Public Health Commons^™

Evaluation Of Program For Overcoming Intestinal Worm Infections Among Children, Henny Febriyanti, Haerawati Idris

Kesmas

Prevalence of intestinal worm infection in generall is extremely high in Indonesia among the poor population with poor sanitation. One of the government programs to address this problem is the distribution of medicines to prevent intestinal worm infections. However, the coverage of the achievement for this program is still low in several areas of public health centers in Palembang. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the national program for preventing intestinal worm infections. The qualitative research design used evaluation model approach Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model. This study was conducted in one of health …

Incapacité Due À Un Trouble Musculosquelettique : Les Inquiétudes Liées À L'Environnement De Travail, Marie-France Coutu, Marie-José Durand, Iuliana Nastasia, Fergal O'Hagan, Patrick Gosselin, Marie-Élise Labrecque, Sara Pettigrew, Djamal Berbiche

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Environ une personne sur trois dans le monde vivrait avec un trouble musculosquelettique (TMS) persistant. Plusieurs auteurs soulignent l’influence significative des facteurs psychosociaux, dont l’anxiété, sur le développement de l’incapacité prolongée. Associées à l’anxiété, des inquiétudes excessives ont été documentées chez des travailleurs ayant une douleur persistante d’origine musculosquelettique. Les inquiétudes ne favorisent pas l’adaptation en contexte d’une situation problématique. Cependant, aucune étude n’a jusqu’à présent tenté de comprendre ces inquiétudes, en lien avec l’environnement de travail. Une meilleure compréhension de ce phénomène semble un incontournable pour offrir une action mieux ciblée aux travailleurs ayant une incapacité au travail prolongée. …

Vêtements De Protection Chimique Contre Les Aérosols Solides : Performances Des Matériaux Sous Différentes Conditions D'Exposition Et Caractérisation Des Déterminants, Ludovic Tuduri, Loïc Wingert, Yves Cloutier, Stéphane Hallé, Jean Luc Giraudel, Ali Bahloul, Dominic Tessier, Patricia Dolez

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Historiquement, les mesures jugées prioritaires en hygiène industrielle ont été orientées vers la prévention de l’exposition par les voies respiratoires. Des centaines de valeurs limites d’exposition ont ainsi pu être établies à partir de méthodes d’évaluation quantitative du risque.

La part de l'exposition cutanée dans l’exposition professionnelle aux substances toxiques est pourtant significative. Le National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) estime à 13 millions le nombre de travailleurs exposés à des produits chimiques par la peau avec des coûts annuels induits par le traitement des troubles cutanés évalués à un milliard de dollars. Il n’existe pas de données …

Development Of A Diabetes Self-Management + Mhealth Program: Tailoring The Intervention For A Pilot Study In A Low-Income Setting In Mexico, Robin Whittemore, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Soraya Burrola-Méndez, Annel Lozano-Marrufo, Roberta Delvy, Mariana Pardo-Carrillo, Selene De La Cerda, Ninfa Pena-Purcell, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a public health pandemic disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of this formative research was to adapt evidence-based diabetes self-management education programs to the context of Seguro Popular clinics in Mexico. A theory-based mHealth (pictorial text messaging) component was developed.

Method: Our formative research and development of the program protocol consisted of six phases: (1) interviews and focus groups with stakeholders on the challenges to T2D management, curriculum content needs, and the use of mHealth as a supplement to a DSME program; (2) review of the theoretical underpinning, curriculum, and interactive strategies …

J Mich Dent Assoc February 2020

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Every month,The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association brings news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. No publication reaches more Michigan dentists!

In this issue, the reader will find the following original content:

• A cover story on the 2020 MDA Annual Session
• A feature covering student perspectives on the Opioid Crisis
• News you need, Editorial and regular department articles on MDA Foundation activities, Dentistry and the Law, Staff Matters, Headquarters Report, and component news

This issue also includes articles reprinted with permission:

• “Muscle Deprogramming: A Source of Confusion”, …

Spirituality And Prayer On Teacher Stress And Burnout In An Italian Cohort: A Pilot, Before-After Controlled Study, Francesco Chirico, Manoj Sharma, Salvatore Zaffina, Nicola Magnavita

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

Introduction: Teaching is a stressful profession that exposes workers to the risk of burnout. Techniques involving higher mental functions, such as transcendental meditation and prayer, have been used in stress and burnout prevention programs. In this study, we report the results of an experience conducted in a group of teachers of a religious institute, in which prayer was used as a technique to prevent burnout. Methods: Fifty teachers and support staff employed at a Catholic school of a Congregation of nuns volunteered for this study. They were randomized into two groups: prayer treatment (n = 25) or control group (n …

Dual Substance Use Of Electronic Cigarettes And Alcohol, Tanner J. Wetzel, Todd A. Wyatt

Journal Articles: Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health

Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are a modern nicotine delivery system that rapidly grew in widespread use, particularly in younger populations. Given the long history of the comorbidity of alcohol and nicotine use, the rising prevalence of ECs raises the question as to their role in the consumption of alcohol. Of the numerous models of ECs available, JUUL is the most popular. This narrative review aims to determine current trends in literature regarding the relationship between EC and alcohol dual use, as well as hypothesize potential pathogenic tissue damage and summarize areas for future study, including second-hand vapor exposure and calling for …

Radiation Actions And Dimensions Of Radiation Safety Among U.S. Radiologic Technologists, Quentin T. Moore

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Background: Radiation safety culture is a fundamental contributor to procedural justification, exam optimization, and dose-limiting practices in medical imaging. Multiple intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy factors could influence the outcomes of radiation safety culture.

Purpose and Aims: The purpose of the study was to examine the determinants of radiation safety culture among U.S. radiologic technologists. The specific aims were to: 1) develop a survey instrument tailored to radiation actions and dimensions of radiation safety with a sequential use of multiple techniques; 2) examine determinants of radiation safety culture employing McLeroy’s socioecological model; 3) examine relationship between the determinants of …

An Occupational Hygiene And Safety Primer, Volume 2, Tim Ryan

OHIO Open Faculty Textbooks

Intended to teach the basic tenets of occupational hygiene and safety to a wide variety of undergraduate college students with quite diverse backgrounds, the information in these volumes is open-sourced from a variety of experts on the subject.

An Occupational Hygiene And Safety Primer, Volume 1, Tim Ryan

OHIO Open Faculty Textbooks

Intended to teach the basic tenets of occupational hygiene and safety to a wide variety of undergraduate college students with quite diverse backgrounds, the information in these volumes is open-sourced from a variety of experts on the subject.

Assessing Hotel Employee Knowledge On Risk Factors And Risk Management Procedures For Microbial Contamination Of Hotel Water Distribution Systems, Brandon Leftwich

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Background: Compromised hotel water supply lines by neglect or by physical and structural damage can lead to exposure of harmful pathogens to guests and staff. To reduce the risk of having contaminated water in a hotel plumbing system, some facilities may incorporate a water safety plan (WSP). WSPs are not mandatory for hotels in many US states, including the state of Georgia. As such, many hotel personnel are uninformed of WSPs and the precautions to take if their hotel water system is compromised. The purpose of this study was to identify hotel personnel’s knowledge and practices of WSPs through a …

Assessing Embalmer Exposure To Bioaerosols And The Associated Health Risk, Geneviève Marchand, Loïc Wingert, Stéphane Hallé, Maximilien Debia

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Plusieurs manipulations réalisées sur les corps des défunts par les thanatopracteurs produisent des bioaérosols qui peuvent contenir des agents pathogènes infectieux. La ventilation générale est souvent le seul moyen utilisé dans les laboratoires de thanatopraxie pour maîtriser les bioaérosols. Toutefois, il n’y a pas de recommandations précises pour sa mise en application. De plus, peu d'études abordent les expositions professionnelles aux bioaérosols dans le domaine de la thanatopraxie tant quantitativement (niveau d’exposition) que qualitativement (identification et classification selon les groupes de risque). L’objectif de cette étude était d’évaluer l’exposition des thanatopracteurs aux bioaérosols afin d’apprécier les risques potentiels sur leur …

Effet De L’Expertise Et Du Sexe Sur Les Contraintes À L’Épaule En Manutention, Etienne Goubault, Romain Martinez, Najoua Assila, Jennifer Dowling-Medley, Élodie Monga-Dubreuil, Sophie-Anne Scherrer, André Plamondon, Mickaël Begon

Rapports de recherche scientifique

L’atteinte de troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) parmi les travailleurs et travailleuses au Québec était récemment estimée à 732 000 cas (Stock et al., 2014). Ces TMS sont associés aux activités professionnelles impliquant des efforts physiques prolongés, intenses et/ou répétitifs, telles que des tâches d’assemblage, de manutention, d’aide à la personne ou encore de maintien de posture prolongée sur un poste de travail. Les membres supérieurs, qui représentaient 30,1 % des cas de TMS déclarés et acceptés au Québec de 1998 à 2007 (Michel et al., 2010), sont les plus touchés après le dos. Plus particulièrement, l’épaule figure comme l’articulation …

Solvants Verts : Fondements, Santé, Sécurité, Environnement Et Substitution, Denis Bégin, Caroline Couture, Michel Gérin, Maximilien Debia

Rapports de recherche scientifique

L’utilisation de solvants dans de nombreuses applications (dégraissage, nettoyage, décapage, imprimerie, peintures, adhésifs, fabrication de produits pharmaceutiques) constitue une préoccupation majeure. En effet, un grand nombre d’entre eux sont associés à des effets nocifs, tant sur la santé et la sécurité des travailleurs (brûlure, cancer, dermatite, encéphalopathie, fœtotoxicité, polynévrite) que sur l’environnement et la santé de la population générale (précurseurs de smog, pollution des eaux, couche d’ozone). Par ailleurs, de plus en plus d’entreprises veulent prendre le virage vert, c.-à-d. faire en sorte que leurs activités et leurs produits s’inscrivent dans la démarche du développement durable. C’est dans ce contexte …

Webexpo : Vers Une Meilleure Interprétation Des Mesures D'Exposition Professionnelle Aux Substances Chimiques Sur Les Lieux De Travail, Jérôme Lavoué, Lawrence Joseph, Tracy L. Kirkham, France Labrèche, Gautier Mater, Frédéric Clerc

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Une grande partie de l'activité des hygiénistes du travail consiste à mesurer les niveaux d'exposition professionnelle des travailleurs. La plupart des rapports d'évaluation de l'exposition font état d'une importante variabilité spatiale et temporelle quant à l'intensité de l'exposition, laquelle fluctue souvent du simple au décuple en dépit de conditions apparemment similaires. Il en résulte depuis toujours un défi de taille en ce qui concerne l'interprétation des niveaux mesurés par rapport aux valeurs limites d’exposition professionnelle (VLEP). Il existe désormais un cadre consensuel – issu d'une élaboration progressive au cours des deux dernières décennies – concernant l'analyse des niveaux d’exposition par …

Webexpo: Towards A Better Interpretation Of Measurements Of Occupational Exposure To Chemicals In The Workplace, Jérôme Lavoué, Lawrence Joseph, Tracy L. Kirkham, France Labrèche, Gautier Mater, Frédéric Clerc

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Une grande partie de l'activité des hygiénistes du travail consiste à mesurer les niveaux d'exposition professionnelle des travailleurs. La plupart des rapports d'évaluation de l'exposition font état d'une importante variabilité spatiale et temporelle quant à l'intensité de l'exposition, laquelle fluctue souvent du simple au décuple en dépit de conditions apparemment similaires. Il en résulte depuis toujours un défi de taille en ce qui concerne l'interprétation des niveaux mesurés par rapport aux valeurs limites d’exposition professionnelle (VLEP). Il existe désormais un cadre consensuel – issu d'une élaboration progressive au cours des deux dernières décennies – concernant l'analyse des niveaux d’exposition par …

Seafarers’ Experiences During The Covid-19 Pandemic, B. Pauksztat, M. Grech, M. Kitada, R.B. Jensen

Reports

This report provides an overview of preliminary findings of a study on the experiences of seafarers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose was to examine the impact of the pandemic on seafarers’ work and life on board as well as on their mental health and exhaustion, and identify factors that may mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic

Is Postural Control During Unstable Sitting A Proxy Measure For Determinants Associated With Lumbar Stability?, Christian Larivière, Richard Preuss, Daniel Ludvig, Sharon M. Henry

Études primaires

Abstract

The aim of this study was to test whether determinants associated with lumbar stability can predict performance during unstable sitting (trunk postural control - TPC). If confirmed, unstable sitting could be viewed as a proxy measure for these determinants. Wobbling chair motion was measured in 58 subjects with an inertial sensor, and six outcomes were computed (mean frequency and velocity, frequency dispersion, two variables from the sway density analysis and Lyapunov exponent - short interval) to represent TPC performance. Subjects also performed five other trunk neuromuscular tests to quantify the thickness of back and abdominal muscles and …

Subject-Specific Regression Equations To Estimate Lower Spinal Loads During Symmetric And Asymmetric Static Lifting, F. Ghezelbash, A. Shirazi-Adl, Z. El Ouaaid, A. Plamondon, N. Arjmand

Études primaires

Workplace safety assessment, personalized treatment design and back pain prevention programs require accurate subject-specific estimation of spinal loads. Since no noninvasive method can directly estimate spinal loads, easy-to-use regression equations that are constructed based on the results of complex musculoskeletal models appear as viable alternatives. Thus, we aim to develop subject-specific regression equations of L4-L5 and L5-S1 shear and compression forces during various symmetric/asymmetric tasks using a nonlinear personalized finite element musculoskeletal trunk model. Kinematics and electromyography (EMG) activities of 19 young healthy subjects were collected during 64 different symmetric/asymmetric tasks. To investigate the reliability and accuracy of the musculoskeletal …

Theoretical Investigation Of The Low Frequency Fundamental Mechanism Of The Objective Occlusion Effect Induced By Bone-Conducted Stimulation, Kevin Carillo, Olivier Doutres, Franck Sgard

Études primaires

The objective occlusion effect induced by bone-conducted stimulation refers to the low frequency acoustic pressure increase that results from occluding the ear canal opening. This phenomenon is commonly interpreted as follows: the bone-conducted sound “leaks” through the earcanal opening and is “trapped” by the occlusion device. This instinctive interpretation misrepresents the fundamental mechanism of the occlusion effect related to the earcanal impedance increase and already highlighted by existing electro-acoustic models. However, these models simplify the earcanal wall vibration (i.e., the origin of the phenomenon) to a volume velocity source which, in the authors' opinion, (i) hinders an exhaustive comprehension of …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Worksite Wellness Programs, Marilyn S. Campbell

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Introduction: Worksite wellness programs are popular employer offerings as of the last few decades. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused major shifts in behavior since these programs have been implemented. The purpose of this study was to see how the pandemic has affected various offerings within a university worksite wellness program.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of a university worksite wellness program, and it compares participation in the various offerings in response to the COVID-19 pandemic by evaluating 2019 participation (pre-pandemic) to 2020 participation (including onset of the pandemic and after). This worksite wellness program, which is available to …

Overlapping Vulnerabilities In Workers Of The Electronics Recycling Industry Formal Sector: A Commentary, Diana M. Ceballos, Daniel Côté, Bouchra Bakhiyi, Michael A. Flynn, Joseph Zayed, Sabrina Gravel, Robert F. Herrick, France Labrèche

Éditoriaux, lettres à l'éditeur

No abstract provided.

Workplace Cleaning For Covid-19: Guidance Document, David Krause,, Cheri Marcham, John Springston, Alex Lebeau, Robert Rottersman, Timothy Froehlig, George (Jerry) Mccaslin

Publications

Critical and essential workplaces operating during this pandemic need to implement procedures to reduce the risk of workers, contractors, vendors, customers, and members of the community becoming infected on their premises. Outside of healthcare and paramedical facilities, the infrastructure and standard practices of infection prevention and control have not been commonplace. Establishing enhanced routine cleaning and disinfection procedures in offices, factories, warehouses, call centers, grocery stores, and other non-healthcare workplaces is a critical step in reducing exposures and infections.

Human Skills Assessment As A Support To Human Factor Management, Lorenzo Comberti, Micaela Demichela, Maria Chiara Leva

Conference papers

Automatization, robotics and Industry 4.0 are deeply modifying the working condition with an expected reduction of the number of workers employed in traditional job and an increasing request of new professions. Despite these technologies could limit the involvement of workers, in some sectors humans are still widely employed, as in assembly line of manufacturing companies. As a consequence of this, the Human Factor (HF) will still have relevant influence in term efficiency, quality and safety performances.

This paper approached the HF analysis into the manufacturing field in an assembly line. This study was focused on the analysis of those human-skills …

Respiratory Flow Characteristics Of Intensive Care Healthcare Workers Performing Patient Care Activities, Shawn R. Williamson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In the United States, under OSHA regulations, all respirators used in the workplace must be certified by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Under current NIOSH standards, loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPR) must provide a minimum operational flow of 170 liters per minute. The objective of this study was to characterize the breathing flow rates of nine health care workers during patient care activities typically performed in a hospital's intensive care unit. This characterization will be used to determine the feasibility of lowering the minimum operational flow rate of PAPRS used in health care settings.

Each participant …

Arsenic Exposure And Methylation Efficiency In Relation To Oxidative Stress In Semiconductor Workers, Chih-Hong Pan, Ching-Yu Lin, Ching-Huang Lai, Hueiwang Anna Jeng

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

This study examined associations between oxidative stress and arsenic (As) exposure and methylation efficiency in semiconductor workers. An As-exposed group (n = 427) and a control group (n = 91) were included. The As-exposure group (n = 427) included 149 maintenance staff members and 278 production staff members representing high As exposure and low As exposure, respectively. The control group included 91 administrative staff members with no or minimal As exposure. An occupational exposure assessment was conducted to assess personal As exposure by measuring As concentrations in urine, hair, and fingernails of the subjects. Urinary As(III), As(V), monomethylarsonic (MMA), and …

Assessment Of Aloe Vera For Qualitative Fit Testing Of Particulate Respirators: A Logistic Regression Approach, Anahita Fakherpour, Mehdi Jahangiri, Saeed Yousefinejad, Mozhgan Seif, Sean Banaee

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Fit testing procedure is required for filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) to ascertain an acceptable fit between the skin and facepiece sealing surface. The present study seeks to compare the efficacy of Aloe vera (A. vera) and commercial Bitrex^TM as challenge agents of qualitative fit testing of particulate respirators. An herbal solution consisting of A. vera at seven different concentrations was developed. Threshold Screening Tests (TSTs) of A. vera solutions were compared to Bitrex^TM. To do so, solutions were administered randomly on a total of 62 participants. A placebo was also tested to ensure the taste response being …

Performance Of Mechanical Filters Used In General Ventilation Against Nanoparticles, Clothilde Brochot, Pooya Abdolghader, Fariborz Haghighat, Ali Bahloul

Études primaires

With an equal mass, nanoparticles (NP) have a higher toxicity than particles with the same chemical composition but with larger surface area. However, the toxicological knowledge concerning NP is still insufficient to establish limit values of exposure. To seek the lowest exposure level, filtration is a simple and effective way to capture particles, including NP. According to ANSI/ASHRAE 52.2 standard, ventilation filters efficiency is tested for particles ranging from 0.3 to 10.0 μm. Performances of entire filters for NP are still very limited and particle size of 300 nm (0.3 μm) is commonly used as the most penetrating particle size …

A Validated Uplc-Ms/Ms Method For The Determination Of Aliphatic And Aromatic Isocyanate Exposure In Human Urine, Maggy Lépine, Lekha Sleno, Jacques Lesage, Sébastien Gagné

Études primaires

4,4′-Methylenediphenyldiisocyanate (MDI), toluenediisocyanate (2,4-TDI and 2,6-TDI), and 1,6′-hexamethylenediisocyanate (HDI) are all commonly used in the production of polyurethane-containing materials in different application areas. Workers exposed occupationally to these compounds may develop sensitization with the potential to lead to asthma. Isocyanates are metabolized in vivo by conjugation to macromolecules and/or by acetylation prior to being eliminated in urine. The hydrolysis of urine samples releases free amine compounds from these metabolites as biomarkers of exposure, specific to each parent isocyanate: 4,4′-methylenedianiline (MDA), toluenediamine (2,4-TDA and 2,6-TDA), and hexamethylenediamine (HDA). To address the need for a validated method that could be used for …

Development Of A Method For Quantification Of Toluene Diisocyanate And Methylenediphenyl Diisocyanate Migration From Polyurethane Foam Sample Surface To Artificial Sweat By Hplc-Uv-Ms, Aleksandra Donchenko, Simon Aubin, Sébastien Gagné, Mark Spence, Livain Breau, Jacques Lesage

Études primaires

The US Environmental protection agency (EPA) has published guidance that includes test procedures for evaluating indoor exposure to chemicals from products. One of the test procedures represents the migration test for evaluating potential dermal exposure from home furniture. Such an evaluation involves the chemical measurement of the sweat which is currently unavailable in the literature. The objective of this project was to develop and validate an analytical method for quantification of migration of 4,4′-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), 2,6-toluene diisocyanate (2,6-TDI) and 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI) from a polyurethane (PU) flexible foam to artificial sweat that meets the recommendations of the EPA test …