foster
Perceptions Of Chiropractors In Mississippi Regarding Obesity, Phelesia Nakita Foster
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Obesity continues to be a growing problem across the United States. Chiropractors have made claims of providing health promotion services within their treatment protocol; however, there is a lack of empirical research regarding a need for the chiropractic profession to train chiropractors to address Healthy People 2020 public health initiatives. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the perceptions of Mississippi Delta Region chiropractors regarding their role in obesity management as nonmedical practitioners that implement public health objectives in their practice. The research questions aimed at addressing possible barriers and limitations that influenced chiropractors' perceptions regarding their role …
Spatiotemporal Variations In Coexisting Multiple Causes Of Death And The Associated Factors, Emmanuel Oluwatobi Salawu
Spatiotemporal Variations In Coexisting Multiple Causes Of Death And The Associated Factors, Emmanuel Oluwatobi Salawu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The study and practice of epidemiology and public health benefit from the use of mortality statistics, such as mortality rates, which are frequently used as key health indicators. Furthermore, multiple causes of death (MCOD) data offer important information that could not possibly be gathered from other mortality data. This study aimed to describe the interrelationships between various causes of death in the United States in order to improve the understanding of the coexistence of MCOD and thereby improve public health and enhance longevity. The social support theory was used as a framework, and multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to …
Social Support, Psychological Distress, And Behavioral Outcomes Among Palliative Care Caregivers, Monique Lashone Aguirre
Social Support, Psychological Distress, And Behavioral Outcomes Among Palliative Care Caregivers, Monique Lashone Aguirre
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Social support and acute care facility providers need information about how to help improve the practices and knowledge of caregivers related to the stages of palliative care. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there was a significant association between social support and psychological distress and behavioral outcomes among palliative care caregivers, and to determine to what extent social support buffered psychological distress and behavioral outcomes. The quality-of-life model guided the study. The study used a quantitative cross-sectional research design with secondary data analyses. The sample included 320 adult family caregivers who were part of a telephone survey …
Variables That Impact Incidence Of Diarrhea Amongst Under-Five In Uganda, Anne Ngonde Muli
Variables That Impact Incidence Of Diarrhea Amongst Under-Five In Uganda, Anne Ngonde Muli
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Diarrhea in children remains a major public health problem in Uganda and other countries in the region and acts as one of the leading contributors to child mortality. Most of the risk factors for diarrhea in children are preventable. This study, guided by the socioecological model, was conducted to investigate the association between the occurrence of diarrhea in children and length of breastfeeding, coinfection with acute respiratory infection (ARI), and vaccination status of the child. These variables were identified in the literature as risk factors for diarrhea that had not been investigated in Uganda. The source of the data for …
Geographic Variations In Antenatal Care Services In Sierra Leone, Eunice Nyambura Chege
Geographic Variations In Antenatal Care Services In Sierra Leone, Eunice Nyambura Chege
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite antenatal care presenting opportunities to identify and monitor women at risk, use of recommended antenatal care services remains. Barriers preventing use of antenatal services vary between countries, and limited knowledge exists about the link between geographical settings and antenatal service use. The objective of this cross-sectional quantitative study was to explore geographical variations and investigate how social demographic characteristics affect use of antenatal care for women in Sierra Leone using the Andersen behavioral model. The data used were from the 2016 maternal death surveillance report of the whole counrty (N =706). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the …
Access To Primary Care In Pennsylvanian Rural Townships, Ann Eneh
Access To Primary Care In Pennsylvanian Rural Townships, Ann Eneh
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Access to primary care is limited in rural communities across the United States. Evidence supports primary care as the cornerstone of healthcare. The purpose of this project was to explore community perceptions of barriers to primary care access with the aim of learning about ideas for possible interventions that could improve primary care access for Mifflin County residents. Penchansky and Thomas's model of healthcare access provided the theoretical framework for this qualitative phenomenological study. Using a community-based research approach, semistructured, open-ended telephone interviews and qualitative surveys were conducted with 26 participants, including physicians, nurses, and residents. Data were analyzed using …
Strategies For Improving Healthcare Efficiency While Reducing Costs, Jean Calvin Tchatchoua
Strategies For Improving Healthcare Efficiency While Reducing Costs, Jean Calvin Tchatchoua
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In comparison to the European healthcare system, the U.S. healthcare system has lower quality care, higher costs, and covers a smaller percentage of the population. Despite the high costs, the U.S. healthcare system remains dysfunctional. The purpose of this exploratory single case study was to identify the strategies that some healthcare managers in a hospital setting in the midwestern region of the United States use to improve efficiency while decreasing healthcare costs. Complex adaptive systems theory was used to frame this study that included face-to-face interviews with 6 highly experienced healthcare managers. Data were collected from audio recorded interviews and …
Social Inclusion Outcomes For An Organization's Adolescent Parent Intervention, Anayra Ivette Tua
Social Inclusion Outcomes For An Organization's Adolescent Parent Intervention, Anayra Ivette Tua
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The study institution is a non-profit organization with a model developed from the continuous implementation of needs assessments of the families of adolescent parents in Puerto Rico, with the purpose of increasing their social inclusion potential. Addressing social exclusion and stigmatization of adolescent parents is vital because it generates a dual benefit for social interactions and growth. The social inclusion concept used and further elaborated for adolescent mothers is described by researchers as the level of access to engaging with institutions and societal relationships. This program evaluation was developed to understand the outcomes and effectiveness of the organization's social inclusion …
Perceptions Of First-Time Antiguan And Barbudan Mothers Towards Breastfeeding And Weaning, Janelle Dion Charles-Williams
Perceptions Of First-Time Antiguan And Barbudan Mothers Towards Breastfeeding And Weaning, Janelle Dion Charles-Williams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Antigua and Barbuda, in the eastern Caribbean, is one of several countries with exclusive low breastfeeding rates and premature weaning. Researchers have demonstrated that babies exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months of life are better protected from childhood diseases and experience a better quality of life into adulthood, while early weaning is associated with morbidity and mortality. However, at 6 weeks postpartum, only 30% of Antiguan and Barbudan mothers are exclusively breastfeeding. Researchers have explained why mothers in general cease exclusive breastfeeding prematurely: insufficiency of breast milk, returning to paid employment, lack of social support; but an explanation specific …
Young Female College Millennials' Intent For Behavior Change With Wearable Fitness Technology, Andrea Christine Haney
Young Female College Millennials' Intent For Behavior Change With Wearable Fitness Technology, Andrea Christine Haney
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Among young college-aged females, overweight and obesity, type 2 diabetes, uncontrolled hypertension, and high stress levels have increased, causing overall worse health conditions than previous generations. The use of wearable fitness technology (WFT) by young adults assists in fitness and nutrition monitoring, provides feedback in health statistics, and has shown improvements in reducing health-related issues in young college females. A wide body of literature related to physical activity, nutrition, and health issues in young college females exists; however, the experiences and intent of WFT use for behavior change by young college female millennials has not been well researched. The purpose …
Racial/Ethnic Differences In The Treatment Of Elderly Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients, Cheryl Mokrzecky
Racial/Ethnic Differences In The Treatment Of Elderly Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients, Cheryl Mokrzecky
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Racial and ethnic disparities related to lung cancer treatments and outcomes are not fully understood but may be due to individual or institutional factors. Following established national cancer treatment guidelines may improve patients' quality of life, outcome to treatment, and facilitate the eradication of lung cancer. There are limited data on the real-world treatment of racial/ethnic groups with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) according to clinical practice guidelines, therefore this population-based cohort study examined the receipt of first line treatment for advanced or metastatic NSCLC according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) practice guidelines. The Social Cognitive Theory served …
A Staff Education Project And Screening Tool To Identify Calciphylaxis, Janice Pennington
A Staff Education Project And Screening Tool To Identify Calciphylaxis, Janice Pennington
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Calciphylaxis is a deadly disease seen primarily in patients with end stage renal disease. Literature indicated that improved patient outcomes are seen with routine screenings. Many dialysis providers lack fundamental knowledge that would enable early identification of calciphylaxis in patients with renal disease. The purpose of this project was to design a screening instrument and develop a staff education program that would transform calciphylaxis management by promoting early identification and treatment of the disease. Knowles's theory of andragogy was used as the theoretic framework for the project. Dialysis center staff (n = 26) participated in the education. The number of …
The Impact Of Diabetes And Obesity In The African American Population, Andrea Lynette Swails
The Impact Of Diabetes And Obesity In The African American Population, Andrea Lynette Swails
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Within the 21st century, Type II diabetes has emerged as a public health crisis. African Americans and Hispanic Americans have the highest rates of Type II diabetes and obesity compared to European Americans. The purpose of this DNP project was to teach medical assistants (MA) to provide self-management of diabetes and obesity for the African American population in the local clinical setting. An educational tool kit for health providers was developed to guide the educational project. The chronic care model was used to guide the development of the educational toolkit. A pretest posttest design was incorporated into the educational program. …
Analysis Of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment Adherence In An Inner-City Clinic, Yvonne Washington-Turay
Analysis Of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Treatment Adherence In An Inner-City Clinic, Yvonne Washington-Turay
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
More than 10 million people in the United States are known to have latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and more than 300,000 begin treatment for LTBI annually. However, many fail to adhere to therapy for numerous reasons. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the impact of a new guideline, Targeted Tuberculin Testing and the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis, at inner-city tuberculosis (TB) control clinic in the United States. The practice-focused question for the project asked if the implementation of the clinical guideline using a shorter regimen improved LTBI treatment adherence. The health beliefs model was the framework used to …
County Health Leadership And Readiness For Noncommunicable Disease Services, Paul Wekesa Agunga
County Health Leadership And Readiness For Noncommunicable Disease Services, Paul Wekesa Agunga
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Premature mortality resulting from the growing global burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is a contemporary development challenge. Low-income and lower-middle-income countries are disproportionately affected, with the poorest in society considered the most vulnerable. A paucity of literature exists on how leadership practices at the implementation level relate to ensuring readiness for NCD services. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether any relationship exists between leadership practices at the county level and readiness for NCD services in Kenya. Path-goal and adaptive leadership theories were used to guide this quantitative correlational study, using secondary data from a 2013 Service Availability …
Factors Affecting Colorectal Cancer Screening Among African-Born Immigrants In The United States, Chidoziri Chibundu
Factors Affecting Colorectal Cancer Screening Among African-Born Immigrants In The United States, Chidoziri Chibundu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Despite the evidence that colorectal cancer screening is effective in reducing the incidence of and mortality from colorectal cancer, racial and ethnic disparities in colorectal cancer screening persist in the United States. African-born immigrants in the United States have lower colorectal cancer screening rates than native-born Americans. The purpose of this quantitative, retrospective, cross-sectional study was to examine how family income, health insurance status, language of interview, length of stay in the United States, perceived health status, level of education, and having a usual place for medical care affect colorectal cancer screening among African-born immigrants in the United States. The …
Perceived Cardiovascular Risk Among West Africa Immigrants In Dekalb County, Georgia, Oluwayomi Fabayo
Perceived Cardiovascular Risk Among West Africa Immigrants In Dekalb County, Georgia, Oluwayomi Fabayo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
West African immigrants appear to carry a heavier burden of hypertensive heart disease than the native-born African Americans in the United States. In this study, I used the socioecological model theory as a guide to examine the association between perceived stress, length of stay in United States, smoking status, housing conditions, and the risk of hypertensive heart disease among West African immigrants, ages 18 - 54 years in DeKalb County, Georgia. In this quantitative, cross-sectional design, self-reported data were collected from a sample of West African immigrant (N=107) in the DeKalb County of Georgia, using a demographic data/screening sheet and …
Predictors Of Binge Drinking In High School Youths In Montgomery County, Maryland, Lum M. Fube
Predictors Of Binge Drinking In High School Youths In Montgomery County, Maryland, Lum M. Fube
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Underage drinking is a major problem in the United States, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. About 43,000 deaths a year result from binge drinking in youths at a cost of $24 billion in 2010 to the U.S. economy. The purpose of this quantitative dissertation was to examine the predictors of binge drinking in high school youths in a highly racial diverse community of Montgomery County, Maryland. The social ecological model was the theoretical framework used for this study due to the presence of both personal and contextual factors that influence behavior. Using binary logistic regression to analyze data from …
Hiv Testing Service Utilization Among Men And Women In Dominica, Carol Rosetta Jno.Baptiste-Smith
Hiv Testing Service Utilization Among Men And Women In Dominica, Carol Rosetta Jno.Baptiste-Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Voluntary HIV/AIDS testing and counselling (VHTC) is one of the preventive measures used in many countries to decrease the spread of HIV/AIDS. Archived data from National HIV/AIDS Response Program's (NHARP) raw 2016 dataset were used to identify relationships and to assess significant differences between sociodemographic factors and selected sexual risk behaviours versus VHTC practices among adults 18 years and older who resided in Dominica. The health belief model was used as the framework for this cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 982 participants (40% [394] men and 60% [588] women). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess associations between sociodemographic and …
Impediments Of Self-Managed Type 2 Diabetes In Mgbidi Women, Nigeria, Augustina Oha
Impediments Of Self-Managed Type 2 Diabetes In Mgbidi Women, Nigeria, Augustina Oha
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Type 2 diabetes is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia that affects fat, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism. Researchers have identified that for individuals with Type 2 diabetes, staying on interventions for diabetes self-management is sometimes difficult and challenging. It is an increasing public health concern, especially in certain minority populations and in many developing and developed nations. This is especially true for the population of women 40 years and older in Mgbidi, Nigeria. In the Enugu State of Nigeria, women bear most of the burden of Type 2 diabetes when compared to the males in the state. …
Neighborhood-Level Predictors And Obesity Among African-American Children, Uche Onyeka
Neighborhood-Level Predictors And Obesity Among African-American Children, Uche Onyeka
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The steady raise in childhood obesity is a major public health problem nationally and globally. Childhood obesity is primarily caused by an imbalance between caloric intake and caloric expenditure. The increase in childhood obesity rates over the past 3 decades suggested involvement of environmental and behavioral factors in the obesity epidemic. While childhood obesity is considered a public health crisis in the United States, only limited research is available about the potential impact of neighborhood-level factors such as access to healthy food, neighborhood safety, and risk-free outdoor playgrounds. The purpose of this study was to examine if any relationships existed …
The Lived Experiences Of Managing Uncertainty In Chronic Illness, Amanda Brown
The Lived Experiences Of Managing Uncertainty In Chronic Illness, Amanda Brown
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Chronic illness is an increasing concern in the United States as the CDC reports that about 50% of adults have at least 1 chronic illness. When individuals must adjust to chronic illness they may experience uncertainty regarding the illness, prognosis, and symptoms. The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of individuals living with uncertainty in chronic illnesses. A Merle Mishel's uncertainty in illness theory was the framework used to explore the lives of individuals diagnosed and living with chronic illness. In-depth interviews were conducted with 8 individuals who have chronic disease; data were audio-recorded …