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Articles 1951 - 1980 of 2212
Full-Text Articles in Public Health
Germline Mutations In Chek1 And Chek2 In Women With Ovarian, Peritoneal, Or Fallopian Tube Cancer, Maria Isabel Harrell
Germline Mutations In Chek1 And Chek2 In Women With Ovarian, Peritoneal, Or Fallopian Tube Cancer, Maria Isabel Harrell
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological malignancy affecting women. Diagnosis often occurs late due to non-specific symptoms, but if detected early, there is excellent chance for survival. One of the most important risk factors is family history. Up to 24% of cases are due to inherited loss-of-function mutations in genes involved in the DNA damage response. The theory underlying hereditary cancers is Knudson's two-hit theory of cancer causation, where two hits are necessary for cancer to occur in an individual: one in the germline and one in the tissue. The genes, CHEK1 and CHEK2, are modulators of the DNA damage …
Needs Assessment For A Nurse Practitioner-Led Transitional Care Program, Maria Victoria Trinidad Salcedo
Needs Assessment For A Nurse Practitioner-Led Transitional Care Program, Maria Victoria Trinidad Salcedo
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The rising cost of health care and changes in healthcare delivery have prompted a need to improve continuity from the hospital to home. This scholarly project was initiated to assess the impact on patient outcomes related to initiation of a nurse practitioner-led transitional care program (TCP). Using the Diffusion of Innovations and Health Belief Models, the purpose of this study was to identify the impact of a TCP on improving the health of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), diabetes mellitus Type II (DM II), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD). The impact of the TCP was evaluated by a …
Completion Of Preventive Health Care Actions By Older Women With Hiv/Aids, Patricia Kay Correll
Completion Of Preventive Health Care Actions By Older Women With Hiv/Aids, Patricia Kay Correll
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has resulted in longer lifespans for HIV seropositive women in the United States, during which preventive health care is recommended. Failing to complete recommended cancer screening tests can result in cancer being diagnosed at a later stage with a poorer prognosis. The purpose of the study, based on the ecosocial theory, was to describe the sociodemographic and clinical variables of HIV seropositive women who failed to complete recommended screening tests for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers, and determine if the presence of hypertension, obesity, diabetes, depression, or tobacco use impacted the …
Vitamin D Deficiency And Immune Function In African American, Hiv-Infected Men, Rana H. Ismail
Vitamin D Deficiency And Immune Function In African American, Hiv-Infected Men, Rana H. Ismail
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Vitamin D deficiency is common in individuals diagnosed with HIV and is known for its detrimental health effects. Its recognition as a potent immune-modulator with possible immune health implications in HIV disease progression was the main impetus for this study. The association between Vitamin D and CD4 count falls short of being consistent and is too weak to allow conclusions. Similarly, the literature is inconsistent with regard to the impact of Vitamin D supplementation on CD4. This observational, retrospective chart review study aimed to explore the relationship between Vitamin D deficiency and CD4 count/percent, and to evaluate whether changes in …
Food Policy: Urban Farming As A Supplemental Food Source, Bessie Didomenica
Food Policy: Urban Farming As A Supplemental Food Source, Bessie Didomenica
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The distance between farms and cities and the limited access that some residents have to fresh foods can be detrimental to a city's capacity to feed people over time. This study addressed the under-studied topic of urban farming as a secondary food source, specifically by exploring the opportunities and limitations of urban farming in a large Northeastern city. Brundtland's food policy was the pivotal theory supporting food production to end global starvation, and was the link between environmental conservation and human survival. The research question for this study examined the potential food policy opportunities and limitations that assist urban farms …
The Association Of Gender And Socioeconomic Position With Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Adolescents, Quentin Oliphant
The Association Of Gender And Socioeconomic Position With Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Adolescents, Quentin Oliphant
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
This meta-analysis investigated the association of gender and socioeconomic position with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents. Public health professionals know the importance of physical activity level as a modifiable behavior; however, the literature has revealed that more research is needed on the association of sociodemographic variables like gender and socioeconomic position with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents. Using the physical fitness and health outcomes conceptual model as a guide, the overall effect sizes across studies were assessed as well as the moderators of study design, sample size, age, and country. A systematic review of literature identified a total of 18 peer-reviewed studies …
Impact Of Whole Grain Consumption Compliance On Gluten Sensitivity And Bowel Health, Sarah Anne Roberts
Impact Of Whole Grain Consumption Compliance On Gluten Sensitivity And Bowel Health, Sarah Anne Roberts
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
While many health benefits have been associated with increased whole grain consumption, current researchers have not considered if the consumption of whole grains in currently recommended or higher amounts actually leads to health problems, specifically to a correlated increase in gluten sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to determine if diets high in whole grains or those that met the recommended daily intake of whole grains help minimize or increase gluten sensitivity, and when whole grains are consumed as recommended if they cause more harm than good. The theoretical basis for this quantitative, cross sectional design was the precaution …
Support Of Maternity Care Practices To Increase Breastfeeding Among First-Time Mothers, Jessica Strauch
Support Of Maternity Care Practices To Increase Breastfeeding Among First-Time Mothers, Jessica Strauch
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Breastfeeding offers numerous health benefits to both the mother and infant, yet it is not routinely practiced due to a number of internal and external factors that influence the mother's decision. Guided by the social ecological model, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of required reporting to The Joint Commission on perinatal measures, a proxy measure for maternity care practices, and those professional effects on breastfeeding initiation and exclusivity for first-time mothers. The hypotheses were that the mandatory reporting, and thus an increase in maternity care practices, would increase the initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding …
The Impact Of Immigration Variables On Tuberculosis Rates In South Carolina, Lisa J. Dimitriadis
The Impact Of Immigration Variables On Tuberculosis Rates In South Carolina, Lisa J. Dimitriadis
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
After HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB) is the deadliest single infectious agent worldwide; globally in 2013, 1.5 million people died of the disease. Although TB infection rates in the United States are low compared to that of other countries, TB still remains a threat to public health in the U.S., especially among immigrant populations. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between the independent variables of immigration status, years of residence, and race/ethnicity and the dependent variable of TB infection within South Carolina between 2006 and 2012. To examine these possible relationships, this quantitative study employed the ecological …
Outcome Evaluation Of A School-Based Program For Pregnant And Parenting Girls, Angela Lynn Glynn
Outcome Evaluation Of A School-Based Program For Pregnant And Parenting Girls, Angela Lynn Glynn
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Research has indicated that effective parenting programs for pregnant and parenting teens greatly improve educational and career opportunities for teen parents. Such research underscores the need for schools to use these programs in their efforts to increase high school graduation rates for this population. The aim of this case study was to assess if a school-based parenting program was successful and, if so, how elements of this program might be useful to educators who are planning similar programs. The study included an examination of archived program data, which included end-of-year reports related to the program and participants, and interviews with …
Predictors Of Knowledge Of Stroke And Intent To Call 911 Among African Americans, Hyacinth Idu Hyacinth
Predictors Of Knowledge Of Stroke And Intent To Call 911 Among African Americans, Hyacinth Idu Hyacinth
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Stroke is associated with significant health disparity and predominantly affects the elderly. Stroke outcome is significantly improved if an individual is able to get "clot-bursting" medication. A significant predictor of an on-time arrival to the emergency room for treatment in the event of a stroke is the ability to accurately recognize stroke signs and symptoms. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors (demographic, socioeconomic, and educational) that predict the knowledge of stroke signs/symptoms and intent to call 911 in the event of a stroke. The study was grounded in the social ecological theoretical model and analyzed archived …
Coalitions Members' Perceived Methods To Prevent Adolescent Marijuana Usage After Legalization, Lanise A. Hutchins
Coalitions Members' Perceived Methods To Prevent Adolescent Marijuana Usage After Legalization, Lanise A. Hutchins
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Community coalitions have had successful reductions in adolescent substance abuse, and the legalization of marijuana presents an opportunity for these coalitions to re-evaluate their current methods and messages for preventing adolescent marijuana usage. Using the theory of planned behavior, the purpose of this qualitative study was to determine how legalization of marijuana for recreational purposes affects the methods and messages of coalitions and how the coalition members perceive their efforts to reduce adolescent marijuana usage post-legalization in Colorado. Participants were obtained by recommendations from the executive director in each of four coalitions. A purposive sample of 12 coalition members was …
Exploring Yoga As A Holistic Lifestyle For Sustainable Human And Environmental Health, Julia A. Leischner
Exploring Yoga As A Holistic Lifestyle For Sustainable Human And Environmental Health, Julia A. Leischner
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Improved health indicators, mental and physical health outcomes, and sustainable lifestyle practices have been found among yoga practitioners. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of mixed styles of yoga practice on the health and behaviors of yoga practitioners. The relationship between yoga and body mass index (BMI), self-reported disease diagnosis, participation in other types of physical activity, adoption of healthy and sustainable lifestyle and dietary behaviors, perceived improvements in medical conditions that yoga was used to treat, quality of life resulting from yoga practice, and the reasons for beginning and continuing yoga were observed and tested …
The Association Of Maternal Health Literacy Levels And Preterm Birth, Aimee Moynihan
The Association Of Maternal Health Literacy Levels And Preterm Birth, Aimee Moynihan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
According to the CDC, each year approximately 0.06 % of the world's population dies in infancy. The March of Dimes indicated that the leading causes of infant mortality include birth defects, preterm birth, low birth weight, sudden infant death syndrome, maternal complications of pregnancy, and respiratory distress syndrome, most of which are considered preventable with access to adequate prenatal care by mothers. The goal of this study was to examine the association between maternal health literacy levels and preterm birth. This research was based on the theoretical framework of the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior. The hypothesis for this …
Predictors Of Physician Use Of The New Nia Alzheimer's Assessment Protocols, Richard Norman Schultz
Predictors Of Physician Use Of The New Nia Alzheimer's Assessment Protocols, Richard Norman Schultz
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Consensus is lacking on early diagnostic criteria and the exact symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A new, in-office test may help physicians detect the early symptoms of AD, based upon new National Institute of Aging (NIA) criteria. However, a gap exists in knowledge regarding physicians' current use or intent to use the new protocols. Choreographing the descriptive AD terminology in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV-TR and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) is recommended. Thus, the purpose of this study was to understand possible contributing factors to physician's use or intent to use of the new …
Technology As A Health Intervention And The Self-Efficacy Of Men, Karen Denise Maxwell
Technology As A Health Intervention And The Self-Efficacy Of Men, Karen Denise Maxwell
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Mortality rates in the United States are higher for men than they are for women as a result of chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. Despite these disproportionate rates, few health interventions are targeted to men, and limited knowledge exists regarding the specific components needed to design technology health tools to appeal to men. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between the use of technology health tools and the role of self-efficacy in men and the influence on participation in healthy lifestyle behaviors. A quasi-experimental design was used to analyze data collected …
Faculty Perceptions Regarding Best Practices In Clinical Dental Hygiene Assessment, Brenda Kaye Walstead
Faculty Perceptions Regarding Best Practices In Clinical Dental Hygiene Assessment, Brenda Kaye Walstead
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
This qualitative case study explored faculty perceptions regarding best practices and uses of assessment in a dental hygiene program at a small northwestern college. It was discovered that faculty in the program were assessing students in their clinical courses using widely varied methods, designs, and scoring tools. Faculty neither calibrated processes nor communicated about this problem. In addition, a review of the assessments in this local setting indicated a significant gap in the current guidelines for best practices in clinical assessment procedures. Knowles' adult learning theory served as the foundation for this study. Research questions were designed to obtain clinical …
Practice Guidelines For Self-Management Of Osteoarthritis Pain In The Home-Based Settings, Oyesola Omowunmi Akintan
Practice Guidelines For Self-Management Of Osteoarthritis Pain In The Home-Based Settings, Oyesola Omowunmi Akintan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating chronic illness that can prevent older adults from accomplishing their activities of daily living or ambulate without pain. The project's purpose was to develop and disseminate multidisciplinary educational practice guidelines to nurses for use in older homebound male Veteran's Administration OA patients to improve home-based pain management and self-care preventative strategies. Orem's theory of self-care management constituted the theoretical framework. The design was a quality improvement project and involved formation of 6 panels of interdisciplinary teams who reviewed the American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) guidelines. The ASA and OARSI …
Facilitating Weight Tolerance Among Health And Fitness Majors Toward Obese Persons, Stephanie Boss
Facilitating Weight Tolerance Among Health And Fitness Majors Toward Obese Persons, Stephanie Boss
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Weight bias exists in some health-related degree programs. Overweight and obese persons who experience weight bias in health-related services often delay or avoid medical attention altogether. Guided by the attribution theory, the purpose of this sequential explanatory study was to examine weight bias among health majors at a southwest regional university to illuminate how attitudes can affect the level of care provided to overweight persons. The Attitudes toward Obese Persons (ATOP) scores from a convenience sample of 184 health majors revealed that participants' scores were found to be significantly lower than the midpoint (60) of the ATOP scale, M = …
Nitrate In Private Wells:Knowledge, Oppinions,And Perceptions Of Stakeholders, Augustus D. Jaja
Nitrate In Private Wells:Knowledge, Oppinions,And Perceptions Of Stakeholders, Augustus D. Jaja
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine data describing nitrate concentration and cases of congenital cardiac defects. Residents with private wells and other stakeholders need data to make informed environmental decisions about the adverse health implications of nitrate contamination of private well water. Researchers have examined the exposure of nitrate in contaminated groundwater, but they have not examined nitrate levels in unregulated water systems. This gap in the literature highlighted the need to provide nitrate data for future research and private well users. Guided by the social ecological model, a quantitative, cross-sectional, nonexperimental design was used to survey …
Psycho-Social Resilience And Risky Hiv Behaviors Among Black Males Who Have Sex With Males, Wilson Osaro Iyokho
Psycho-Social Resilience And Risky Hiv Behaviors Among Black Males Who Have Sex With Males, Wilson Osaro Iyokho
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The incidence rate of HIV among Black males having sex with Black males (BMSM) is high compared to that of other racial groups. Researchers have established the association between inappropriate sexual practices, age, income, and environmental determinants and HIV positive status among BMSM. Guided by resilience theory, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between HIV risk behavior and resiliency with the goal of identifying a new intervention to mitigate the HIV infection rate in the BMSM community. The theoretical framework used for this study was the resilience theory. This theory is concern with the phenomenon of …
Correlations Between Childhood Obesity And Obesogenic Environmental Variables Within Durham County, North Carolina, Eureka Capri Daye
Correlations Between Childhood Obesity And Obesogenic Environmental Variables Within Durham County, North Carolina, Eureka Capri Daye
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The application of geographic information systems was used to map obesogenic conditions by zip code tabulation areas in Durham County, North Carolina and evaluated associations between those conditions and the understudied area of early childhood obesity. Of the thirty one percent of the children in Durham County, North Carolina who were considered obese in 2010, four hundred and thirty three (1:5) 2 - 4 year old children who received supplemental nutrition services for women, infants and children were obese with BMI levels greater or equal to the 95th percentile and were used as the criterion variable in the study (N=433). …
Prehospital Staffing And Road Traffic Accidents: Physician Versus Trained Nonphysician Responders, Timothy A. Grant
Prehospital Staffing And Road Traffic Accidents: Physician Versus Trained Nonphysician Responders, Timothy A. Grant
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Road traffic deaths, which affect people in their productive years, are projected to be the third leading cause of death by the year 2030. While most studies have focused on road infrastructure and vehicle safety, this study examined something new: the impact of prehospital response to road traffic accidents on the rate of death. Some countries send physicians to the scene of an accident; some send paramedics or registered nurses. The question this research sought to answer was whether the use of physician responders resulted in a lower rate of death compared to the use of nonphysician responders. The literature …
The Effects Of Barriers Toward Fighting Childhood Obesity Within Head Start, Vanessa Chaney
The Effects Of Barriers Toward Fighting Childhood Obesity Within Head Start, Vanessa Chaney
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Childhood obesity is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and poses a health care burden. Child care facilities serve at the forefront in fighting childhood obesity among preschoolers. Since 2009, a significant shift has occurred in studying child care settings among children aged 3-5 in North Carolina and South Carolina in response to the rising rates of obesity in this population. Some of the hypothesized determinants of childhood obesity among preschoolers in North Carolina and South Carolina are outdoor activity, staff behavior, center's size and location. The purpose of this study was to investigate if significant relationships exist between childhood …
Glioblastoma Multiforme: Geographic Variations In Tumor Size, Treatment Options, And Survival Rate, Susan Rebecca Nohelty
Glioblastoma Multiforme: Geographic Variations In Tumor Size, Treatment Options, And Survival Rate, Susan Rebecca Nohelty
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a destructive brain cancer that results in death 12 to 15 months after diagnosis. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine if variations in tumor size at diagnosis, treatment options, and survival rate occur in GBM patients living in urban and rural areas of the United States. Using the behavior model of health services as the theoretical framework, this study used secondary data sets of GBM cases reported from 1988 to 2011 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Tumor size was measured in millimeters; treatment was evaluated by ascertaining the number of …
Perceived Factors Contributing To Coronary Heart Disease In African American Women, Funmilola O. Sholanke
Perceived Factors Contributing To Coronary Heart Disease In African American Women, Funmilola O. Sholanke
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
African American women (AAW) suffer from disproportionately high death rates due to coronary heart disease (CHD) compared to Caucasian women. Although there have been a number of studies targeting African American adults with CHD in clinical interventions, very few studies have addressed the social determinants of health and the influence of AAW's perceptions of health factors on health outcomes. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to fill the gap in the existing knowledge base by examining the lived experiences of 10 AAW diagnosed with CHD with a focus on the perceptions of environmental, socioeconomic, and cultural factors related to …
Interpersonal Safety Of Active Duty Women In The Deployed Environment Of Bagram Afghanistan, Cynthia Tara Ferguson
Interpersonal Safety Of Active Duty Women In The Deployed Environment Of Bagram Afghanistan, Cynthia Tara Ferguson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In the United States Armed Forces, 30% of women in the military suffer physical assault each year; in 2009, there were 22 reported cases of sexual assault in the U.S. Central Command. Aggravated assault, gang violence, sexual assault, homicide, and suicide can damage the morale of military personnel at a deployed site and collectively cost millions of dollars over time. Interpersonal violence in the United States military is destructive to the military system and directly diminishes mission readiness. This study was designed to illuminate the environmental, cultural, and political influences that affect interpersonal safety among military women in the deployed …
School Administrator And Staff Member Perceptions Of A Teenage Pregnancy Prevention Program, Sharon Lacretia Mcconnell-Smith
School Administrator And Staff Member Perceptions Of A Teenage Pregnancy Prevention Program, Sharon Lacretia Mcconnell-Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Mississippi is among the states with the highest teenage pregnancy rates, and the study site is among the high schools with the highest teenage pregnancy rates in the state. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to identify successful practices and areas for improvement in the implementation of a teenage pregnancy prevention program (TPPP) at the study site based on the perspectives of school administrators and staff members. Bandura's social cognitive theory provided a conceptual framework for considering behaviors and the social contexts in which they occur. Twelve participants were interviewed, including 3 administrators and 9 staff members. Data …
A Couple’S Marital Disharmony And Its Psychological Effects On Their Children During The Hiv Disclosure Process In Kenya, Grace Gachanja
A Couple’S Marital Disharmony And Its Psychological Effects On Their Children During The Hiv Disclosure Process In Kenya, Grace Gachanja
Walden Faculty and Staff Publications
Limited published data exists on how HIV-positive parents perform disclosure to all their children. A couple’s HIV disclosure experience to all their children is presented. They participated in a larger study conducted to understand the lived experiences of HIV-positive parents and their children during the disclosure process. Each underwent individualized in-depth semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed and transferred into NVivo 8 for analysis using the Van Kaam method. Three themes emerged including HIV testing, full disclosure delivery accompanied by marital disharmony, and postdisclosure psychological effects on the family. Marital disharmony and non-involvement of the father caused the mother to fully …
Information Technology And Childbirth Education, Debra Henline Sullivan
Information Technology And Childbirth Education, Debra Henline Sullivan
Walden Faculty and Staff Publications
Information Technology and Childbirth Education