Public Health Commons^™

Costing Of Actions To Safeguard Vulnerable Mexican Households With Young Children From The Consequences Of Covid-19 Social Distancing Measures, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Víctor Pérez, Graciela Teruel, Aranzazu Alonso, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

COVID-19 has imposed unprecedented challenges to society. As the pandemic evolves, the social distancing measures that have been globally enforced, while essential, are having undesirable socioeconomic side effects particularly among vulnerable populations. In Mexico, families who depend upon informal employment face increased threats to their wellbeing, and households who in addition have young children may face long-term consequences. The Mexican government has not yet taken actions, but a coalition of non-governmental organizations is advocating in partnership with academic institutions for social protection actions such as a cash transfer and basic services subsidies for families with young children, subsisting from the …

The Need For Leadership During Public Health Crises, Tanisha Adams

2020 Symposium Posters

This research is intended to educate the public health industry on the need for better crisis leadership preparations. The National Incident Management System (NIMS) is a national training program mandated by the Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006. The program focuses primarily on Preparedness, Communications and Information Management, Resource Management, and Command and Management. NIMS is formatted in a way that the information can be used across a wide array of organization types. The Incident Command System (ICS) of NIMS has a "military-style, command-and-control model traditionally seen in emergency services and not in public health” (Kohn, Barnett, Galastri, Semon, …

La Maestra’S Circle Of Care: Studying The Impact Of An Integrated Service Model On The Health And Well-Being Of Vulnerable Populations, Zara Marselian

Dissertations

ABSTRACT

There is an urgent need to reform the health care delivery system in the United States, as recognized through current bipartisan efforts. Society’s vulnerable populations especially need health care reform as health care outcomes are the poorest among disadvantaged populations. Moreover, vulnerable populations are twice as likely to develop chronic diseases than the general population and they remain ill due to other contextual, societal factors affecting their ability to achieve health and well-being. This population is subjected to adverse life events that suggest a more comprehensive approach to health and well-being is called for.

The Circle of Care is …

The Evolving Management Of Aortic Valve Disease: Trends In The Utilization And Cost Of Savr, Tavr, And Medical Therapy, Andrew Goldsweig

Theses & Dissertations

Aortic stenosis (AS) and regurgitation (AR) may be treated with surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), transcatheter AVR (TAVR), or medical therapy (MT). Data are lacking regarding usage and cost of SAVR, TAVR, and MT for patients hospitalized with aortic valve disease. From the Nationwide Readmissions Database, we determined utilization and cost trends for SAVR, TAVR, and MT in patients with aortic valve disease admitted 2012-2016 for valve replacement, heart failure, unstable angina, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, or syncope. From 2012 through 2016, there was a 48.1% increase in the number of patients hospitalized for aortic valve disease annually. Overall, 19.9%, 6.7%, …

The Effect Of The Timing Of A Hospice Referral And The Perceived Quality Of Care By The Family, Caitlin Tran

Nursing | Senior Theses

Hospice care is a specialized type of palliative care for patients with a time-limiting illness. Despite its benefits, hospice remains underutilized. A key reason behind the underutilization are untimely referrals, often made during the last weeks or days of the patient’s life. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the existing barriers towards hospice that play into late referrals and its effect on patient/family satisfaction. This information will be examined to propose a pilot research study for further exploration.

Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life In Us Adults With Type 2 Diabetes., Giang Truong Vu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focused on the relationship between type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the factors associated with this relationship in the US. The objectives of the dissertation research were a three-part process: (1) to understand the relationships of T2DM with poor OHRQoL, clarify risk and preventive factors that affect this association, and identify research gaps in the literature, (2) to analyze risk factors associated with poor OHRQoL in US adults with T2DM using a nationally representative random probability cluster sample, and (3) to apply structural equation modeling (SEM) to a simplified Andersen’s Behavioral Model …

Preventable Hospitalization Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients In Kentucky Before And After Medicaid Expansion 2010-2017., Turky Jamil Arbaein

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objectives: 1) Analyze county level variation in T2DM-PH rates in Kentucky before ACA (2010-2013) and after the ACA (2014-2017). 2) Analyze the relationship between county level socioeconomic factors (income per capita, percentage of uninsured people, percent of urban population, primary care and general preventive offices, population aged 65 and above, median age, household income, percentage in poverty, and unemployment rate ) and county level T2DM-PH rates before (2010-2013) and after (2014-2017) ACA implementation in Kentucky. Method: This research was conducted in two phases: Phase one of this study estimated the county-level PH variation among T2DM patients across eight years (2010-2017), …

Converting Threats Into Opportunities Predicting Medical Error Reporting Behavior., Whitney Thomas Rogers

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Medical errors are a public health epidemic and a major threat to patient safety. Estimates suggest they may be responsible for 210,000 - 440,000 preventable deaths per year. This would make medical errors the third leading cause of death in the United States. The societal burden of medical errors is steep, with the economic impact near $1 trillion. The purpose of this study was to use a theory-driven approach to better understand the reporting behavior of healthcare professional. Increased error reporting leads to heightened awareness of the precursors or conditions generating errors, which can then be corrected. In its most …

Managing Stress In A Constantly-Changing Workforce, Lorri Burch-Hubbard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

When staffing reductions occur in the workplace, staff left behind may face increased stress, may not be given the support they need to manage the feelings caused by the reduction. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of stress caused by staffing reductions has on medical technologists (MT), medical technicians (MLT) and respiratory therapists (RT), and to identify any common methods of stress management used by those staff who remain in the organization.

Literature research showed the negative impact stress can have on individuals when it is not addressed, such as decreased work performance, health issues, and even the …

¡Sí, Yo Puedo Vivir Sano Con Diabetes! A Self-Management Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial For Low-Income Adults With Type 2 Diabetes In Mexico City, Robin Whittemore, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Selene De La Cerda, Roberta Delvy, Sangchoon Jeon, Soraya Burrola-Méndez, Mariana Pardo-Carrillo, Annel Lozano-Marrufo, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide epidemic and a leading cause of death in Mexico, with a prevalence of 15.9%, and >70% of diagnosed adults have poor glycemic control [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >7.5%]. We developed a diabetes self-management education program contextualized to the study population, including dietary preferences, health literacy, and health system.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a self-management + text message program (¡Sí, Yo Puedo Vivir Sano con Diabetes!) on primary (HbA1c), and secondary behavioral (self-management), clinical, and psychosocial outcomes in adults with T2D in Mexico City.

Methods: Participants were recruited at public …

Special Issue – July/August 2020: Sustaining A Focus On Human Experience In The Face Of Covid-19, Patient Experience Journal

Patient Experience Journal

At this critical time in our shared history, we are faced with a powerful challenge, the rapid impact of COVID-19 on our healthcare systems and community. With that acknowledgement, we are refocusing our 2020 special issue of Patient Experience Journal (PXJ) to address Sustaining a Focus on Human Experience in the Face of COVID-19. Submissions received for our initially planned special issue on patient & family experience in behavioral health will remain in review and consideration for future issues of PXJ.

There are heroic efforts taking place minute-by-minute to address the clinical and personal needs of patients, while also …

Patient Experience Journal Awards: Celebrating Our 2019 Recipients, Patient Experience Journal

Patient Experience Journal

In association with The Beryl Institute, Patient Experience Journal introduced the inaugural Patient Experience Journal (PXJ) Awards. The annual awards celebrate important contributions to the literature and articles of impact in research and practice. They also introduce groundbreaking authors who are working to expand evidence and insights on patient experience and the human experience in healthcare. The winners are selected from the articles published in PXJ and chosen by the Editorial Board of the journal. The award categories are shared and recipients introduced.

Development And Reliability Of A Patient Experience Inventory Tool For Hospitals, Agnes Barden, Nicole Giammarinaro, Natalie Bashkin, Larry Lutsky

Patient Experience Journal

This study explores the development and reliability testing of the newly developed Patient Experience Inventory for Hospitals (PXI-H). Created as an organizational self-assessment patient experience tool, it guides healthcare leaders in evaluating attitudes and behaviors as well as structures and programs impacting patient experience within a hospital setting. The PXI-H is organized within four pillars: Leadership, Education and Development, Data and Analytics and Patient-and-Family Centeredness, which were determined to be internally consistent based on examining coefficient alphas and the item-total correlations. Principal component analysis also determined items with highest loadings aligned onto the pillars in which there were assigned, confirming …

Deploying An Improvement Strategy Across A Rapidly Expanding Health System: A Framework For Repeatability And Cost-Effectiveness, Steve Meth Jd, Ms, Jan Gnida Cpxp, Karla Cardoza, Elizabeth Nikels

Patient Experience Journal

With nearly 40,000 employees and physicians spread across 14 states, a robust system was needed to engage front line teams at the point of care to meaningfully enhance patient and family communication practices in Prime Healthcare, an award-winning, community hospital system with 45 hospitals. Among its key elements, Prime’s system-wide road map for deploying relationship-centered communication tools involved identification of and investment in frontline champions, education that was synchronized with leader-deployed digital rounding, and online self-reflection modules that promoted true behavior change. This economical and easy-to-follow road map is shared for others seeking a high return on investment from their …

Implementing Inter-Professional Patient-Family Centered Plan Of Care Meetings On An Inpatient Hospital Unit, Nicolas Hernandez, Alice Fornari, Sage Rose, Leanne Tortez

Patient Experience Journal

Inpatient plan of care meetings support efforts to encourage collaborative practice and patient-family centered care and result in an effective strategy to enhance communication and patient satisfaction. Clinical team members participated in patient/family centered plan of care meetings at a community hospital in a selected inpatient unit with full time hospitalist physicians. Quantitative data were gathered pre/post implementation from the external Hospital Consumer Assessment of Health Care Providers (HCAHPS) survey. HCAHPS data were collected independently, specifically for questions related to communication between patients, family members/guardians and the medical team and also the effects of care transition. There was a slow …

Is There A Correlation Between The Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire And Other Patient-Reported Experience Measures?, Amanda I. Gonzalez, Joost T.P. Kortlever, Léon Rijk, David Ring, Laura E. Brown, Lee M. Reichel

Patient Experience Journal

Patient reported experience measures (PREMs) can quantify the quality of the patient-clinician relationship, which is associated with adherence and improved health. However, the scales used to assess PREMs have large ceiling effects, which limits our ability to learn and improve. This study assessed the correlation of four PREMs: the patient-doctor relationship questionnaire (PDRQ), a measure of perceived empathy, a measure of satisfaction with the visit, and a measure of communication effectiveness. We also assessed ceiling effects. We prospectively enrolled 103 new and return patients in this cross-sectional study. Patients completed a demographic questionnaire, the PDRQ, Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions …

Using Shared Mental Models To Conceptualize Patients As Professionals, Decision-Makers, Collaborators, And Members Of Interprofessional Healthcare Teams, Umair Majid

Patient Experience Journal

Patient engagement has become the buzz-phrase of 21^st Century health care. Around the world, healthcare systems involve patients in a wide range of activities including drug development, research, and policy design. There are strong institutional pressures for patient engagement in healthcare activities that have been bolstered by ethical imperatives and social and organizational benefits from patient engagement. There is a trend to center efforts to cultivate engagement initiatives that are meaningful to patients and family. However, these efforts are characterized by multiple challenges, for example, tokenism and the lack of organizational support. These barriers may persist in healthcare professionals’ …

Patient Feedback: Listening And Responding To Patient Voices, Simon J. Radmore, Kathy Eljiz, David Greenfield

Patient Experience Journal

The study aim was to identify key strategies to improve organisational systems and care experiences, to confront the challenges of achieving effective patient feedback throughout a large healthcare organisation. A mixed methods exploratory approach was used. Purposive and snowball sampling, semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders, and document analysis of existing feedback processes was utilised. The setting was a large metropolitan Local Health District in Sydney, Australia. Data was examined using thematic and content analysis. Participants identified no single feedback process was able to adequately gather all feedback necessary to reflect the patient experience. Patient feedback processes that are most useful: …

Paying It Forward: A Cancer Survivor And His Wife Share Their Reflections And Recommendations As A Patient And Caregiver, Justin Sandler

Patient Experience Journal

I grew up in the north suburbs of Chicago and had a relatively normal childhood but not necessarily an easy one. Shortly after graduating from Indiana University, I moved out west and have been working in the entertainment industry ever since. My life has been a beautiful and interesting adventure with twists and turns I could have never predicted.

In 2016 it seemed like everything was really coming together. I had been happily married to my wife and business partner Mary Lou Sandler since 2011, and we had been growing our photography/film production studio for as many years. I was …

The Essential Nature Of Experience In A Time Of Crisis And Beyond, Jason A. Wolf

Patient Experience Journal

As we have engaged with community members around the world, the last few weeks have provided a unique window into the face of this crisis as we have seen not only the deadliest days on record, but have also had some of the most hopeful conversations at the same time. While we are and still will face challenges in the weeks to come, we too have seen humanity elevated in profound and powerful ways. While it can be offered with little argument that things will never be the same, in moving forward, we too can assert and I believe, that …

Optometry's Contribution, Paul B. Freeman Od

Optometric Clinical Practice

Letter from the Editor-in-Chief

The Weekend Effect Among High Ed Utilizers, Wilson Tan, Adam Block

Annual SHSP Student Research and Scholarship Day

No abstract provided.

Adults With I/Dd And Secondary Gastrointestinal Conditions: An Analysis Of Healthcare Utilization Patterns And Clinical Characteristics, And Implications For Patient-Centered Delivery Innovations, Kerry Watson, Kenneth Knapp, Tricia Patrick

Annual SHSP Student Research and Scholarship Day

The objective of this research was to create healthcare transformation policies for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) who also present with secondary gastrointestinal (GI) conditions. Key perspectives and analyses used to achieve this research aim were the patient-centered medical home for GI patients (DGBI-PCMH), the biopsychosocial model, and population segmentation.

219— Insuring America's Youth: Examining The Success Of Medicaid And Chip Coverage, James Mcglynn

GREAT Day Posters

Children make up 23% of the nation’s total population, but make up 32% of all persons in poverty. Given the overrepresentation of children among the US impoverished population, questions are raised on how best to provide much needed medical coverage to low income children. Currently, programs such as Medicaid and CHIP seek to provide low or no cost health coverage to children in low income households. However, the uninsured rate for children has risen from 4.9% to 5.5% in 2018. This is equivalent to about 425,000 children becoming uninsured. Do Medicaid and CHIP do enough to ensure that children in …

Liposomal Bupivacaine Results In Cost Savings While Managing Post-Operative Pain In Fragility Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures, Nainisha Chintalapudi, Avinesh Agarwalla Md, Joana Lu Pa, Hrayr G. Basmajian Md, Joseph N. Liu Md, Nirav H. Amin Md

Annual SHSP Student Research and Scholarship Day

No abstract provided.

An Exercise Program To Prevent Frailty In Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Proposed Pilot Study, Kendra Harrington, Mikhail Beg, Laura Kelly, Jinto Mathew, Neil Ryan

Annual SHSP Student Research and Scholarship Day

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of The Geographical Distribution Of Primary Care Physicians In Nebraska, Chanhyun Park

Community and Regional Planning Program: Theses

Many articles point out that there is a disparity between rural and urban areas in healthcare service. The disparity is derived from the locational choices of physicians which are influenced by diverse factors such as backgrounds where they grew up or type of facility at which they worked. This study examines physician movements which vary depending on the types of physician and facility in Nebraska. The research dataset are annual practicing records of all primary care physicians and business information of the facilities in Nebraska from 1998 to 2019. The study result shows that there is little difference in physicians’ …

Allowing Entry Of Foreign Health Professionals In Containing The Covid-19 Pandemic In The Philippines, Tereso S. Tullao, John Paolo R. Rivera, Cynthia P. Cudia

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

In light of the risks posed by COVID-19 on Filipino health care professionals, this Angelo King Institute of Economic and Business Studies policy brief recommends short-term solutions that may support in containing the outbreak and at the same time mitigate the risks. Authored by Dr. Tereso Tullao, Jr., John Paolo Rivera, and Dr. Cynthia Caudia

The Impact Of Financial Incentives On Urban-Rural Disparities In Dental Supply: Evidence From Thailand, Rakchanok Noochpoung

Theses and Dissertations

Financial incentive is one of the common strategies used to attract healthcare workers in rural and remote areas. Both high-income and low-income countries extensively use financial strategy to tackle the disparity distribution of healthcare workers. However, most studies were conducted in developed countries and assessed positive incentives programs. Previous studies showed the effectiveness of financial incentives on recruitment and retention of healthcare workers. Current studies show that most of the financial incentives supported for education such as scholarships and loan repayment programs are effective. A few studies assessed the effectiveness of direct payment incentive programs, especially in low-middle income countries. …

Magnet Recognition (Mr) And Hospital Quality Outcomes In The U.S.A– Analysis Based On 2017 Hospital Data, Abdulmalik Alhammad

Theses and Dissertations

The American Nurse Credentialing Center (ANCC) introduced Magnet Recognition (MR) in the U.S.A in 1994. Magnet Recognition was adopted based on the findings of a comprehensive study (conducted in 1983) that tried to identify factors explaining high rates of nurses’ retention in 41 hospitals in the U.S.A.

The objective is to compare MHs with the hospitals not recognized as “Magnet” (non-MHs) in terms of important outcomes of the health system and to examine whether the MHs themselves vary significantly in terms of the outcomes.

All the general specialty of MHs (367 hospitals) and their matched of non-MHs (380 hospitals) in …