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Articles 1231 - 1260 of 2212
Full-Text Articles in Public Health
Logistical Resource Capability During A Mass Casualty Event In Washington State, Todd Devin Brauckmiller
Logistical Resource Capability During A Mass Casualty Event In Washington State, Todd Devin Brauckmiller
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The need for increasing efficiencies for medical resource delivery during a mass casualty incident/event is a paramount logistical planning factor that could mean life or death to the citizens affected by a disaster. As such, Washington State has prioritized emergency management and preparedness. Using the just-in-time system by way of Baghbanian' s complex adaptive decision-making theory as the foundation, gave purpose to this qualitative study. This was accomplished by analysis of emergency management professional responses, and to what degree, improvements can be made to the medical resource delivery system during a mass casualty incident/event. Data were collected through semi structured …
Survey Of U.S. Undergraduate Self-Reported Opioid Diversion And Heroin Use, Motives, Sources, And Collective Efficacy As Mediating Factors, Mark Francis Plaushin
Survey Of U.S. Undergraduate Self-Reported Opioid Diversion And Heroin Use, Motives, Sources, And Collective Efficacy As Mediating Factors, Mark Francis Plaushin
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Epic morbidity and mortality, and intractability make prescription opioid diversion a wicked problem. Meanwhile, college undergraduates are vulnerable to opioid misuse and its consequences. The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess U.S. undergraduate students' opioid misuse and the relationship between mediating factors. The study's theoretical framework rested on Wakeland's et al. opioid system model and Shaw and McKay's social disorganization theory. This study bridged the gap, measuring collective efficacy and testing its relationship to undergraduate decisions to regulate misuse. Thus, research questions focused on gauging the problem's scope and assessing relationships between factors that drive or potentially regulate …
Social Support And Glycohemoglobin Level Among Older Adults, Emma O. Fakiya
Social Support And Glycohemoglobin Level Among Older Adults, Emma O. Fakiya
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Diabetes is a public health concern among older adults in the United States due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes among this age group and the associated long-term and financial impacts. Self-management is a key strategy in the control of diabetes. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between social support and glycohemoglobin level. The social cognitive theory was the conceptual framework for this study. The research questions were designed to determine whether social support played a role in diabetes management. Data were collected using a cross-sectional survey of secondary data from the 2007-2008 National Health …
Blood Lead Testing Guideline Development For A Public Health Department, Becky Sue Johnson Himes
Blood Lead Testing Guideline Development For A Public Health Department, Becky Sue Johnson Himes
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A lack of consistent, evidence-based practices for blood lead testing of children existed in a local public health department (LHD). No known blood lead level is safe, and toxicity can result in behavioral and cognitive impairments. The purpose of this project was to develop and analyze a clinical practice guideline to establish blood lead testing procedures in the LHD to improve testing procedures and enhance future testing within the jurisdiction. The RE-AIM framework was used to address the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of the clinical practice guideline. Five experts evaluated the guideline using the Appraisal of Guidelines for …
Hydraulic Fracturing And Cause-Specific Mortality: A Multicity Comparative Epidemiological Study, Uzoma C. Nduka
Hydraulic Fracturing And Cause-Specific Mortality: A Multicity Comparative Epidemiological Study, Uzoma C. Nduka
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Cause-specific mortality (CSM), among other global health estimates, has garnered prominence in the contemporary public health field. CSM has been associated with several factors, however, research comparing CSM for prefracking versus postfracking periods is sparse. Hydraulic fracturing or fracking is a technique of extracting oil and gas from deep underground. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference among mean CSM scores from 1975 through 2015 in the available cities and counties of residence in Colorado and to determine the impact of gender, marital status, county of residence, and city of residence on CSM scores (prefracking period 1975-1977 …
Toxic Air Discharge And Infant Mortality: Effects Of Community Size And Socioeconomics, Khabira Salter
Toxic Air Discharge And Infant Mortality: Effects Of Community Size And Socioeconomics, Khabira Salter
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Living in counties where manufacturers release environmental toxins, such as those tracked by the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) toxic release inventory (TRI), may elevate infants' health risks. Because infant mortality (IM) is a strong indicator of a population's health status, it is an important topic in public health research. The purpose of this research was to examine the potential relationships between IM, community size, and factors related to mothers' SES in counties where more than 25,000 pounds of annual toxic air releases occur. The dependent variable was IM per 1,000 live births in a given community for each of the …
Impact Of Community Factors On The Donor Quality Score In Liver Transplantation, Giovanna Saracino
Impact Of Community Factors On The Donor Quality Score In Liver Transplantation, Giovanna Saracino
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
An increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome and obesity has been linked to the rise in transplant indication for cryptogenic cirrhosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), creating a growing challenge to public health. NAFLD liver transplant (LT) candidates are listed with low priority, and their waiting mortality is high. The impact of community/geographic factors on donor risk models is unknown. The purpose of this study was to develop a parsimonious donor risk-adjusted model tailored to NAFLD recipients by assessing the impact of donor, recipient, transplant, and external factors on graft survival. The theoretical framework was the social ecological model. Secondary …
Risk-Taking Behaviors Of First-Generation Sub-Saharan African-Born U.S. Resident Men, Henry K.J. Sinyangwe
Risk-Taking Behaviors Of First-Generation Sub-Saharan African-Born U.S. Resident Men, Henry K.J. Sinyangwe
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
African-born residents of the United States have a higher incidence of HIV than African Americans. Factors such as lifestyle, habits, behavior practices, and activities may predispose African-born residents to behave sexually in ways that place them at risk of becoming infected with HIV. This study used a qualitative narrative approach to understand the lived experiences first generation Sub-Saharan African-born men who are U.S. residents to analyze the behaviors that expose them to HIV. To analyze data, the study used the health-belief model as the conceptual framework and NVivo for data analysis to assist in identifying, categorizing, and analyzing common themes …
Nursing Program Progression Requirements And Student Success At A U.S. Community College, Deborah Joleen Cipale
Nursing Program Progression Requirements And Student Success At A U.S. Community College, Deborah Joleen Cipale
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Although licensed registered nurses (RNs) comprise a significant percentage of the U.S. health care workforce, there is a lack of qualified nurses to meet patient needs. This shortage is expected to intensify as practicing nurses leave the profession. The problem that prompted this study was that an attrition-reduction program implemented in the nursing program at a U.S. midwestern community college did not show a reduction in the average attrition rate. The academic integration construct of Tinto's theory of student departure was used to examine archival academic performance records of 145 students enrolled in the local program from 2010 to 2012. …
Community Health Worker's Perceptions Of Integration Into The Behavioral Health Care System, Juliette Swanston Jenkins
Community Health Worker's Perceptions Of Integration Into The Behavioral Health Care System, Juliette Swanston Jenkins
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Mental illness in the United States is a major public health problem. According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, in 2017, 18.9% of adults in the United States had a mental illness. The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the perceptions held by community health workers (CHWs) regarding their integration into the behavioral health care system in Maryland. Using a social constructivism paradigm and phenomenological approach, a purposive sample of 11 CHWs who supported patients with behavioral health conditions in 17 counties in the state were interviewed. Howlett, McConnell, and Perl's five stream confluence …
Experiences And Attitudes Of Older Homeless Women Toward Healthcare Access, Mary Ann Mueller
Experiences And Attitudes Of Older Homeless Women Toward Healthcare Access, Mary Ann Mueller
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Homelessness among older women is a growing problem in many metropolitan areas of the United States. Researchers have indicated that health issues and problems accessing basic care are connected. Older homeless women face increased health issues, multiple challenges related to accessing basic care, and low incomes which put them at higher risk of becoming homeless, staying homeless, and delaying medical treatment. The homeless who lack fulfillment of social support and timely medical care are considered repetitive users of the emergency department and hospital stays. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experiences and beliefs of older homeless …
Noncompliance With Follow-Up Visits In Primary Care, Amanda Michelle Northern
Noncompliance With Follow-Up Visits In Primary Care, Amanda Michelle Northern
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
No-show appointments, also referred to as missed appointments, occur 23% to 34% annually in general practice care settings. Missed appointments can lead to reduction in appointment availability, decrease in provider/staff productivity, patient/provider discordance, disruption in continuity of care, and reduced quality of care. There is a gap in the nursing literature regarding effective interventions to reduce missed appointments. The purpose of this quality improvement, secondary analysis project was to determine whether implementation of an evidence-based no-show, nurse-led intervention would reduce missed appointment rates in a family medicine practice. The health belief model and the plan, do, study, act model guided …
African American Masculinity And Its Influence On Hypertension-Related Behaviors, Tangee Denise Thomas
African American Masculinity And Its Influence On Hypertension-Related Behaviors, Tangee Denise Thomas
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
High blood pressure (hypertension) is known to be one of the leading factors that directly contributes to heart disease and stroke, which are the first and third leading causes of disabilities and death in the general U.S. population. The prevalence of high blood pressure among African American men in the United States ranks as one of the highest in the world. Research indicates the roots of this phenomenon are found in physiological, psychosocial, cultural, and socioeconomic factors differentially affecting the African American population. The purpose of this study was to examine the interaction between African American males' masculine perspective and …
Relationship Between Elevated Blood Pressure/Hypertension In Military Personnel And The Stress Of Combat Deployment, Stephen James Pinkerton
Relationship Between Elevated Blood Pressure/Hypertension In Military Personnel And The Stress Of Combat Deployment, Stephen James Pinkerton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Few studies about elevated blood pressure in the U.S. military exist in which researchers examined exposure to combat and its association with elevated blood pressure. The purpose of this quantitative research was to describe the extent of association between those who were exposed to combat deployment, were 40 or older, and were overweight or obese and had elevated blood pressure for U.S. military personnel who deployed to an area of declared combat between 2012 and 2017. The conceptual basis of this research was best represented by the determinants of health model. Chi-square correlation revealed that being older (equal to or …
Managing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder In Emergency Personnel: A Qualitative Case Study, Jason Lee Brooks
Managing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder In Emergency Personnel: A Qualitative Case Study, Jason Lee Brooks
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The material in current emergency medical services (EMS) curricula is insufficient to prepare prehospital emergency medical care personnel recognize the signs and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) within their workforce. Prehospital emergency textbooks focus on treating patients affected with PTSD, but there is very little included about how EMS professionals may also be affected. Moreover, supervisors and managers of EMS agencies receive very little education on workforce PTSD in their personnel. The purpose of this study was to understand the educational preparation of EMS supervisors in order to develop a PTSD-awareness course. The research question investigated the educational preparation …
Meanings Of Preconception Health To Overweight Women In An Economically Depressed County, Valeria Ninette Balogh
Meanings Of Preconception Health To Overweight Women In An Economically Depressed County, Valeria Ninette Balogh
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The intention-behavior gap between receiving professional health information and transitioning to improved health behaviors prior to conception is not well understood. In order to improve preconception health across the board, a more integrative understanding of the problem must present itself. This study combined elements from the theory of planned behavior, self-determination theory, and the bioecological model of human development as it's foundation. Qualitative phenomenology and semistructured face-to-face interviews were used to gain a deeper understanding of the ways in which nine overweight and obese women described preconception intentions and beliefs and the bioecological experiences leading to those beliefs. Interpretation of …
The Experience Of Older Homeless Females With Type 2 Diabetes, Joan Jacqueline Downes
The Experience Of Older Homeless Females With Type 2 Diabetes, Joan Jacqueline Downes
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experience of older homeless females who have type 2 diabetes mellitus. Women who have stable housing often find it difficult to manage their diabetes; for those who are homeless, managing the disease is even more difficult. This chronic disease has impacted people all over the world and decreased their quality of life. However, people who are homeless may be at a higher risk of this stressful illness. Managing glycemic levels is a crucial factor in decreasing the adverse results in type 2 diabetes. In this study, face-to-face interviews were conducted …
Factors Associated With Pesticide Resistance In Culex Mosquitoes, Jude Akpan
Factors Associated With Pesticide Resistance In Culex Mosquitoes, Jude Akpan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
In recent years mosquito-borne diseases have reemerged, largely because of pesticide resistance. The mosquitoes develop resistance to pesticides because of broad and repeated uses of pesticides. Preventing the development of pesticide resistance requires proper understanding of the environmental factors potentially associated with the development of the resistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the environmental factors associated with the resistance to pesticides by the Culex mosquitoes. This correlational study included the analysis of archived data samples (N = 29,794) from the Field Cage Tests results conducted between 2013 and 2017 by a large county public health department. The …
Merging Pay-For-Performance And Technology To Impact Patient Outcomes, Daaiyah Nimat Akram
Merging Pay-For-Performance And Technology To Impact Patient Outcomes, Daaiyah Nimat Akram
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Pay-for-performance (P4P) programs improve the effectiveness, quality, and overall value of healthcare. In today's world of advanced technology and changing trends, physician organizations hesitate to adopt P4P program methodology. A gap in the literature was identified, as there were no guides found that explained how to implement P4P initiatives that improved quality of care. The purpose of this study was to gain a better understand-ing of P4P, and the phenomenology of practice theory was applied to obtain different perspectives about P4P programs and how incorporating technology improved quality of health provisions. Basic qualitative methodology was used, and semistructured telephone interviews …
Perceptions Of Economic, Health, And Environmental Effects Of Hydraulic Fracturing In Indiana, Juliana Bayowa
Perceptions Of Economic, Health, And Environmental Effects Of Hydraulic Fracturing In Indiana, Juliana Bayowa
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Effects of hydraulic fracturing (HF) have become a controversial public health issue in the United States. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore community members' perceptions of economic, health, and environmental effects of HF in Gibson County, Indiana. The conceptual framework was adapted from the health belief model and was named the HF health impact belief model (HFHIBM). Data were collected from stratified purposeful non-randomly selected 32 Gibson community members, using semi structured questionnaires, complete observations, and existing documents. Stratification was based on factors influencing perception, such as, gender, race, level of education, age or technology exposure, …
Emotional Intelligence And Sociodemographic Status In Associate Degree Nursing Students, Melanie Renee Benington
Emotional Intelligence And Sociodemographic Status In Associate Degree Nursing Students, Melanie Renee Benington
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Emotional intelligence (EI) is essential for providing quality and competent care in the nursing profession. Because nurses need to be competent in EI, it is important to determine if inherent factors and academic performance contribute to the development of EI. The purpose of this study, guided by the 4-branch ability model of EI by Mayer and Salovey, was to examine the relationship of EI levels and academic performance, gender, and ethnic background in associate degree nursing (ADN) students who attended a community college. Using convenience sampling, 110 ADN students completed the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test and sociodemographic data. Data …
Relationships Between Sle Disease Activity And Damage, Depression And Work Productivity Impairment In The Georgians Organized Against Lupus Study, Karen Mancera-Cuevas
Relationships Between Sle Disease Activity And Damage, Depression And Work Productivity Impairment In The Georgians Organized Against Lupus Study, Karen Mancera-Cuevas
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease that can affect all organs of the body. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to examine SLE-related issues associated with depression and work-productivity impairment, and to assess if depression mediated the relationship between SLE disease activity and damage and work-productivity impairment. Participants were 257 residents of the state of Georgia in the United States with SLE and were recruited from the Georgians Organized Against Lupus study. Bandura's social cognitive theory was the guiding theoretical framework of the study. Findings showed that the majority of participants worked full time …
Faith Leaders' Experiences On Health Counseling Provided To Their Congregation, Latangee Degrace Dickens
Faith Leaders' Experiences On Health Counseling Provided To Their Congregation, Latangee Degrace Dickens
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Numerous faith-based organizations (FBOs), denominations, and religious groups are represented in the United States. Faith leaders have the responsibility of addressing the spiritual needs of the congregation; however, the health needs of parishioners may be a point of discussion faith leaders should address. Communities surrounding FBOs may have limited health care services, lack transportation, and have serious health issues. The purpose of this phenomenological qualitative study was to explore the experiences of faith leaders on giving health counseling to their congregation. Faith leaders play an essential role in providing health counseling on various health topics to their congregation and community. …
Child Malnutrition In A Developing Country: A Persistent Challenge In Haiti, Jeanne M. Constant-Edma
Child Malnutrition In A Developing Country: A Persistent Challenge In Haiti, Jeanne M. Constant-Edma
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Malnutrition is characterized by the insufficient intake of certain nutrients and the inability of the body to absorb or use these nutrients. This health problem continues to be a persistent challenge among children under 5 years of age in developing countries, including Haiti, despite food aid provided. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between dietary habits in children under 5 years of age in Haiti and their malnutrition status. Community organization theory was used to determine the association between determinants of health such as dietary habits, parents' knowledge and experience, cultural eating habits, socioeconomic status, and …
Community Risk Factors And Health Inspection Violations In Mississippi Delta Census Tracts, Chrystal S. Early
Community Risk Factors And Health Inspection Violations In Mississippi Delta Census Tracts, Chrystal S. Early
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
A concerning public health issue in America is about food deserts urban and rural communities that lack grocery retailers that offer affordable, nutritious, and diverse foods. Empirical evidence has shown significant associations between neighborhood disadvantage/disorder risk factors of high poverty and high percentages of ethnic minority residents with presence/ absence of healthy food retailers in food deserts. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study, framed by the disparities in food safety conceptual model, was to examine if county-level poverty, number of African American residents, number of elderly (i.e., age 65 or older) residents, vehicle ownership, and crime rates were significantly …
Effects Of Nonadherence To Hiv/Aids Drugs On Hiv-Related Comorbidities In Eastern Nigeria, Chizomam Laura Ojukwu
Effects Of Nonadherence To Hiv/Aids Drugs On Hiv-Related Comorbidities In Eastern Nigeria, Chizomam Laura Ojukwu
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Developing countries like Nigeria continue to have HIV epidemic challenge due to the scarcity of evidence-based information and lack of resources to boost HIV education. The study population, Owerri, is one of the states in Nigeria with a high incidence rate of HIV. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experiences of people living with HIV/AIDS regarding the effects of nonadherence to HIV/AIDS drugs. The integrated theory of health behavior model provided the framework for the study. I collected, transcribed, and analyzed interview data to identify clusters and themes. Results showed that various factors influenced and (e.g., …
Predictors And Risk Factors Of Ebola Virus Disease In Sierra Leone, Kandeh Kamara
Predictors And Risk Factors Of Ebola Virus Disease In Sierra Leone, Kandeh Kamara
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Sierra Leone had the highest number of cases of Ebola virus disease in history during the 2014 Ebola epidemic. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between sociocultural and behavioral risk factors and Ebola status among women and men ages 15 to 49 years in Sierra Leone. The ecological model served as the theoretical framework. Secondary data were collected from the Sierra Leone Ebola Disease Survey. Results of chi-square tests revealed that attending a funeral (p = .001), touching a dead body at a funeral (p = .023), contact with a sick person (p = …
Body Weight Self-Perceptions And Experiences Of Nigerian Women Immigrants, Fatimah Binta Ali
Body Weight Self-Perceptions And Experiences Of Nigerian Women Immigrants, Fatimah Binta Ali
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Low-income immigrants in the United States experience declining health with increasing length of stay in the country. Their declining health over time has been associated with increased smoking, obesity prevalence, and higher risk for developing diabetes and heart disease. How immigrants perceive their body weight and size, influenced by social interaction, culture, gender, and acculturation is also significant to healthy weight maintenance. Not knowing one's healthy weight could result in body weight misperception and resistance to attaining a healthy weight. The aim of this qualitative study, based on the social constructivist framework, was to understand Nigerian women immigrants' (NWI's) body …
Assessing Medical Expenditure Disparities Among U.S. Adults With Hiv Or Cardiovascular Diseases, Lorraine Nnacheta
Assessing Medical Expenditure Disparities Among U.S. Adults With Hiv Or Cardiovascular Diseases, Lorraine Nnacheta
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Older adults with infectious and chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are at high risk for associated chronic comorbidities, which are associated with increased medical expenditures to cover treatment costs. The purpose of this study was to investigate (a) whether adults 65 or older with either HIV or cardiovascular disease were predisposed to increased medical expenditures versus adults 64 and younger, and (b) the impact of race and type of health service used on total direct medical expenditures incurred among adults with HIV or cardiovascular disease. A quantitative, deductive, retrospective cross-sectional design was used, and …
The Effects Of Breastfeeding Support On Women Enrolled For Wic Benefits, Judith Marie Khanuja
The Effects Of Breastfeeding Support On Women Enrolled For Wic Benefits, Judith Marie Khanuja
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Breastfeeding has been shown to protect both the mother and infant, and health care professionals consider it to be the best choice for feeding an infant. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides food, referrals to other social service programs, and nutrition and breastfeeding education for enrolled families. However, community support for the breastfeeding woman once she leaves the hospital is limited, especially in Philadelphia, PA. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to explore the impact of prenatal breastfeeding education and understand the role that members of the community play in the infant feeding …