Public Health Commons^™

Between Lives And Economy: Optimal Covid-19 Containment Policy In Open Economies, Wen-Tai Hsu, Hsuan-Chih Luke Lin, Yang Han

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper studies optimal containment policy for combating a pandemic in an open-economy context. It does so via quantitative analyses using a model that incorporates a standard epidemiological compartmental model in a multi-country, multi-sector Ricardian model of international trade with full-fledged input-output linkages. We devise a novel approach in computing optimal national policies in the long run, and contrast these policies with a baseline in which countries maintain their current policies until vaccine availability. The welfare gains under optimal policies are asymmetric as the gains for the set of countries which should tighten up the containment measures are much larger …

Midline Report: Accelerating Action To End Child Marriage In Bangladesh, Masuma Billah, Eashita Haque, Surojit Kundu, Md. Saddam Hossain, Momoe Makino, Sajeda Amin

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

This report describes results from the midline survey of Accelerating Action to End Child Marriage in Bangladesh. The objective of the program is to identify effective and scalable approaches to end child marriage by empowering girls and communities. To bring about social norms change, the program experiments with alternative means of community engagement that can be offered in conjunction with skills-development opportunities for adolescent girls. The program is being assessed in a multi-arm cluster randomized trial. This report explores the impact on the prevalence of child marriage in two districts of Bangladesh as well as on a range of other …

Race, Ethnicity, And Insurance: The Association With Opioid Use In A Pediatric Hospital Setting, Louis Ehwerhemuepha, Candice D. Donaldson, Zeev N. Kain, Vivian Luong, Michelle A. Fortier, William Feaster, Michael Weiss, Daniel Tomaszewski, Sun Yang, Michael Phan, Brooke N. Jenkins

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Background

This study examined the association between race/ethnicity and health insurance payer type with pediatric opioid and non-opioid ordering in an inpatient hospital setting.

Methods

Cross-sectional inpatient encounter data from June 2013 to June 2018 was retrieved from a pediatric children’s hospital in Southern California (N = 55,944), and statistical analyses were performed to determine associations with opioid ordering.

Results

There was a significant main effect of race/ethnicity on opioid and non-opioid orders. Physicians ordered significantly fewer opioid medications, but a greater number of non-opioid medications, for non-Hispanic African American children than non-Hispanic Asian, Hispanic/Latinx, and non-Hispanic White pediatric …

Steven Soderbergh, Contagion (2011), Aras Ozgun

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

No abstract provided.

‘Coronated’ Consumption In The Viral Market, Soonkwan Hong

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

The universal exposure to the virus has disrupted institutions, redefined values, and reshaped systems, including the market. Idling, uncertainty, and liquidity encapsulate the ever-precarious individual lives and the reflexive socio-politico-cultural changes. These conditions and consequences nonetheless create paradoxical opportunities in the viral market. The new meaning of connectivity that promotes high-viscosity relationships and high-visibility identities will transform the market to better acknowledge and support humans and the new sociality.

How The Covid-19 Pandemic Is Challenging Consumption, Marine Cambefort

Markets, Globalization & Development Review

COVID-19 has led consumers to question their consumption patterns. Although some management research has already highlighted consumption trends resulting from the virus outbreak, very few studies explore how the current pandemic challenges consumption. Three trends are identified: the downsizing of consumption, emergence of anti-globalization sentiments, and negative consumer reactions to the misconduct of brands/companies. First, the lockdown was an opportunity for people to test a simpler lifestyle by reducing their level of consumption, having realized that over-consumption does not make them happy and questioned its negative impact on the environment. Second, the pandemic may reinforce anti-globalization ideas, leading consumers to …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 6, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Reynolds, Easton. 8 Juveniles Responsible for Recurring Water Throwing Harassment
• Thornton, Maggie. Marching at a Distance – Marching Band
• Reynolds, Easton. Local Small Businesses Work to Recover from Pandemic Losses
• Hendricks, Allie & Preston Romanov. Art for All – SoKY Marketplace
• Cox, Alex. Editorial Cartoon re: Breonna Taylor
• Bunton, Gabrielle. I Choose Black Women Every Time
• Nash, Slim. Commissioner Candidate Slim Nash: Your Right to Vote is Special
• Hargrove, Matthew. Hilltoppers Look to Bounce Back Against Middle Tennessee State University – Football
• Kieser, Nick. Budget …

A Visit To The World Health Organization: Student Perceptions Of Interprofessional Learning After A Short-Term Public Health Study Abroad Course In Switzerland, Emma Apatu, Deborah M. Owen, Sericea Stallings-Smith, Aaron Spaulding, Hanadi Hamadi

Florida Public Health Review

There is a need for interprofessional learning in public health, and healthcare education and study abroad opportunities provide a unique context in which interprofessional programming can be integrated into the learning experience. Public health training programs have an important role in furthering interprofessional learning. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to describe a short-term study abroad course to examine students’ perceptions of interprofessional learning readiness after ten-day travel to Geneva. Mixed-methods design with pre- and post-assessments was used. The Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Survey was used to assess interprofessional learning of eleven participants. Quantitative analyses revealed that respondents had …

Message Appeals On An Instagram Account Promoting Seat Belt Use That Attract Adolescents And Young Adults: Elaboration-Likelihood Perspective Study, Ni Zhang, Stacy A. Drake, Kele Ding

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background:
Adolescents and young adults demonstrate the highest rate of unrestrained motor vehicle fatalities, making the promotion of seat belt restraint a priority for public health practitioners. Because social media use among adolescents and young adults has proliferated in recent years, it is critical to explore how to use this tool to promote seat belt use among this population. Social media posts can contain various types of information within each post and this information can be communicated using different modalities.
Objective:
In this study, based on the elaboration likelihood model, we aimed to examine how adolescents and young adults reacted …

First Science Pub Focuses On Hurricane Sheltering And Evacuating During The Pandemic, Dan Campbell

News Items

No abstract provided.

Availability Of Over-The-Counter Antibiotics In Guatemalan Corner Stores, Purificación Moreno, Alejandro Cerón, Karen Sosa, Marinees Morales, Laura M. Grajeda, Maria Renee Lopez, John P. Mccraken, Celia Cordón-Rosales, Guy H. Palmer, Douglas R. Call, Brooke M. Ramay

Anthropology: Faculty Scholarship

Widespread availability of antibiotics without prescription potentially facilitates overuse and contributes to selection pressure for antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Prior to this study, anecdotal observations in Guatemala identified corner stores as primary antibiotic dispensaries, where people purchase antibiotics without prescriptions. We carried out a cross sectional study to document the number and types of antibiotics available in corner stores, in four study areas in Guatemala. A total of 443 corner stores were surveyed, of which 295 (67%) sold antibiotics. The most commonly available antibiotics were amoxicillin, found in 246/295 (83%) stores, and tetracycline, found in 195/295 (66%) stores. Over the counter …

Wellness In The Helping Professions: Historical Overview, Wellness Models, And Current Trends, Ashley J. Blount, Dalena L. Dillman Taylor, Glenn W. Lambie

Journal of Wellness

Introduction

Wellness and the concept of holism have rich histories throughout the helping professions. However, Westernized medical models often promote the concept of treatment rather than prevention, limiting the helper’s ability to focus on wellness when working with clients/patients. Therefore, in order to support a re-integration to holistic wellness and the prevention of illness, and re-focus on a wellness ideology, we conducted a thorough theoretical overview of wellness in the helping professions to: (a) provide a historical overview of wellness in helping professions, (b) discuss prominent wellness models, (c) review wellness assessments, (d) present wellness supervision models, and (e) offer …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 5, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Murray, Debra. Voting in College
• Reynolds, Easton. WKU and Barnes & Noble Partner in 10-year Deal
• Latimer, Jacob. Online & Hybrid Courses Pose Challenge to Professors
• Dobbs, Jack & Anna Leachman. Last Ride: Beech Bend Park
• Lowe, Julianna. A Call to Mitch McConnell – Ruth Bader Ginsburg
• Stack, Madalyn. Editorial Cartoon re: Ruth Bader Ginsburg
• Bailey, Carlos. Bowling Green City Commissioner Candidate Shares Statement on the Importance of Voting in Local Elections
• Kieser, Nick. Football Fans Use New Ticketing App at Home Opener
• Hargrove, Matthew. …

A Century Later: Rural Public Health's Enduring Challenges And Opportunities., Erika C. Ziller Phd, Carly Milkowski Mph

Population Health

The US public health community has demonstrated increasing awareness of rural health disparities in the past several years. Although current interest is high, the topic is not new, and some of the earliest public health literature includes reports on infectious disease and sanitation in rural places. Continuing through the first third of the 20th century, dozens of articles documented rural disparities in infant and maternal mortality, sanitation and water safety, health care access, and among Black, Indigenous, and People of Color communities. Current rural research reveals similar challenges, and strategies suggested for addressing rural-urban health disparities 100 years ago resonate …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 4, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Bertucci, Leo. System Upgrade from Local Health Department Affects WKU’s COVID-19 Case Count
• Holland, Kelley. WKU Alum Works as Photojournalist for USA Today – Harrison Hill
• Latimer, Jacob. Nursing Students Employed at On-campus Clinic Assist with COVID-19 Testing
• Frazier, Keilen. Dried Out – Tobacco
• Gray, Tim. Better Together: Black Lives Matter
• Stack, Madalyn. Editorial Cartoon re: Social Distancing
• Send Students Home: WKU’s Campus Isn’t Safe
• Kieser, Nick. To the Mountains – Brooks LeCompte, Track & Field
• Warner, Casey. Hilltoppers to Host Liberty for Home Opener …

Practice-Based Learning: Establishing Simple Monitoring Systems To Support Sgbv Programming In Refugee Settings, Chi-Chi Undie, Josephine Ngebeh, Jane Harriet Namwebya, Michael Gaitho, George Odwe, Nachela Chelwa, Harriet Birungi, Michael Mbizvo

Reproductive Health

Implementers of sexual and gender-based violence programs in refugee settings are typically eager to learn about the extent to which their programs are making a difference in the lives of those they serve. Basic monitoring information can help address this imperative without unduly burdening program implementers with time-consuming evaluations. The Sauti/VOICE project is guiding adaptation and implementation of evidence-based SGBV interventions in refugee contexts. These interventions are implemented by UNHCR partners in eight countries in the East, Horn, and Great Lakes region of Africa. Although Sauti/VOICE is primarily focused on integrating tested SGBV interventions into refugee contexts, monitoring the implementation …

Practice-Based Learning: Medico-Legal Evidence Collection As Part Of Post-Rape Care In Refugee Contexts, Michael Gaitho, Ronald Kotut, Anne Ngunjiri, Jane T. Thiomi, Josephine Ngebeh, Chi-Chi Undie

Reproductive Health

Health care providers collect an array of documentation and specimens to support criminal investigations. Such documentation and specimens are referred to as “medico-legal” or “forensic” evidence, and in the case of rape, include a survivor’s documented injuries and emotional state at the time of examination, as well as samples and specimens from the survivor’s body or clothing. For survivors of rape and defilement who want to obtain legal justice, medico-legal evidence is critical. In African countries, health providers and the police are depended upon to ensure such evidence is collected, but medico-legal evidence collection can present challenges. Evidence-based interventions are …

Innovating The Study Of Context: Using A Qualitative Study On Subjugation And Resistance To Explore The Utility Of Foucauldian Governmentality As A Framework For Enriching Situational Analyses, Hannah Kia, Carol Strike, Daniel Grace, Lori E. Ross

The Qualitative Report

Situational analysis has, as an emerging poststructuralist approach to grounded theory, recently grown in use across a diverse range of disciplines and substantive areas. In this paper, we consider the complementarity of Foucauldian governmentality as a theoretical framework for supporting and enriching situational analyses. Our work is based on the findings of a recent study, informed by situational analysis, in which we interviewed 27 HIV-positive (n=16) and HIV-negative (n=11) gay men ages 50 and over about their health care experiences, and used these data to examine processes of subjugation and resistance reflected in their accounts. Drawing on our analytical process, …

Blood Transfusion: Knowledge, Perspectives, And Experiences Of Individuals With Sickle Cell Disease, Raymona H. Lawrence, Ashley Singleton, Jane Branscomb

Health Policy & Community Health: Faculty Publications

Patient voice and perspective were needed to inform effective, comprehensive strategies for reducing preventable transfusion-associated complications. This report presents the results of interviews with sickle cell disease (SCD) patients and implications for strategies to reduce transfusion complications in this population. Twenty-two participants were recruited from 2 comprehensive SCD treatment centers in Georgia and interviewed regarding knowledge about transfusions and potential complications, attitudes about data storage and sharing, and the transfusion experience. Participants had general knowledge of physiology, blood products, and blood transfusions, including knowing the risk of complications, but varied in comprehension of complex health information and level of misinformation. …

Preterm Birth Prevention In Appalachian Kentucky: Understanding Barriers And Facilitators Related To Transvaginal Ultrasound Cervical Length Surveillance Among Prenatal Care Providers, Anna Hansen, Mairead E. Moloney, Cynthia Cockerham-Morris, Jing Li, Niraj R. Chavan

Sociology Faculty Publications

Background: Appalachian Kentucky has higher-than-average rates of preterm birth (PTB)—a health disparity associated with increased maternal and fetal/neonatal morbidity and neonatal mortality. Transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) cervical length measurement is the best predictor of PTB risk, but is underutilized in Appalachia. This study explores prenatal care providers' TVU-related knowledge and practices, and identifies barriers and facilitators, which impact the adoption of this evidence-based technology.

Materials and Methods: This study recruited providers from three Appalachian Kentucky health care sites. Prenatal care providers took part in semistructured interviews and completed brief survey scales. Questions focused on PTB knowledge, TVU-related barriers, and suggestions for …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 3, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Reynolds, Easton. Coping with Crisis – Hurricane Katrina, COVID-19
• Bunton, Gabrielle. Students Adjust to Hybrid Classes During COVID-19 Pandemic
• Latimer, Jacob. WKU Student Lorena Silva Releases Springhouse
• Celebration Despite Separation
• Stack, Madalyn. Editorial Cartoon re: Zoom Meetings
• Marshall, Olivia. Navigating My Sorority in a Global Pandemic – Delta Zeta
• Warner, Casey. Review: Bowling Green Punk-rock Duo Releases Album – Dos Cobros
• Kieser, Nick. WKU Coaches Adapt to Postponed Season – Soccer, Volleyball
• Warner, Casey. Piggy-T – Tyrell Pigrome, Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Support the Players – …

A Lung Cancer Screening Personalized Decision-Aid Improves Knowledge And Reduces Decisional Conflict Among A Diverse Population Of Smokers At An Urban Academic Medical Center, Madeline Kaufman, Nilan Schnure, Andrea Nicholson, Frank Leone, Carmen Guerra

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Introduction: Few lung cancer screening decision aids have been tested in diverse populations. The study objective was to determine whether the online decision aid www.shouldiscreen.com impacts knowledge of and decisional conflict around lung cancer screening in a diverse population.

Methods: Eligible patients had significant smoking histories, were at increased risk for lung cancer (ages 45-80, >20 pack-years, smoking within last 15 years) and had no history of prior lung cancer or screening. Data was collected and analyzed in 2017.

Results: 40 patients were enrolled: 80% were female, 62.5% black, 33% white, and 48% had a high school …

Guide Lines Vol. Ii, Issue 6 - September 2020, College Of Health And Human Services

GUIDE Lines

Periodic Newsletter of the Governors State University - University of Illinois, Chicago - Disparities Education Cancer research training and education project (The GUIDE Project).

Patient Navigation And Cancer-Related Care: Policy Solutions To Improve Access To Pennsylvania’S Complex System Of Care, Nirmal Ahuja

Harrisburg University Faculty Works

In Pennsylvania, cancer patients experience disparate cancer-related health outcomes. Patient navigation, a patient-centered evidence-based approach effectively addresses barriers to care, and reduces cancer-related disparities and burden. We performed a literature search with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify literature emanating from the United States which potentially described the development, efficacy and cost effectiveness of patient navigation across the United States and in Pennsylvania. The results from this review signified that, over last two decades there has been a rapid growth in the field of patient navigation programs across the United States which includes the state of Pennsylvania. However, despite …

Racial Justice And The Image Of Public Health, Marilyn Fischer

Philosophy Faculty Publications

The City Commission in my hometown of Dayton, Ohio recently adopted a resolution declaring racism a public health crisis. In doing so, Dayton joins municipalities around the country, as the global pandemic of coronavirus COVID19 swirls around us. The Commission gave compelling reasons for their action, citing the disparate rates of poor health outcomes in African American communities, as well as disproportionately high rates of poverty, unemployment, economic distress, homelessness, incarceration, and inadequate education.1 The Commission’s commitment to remedy these inequities is welcome. Others have laid out this evidence in much detail; I want to focus here on public health …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 2, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Collins, Michael. Rough Start – COVID-19
• Thornton, Maggie. What a WKU Student Learned from Her Experience with COVID-19
• Harkreader, Dylan & Debra Murray. Programs That Rely On Hands-on Learning Adapt to Virtual Courses
• Meyer-Thornton, Zane. Keep It Going
• Hurst, Courtney, Robin Lester & Trenton Peyton. What Is Intercultural Student Engagement Center?
• Sisler, Julie. WKU Grad Student: It’s On the Administration, Not the Students
• Kieser, Nick. Football Takes Precautions to Kick Off Season COVID-Free
• Warner, Casey: Setting Up – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Making It Safe to …

A Case Study Of Ovc Case Management Through The Zambia Family (Zamfam) Project—Brief, Population Council

HIV and AIDS

The ZAMFAM program aims to improve the care and resilience of orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) as well as young people living with HIV in Zambia by providing support and protection and by strengthening the capacity of children, families, and the community to better manage the socioeconomic shocks of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. A case study approach was employed to understand actors and perceptions, and to document best practices by the program. This brief summarizes the case study findings. The ZAMFAM program utilized several approaches to improving the well-being of OVC. Services or referrals were provided to beneficiaries through home visitation …

A Case-Study Of Ovc Case Management Through The Zambia Family (Zamfam) Project, Lyson Phiri, Drosin Mulenga, Nancy Choka, Caila Brander, Nachela Chelwa, Nkomba Kayeyi

HIV and AIDS

Zambia’s HIV prevalence is estimated at 11% among adults aged 15–49 years and 1% among children younger than 15 years. An estimated 10% of Zambia’s population is at high risk of being orphaned or vulnerable due to the HIV epidemic. The Zambia Family (ZAMFAM) project aims to improve the care and resilience of vulnerable populations while supporting HIV epidemic control. ZAMFAM used a case management approach that tracks beneficiaries from identification to graduation. The Population Council conducted a qualitative case study to understand actors and perceptions, and document best practices. Program beneficiaries viewed the ZAMFAM program as having made a …

Mapping Geographical Inequalities In Access To Drinking Water And Sanitation Facilities In Low-Income And Middle-Income Countries, 2000–17, Aniruddha Deshpande, Robert C. Reiner Jr, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Local Burden Of Disease Wash Collaborators, 665 Co-Authors

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Background

Universal access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities is an essential human right, recognised in the Sustainable Development Goals as crucial for preventing disease and improving human wellbeing. Comprehensive, high-resolution estimates are important to inform progress towards achieving this goal. We aimed to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of access to drinking water and sanitation facilities.

Methods

We used a Bayesian geostatistical model and data from 600 sources across more than 88 low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to estimate access to drinking water and sanitation facilities on continuous continent-wide surfaces from 2000 to 2017, and aggregated results to policy-relevant …

Trainer Appropriation And Transfer Of A New Prevention Approach In Material Handling Based On Action Principles, Denys Denis, Maud Gonella, Marie Comeau, Martin Lauzier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Mise en contexte et objectif

Prenant acte du constat d’échec des formations à la manutention axées sur l’enseignement exclusif de la technique sécuritaire « dos droit – genoux fléchis », une nouvelle approche d’intervention dite « stratégie intégrée de prévention en manutention » (SIPM) a été proposée en 2011. Son originalité repose, entre autres, sur l’utilisation de neuf principes d’action permettant de comprendre et de commenter la richesse des techniques de manutention utilisées naturellement par les manutentionnaires dans leur milieu de travail. L’étude a pour objectif central d’évaluer l’appropriation et le transfert de la SIPM par un groupe d’intervenants formés …