Public Health Commons^™

How Much Do We Spend? Creating Historical Estimates Of Public Health Expenditures In The United States At The Federal, State, And Local Levels, Jonathon P. Leider, Beth Resnick, David Bishai, F. Douglas Scutchfield

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

The United States has a complex governmental public health system. Agencies at the federal, state, and local levels all contribute to the protection and promotion of the population's health. Whether the modern public health system is well situated to deliver essential public health services, however, is an open question. In some part, its readiness relates to how agencies are funded and to what ends. A mix of Federalism, home rule, and happenstance has contributed to a siloed funding system in the United States, whereby health agencies are given particular dollars for particular tasks. Little discretionary funding remains. Furthermore, tracking how …

Inpatient Satisfaction At Different Public Sector Hospitals Of A Metropolitan City In Pakistan: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study, Mehwish Hussain, Rehana Rehman, Zia Ikramuddin, Nava Asad, Ayesha Farooq

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To observe inpatient satisfaction at different public sector hospitals of Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during 2010-2012 in four major public sector hospitals of Karachi. A total of 710 patients completed the study. Responses were gathered in a self-structured questionnaire that comprised of four dimensions of satisfaction with doctor, staff, administration and treatment. Average Score of each dimension was taken and compared using one way analysis of variance.
Result: Satisfaction with doctors, staff and administration of provincial and federal hospitals were comparatively similar (P > 0.05). However, satisfaction with treatment significantly differed in all four …

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines Epidemiologists as Preceptors

Family Impact Seminar 2018: The Kids Are Not All Right: Policy Options To Address Youth Trauma In Massachusetts, Denise Hines, Laurie Ross Ph.D, Marianne Sarkis Ph.D

Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise

Family Impact Seminars are a series of annual seminars, briefing reports, and discussion sessions that provide up-to-date, solution-oriented research on current issues for state legislators and their aides. The seminars provide objective, nonpartisan research on current issues and do not lobby for particular policies. Seminar participants discuss policy options and identify common ground where it exists.

The Kids are NOT All Right: Policy Options to Address Youth Trauma in Massachusetts is the ninth Massachusetts Family Impact Seminar. Today’s seminar is designed to emphasize a family perspective in policymaking on issues related to early intervention in childhood trauma, sex trafficking and …

Supervising Ebt: What Content Do Workplace-Based Supervisors Cover And What Techniques Do They Use?, Shannon Dorsey, Michael D Pullmann, Suzanne E.U. Kerns, Esther Deblinger, Leah Lucid, Julie P Harrison, Kelly Thompson, Lucy Berliner

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Workplace-based clinical supervision in public mental health is an underutilized resource for supporting evidence- based treatments (EBTs) [1], despite the fact that supervisors may offer a cost-effective way to support clinician fidelity to EBT. Very little, however, is known about the content and techniques used by workplace-based supervisors [2]; particularly in the context of EBT implementation [3].

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Conducts an Analysis of Food Service Risk Classification and Violation Frequency

Addressing Hydrocephaly In Viet Nam: A Plausible Prevention And Intervention Medical Support Program Proposal, Chelle Mcintyre-Brewer

UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair

Families affected by hydrocephalus in Viet Nam have few options for sustainable treatment for a myriad of reasons, primarily centering on barriers to care prevalent to minority, underserved, and economically disadvantaged populations. High morbidity and abandonment rates often result from these circumstances. An interdisciplinary examination of the factors contributing to causal concerns reveals unique cultural considerations, language and literacy barriers, ethnic and geographic differences, as well as economic and governmental issues greatly impacting patient outcome for this condition. The author contends that a program that addresses sociological concerns, along with the medical treatment of the patient, proffers the opportunity for …

A Longitudinal Analysis Of The Impact Of Child Custody Loss On Drug Use And Crime Among A Sample Of African American Mothers, Kathi L. H. Harp, Carrie B. Oser

Health Management and Policy Faculty Publications

This study examines the influence of child custody loss on drug use and crime among a sample of African American mothers. Two types of custody loss are examined: informal custody loss (child living apart from mother but courts not involved), and official loss (child removed from mother’s care by authorities).

Methods—Using data from 339 African American women, longitudinal random coefficient models analyzed the effects of each type of custody loss on subsequent drug use and crime.

Results—Results indicated that both informal and official custody loss predicted increased drug use, and informal loss predicted increased criminal involvement. Findings demonstrate …

Identifying Windows Of Opportunity For Active Living And Healthy Eating Policies In Connecticut, 2016, Anna E. Greer, Ann-Uriel Knausenberger

Public Health Faculty Publications

We examined the relative importance of 23 community issues among elected officials and health directors in Connecticut in 2016. For this cross-sectional study, 74 elected officials (40.7% response rate) and 47 health directors (62.7% response rate), who were purposively sampled, completed a questionnaire to rate their perceived importance of 23 community issues. Eight of these issues were related to active living, healthy eating, or obesity. We used χ2 tests to evaluate differences in responses. Compared with elected officials, health directors significantly more often perceived obesity, access to healthy groceries, poor nutrition, lack of pedestrian walkways, and pedestrian safety as important. …

Wellness And Multiple Sclerosis: The National Ms Society Establishes A Wellness Research Working Group And Research Priorities, Robert W. Motl, Ellen M. Mowry, Dawn M. Ehde, Nicholas G. Larocca, Kathy E. Smith, Kathleen Costello, Lynne Shinto, Alexander V. Ng, Amy B. Sullivan, Barbara Giesser, Kevin K. Mccully, Bo Fernhall, Malachy Bishop, Matthew Plow, Patrizia Casaccia, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti

Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education Faculty Publications

Background: People with multiple sclerosis (MS) have identified “wellness” and associated behaviors as a high priority based on “social media listening” undertaken by the National MS Society (i.e. the Society).

Objective: The Society recently convened a group that consisted of researchers with experience in MS and wellness-related research, Society staff members, and an individual with MS for developing recommendations regarding a wellness research agenda.

Method: The members of the group engaged in focal reviews and discussions involving the state of science within three approaches for promoting wellness in MS, namely diet, exercise, and emotional wellness.

Results: That process informed a …

Rural Family Physicians In Patient Centered Medical Homes Have A Broader Scope Of Practice, Lars E. Peterson, Bo Fang

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

Overview

• Rural family physicians often have a broader scope of practice, defined as the range of clinical and procedural services that they provide, than urban family physicians. The Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH) model of care is intended to provide accessible and comprehensive care, but little is known about how practicing in a PCMH is associated with rural family physicians’ scope of practice.
• Using data from 18,846 family physicians nationally, we found that rural family physicians working in PCMH practices generally provide a wider scope of clinical and procedural services than those not working in PCMH practices.

Rural Family Physicians Have A Broader Scope Of Practice Than Urban Family Physicians, Lars E. Peterson, Bo Fang

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

Overview of Key Findings

• Little is known about whether rural family physicians provide a broader scope of practice, defined as the range of clinical and procedural services that they provide, than metropolitan family physicians.
• Using data from 18,846 family physicians, we examined variations in the provision of 21 clinical services (e.g., inpatient care, home visits, and obstetrics) and 18 procedural services (e.g., prenatal ultrasound, endoscopy, and office skin procedures) across metropolitan, large rural, small rural, and frontier areas.
• We found that the percentage of family physicians providing each type of clinical and procedural service rises with increasing rurality.

Rural/Urban Disparities In Pneumococcal Vaccine Service Delivery Among The Fee-For-Service Medicare Population, Jeffery C. Talbert, Aric Schadler, Patricia R. Freeman

Rural & Underserved Health Research Center Publications

Overview of Key Findings

• In 2014, the overall mean vaccination rate in urban areas was 4.66 compared to a mean vaccination rate of 2.81 in rural areas, indicating a 40% lower mean vaccination rate in rural communities.
• The majority of pneumococcal vaccine services delivered to fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries were provided by primary care providers, although pharmacy providers delivered close to one-fourth (22.2%) of these services.
• The proportion of pneumococcal vaccine services delivered by pharmacy providers was significantly greater in rural versus urban counties (29.4% vs. 21.1%).
• Consistent with previous literature, county characteristics positively associated with pneumococcal vaccine service delivery include …

Wdph 2017 Summer Internship Report, Lauren Meininger

Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise

In the spring of 2014, the Worcester Division of Public Health, UMass Memorial Health Care, and Clark University’s Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise joined forces to begin developing a partnership that would combine academic resources, student input, and public health needs in the City of Worcester. Founders of this program were motivated to seek and implement innovative interventions for public health issues while simultaneously inspiring a new generation of public health professionals.

Each year, the Academic Health Collaborative of Worcester (AHCW) brings in student interns to work on the pressing public health issues of the moment. Interns work alongside epidemiologists, …

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines Coliphage as a Quality Indicator of Beach Water

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Conducts After-action Review of H1N1 Influenza Outbreak Response

Policy Determinants Of Physical Activity Across The Life Course: A Dedipac' Umbrella Systematic Literature Review, Anna Puggina, Katina Aleksovska, Christoph Buck, Con Burns, Greet Cardon, Angela Carlin, Simon Chantal, Donatella Ciarapica, Giancarlo Condello, Tara Coppinger, Cristina Cortis, Sara D'Haese, Marieke De Craemer, Andrea Di Blasio, Sylvia Hansen, Licia Iacoviello, Johann Issartel, Pascal Izzicupo, Lina Jaeschke, Martina Kanning, Aileen Kennedy, Fiona Chun Man Ling, Agnes Luzak, Giorgio Napolitano, Julie Anne Nazare, Camille Perchoux, Tobias Pischon, Angela Polito, Alessandra Sannella, Holger Schulz, Rhoda Sohun, Astrid Steinbrecher

Publications

Background Despite the large number of studies and reviews available, the evidence regarding the policy determinants of physical activity (PA) is inconclusive. This umbrella systematic literature review (SLR) summarizes the current evidence on the policy determinants of PA across the life course, by pooling the results of the available SLRs and meta-analyses (MAs). Methods A systematic online search was conducted on MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases up to April 2016. SLRs and MAs of observational studies investigating the association between policy determinants of PA and having PA as outcome were considered eligible. The extracted data were …

Implementing A Mobile Health System To Integrate The Treatment Of Addiction Into Primary Care: A Hybrid Implementation-Effectiveness Study, Andrew Quanbeck, David H. Gustafson, Lisa A. Marsch, Ming-Yuan Chih, Rachel Kornfield, Fiona Mctavish, Roberta Johnson, Randall T. Brown, Marie-Louise Mares, Dhavan V. Shah

Health and Clinical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Despite the near ubiquity of mobile phones, little research has been conducted on the implementation of mobile health (mHealth) apps to treat patients in primary care. Although primary care clinicians routinely treat chronic conditions such as asthma and diabetes, they rarely treat addiction, a common chronic condition. Instead, addiction is most often treated in the US health care system, if it is treated at all, in a separate behavioral health system. mHealth could help integrate addiction treatment in primary care.

Objective: The objective of this paper was to report the effects of implementing an mHealth system for addiction in …

Analysis Of Policy Implementation For The Improvement Capability Of Internal Government Supervisory Apparatus (Apip) At Inspectorate General Of Ministry Of Health, Ajeng Hadiati Sarjono, Wachyu Sulistiadi

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

The capability of the Internal Government Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) is the ability to carry out supervisory tasks consisting of three interrelated elements: capacity, authority, and competence. The objective of this research is to give policy recommendations for enhanced APIP capability in the Inspectorate General of the Ministry of Health. This research is a descriptive study with qualitative analysis method with in-depth interview and literature study. Results of this research indicate that there are some obstacles: the socialization done only to some employees of Itjen; no Special Team on the process of improving APIP capability; the time and task division is …

Policy Implementation Analysis On Exclusive Breastfeeding In Working Area Of Cicalengka Community Health Center In Bandung Regency West Java, Innana Mardhatillah, Yaslis Ilyas

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Data and information on the health profile of Indonesia in 2016 showed only 29.5% of infants receive exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, the low level of exclusive breastfeeding made the government issue a regulation on exclusive breastfeeding in Government Regulation Number 33 of 2012. The study aimed to analyze the policy implementation of exclusive breastfeeding at Cicalengka Community Health Center. The study used qualitative analysis with in-depth interview method, focus group discussion and literature study. The result of this study shows that breastfeeding policy implementation in health centers is not optimal, as seen from the low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding. …

Analysis Of Factors Related To Employee Behavior In Implementing Patient Safety Program At Insan Permata Woman And Child Hospital Tangerang, Martha Fransisca, Ede Surya Darmawan

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Insan Permata Woman and Child Hospital was facing Patient Safety Incidence especially for periode of mid to late 2016 there were 12 incidents and 11 phlebitis cases. This indicated a gap between the conditions in the field and the ideal situation that should be achieved. This study aimed to see how the behavior of employees in implementing patient safety program and the factors that influence it. The sample of this study were 151 respondents as sample, consist of health and non health workers. The patient safety program focused on the accuracy of patient identification, reduction of risk of infection and …

The Factors Of Management, Communication, Partnership, And Innovation In The Implementation Of Posbindu (Integrated Health Post) Ncd: A Study In Kelurahan Gunung Batu Bogor City, Siti Khodijah Parinduri, Pujiyanto Pujiyanto

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

By 2015, 68% of deaths in Indonesia are due to non-communicable diseases (NCD) and are forecast to increase to 74% by 2030. Riskesdas data of 2013 show that 69.6% of cases of diabetes mellitus and 63.2% of cases of hypertension have not been diagnosed. The government has been trying to proactively make efforts to prevent NCD through the implementation of Posbindu (Integrated Health Post) NCD, but visit Posbindu NCD in the work area of Pasir Mulya Puskesmas, Bogor City is very diverse. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of management, communication, partnership, and innovation in the …

Analysis Of Partnership Of Private Practice Midwife In The National Health Insurance Program In District Bungo Jambi Province, Nurlie Azwar, Prastuti Soewondo

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

On January 1, 2014, the government began to implement the National Health Insurance (NHI) program to realize social welfare for the whole community. Midwifery and neonatal care in the NHI program involves Puskesmas/family doctors and Private Practice Midwife (PPM) as its network. PPM participation in the NHI program in Bungo District was still lacking, only 12 (54.5%) PPM have cooperated with family doctors from 22 existing PPM. This study aimed to get an overview of PPM participation in the NHI program in Bungo District, Jambi Province. The study used qualitative research approach with Rapid Assessment Prosedur design, purposive sampling, and …

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines Georgia’s Critical Access Hospital’s
• Georgia Southern Examines Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Mortality among Hispanic Women
• Georgia Southern Examines Physician Attitudes

The Use Of External Change Agents To Promote Quality Improvement And Organizational Change In Healthcare Organizations: A Systematic Review, Esra Alagoz, Ming-Yuan Chih, Mary Hitchcock, Randall Brown, Andrew Quanbeck

Health and Clinical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: External change agents can play an essential role in healthcare organizational change efforts. This systematic review examines the role that external change agents have played within the context of multifaceted interventions designed to promote organizational change in healthcare-specifically, in primary care settings.

Methods: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Academic Search Premier Databases in July 2016 for randomized trials published (in English) between January 1, 2005 and June 30, 2016 in which external agents were part of multifaceted organizational change strategies. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. A total of 477 abstracts were identified …

Objective Coding Of Content And Techniques In Workplace-Based Supervision Of An Ebt In Public Mental Health, Shannon Dorsey, Suzanne E U Kerns, Leah Lucid, Michael D Pullmann, Julie P Harrison, Lucy Berliner, Kelly Thompson, Esther Deblinger

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

BACKGROUND: Workplace-based clinical supervision as an implementation strategy to support evidence-based treatment (EBT) in public mental health has received limited research attention. A commonly provided infrastructure support, it may offer a relatively cost-neutral implementation strategy for organizations. However, research has not objectively examined workplace-based supervision of EBT and specifically how it might differ from EBT supervision provided in efficacy and effectiveness trials.

METHODS: Data come from a descriptive study of supervision in the context of a state-funded EBT implementation effort. Verbal interactions from audio recordings of 438 supervision sessions between 28 supervisors and 70 clinicians from 17 public mental health …

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines Operational and Financial Performance of Georgia’s Critical Access Hospitals

Approaches To Integrating Service Learning In The Public Health Administration Course, Sandra Liu, Ali Bianco

Engagement & Service-Learning Summit

No abstract provided.

Relative Roles Of Race Versus Socioeconomic Position In Studies Of Health Inequalities: A Matter Of Interpretation, Amani Nuru-Jeter, Elizabeth Michaels, Marilyn D. Thomas, Alexis Reeves, Roland Thorpe, Thomas A. Laveist

Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications

An abundance of research has documented health inequalities by race and socioeconomic position (SEP) in the United States. However, conceptual and methodological challenges complicate the interpretation of study findings, thereby limiting progress in understanding health inequalities and in achieving health equity. Fundamental to these challenges is a lack of clarity about what race is and the implications of that ambiguity for scientific inquiry. Additionally, there is wide variability in how SEP is conceptualized and measured, resulting in a lack of comparability across studies and significant misclassification of risk. The objectives of this review are to synthesize the literature regarding common …

Tonga: Chronic Diseases, Muhammad Taimoor

Global Public Health

Tonga is an Archipelago in the south Pacific Ocean, south of Samoa. The public health brief project is on chronic diseases in Tonga. The total population of Tonga was 107,122 in 2010. The Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga is the established religion in Tonga. Tongan’s make up the majority of the population but there are other ethnicities such as Euromericans and Europeans too. The major challenges faced by Tonga are decaying infrastructure, low economy, and political corruption. The widespread of non-communicable diseases such as cancer is a major health issue in Tonga. 74% of all adults in Tonga are the …