Public Health Commons^™

Understanding The Impacts Of Emerging Infectious Disease (Eid) Media Exposure: The Case Of U.S. Ebola Virus Disease (Evd), Alicia Mason, Kevin Wright, Laura Lambert

Faculty Submissions

Introduction: Using the Extended Parallel Processing Model (EPPM) as a theoretical framework this study examines the impact of Ebola virus disease (EVD) media exposure on U.S. audience perceptions of the threat severity, personal susceptibility, and behavioral intentions to respond to the 2014 Ebola virus disease (EVD) threat.

Methods: Respondents included (n = 255) residents from the Midwest and Southern regions of U.S. Participants completed an online survey between 28 October and 3 December 2014 during the height of Ebola-related media coverage.

Results: Findings reveal that increased exposure to EVD media content was associated with increased threat severity and personal susceptibility. …

Substance Use Disorder Program Facilities In Detroit: A Geographic Analysis, Oksana Doubrovski

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Over 630,000 Michiganders have a substance use disorder (SUD) and about 80% are not receiving care (1). The rate of unmet need for SUD care in the Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia area is 81% (1). Geographic placement of facilities may serve as a barrier in patient access to SUD program services. This geographic analysis investigates current Detroit SUD program facility locations and their community demographics.

Methods: ArcGIS Pro was used to visualize and analyze data by creating 2D maps and tables. Data on SUD programs, medically underserved areas, and zip codes were retrieved from government data portals. Census tract data …

Employment Security In Egypt In Light Of The Covid-19 Pandemic: Rethinking Policies And Practices, Heba M. Khalil, Kareem Megahed

Faculty Journal Articles

Crises such as COVID-19’s have inequitable impacts on different countries, various population groups and diverse sectors of society and the economy. Areas of work and employment were met with a lot of challenges worldwide, and in particular in countries like Egypt with a large sector of vulnerable and precarious workers. This policy paper addresses the question of employment security both in response to crises such as COVID-19, and on the long term. To do so, the research maps ‘vulnerable work’, including informal labor, labor in the gig economy, self-employed and other types of precarious work. It then assesses Egypt’s policy …

Executive Summary- Social Protection In Egypt: Mitigating The Socio-Economic Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Vulnerable Employment, Dina Makram-Ebeid, Amr Adly, Nadine Sika, Hania M Sholkamy, Samer Atallah

Faculty Journal Articles

This is the executive summary of an interdisciplinary project between the fields of development economics, political economy, labor sociology, development anthropology and public health. It reviews the social protection available to vulnerable employees and their households in Egypt and suggests ways to adapt them in light of the COVID 19 pandemic. The research focuses on four areas a) employment security b) social assistance c) health insurance d) gendered mitigations. The project will map the impact of the crisis on vulnerable employees and their households and propose policy interventions to alleviate the socio-economic effects of the pandemic through the publication of …

Findings From The Merci Mon Héros Social Listening Endline Report, Breakthrough Research

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.

Mobile Phones Facilitation Of Health Promotion And Disease Prevention Initiatives: Health Students Initial Perspectives, Kwaku Anhwere Barfi Mr., Christiana Nsiah-Asamoah Dr, Rosemary Twum Dr, Daniel Kweku Ainooson – Noonoo Mr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Students are regarded as frequent users of mobile phones which has proven to be a convenient and acceptable method to promote healthy lifestyle. Students usually engage in relatively high levels of risky behavior and make unhealthy lifestyle choices, a study that investigates how health students access health information is necessary. The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional study which was undertaken among third-year nursing students from three nurses training institutions in Ghana. A total of 270 students participated in the study. Most of the respondents who were currently subscribers of the health messages reported that they usually received health information on …

Va Medical-Legal Partnerships: Implementation Guidance And Suggested Measures, Jennifer Trott, Kimberly Lattimore, Joel Teitelbaum, Marsha Regenstein

Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Expanding Public Insurance Eligibility Increases Substance Use Treatment Provider Acceptance Of Public Insurance And Increases Adolescent Access To Treatment, Sarah Hamersma, Catherine Maclean

Population Health Research Brief Series

Expanding eligibility thresholds for Medicaid and CHIP leads to increased access to and use of substance use treatment among adolescents.

"There Is Always Violence": An Exploratory Study Of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, Street-Involved Children, Jarrett D. Davis, Glenn M. Miles, Sean Blackburn, Erika Mosebach-Kornelsen

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

As the economic center of Cambodia, Phnom Penh has long been a hotspot for street-involved children and families. While violence is a common facet of life on the street, risk and vulnerability among children is notoriously difficult to measure. Most large-scale surveys tend to sample children within homes and schools, which overlook street-involved children who are commonly unregistered, irregularly attend school, and live outside of houses. This research paper is one of a series of studies on such groups in Southeast Asia. The study conducted 94 semi-structured interviews with street-involved children eight to 18 years of age in Phnom Penh. …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 15, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Bertucci, Leo. An Alumnus’ Journey to Shape Education – Gary Houchens
• Latimer, Jacob. Student Government Association Prepares for Another Unusual Semester
• Differing State & WKU Quarantine Guidelines Are Confusing, But It Has to Be Done
• Pepke, Brenna. The Man Behind the Tie – Tyreon Clark, Boys to Men Leadership Group of Kentucky
• Gaylord, Kaden. Hilltoppers Series Against Old Dominion Postponed – Basketball
• Snyder, Sean. Kicking It Again, Lady Topper Soccer is Back
• Kieser, Nick. Views: Charles Bassey Continues to Bulk Resume for NBA

Poll Finds Rural Residents More Hesitant To Get Vaccinated, Tim Marema

Journal of Appalachian Health

Rural residents are more hesitant than their metropolitan counterparts to get a Covid-19 vaccination, even though rural areas have higher rates of infections and deaths from the coronavirus.

Review Of: Ailing In Place: Environmental Inequities And Health Disparities In Appalachia, Jerome A. Paulson Md, Faap, Jennifer A. Mallow Phd

Journal of Appalachian Health

The Journal of Appalachian Health is committed to reviewing published media that relate to contemporary concepts affecting the health of Appalachia. The Appalachian environmental inequities and the health disparities we face have a direct effect on our experience of illness. Dr. Jerome Paulson reviews the book Ailing in Place: Environmental Inequities and Health Disparities in Appalachia.

Impact Of The Covid-19 Shutdown On Mental Health In Appalachia By Working Status, Erin N. Haynes, Timothy J. Hilbert, Susan C. Westneat, Kate Leger, Katie Keynton, Heather M. Bush

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: To slow the spread of COVID-19 in the United States, businesses shutdown in Spring 2020. Research has indicated the impact on frontline workers, yet little is known about the impact on those who were not working outside the home or switched to working remotely.

Purpose: The purpose of this report is to identify the financial and healthcare issues and mental health impact of the COVID-19 shutdown on Appalachians by worker categories.

Methods: An online survey was administered from May 8 – June 6, 2020 to a convenience sample of previous research participants and shared through social …

A Description Of Covid-19 Lifestyle Restrictions Among A Sample Of Rural Appalachian Women, Michele Staton, Martha Tillson, J. Matthew Webster

Journal of Appalachian Health

Background: COVID-19 has led to swift federal and state response to control virus transmission, which has resulted in unprecedented lifestyle changes for U.S. citizens including social distancing and isolation. Understanding the impact of COVID-19 lifestyle restrictions and related behavioral risks is important, particularly among individuals who may be more vulnerable (such as rural women with a history of substance use living in Appalachia).

Purpose: The overall purpose of this study was to better understand the perceptions of lifestyle changes due to COVID-19 restrictions among this vulnerable group.

Methods: The study included a mixed methods survey with a convenience sample of …

Students, Research, And The Health Of Appalachia, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md

Journal of Appalachian Health

The notion of publication in the peer-reviewed literature out of your doctoral or master’s thesis/dissertation or capstone is a characteristic of those who choose a career in the academy. This paper illustrates my pleasure by reflecting a student taking the additional step in research achievement by publishing results that contribute new knowledge to evidence-driven research and practice.

Remote Teaching Of Research Methods, Manoj Sharma

UNLV Best Teaching Practices Expo

Research Methods (PBH 360-1002) offered by the School of Public Health was taught remotely by Manoj Sharma to undergraduate students (primarily from public health) in Fall 2020. The specific teaching techniques that were used in teaching this course were delivery as remote learning, organizing the entire course in Canvas and making it available from day 1, recording all lectures beforehand in Panopto, utilizing cases studies, employing WebEx and its breakout sessions, and having skill-building activities in each module that were sequential. In this course, the fourth-generation multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change was utilized from a pedagogical perspective to …

Predicting Young Adults’ Intentions And Involvement In Alcohol-Influenced Aquatic Activity, Hannah L M Calverley, Lauren A. Petrass Ph.D., Jennifer D. Blitvich

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Globally, alcohol consumption is a public health issue and a risk factor for drownings among young adults. While studies have identified a prominence of alcohol in youth drownings, little is known about the factors that influence young adults’ involvement in alcohol-influenced aquatic activity. The current study aimed to identify the predictors of young adults’ intention to participate, and past participation, in alcohol-influenced aquatic activity. A reliable and valid survey, informed by the Theory of Planned Behavior, was distributed to young adults (aged 18-24 years) educated in the UK and Australia. Cumulative odds ordinal logistic regressions with proportional odds were …

Tb/Hiv Coinfection And Patient Outcomes: Evidence From 241 Clinics In The Democratic Republic Of Congo, Gulzar H. Shah, Raimi Ewetola, Gina D. Etheredge, L. Maluantesa, Kristie C. Waterfield, L.-K. Lukusa

Health Policy & Community Health: Faculty Publications

Background: To provide efficient, equitable, patient-centered, and evidence-based services to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH), it is critical for the intervention programs to understand the nature of barriers to effective treatment and additional risks faced by PLWH with tuberculosis (TB) coinfection. This study analyzes two aspects of TB coinfection in PLWH: (a) variation in TB/HIV coinfection by demographic and clinical characteristics of patients; and (b) risks of negative outcomes such as death, loss to follow up, and higher viral load among PLWH with TB coinfection compared to those without such coinfection.

Methods and materials: This quantitative study used …

Hiv Clinical Stage Progression Of Patients At 241 Outpatient Clinics In Democratic Republic Of Congo: Disparities By Gender, Tb Status And Rurality, Gina D. Etheredge, Raimi Ewetola, Gulzar H. Shah, L. Maluantesa, Kristie C. Waterfield, A. Mulenga, A. Kilundu

Health Policy & Community Health: Faculty Publications

Background: HIV clinical care programs are increasingly cognizant of the importance of customizing services according to patients’ clinical stage progression (WHO's four-tiered staging) and other risk assessments. Understanding factors associated with Persons Living with HIV (PLHIV) patients’ progression through the treatment cascade and clinical stages is essential for programs to provide patient-centered, evidence-based services.

Methods and materials: To analyze patient characteristics associated with disease progression stages for PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART), this quantitative study used data, from January 2014–June 2019, from 49,460 PLHIV on ART from 241 HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics in 23 health zones in Haut-Katanga and …

Retention And Predictors Of Attrition Among Children Living With Hiv On Antiretroviral Therapy (Art) In Côte D’Ivoire Between 2012 And 2016, F. Traore-Toure, Gina D. Etheredge, Gulzar H. Shah, C. Brennan

Health Policy & Community Health: Faculty Publications

Background: In Côte d’Ivoire a retrospective national-level cohort study conducted in 2009 indicated that 77%, 72% and 75% of children living with HIV (CLHIV) remained in care at 12, 36, and 48 months after starting ART, respectively. The CDC-sponsored Improving HIV Surveillance and Program Evaluation in Côte d’Ivoire project assessed retention progress since that study.

Methods and materials: A retrospective review of medical records was conducted using 2-stage cluster sampling. HIV care and treatment centers (CTC) were sampled based on patient caseload, then records of patients under 15 years of age who initiated ART between 2012–2016 were randomly …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 14, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Deppen, Laurel. In Loving Memory of Our Friend, Elliott Wells
• Collins, Michael. Quarantine Housing Relocates, Updates Meals
• Deppen, Laurel. The Only Consistent Thing is Change
• Mallon, Sam. Delayed – Maggie Smith
• Bertucci, Leo. WKU Aids in Contact Tracing for Spring 2021
• Murray, Debra. COVID-19 Vaccine
• Kieser, Nick. TOPCARE Focuses on Athletes’ Mental Health
• Toennies, Drew. Lady Toppers to Host Middle Tennessee State University – Basketball
• Gaylord, Kaden. Hilltoppers Poised for Second Sweep – Basketball

Houston Hurricane Harvey Health (Houston-3h) Study: Assessment Of Allergic Symptoms And Stress After Hurricane Harvey Flooding, Abiodun O Oluyomi, Kristen Panthagani, Jesus Sotelo, Xiangjun Gu, Georgina Armstrong, Dan Na Luo, Kristi L Hoffman, Diana Rohlman, Lane Tidwell, Winifred J Hamilton, Elaine Symanski, Kimberly Anderson, Joseph F Petrosino, Cheryl Lyn Walker, Melissa Bondy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: In August 2017, Hurricane Harvey caused unprecedented flooding across the greater Houston area. Given the potential for widespread flood-related exposures, including mold and sewage, and the emotional and mental toll caused by the flooding, we sought to evaluate the short- and long-term impact of flood-related exposures on the health of Houstonians. Our objectives were to assess the association of flood-related exposures with allergic symptoms and stress among Houston-area residents at two time points: within approximately 30 days (T1) and 12 months (T2) after Hurricane Harvey's landfall.

METHODS: The Houston Hurricane Harvey Health (Houston-3H) Study enrolled a total of 347 …

Relationship Between Physician Burnout And Patient’S Perception Of Bedside Time Spent By Physicians, Shannon Leung, Mukta Panda, Georgia Mcintosh, Nargiza Kurbanova, Anna-Carson Rimer Uhelski, Muhammad Mubbashir Sheikh, Rehan Qayyum

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Although the adverse effect of burnout on physicians has been widely documented, studies have shown an inconsistent relationship between burnout and the quality of patient care. We hypothesized that physician burnout will have an inverse relationship with the time spent at the bedside by physicians. In a cross-sectional study, we surveyed patients on their perception of the time spent by their physician on the day of the survey (4 categories: 0–5, 6–10, 11–15, > 15 minutes). Oldenburg Burnout Inventory was used to assess physician burnout; burnout was defined as high levels of both exhaustion (≥ 2.25) and disengagement (≥ 2.10). Among …

An Evaluation Of A Maternal Health And Extreme Heat Exposure Training, Adelle Dora Monteblanco, Jennifer K. Vanos, Sarah Leroy, Patricia M. Juarez, Gregg M. Garfin

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Growing empirical evidence documents the potential risk of extreme heat exposure to pregnant individuals. These risks include adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birth weight. Climate change will exacerbate extreme heat exposures to a large portion of the global population, and pregnant individuals need to understand the risks and protective measures needed. Maternal health workers are a key mechanism for conveying this information to pregnant individuals. The authors assess a training of maternal health workers in El Paso, Texas, through two research instruments. First, eight maternal health workers completed an educational workshop and consented to participation; pre- …

Effects Of Website Interactivity On Skin Cancer-Related Intentions And User Experience: Factorial Randomized Experiment, Zhaomeng Niu, Jessica Fitts Willoughby, Elliot J. Coups, Jerod L. Stapleton

Health, Behavior & Society Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Digital media technologies provide users with the ability to interact with content and to receive information based on their preferences and engagement.

OBJECTIVE: We used skin cancer and sun protection as a health topic to explore how modality interactivity, interface tools that afford users greater activity, resulting in greater depth and breadth of mentally representing and experiencing mediated content, and message interactivity, the extent to which the system allows users to exchange messages back and forth on health websites, influenced users' attitudes, knowledge, behavioral intentions, and experience.

METHODS: We employed a 2×2 (modality interactivity: high vs low; message interactivity: …

Review Of Innumeracy In The Wild: Misunderstanding And Misusing Numbers By Ellen Peters, Gizem Karaali

Numeracy

Ellen Peters’s new book Innumeracy in the Wild: Misunderstanding and Misusing Numbers (Oxford University Press, 2020) is a whirlwind tour of psychological research on numeracy and its interactions with decision-making. The book is packed full of convincing arguments about the impact of numeracy and innumeracy on people's decisions and life outcomes, piles of supporting evidence and relevant references, and detailed expositions of multitudes of research results. Thus, it can serve the motivated reader well as a comprehensive literature review of psychologically oriented research on numeracy and decision-making.

Dimensi Iklim Keselamatan Dan Perbandingan Variabel Di Pt Xyz Tahun 2021, Venti Novriza, Fatma Lestari

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

The Indonesian government is currently prioritizing infrastructure development, which has increased the demand for cement and ready-mix concrete. PT XYZ, one of the largest ready-mix concrete producers in Indonesia, is committed to creating a safe working environment to achieve the zero harm target. This study aimed to explore safety climate dimensions and compare safety climate perceptions between operational-level workers and management-level employees at PT XYZ. This cross-sectional study used an online questionnaire adopted from previous Safety Climate Survey studies. A total of 269 respondents participated in this study. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and an independent t-test to compare …

Healthcare Of Indigenous Amazonian Peoples In Response To Covid-19: Marginality, Discrimination And Revaluation Of Ancestral Knowledge In Ucayali, Peru, Doreen Montag, Marco Barboza, Lizardo Cauper, Ivan Brehaut, Isaac Alva, Aoife Bennett, José Sanchez-Choy, Juan Pablo Sarmiento Barletti, Pilar Valenzuela, José Manuyama, Italo García Murayari, Miguel Guimaraes Vásquez, Celso Aguirre Panduro, Angela Giattino, Edwin Julio Palomino Cadenas, Rodrigo Lazo, Carlos A. Delgado, Alfonso Nino, Elaine C. Flores, Maria Amalia Pesantes, Juan Pablo Murillo, Luisa Elvira Belaunde, Sergio Recuenco, Robert Chuquimbalqui, Carol Zavaleta-Cortijo

World Languages and Cultures Faculty Articles and Research

"Systematic and persistent discrimination against Indigenous Peoples translates into differential health outcomes when analysed through ethnicity and/or mother tongue.1 In Peru, morbidity and mortality rates among Indigenous Peoples for COVID-19 appear to confirm this.2 The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the historical structural violence against Indigenous Peoples that currently takes a disproportionate toll in the Peruvian Amazon. This equally applies to Indigenous Andean Peoples and Afro Peruvians. Indigenous Peoples in voluntary isolation and those in initial contact are at highest health risk in this pandemic as they have no previous immunity against common infectious diseases, and lack access to public healthcare …

A Predictable Home Environment May Protect Child Mental Health During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Laura M. Glynn, Elyssia Poggi Davis, Joan L. Luby, Tallie Z. Baram, Curt A. Sandman

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Objective

Information about the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent and adult mental health is growing, yet the impacts on preschool children are only emerging. Importantly, environmental factors that augment or protect from the multidimensional and stressful influences of the pandemic on emotional development of young children are poorly understood.

Methods

Depressive symptoms in 169 preschool children (mean age 4.1 years) were assessed with the Preschool Feelings Checklist during a state-wide stay-at-home order in Southern California. Mothers (46% Latinx) also reported on externalizing behaviors with the Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire. To assess the role of environmental factors in …

Covid-19 Risk For Individuals With Intellectual And/Or Developmental Disabilities Varies By Type Of Residential Setting, Ashlyn W.W.A. Wong, Scott D. Landes

Population Health Research Brief Series

COVID-19 case and fatality rates are higher for people with IDD who are living in Skilled Nursing Facilities compared with those living in other types of facilities or those living in individual residences or their family home.