Public Health Commons^™

Interpersonal Violence Against Women With Spinal Cord Injury: Adding Insult To Injury, Susan Robinson-Whelen, Rosemary B Hughes, Kimberley Aguillard, Diana Gonzalez, Heather B Taylor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Mounting empirical evidence suggests that, compared to women without disabilities, women with disabilities are more likely to experience interpersonal violence (IPV). However, there is extremely limited research attention on IPV against women with spinal cord injury (SCI), a particularly understudied and underserved population.

OBJECTIVES: To conduct the first known examination of lifetime IPV experience in women with SCI, to explore demographic and disability-related correlates of IPV, and to examine the health impacts of IPV.

METHODS: The sample included 175 women with traumatic SCI from across the United States who enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of an online psychological …

Depression And Insomnia Among Healthcare Professionals During Covid-19 Pandemic In Ethiopia: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Aragaw Asfaw Hasen, Abubeker Alebachew Seid, Ahmed Adem Mohammed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare professionals play a great role in the struggle against COVID-19. They are highly susceptible to COVID-19 due to their responsibilities. This susceptibility directly affects their mental health status. Comprehensive evidence on prevalence of depression and insomnia during this pandemic is vital. Thus, this study aims to provide the pooled prevalence of depression and insomnia, and their associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were searched from PubMed, Cochrane Library, CrossRef, African Journals Online and Google Scholar databases from …

Poor Sleep Quality And Suicidal Ideation Among Pregnant Women During Covid-19 In Ethiopia: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Aragaw Asfaw Hasen, Abubeker Alebachew Seid, Ahmed Adem Mohammed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 has profoundly impacted the mental health and well-being of pregnant women worldwide. In Ethiopia, the poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation among pregnant women has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to provide comprehensive evidence on the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality and suicidal ideation among pregnant women during COVID-19 in Ethiopia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendation. Data were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online from the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic to February 2023. …

Safety Of Multiple Intravenous Infusions Of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells For Hospitalized Cases Of Covid-19: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Constanza De Dios, Ridhima Vij, Hosu Kim, Hyeonggeun Park, Donna Chang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to assess the safety of allogeneic, Hope Biosciences Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (HB-adMSCs) for the treatment of hospitalized subjects with COVID-19.

METHODS:

RESULTS: Majority of AEs were mild in severity. HB-adMSC group showed a higher incidence of cardiopulmonary failure, anemia, anxiety, and diarrhea, while placebo group showed a higher incidence of headaches, fatigue, and chest discomfort (posterior probabilities ≥80%). Deaths were attributed to severe complications due to COVID-19 and were unrelated to study drug. No AEs were attributed to the treatment. Hematology and coagulation panel alterations were not associated with HB-adMSCs. Analyses …

Real-World Performance Of Sars-Cov-2 Serology Tests In The United States, 2020, Carla V Rodriguez-Watson, Anthony M Louder, Carly Kabelac, Christopher M Frederick, Natalie E Sheils, Elizabeth H Eldridge, Nancy D Lin, Benjamin D Pollock, Jennifer L Gatz, Shaun J Grannis, Rohit Vashisht, Kanwal Ghauri, Camille Knepper, Sandy Leonard, Peter J Embi, Garrett Jenkinson, Reyna Klesh, Omai B Garner, Ayan Patel, Lisa Dahm, Aiden Barin, Dan M Cooper, Tom Andriola, Carrie L Byington, Bridgit O Crews, Atul J Butte, Jeff Allen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Real-world performance of COVID-19 diagnostic tests under Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) must be assessed. We describe overall trends in the performance of serology tests in the context of real-world implementation.

METHODS: Six health systems estimated the odds of seropositivity and positive percent agreement (PPA) of serology test among people with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by molecular test. In each dataset, we present the odds ratio and PPA, overall and by key clinical, demographic, and practice parameters.

RESULTS: A total of 15,615 people were observed to have at least one serology test 14-90 days after a positive molecular test for SARS-CoV-2. …

“So Many Extra Safety Layers:” Virtual Service Provision And Implementing Social Distancing In Interpersonal Violence Service Agencies During Covid-19, Rachel J Voth Schrag, Sarah Leat, Bethany Backes, Saltanat Childress, Leila Wood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The coronavirus pandemic necessitated rapid shifts in approach for service providers working with survivors of interpersonal violence. To reduce the spread of the virus, providers and agencies implemented a rapid and unplanned expansion of virtual services while also developing new protocols to support safe and socially distant in-person services. To understand how these shifts have impacted victim service professionals and the survivors they serve, to provide guidance for on-going efforts, and to inform planning for future public health emergencies, this study asks the question: What approaches did the interpersonal violence workforce use to address social distancing needs during COVID-19? Semi-structured …

Perspective: Developing Future Veterans Affairs Scientists Through A Diversity, Equity, And Inclusion Program, Darius B Dawson, Valerie Lewis, Terri L Fletcher, Robert Hal Scofield

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

For >95 years, the Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development (ORD) has been improving the lives of Veterans and all Americans through health care discovery and innovation. Scientists and trainees from diverse backgrounds and life experiences bring different perspectives and creativity to address complex health-related problems, which helps to foster scientific innovation, improve quality of research, and advance the likelihood that underserved populations participate in and benefit from clinical and health services research. In this study, we will discuss our experiences in developing future scientists through mentored research supplements supported by ORD.

Association Between Surgical Technical Skills And Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Literature Review And Meta-Analysis, Michael S Woods, Joshua N Liberman, Pinyao Rui, Emily Wiggins, Joan White, Bruce Ramshaw, Jonah J Stulberg

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association between intraoperative surgical skill and clinical outcomes.

METHODS: Peer-reviewed, original research articles published through August 31, 2021 were identified from PubMed and Embase. From the 1,513 potential articles, seven met eligibility requirements, reporting on 151 surgeons and 17,932 procedures. All included retrospective assessment of operative videos. Associations between surgical skill and outcomes were assessed by pooling odds ratios (OR) using random-effects models with the inverse variance method. Eligible studies included pancreaticoduodenectomy, gastric bypass, laparoscopic gastrectomy, prostatectomy, colorectal, and hemicolectomy procedures.

RESULTS: Meta-analytic pooling identified significant associations between …

Antithrombin Activity Is Associated With Persistent Thromboinflammation And Mortality In Patients With Severe Covid-19 Illness, Amber Chen-Goodspeed, Goutham Dronavalli, Xu Zhang, Jeanette M Podbielski, Bela Patel, Katalin Modis, Bryan A Cotton, Charles E Wade, Jessica C Cardenas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Severe COVID-19 illness can lead to thrombotic complications, organ failure, and death. Antithrombin (AT) regulates thromboinflammation and is a key component of chemical thromboprophylaxis. Our goal was to examine the link between AT activity and responsiveness to thromboprophylaxis, markers of hypercoagulability, and inflammation among severe COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This was a single-center, prospective observational study enrolling SARS-CoV-2-positive patients admitted to the intensive care unit on prophylactic enoxaparin. Blood was collected daily for 7 days to assess AT activity and anti-factor Xa levels. Patient demographics, outcomes, and hospital laboratory results were collected. Continuous variables were compared using Mann-Whitney tests, and …

Pregnancy And Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Fetal Jeopardy And Windows Of Opportunity, Ankia Coetzee, David R Hall, Eduard J Langenegger, Mari Van De Vyver, Magda Conradie

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) during pregnancy poses significant risks to both the mother and fetus, with an increased risk of fetal demise. Although more prevalent in women with Type I diabetes (T1D); those with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can also develop DKA. A lack of information about DKA during pregnancy exists worldwide, including in South Africa.

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the characteristics and outcomes associated with DKA during pregnancy.

METHODS: The study took place between 1 April 2020 and 1 October 2022. Pregnant women with DKA, admitted to Tygerberg Hospital's Obstetric Critical Care Unit (OCCU) …

National Cross-Sectional Study On Cost Consciousness, Cost Accuracy, And National Medical Waste Reduction Initiative Knowledge Among Pediatric Hospitalists In The United States, Benjamin C Lee, Matt Hall, Ladan Agharokh, Andrew G Yu, Kavita Parikh, Samir S Shah

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Despite initiatives to reduce waste and spending, there is a gap in physician knowledge regarding the cost of commonly ordered items. We examined the relationship between pediatric hospitalists' knowledge of national medical waste reduction initiatives, self-reported level of cost-consciousness (the degree in which cost affects practice), and cost accuracy (how close an estimate is to its hospital cost) at a national level.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used a national, online survey sent to hospitalists at 49 children's hospitals to assess their knowledge of national medical waste reduction initiatives, self-reported cost consciousness, and cost estimates for commonly ordered laboratory studies, …

Feasibility Of Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging During Intra-Procedural Mri-Guided Brachytherapy Of Locally Advanced Cervical And Vaginal Cancers, Megan C Jacobsen, Bastien Rigaud, Samantha J Simiele, Gaiane M Rauch, Matthew S Ning, Sastry Vedam, Ann H Klopp, R Jason Stafford, Kristy K Brock, Aradhana M Venkatesan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: To determine the feasibility of quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) acquisition during magnetic resonance imaging-guided brachytherapy (MRgBT) using reduced field-of-view (rFOV) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI).

Methods and materials: T2-weighted (T2w) MR and full-FOV single-shot echo planar (ssEPI) DWI were acquired in 7 patients with cervical or vaginal malignancy at baseline and prior to brachytherapy, while rFOV-DWI was acquired during MRgBT following brachytherapy applicator placement. The gross target volume (GTV) was contoured on the T2w images and registered to the ADC map. Voxels at the GTV's maximum Maurer distance comprised a central sub-volume (GTVcenter). Contour ADC mean and standard deviation were …

Sex-Biased Autophagy As A Potential Mechanism Mediating Sex Differences In Ischemic Stroke Outcome, Brian Noh, Louise D Mccullough, Jose F Moruno-Manchon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major cause of disability worldwide, and biological sex is an important determining factor in stroke incidence and pathology. From childhood through adulthood, men have a higher incidence of stroke compared with women. Abundant research has confirmed the beneficial effects of estrogen in experimental ischemic stroke but genetic factors such as the X-chromosome complement can also play an important role in determining sex differences in stroke. Autophagy is a self-degrading cellular process orchestrated by multiple core proteins, which leads to the engulfment of cytoplasmic material and degradation of cargo after autophagy …

A Longitudinal Seroepidemiology Study To Evaluate Antibody Response To Sars-Cov-2 Virus Infection And Vaccination In Children In Calgary, Canada From July 2020 To April 2022: Alberta Covid-19 Childhood Cohort (Ab3c) Study, Emily J Doucette, Joslyn Gray, Kevin Fonseca, Carmen Charlton, Jamil N Kanji, Graham Tipples, Susan Kuhn, Jessica Dunn, Payton Sayers, Nicola Symonds, Guosong Wu, Stephen B Freedman, James D Kellner

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 antibody seropositivity is important to accurately understand exposure to infection and/or vaccination in specific populations. This study aimed to estimate the serologic response to SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and vaccination in children in Calgary, Alberta over a two-year period.

METHODS: Children with or without prior SARS-CoV-2 infections, were enrolled in Calgary, Canada in 2020. Venous blood was sampled 4 times from July 2020 to April 2022 for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike antibodies. Demographic and clinical information was obtained including SARS-CoV-2 testing results and vaccination records.

RESULTS: 1035 children were enrolled and 88.9% completed all 4 visits; median …

Huge Abdominopelvic Mass Arising From Cervical Fibroid Around An Infected Cervical Diverticulum: A Very Rare Case And A Review Of Literature, Arpita De, Reva Tripathi, Abhinav Jain, Safia Rana

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Primary uterine diverticula are a very rare congenital anomaly of the uterus with only 21 reported cases. Even rarer is the occurrence of primary cervical diverticula with only six cases reported so far. This is a unique case of a huge abdominopelvic mass arising from cervical fibroid around an infected cervical diverticulum. A 44 year-old, P4L4 came to the OPD with a eighteen weeks size abdomino-pelvic mass. She had a failed surgery 6 months back, attempted to remove the mass. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cervical diverticulum which possibly had a pus collection. Relaparotomy was done. It revealed a huge …

Pediatric Diarrhea Patients Living In Urban Areas Have A Higher Incidence Of Clostridioides Difficile Infection, Ayodele T Adesoji, Osaro Mgbere, Charles Darkoh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and an unappreciated contributor to child mortality in low- and middle-income countries where the diagnosis may be difficult. There is little information about the prevalence of CDI among infants, children, and adolescents in Africa. Using a cross-sectional design, seventy-six samples were collected from pediatric patients presenting with diarrhea, including infants (≤ 2 years old), children (2-12 years), and adolescents (13 ≤17 years) from three hospitals between January and December 2019. Demographic data, medical history, and prior antibiotic use were recorded. Toxigenic culture and PCR were used to detect and …

Population-Based Assessment Of The Burden Of Covid-19 Infection In African Countries: A First-Year Report Card And Public Health Implications, Osaro Mgbere, Ogbonna Collins Nwabuko, Olajumoke A Olateju, Omolola E Adepoju, Winston Liaw, Charles Darkoh, Ekere James Essien

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a global health threat and poses a major burden on the African continent. We assessed the real-world burden of COVID-19 infection in African Union (AU) member states to determine the distributional patterns of epidemiological measures during the first 1 year of the pandemic.

METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized COVID-19 data from publicly available data repositories of the African Center for Disease Control and Prevention and

RESULTS: A total of 3.21 million cases were reported during the 1-year period, with 2.6 million recoveries, 536,784 cases remaining active, and 77,486 deaths. Most countries (49.1%,

CONCLUSION: Understanding …

Radiographic Response To Neoadjuvant Therapy In Pleural Mesothelioma Should Serve As A Guide For Patient Selection For Cytoreductive Operations, Nathaniel Deboever, Nicolas Zhou, Daniel J Mcgrail, Katarzyna Tomczak, Jacqueline L Oliva, Hope A Feldman, Edwin Parra, Jianjun Zhang, Percy P Lee, Mara B Antonoff, Wayne L Hofstetter, Reza J Mehran, Ravi Rajaram, David C Rice, Jack A Roth, Stephen S Swisher, Ara A Vaporciyan, Mehmet Altan, Annikka Weissferdt, Anne S Tsao, Cara L Haymaker, Boris Sepesi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is associated with poor prognosis despite advances in multimodal therapeutic strategies. While patients with resectable disease may benefit from added survival with oncologic resection, patient selection for mesothelioma operations often relies on both objective and subjective evaluation metrics. We sought to evaluate factors associated with improved overall survival (OS) in patients with mesothelioma who underwent macroscopic complete resection (MCR).

METHODS: Patients with MPM who received neoadjuvant therapy and underwent MCR were identified in a prospectively maintained departmental database. Clinicopathologic, blood-based, and radiographic variables were collected and included in a Cox regression analysis (CRA). Response to …

Keeping Employees Safe During Health Crises: The Effects Of Media Exposure, Hr Practices, And Age, Shuqi Li, Henry R Young, Majid Ghorbani, Byron Y Lee, Daan Van Knippenberg, Russell E Johnson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Occupational health and safety are critical in promoting the wellness of organizations and employees. The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most life-threatening viruses encountered in recent history, providing a unique opportunity for research to examine factors that drive employee safety behavior. Drawing from terror management theory, we propose and test a moderated mediation model using data collected from employees working during a peak of the pandemic. We identify two sources of influence - one external (i.e., media exposure), and one internal (i.e., HR practices) to the organization - that shape employees' mortality salience and safety behaviors. We find that …

Are Trauma Surgeons Prepared? A Survey Of Trauma Surgeons’ Disaster Preparedness Before And During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Jay Doucet, David V Shatz, Lewis J Kaplan, Eileen M Bulger, Jeannette Capella, Deborah A Kuhls, Mary Fallat, Kyle N Remick, Christopher Newton, Adam Fox, Randeep Jawa, John A Harvin, David P Blake, Marko Bukur, Jonathan Gates, James Ficke, Mark L Gestring, The American Association For Surgery Of Trauma Disaster Committee

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: US trauma centers (TCs) must remain prepared for mass casualty incidents (MCIs). However, trauma surgeons may lack formal MCI training. The recent COVID-19 pandemic drove multiple patient surges, overloaded Emergency Medical Services (EMS) agencies, and stressed TCs. This survey assessed trauma surgeons' MCI training, experience, and system and personal preparedness before the pandemic compared with the pandemic's third year.

METHODS: Survey invitations were emailed to all 1544 members of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma in 2019, and then resent in 2022 to 1575 members with additional questions regarding the pandemic. Questions assessed practice type, TC characteristics, …

Bridging Science And Spirituality: The Intersection Of Religion And Public Health In The Covid-19 Pandemic, Shahana Ayub, Gibson O Anugwom, Tajudeen Basiru, Vishi Sachdeva, Nazar Muhammad, Anil Bachu, Maxwell Trudeau, Gazal Gulati, Amanda Sullivan, Saeed Ahmed, Lakshit Jain

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has had global impacts on social interactions and religious activities, leading to a complex relationship between religion and public health policies. This article reviews impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religious activities and beliefs in relation to the spread of the virus, as well as the potential of religious leaders and faith communities in mitigating the impact of the pandemic through public health measures and community engagement.

METHODS: A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, with search terms including "religion," "COVID-19," "pandemic," "coronavirus," and "spirituality." We included English articles published between January 2020 …

Risk Stratification For Hepatocellular Cancer Among Patients With Cirrhosis Using A Hepatic Fat Polygenic Risk Score, Aaron P Thrift, Fasiha Kanwal, Yanhong Liu, Saira Khaderi, Amit G Singal, Jorge A Marrero, Nicole Loo, Sumeet K Asrani, Michelle Luster, Abeer Al-Sarraj, Jing Ning, Spiridon Tsavachidis, Xiangjun Gu, Christopher I Amos, Hashem B El-Serag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) hold the promise to refine prognostication in hepatocellular cancer (HCC). The few available HCC PRS include germline risk variants identified among individuals of mostly European ancestry, but data are lacking on the transportability of these PRS in multiethnic U.S patients with cirrhosis from multiple etiologies.

METHODS: We used data from 1644 patients with cirrhosis enrolled in two prospective cohort studies in the U.S. Patients were followed until HCC diagnosis, death, liver transplantation, or last study visit through June 30, 2021. The high-risk variants in PNPLA3-MBOAT7-TM6SF2-GCKR were combined in a PRS and we evaluated its association …

Impact Of Covid-19 In Patients Hospitalized With Stress Cardiomyopathy: A Nationwide Analysis, Adrija Hajra, Aaqib Malik, Dhrubajyoti Bandyopadhyay, Akshay Goel, Ameesh Isath, Rahul Gupta, Suraj Krishnan, Devesh Rai, Chayakrit Krittanawong, Salim S Virani, Gregg C Fonarow, Carl J Lavie

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Stress cardiomyopathy was noted to occur at a higher incidence during coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This database analysis has been done to compare the in-hospital outcomes in patients with stress cardiomyopathy and concurrent COVID-19 infection with those without COVID-19 infection. The National Inpatient Sample database for the year 2020 was queried to identify all admissions diagnosed with stress cardiomyopathy. These patients were then stratified based on whether they had concomitant COVID-19 infection or not. A 1:1 propensity score matching was performed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to identify predictors of mortality. We identified 41,290 hospitalizations for stress …

Predictive Factors And Prognosis Of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding In Gastric Cancer: A Large Population-Based Study (Ugib-Gc Trial), Anya Kiattiweerasak, Phubordee Bongkotvirawan, Natsuda Aumpan, Yoshio Yamaoka, Muhammad Miftahussurur, Ratha-Korn Vilaichone

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Gastric cancer remains the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Significant number of gastric cancer patients presented with bleeding.

Objective: This study aimed to identify risk factors and overall survival rates of bleeding gastric cancer patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2007-2022 at tertiary care center in Thailand. Clinical information, endoscopic findings and histological type were extensively reviewed and were compared between bleeders and non-bleeders. Patients were monitored for at least 5 years.

Results: There were 20,981 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during study period. Total of 201 gastric cancer patients were included in …

Addressing Training Gaps: A Competency-Based, Telehealth Training Initiative For Community Health Workers, Laura Porterfield, Victoria Warren, Vanessa Schick, Shannon Gulliot-Wright, Jeff R Temple, Elizabeth M Vaughan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: To overcome vast variations in Community Health Worker (CHW) training, investigators for the CHW Core Consensus Project (CCCP) derived three types of CHW (Category 1, 2, 3) and established competencies for each category. However, studies are needed that implement these competencies in real-world settings.

OBJECTIVE: Using the six competency domains of the CCCP as a theoretical backbone, we developed and evaluated a training for

METHODS: We developed five telehealth-based, bilingual (Spanish/English) training sessions and implemented them among

RESULTS: All (18/18) CHWs achieved at least 70% on the posttest (mean: 93.7%; range 73.3-100%). Training attendance was 98.9%. Using a six-point …

Targeting Nuclear Hormone Receptors For The Prevention Of Breast Cancer, Cassandra L Moyer, Powel H Brown

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Advancements in research have led to the steady decline of breast cancer mortality over the past thirty years. However, breast cancer incidence has continued to rise, resulting in an undue burden on healthcare costs and highlighting a great need for more effective breast cancer prevention strategies, including targeted chemo preventative agents. Efforts to understand the etiology of breast cancer have uncovered important roles for nuclear receptors in the development and progression of breast cancer. Targeted therapies to inhibit estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) signaling (selective ER modulators, aromatase inhibitors and selective PR modulators) have shown great promise for …

Burnout During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Report On Pediatric Residents, Linessa M Zuniga, Abigail Schuh, Alan Schwartz, Patricia Seo-Mayer, Rachel Cramton, Kira Sieplinga, Ruchi Kaushik, Lauren Nassetta, Jason H Homme, Jessica Babal, John D Mahan, Maneesh Batra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background and objective: The Pediatric Resident Burnout and Resilience Consortium (PRB-RSC) has described the epidemiology of burnout in pediatric residents since 2016. We hypothesized burnout rates during the pandemic would increase. We explored resident burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship to resident perception of workload, training, personal life, and local COVID burden.

Methods: Since 2016, PRB-RSC has sent an annual, confidential survey to over 30 pediatric and medicine-pediatrics residencies. In 2020 and 2021, seven questions were added to explore the relationship of COVID-19 and perceptions of workload, training, and personal life.

Results: In 2019, 46 programs participated, 22 …

Transcriptomic Profiles Of Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Phenotypes In Pediatric Critical Influenza, Tanya Novak, Jeremy Chase Crawford, Georg Hahn, Mark W Hall, Simone A Thair, Margaret M Newhams, Janet Chou, Peter M Mourani, Keiko M Tarquinio, Barry Markovitz, Laura L Loftis, Scott L Weiss, Renee Higgerson, Adam J Schwarz, Neethi P Pinto, Neal J Thomas, Rainer G Gedeit, Ronald C Sanders, Sidharth Mahapatra, Bria M Coates, Natalie Z Cvijanovich, Kate G Ackerman, David W Tellez, Patrick Mcquillen, Stephen C Kurachek, Steven L Shein, Christoph Lange, Paul G Thomas, Adrienne G Randolph

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Influenza virus is responsible for a large global burden of disease, especially in children. Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) is a life-threatening and fatal complication of severe influenza infection.

METHODS: We measured RNA expression of 469 biologically plausible candidate genes in children admitted to North American pediatric intensive care units with severe influenza virus infection with and without MODS. Whole blood samples from 191 influenza-infected children (median age 6.4 years, IQR: 2.2, 11) were collected a median of 27 hours following admission; for 45 children a second blood sample was collected approximately seven days later. Extracted RNA was hybridized …

Ai-Powered Discovery Of A Novel P53-Y220c Reactivator, Shan Zhou, Dafei Chai, Xu Wang, Praveen Neeli, Xinfang Yu, Aram Davtyan, Ken Young, Yong Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction

The p53-Y220C mutation is one of the most common mutations that play a major role in cancer progression.

Methods

In this study, we applied artificial intelligence (AI)-powered virtual screening to identify small-molecule compounds that specifically restore the wild-type p53 conformation from p53-Y220C. From 10 million compounds, the AI algorithm selected a chemically diverse set of 83 high-scoring hits, which were subjected to several experimental assays using cell lines with different p53 mutations.

Results

We identified one compound, H3, that preferentially killed cells with the p53-Y220C mutation compared to cells with other p53 mutations. H3 increased the amount of folded …

Chronic Liver Disease-Related Mortality In Diabetes Before And During The Covid-19 In The United States, Donghee Kim, Omar Alshuwaykh, Brittany B Dennis, George Cholankeril, Joshua W Knowles, Aijaz Ahmed

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Global pandemic of COVID-19 represents an unprecedented challenge. COVID-19 has predominantly targeted vulnerable populations with pre-existing chronic medical diseases, such as diabetes and chronic liver disease.

AIMS: We estimated chronic liver disease-related mortality trends among individuals with diabetes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: Utilizing the US national mortality database and Census, we determined the quarterly age-standardized chronic liver disease-related mortality and quarterly percentage change (QPC) among individuals with diabetes.

RESULTS: The quarterly age-standardized mortality for chronic liver disease and/or cirrhosis among individuals with diabetes remained stable before the COVID-19 pandemic and sharply increased during the COIVD-19 pandemic …