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Articles 1051 - 1080 of 2122
Full-Text Articles in Public Health
Obesity, Snoring, Sleep Apnea, And Coronary Heart Disease, Maryam Khalilah Muhammad
Obesity, Snoring, Sleep Apnea, And Coronary Heart Disease, Maryam Khalilah Muhammad
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a significant public health issue that affects communities across all socioeconomic and demographic groups. Risk factors for CHD include sleep apnea and snoring. Obesity with short sleep duration also places individuals at higher risk for CHD. Although limited research has been conducted on CHD and its relationship to obesity, sleep apnea, and snoring as individual risk factors for CHD, a gap exists as these factors had not been studied as paired in this study. The purpose of this quantitative, cross sectional study was to determine if a significant relationship existed between obesity, snoring, sleep apnea, …
Factors Associated With Hepatitis B Vaccination Among Asian Adults (≥ 18 Years) In The United States., Naana Abena Ohemeng-Tinyase
Factors Associated With Hepatitis B Vaccination Among Asian Adults (≥ 18 Years) In The United States., Naana Abena Ohemeng-Tinyase
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the United States, hepatitis B disproportionately affects Asian and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs). Hepatitis B related liver cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among Asian Americans. Despite the proven significant economic, health, and social effect of hepatitis B virus, immunization rates remain low. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between sociodemographic factors (age, marital status, gender, work experiences), health status factors (chronic disease, nonchronic disease), health behavior factors (smoking, alcohol intake, tobacco use, physical activity), and hepatitis B vaccination among Asian adults (≥ 18 years) in the United States. The main theory that frames …
Education To Improve Health For Rural Africa American Women With Diabetes, Monique Deidre Pendleton
Education To Improve Health For Rural Africa American Women With Diabetes, Monique Deidre Pendleton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Diabetes (DM) is the 7th leading cause of death in the United States. Minorities like Hispanics and African Americans (AA) are at greater risk of developing DM. The prevalence and outcomes affecting diabetes are attributed to socioeconomic status, sex differences, ethnic, cultural, and religious status. Diabetes-related mortality is a major health problem in AA in rural America. The focus for this project was to identify the best evidence regarding educational counseling on lifestyle modifications that positively impact adult AA women with diabetes living in Rural America. The social-ecological theory and health belief model informed this project because these models incorporate …
Parental Characteristics And Lead Knowledge In The Minimization Of Environmental Lead Exposure, Trina Yvette Redford
Parental Characteristics And Lead Knowledge In The Minimization Of Environmental Lead Exposure, Trina Yvette Redford
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A method for guiding lead intervention and minimizing lead exposures in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (PA) is through understanding the relationship between lead knowledge and parental characteristics such as gender, age, income, marital status, and education attainment. Parental characteristic may play a significant role in the identification of population groups where knowledge pertaining to lead exposure is inadequate. Through awareness and intervention, preventive measures can be implemented to minimize and eliminate lead exposure. The theoretical concept used in this quantitative study was Krieger ecosocial theory. The ecosocial theory provides guidance and analyzes differences in existing health relationships, especially those with biological and …
Relationship Between Clostridium Difficile Testing Method, Antibiotic Treatment, And Clinical Symptoms, Jennifer L. Sanguinet
Relationship Between Clostridium Difficile Testing Method, Antibiotic Treatment, And Clinical Symptoms, Jennifer L. Sanguinet
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, making the infection a top public health priority. Early and accurate identification of disease is a critical factor in successful management, including clinical symptomology. The testing methods for C. difficile have improved in efficiency and sensitivity, which potentially causes over- or underprescribing behavior. Guided by the symbolic theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between C. difficile testing method by case year (2015 and 2018) and antibiotic treatment with the potential moderation of clinical symptoms. The secondary correlational analysis …
Association Between Mentoring Interventions And Drug Abuse Among African Americans Aged 10-24 Years, Anthonia Ifeyinwa Dunkwu
Association Between Mentoring Interventions And Drug Abuse Among African Americans Aged 10-24 Years, Anthonia Ifeyinwa Dunkwu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Drug abuse represents a significant public health problem worldwide, with socioeconomic consequences shaped by a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena and serious social, physical, emotional problems. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between mentoring interventions and drug abuse among African American young people. The health belief model was the theoretical framework. The secondary data analysis was done using the data set from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. The dependent variable was drug abuse, while the independent variable was mentoring interventions. The Chi-square analysis revealed an association between participation in school-based …
Predictors Of Use Of Pap Tests Among Ghanaian Immigrant Women In Ohio, Baaba Forson
Predictors Of Use Of Pap Tests Among Ghanaian Immigrant Women In Ohio, Baaba Forson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the United States, cervical cancer disproportionately affects members of ethnic minorities, including immigrant women from Ghana. Overall cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates have declined in the United States due to opportunistic screening with Pap tests; however, rates have not declined for Black women and immigrant women, who continue to experience higher than average mortality rates. Immigrant women, including Ghanaian women, use screening less than nonimmigrant women. Several factors including poor acculturation, low educational level, certain personal attitudes, and lack of health insurance are known to reduce participation in screening. Using the theory of planned behavior as a guide, …
Relationship Between Clostridium Difficile Testing Method, Antibiotic Treatment, And Clinical Symptoms, Jennifer L. Sanguinet
Relationship Between Clostridium Difficile Testing Method, Antibiotic Treatment, And Clinical Symptoms, Jennifer L. Sanguinet
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, making the infection a top public health priority. Early and accurate identification of disease is a critical factor in successful management, including clinical symptomology. The testing methods for C. difficile have improved in efficiency and sensitivity, which potentially causes over- or underprescribing behavior. Guided by the symbolic theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between C. difficile testing method by case year (2015 and 2018) and antibiotic treatment with the potential moderation of clinical symptoms. The secondary correlational analysis …
Child Marriage: Parents' Lived Experience Of Decision-Making Processes And Consequential Health Effects, Hadiza Yakub
Child Marriage: Parents' Lived Experience Of Decision-Making Processes And Consequential Health Effects, Hadiza Yakub
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Child or early marriage is increasingly recognized as a public health concern that poses significant health challenges for a young bride. This qualitative research explored child marriage among Hausa-Fulani ethnolinguistic communities in Northeastern Nigeria. Qualitative interviews were conducted with parents who married off their underage children. The central research questions relied on a theoretical foundation of social values theory and interpretative phenomenological analysis. The study results provide an in-depth understanding of the child marriage phenomenon by exploring parents' lived experiences and the role of a child bride's health in the decision-making process and illustrates how social values and norms drive …
Association Of State Tobacco 21 Law With Tobacco Consumption Among Youth, Rebecca Adamson
Association Of State Tobacco 21 Law With Tobacco Consumption Among Youth, Rebecca Adamson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The study is an investigation of the association between the Tobacco 21 Law and youth tobacco usage rates in Hawaii. Researchers have documented a gap in the research regarding the effectiveness of such laws. Several studies that have been conducted have shown mixed results. The purpose of this study was to better understand any association that may exist in Hawaii. The social ecological model (SEM) of health is the theoretical foundation for the study. The SEM of health includes five sources which influence health, and these consist of intrapersonal factors, interpersonal factors, institutional factors, community factors, and public policy. Tobacco …
Quality Of Life, Physical Activity, And Weight Status For A Sample Of Online Students, Walaa Awad
Quality Of Life, Physical Activity, And Weight Status For A Sample Of Online Students, Walaa Awad
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Obesity has been identified as a global health problem and a risk factor for many chronic diseases. While previous studies discussed the weight status and factors associated with overweight and obesity among adults enrolled in traditional universities, few studies have yet estimated the obesity rate among adults who choose online education. Guided by the social cognitive theory, this descriptive exploratory quantitative study used a survey to collect primary data from adult online students of three higher educational institutions. The survey examined the effect of quality of life and physical activity level on the weight status of the participants; taking into …
The Relationship Between Mental Illness And Mass Shooting, Priscilla Ngozi Chukwueke
The Relationship Between Mental Illness And Mass Shooting, Priscilla Ngozi Chukwueke
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractWhenever a mass shooting occurs, it impacts the immediate families of the perpetrator, victims, and the whole nation: emotionally and financially. The research on the association between mental illness (MI) and mass shooting fatalities is limited. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to explore the association between MI and mass shooting using the archival data of the Stanford University database of mass shootings in America from 2000 to 2016. The theoretical framework was based on Bronfenbrenner’s social-ecological theory and the cognitive-behavioral theory to explain socio-environmental factors that impact human growth and development. The results showed that the proportion …
Risk Factors Of Infant Mortality Disparity In Indian River County, Florida, Cecilia Miguelina Escorbore
Risk Factors Of Infant Mortality Disparity In Indian River County, Florida, Cecilia Miguelina Escorbore
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Infant mortality in the United States is a great concern to families, communities, and professionals in the public health field. More concerning is the infant mortality racial disparity, prevalent throughout the United States. The purpose of this study was to explore risk factors of infant mortality disparity in Indian River County (IRC), Florida. Using socioecological theory as the theoretical framework, this study explored whether there is an association between infant mortality among Black infants and geographic location as well as measures of socioeconomic status (age, educational level, health insurance status, and marital status) associated with infant mortality among Black infants …
Racial Disparities In Periconceptual Folic Acid Levels, Kelvin Gibson
Racial Disparities In Periconceptual Folic Acid Levels, Kelvin Gibson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Periconceptional folate level deficiencies are associated with birth defects of the brain and spinal cord, posing a significant public health problem. In 2009, Black and Hispanic women exhibited lower periconceptual folate levels and higher rates of folate-related birth defects compared with non-Hispanic White women, prior to enactment of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010. It is not known if improved access to prenatal care under the ACA narrowed the gap in mean periconceptual folate levels between non-Hispanic White, Black, and Hispanic women between 2009 and 2017. The purpose of this causal-comparative cross-sectional quantitative study was to determine whether there …
Socioeconomic And Health-Related Factors Affecting Congestive Heart Failure Readmissions, Jollibyrd Miguel Gusto
Socioeconomic And Health-Related Factors Affecting Congestive Heart Failure Readmissions, Jollibyrd Miguel Gusto
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Congestive heart failure (CHF) readmissions are frequent and costly, but preventable. These readmissions not only contribute to rising healthcare cost but also affect the quality of life of these individuals and their loved ones. Guided by the social ecology model for health for health promotion, the purpose of this study was to analyze the socioeconomic and health-related factors of CHF readmissions. The main hypothesis of this study was that there was a relationship between 30-day readmissions of individuals with CHF and their payer status, race, ethnicity, primary language spoken, living arrangement, and comorbidities in the dataset as identified in their …
Sexual Education, Sexual Initiation, And Contraceptive Use Among African American Young Women, Kineka J. Hull
Sexual Education, Sexual Initiation, And Contraceptive Use Among African American Young Women, Kineka J. Hull
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Unintended pregnancy is associated with adverse social, economic, and health outcomes making it a public health concern. African American (AA) women aged 18–24 are at higher risk of unintended pregnancy due to earlier sexual initiation and non-use, inconsistent, or improper use of contraceptive methods (CM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which receipt of formal sexual health education (FSHE) impacts age of sexual initiation and contraceptive use and selection of more effective CMs (ECMs) among AA women aged 18–24 (N = 242) who have sex with men. Driven by the reasoned action approach, 2015–2017 National …
Primary Care Physicians’ Knowledge And Perception Of The Impact Of Health Literacy On Patient Care, Lutrisha S. King
Primary Care Physicians’ Knowledge And Perception Of The Impact Of Health Literacy On Patient Care, Lutrisha S. King
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Until recently, many health literacy studies were completed from the patient and nurse perspective, while few focused on the physician perspective, specifically the primary care physician. The purpose of this study was to provide insight into the health literacy knowledge and education of primary care physicians and determine the association, if any, between physicians’ perceptions of patients’ limited health literacy and physicians’ use of health literacy communication techniques. The knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) framework directed this study. This framework posits that knowledge informs or influences attitudes, which leads to practices. The KAP framework was employed to answer the research …
Microvascular Disease And Chronic Kidney Disease In Persons With Diabetes In Grenada, Jennifer Elizabeth Lewis
Microvascular Disease And Chronic Kidney Disease In Persons With Diabetes In Grenada, Jennifer Elizabeth Lewis
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a set of pathophysiological reactions that impact the functionality of the kidney. The association between microvascular disease (MVD) and CKD as it relates to diabetes is important to the evaluation of organizational effectiveness in-hospital services planning as well as improving health outcomes. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to determine if there is an association between MVD and CKD severity in persons with diabetes. Using the socioecological model, the association between gender, age group, cigarette smoke, cigarette smoke frequency, alcoholic drink, alcoholic drink frequency, hypertension, albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) severity, cholesterol, sickling (i.e. persons …
Assessing School-Based Telehealth Utilization In Medically Underserved Communities, Danielle Wesley
Assessing School-Based Telehealth Utilization In Medically Underserved Communities, Danielle Wesley
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Medically underserved communities face challenges accessing health care services, and millions of Americans have no access to primary care. In many areas of the United States, the supply of primary care providers cannot keep up with the demand for health services. Newer healthcare delivery models are needed to address the issue. Using telehealth can augment the physician workforce shortages. The purpose of this quantitative dissertation is to examine the associations of telehealth utilization using a pediatric school-based telehealth model in Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSAs) in North Texas. Texas has many counties without a primary care provider, making them medically …
Environmental Barriers To Accessing Tertiary Prevention Among Hispanics Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes, Stella B. Biira
Environmental Barriers To Accessing Tertiary Prevention Among Hispanics Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes, Stella B. Biira
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the United States, Hispanics diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have not accessed tertiary level prevention, which is critical in diabetes management and the prevention of further complications. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between neighborhood crime, the absence of community health centers, the lack of culturally competent providers, the lack of public transportation, the residential setting, the distance to T2DM education classes, and access to tertiary prevention among Hispanics diagnosed with T2DM. The research was guided by the Andersen behavioral model. A sample size of N = 4,977 was used in the study, …
Family Rejection And Unprotected Sex Inlatino Gay Men, Juan Alejandro De Llano Montano
Family Rejection And Unprotected Sex Inlatino Gay Men, Juan Alejandro De Llano Montano
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The present work explored the role of family rejection on the sexual behavior of Latino gay men under the guidance of the minority stress model. Family rejection was analyzed as a distal stressor, self-esteem as a proximal stressor, and unprotected sex as the outcome. The hypotheses were tested using regression, mediation, and multiple regression of secondary data from the Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) community involvement project. The results suggested that family rejection is a weak predictor of low self-esteem and engaging in receptive unprotected sex with more partners. Low self-esteem did not mediate the relationship between …
Treatment Disparities In Black And Hispanic Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders, Charlotte Seiji Frey
Treatment Disparities In Black And Hispanic Children With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders, Charlotte Seiji Frey
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Disparity in diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among children has been studied; however, no known studies examining disparities based on severity of symptoms have been investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess the racial disparities in diagnosis and treatment that exist among children based on severity of symptoms. This cross-sectional quantitative analysis used data from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health and the theoretical foundation was guided by the behavioral model of healthcare utilization and help-seeking behavior for ADHD. Binomial logistic regression analysis showed an overall association between race and the diagnosis and …
Neighborhood Factors, Depression, And Body Mass Index Among Patients With Lupus In Georgia, Aisha L. Hill
Neighborhood Factors, Depression, And Body Mass Index Among Patients With Lupus In Georgia, Aisha L. Hill
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Elevated BMI (overweight and obesity) is a common health-related issue and affects more than half of the lupus population. Weight issues lead to additional health-related issues, such as heart disease and disabilities in the lupus population. To address the shortage of research focusing on this specific issue in the lupus population, one approach is a novel outlook on how neighborhood factors have the capability of determining or altering behaviors, such as physical activity, healthy eating, and healthy social relationships. Another variable to consider is depression and its capability of altering interactions, relationships, self-esteem, or even the inflammatory state of the …
Factors Associated With Flu Vaccination Status Among Older Hispanics In The United States, William Esteban Toledo Velazquez
Factors Associated With Flu Vaccination Status Among Older Hispanics In The United States, William Esteban Toledo Velazquez
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractOlder Hispanics in the United States are less likely to be vaccinated with the flu vaccine compared to older White Americans, despite being at higher risk of influenza-associated deaths and hospitalizations. A quantitative cross-sectional study based on the social ecological model was carried out to evaluate the influence of several sociodemographic and health factors on flu vaccination status among elderly Hispanic individuals in the United States. Logistic regression analyses were conducted using secondary data collected from 95,414 elderly Hispanic and White American 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System participants. Multivariate logistic regressions controlling for other variables revealed health care coverage …
Understanding Characteristics Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions In An Acute Care Hospital, Jordan Danyale Brautigam
Understanding Characteristics Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Readmissions In An Acute Care Hospital, Jordan Danyale Brautigam
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) not only face difficulties managing their disease but are also faced with a higher risk of being readmitted to a hospital after an initial visit for acute exacerbation of their condition. Despite hospitals’ many attempts to offset this burden, readmission reduction programs are not effective. The purpose of this quantitative study was to further research an organization’s specific population surrounding patient comorbidities, reasons for readmissions, and demographic characteristics that may lend insight into reasons for readmissions. The research design was a retrospective analysis of a health system’s electronic medical record with a …
Perceptions On Maternal Mortality Among The Ekpeye Community, Theresa Tenim Ogide-Alaeze
Perceptions On Maternal Mortality Among The Ekpeye Community, Theresa Tenim Ogide-Alaeze
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In Africa, especially Nigeria, maternal mortality is a public health issue among women of childbearing age (WCBA). WCBA living in the Ekpeye community located in Rivers state in Nigeria are at high risk of maternal deaths during pregnancy and labor or delivery. Data were obtained through key informant interviews with 9 relatives, friends, and health workers. The purpose of the key informant interviews was to identify perceived barriers that result in high maternal deaths and facilitators seen as promoters to reduce pregnancy-related deaths. The participants identified 11 core themes as contributors to maternal death: (a) postpartum death, (b) financial insecurity, …
The Relationship Between Cervical Cancer And Women Living With Disabilities In Kentucky, Carolyn Akakpo
The Relationship Between Cervical Cancer And Women Living With Disabilities In Kentucky, Carolyn Akakpo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractDespite many national interventions, cervical cancer (CC) rates persist, and in Kentucky (KY), CC incidence rates are on the rise. Additionally, women with disabilities face more barriers to secondary prevention and healthcare access, have more known risks, and experience more health disparities than women without disabilities. Given that 1 in 4 persons live with a disability, the purpose of this observational, cross-sectional, quantitative study was to explore the relationship between CC and women with disabilities as evidenced by reproductive cancer discharges from inpatient hospital (IHD) and outpatient services databases (OSD) so as to compare population-specific differences from social determinants of …
Health Systems Predictors And Trends Of Access To Vaccinations In 9 Sub-Saharan African Countries, Mirfin Mpundu
Health Systems Predictors And Trends Of Access To Vaccinations In 9 Sub-Saharan African Countries, Mirfin Mpundu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The purpose of this ecological quantitative study was to examine the predictors of health systems building blocks and their interactions in improving access and uptake of immunizations in nine sub-Saharan African countries. Immunization rates in this region remain lower than global targets leading to preventable diseases and mortality. Using the systems approach, the study examined the relationships among five independent variables: quality of service delivery, governance, vaccine supply, health financing, socioeconomic factors and the dependent variable, access to immunizations. Datasets from the WHO and UNICEF were used. Analysis included a series of descriptive statistics, logistic and linear regression, and correlations. …
Effects Of Psychiatric Hospital Closures On Local Jail Administrators, Correctional Staff, And Inmates, Mark Christian Lasko
Effects Of Psychiatric Hospital Closures On Local Jail Administrators, Correctional Staff, And Inmates, Mark Christian Lasko
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A series of psychiatric hospital closures has led to a movement of care for individuals with mental illness from state-run facilities to managed care centers. Many of the individuals who no longer reside in psychiatric hospitals have become ensnared in the criminal justice system. Correctional facilities have an increased burden to care for the needs of the mentally ill, but lack the training and facilities to do so adequately. In this study, the lived experiences of correctional staff who have experienced the process of a hospital closure were examined. Psychiatric rehabilitation and gatekeeper theories served as the theoretical framework for …
Lived Experiences Of African American Females With Breast Cancer Treatment Access, Tamika Chantey Smith
Lived Experiences Of African American Females With Breast Cancer Treatment Access, Tamika Chantey Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Breast cancer (BC) is a significant condition that can result in devastating outcomes without treatment. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore barriers to health care disparities among young African American females. The findings of this study may help to address gaps in knowledge, obtain insights in treatments, and comprehend lived experiences with BC. The theoretical framework for this study was Bronfenbrenner's social ecological theory. Data were collected from face-to-face interviews with 10 African American women ages 20 to 40. Data were then transcribed and coded. The findings of the study indicated that women required treatment plans, informative …