Public Health Commons^™

Prevalence Of Health-Risk Behaviors And Mental Well-Being Of Asean University Students In Covid-19 Pandemic, Hanif Abdul Raman, Areekul Amornsriwatanakul, Khadizah H. Abdul-Mumin, Denny Agustiningsih, Surasak Chaiyasong, Michael Chia, Supat Chupradit, Le Quang Huy, Katiya Ivanovitch, Ma. Henrietta Teresa O. De La Cruz

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

The prevalence of epidemiological health-risk behaviors and mental well-being in the COVID-19 pandemic, stratified by sociodemographic factors in Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) university students, were examined in the research. Data were collected in March–June 2021 via an online survey from 15,366 university students from 17 universities in seven ASEAN countries. Analyzed data comprised results on physical activity, health-related behaviors, mental well-being, and sociodemographic information. A large proportion of university students consumed sugar-sweetened beverages (82.0%; 95%CI: 81.4, 82.6) and snacks/fast food daily (65.2%; 95%CI: 64.4, 66.0). About half (52.2%; 95%CI: 51.4, 53.0) consumed less than the recommended daily …

Mental Health, Chronic Disease, And Substance Use: Findings From Rural Texas, Subi Gandhi, Ryan Glaman, Elizabeth Wachira, Muna Bashir, Sushma Sharma, Chelsea Mowles, Jasmine Luttrell

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

There are vital links among mental health conditions, chronic diseases, and substance use disorders. Simultaneous examination of the relationship among these three conditions is essential for providing well-integrated care to rural residents who have limited resources and for representing medically underserved areas. We aimed to assess the burden of behavioral health conditions and chronic diseases from a rural Texas community to garner context-specific insights and inform effective health promotion strategies in similar communities. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 181 residents from various zip codes in a rural Texas county. A self-administered, 18-item health-needs questionnaire was used to collect data …

Integrating Conformational Dynamics And Perturbation-Based Network Modeling For Mutational Profiling Of Binding And Allostery In The Sars-Cov-2 Spike Variant Complexes With Antibodies: Balancing Local And Global Determinants Of Mutational Escape Mechanisms, Gennady M. Verkhivker, Steve Agajanian, Ryan Kassab, Keerthi Krishnan

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

n this study, we combined all-atom MD simulations, the ensemble-based mutational scanning of protein stability and binding, and perturbation-based network profiling of allosteric interactions in the SARS-CoV-2 spike complexes with a panel of cross-reactive and ultra-potent single antibodies (B1-182.1 and A23-58.1) as well as antibody combinations (A19-61.1/B1-182.1 and A19-46.1/B1-182.1). Using this approach, we quantify the local and global effects of mutations in the complexes, identify protein stability centers, characterize binding energy hotspots, and predict the allosteric control points of long-range interactions and communications. Conformational dynamics and distance fluctuation analysis revealed the antibody-specific signatures of protein stability and flexibility of the …

What About Anosmia From Covid-19 ?, Sharanya S E Santhi, Sara Elnour, Steven B Lippmann

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Drug-Target Network Study Reveals The Core Target-Protein Interactions Of Various Covid-19 Treatments, Yulin Dai, Hui Yu, Qiheng Yan, Bingrui Li, Andi Liu, Wendao Liu, Xiaoqian Jiang, Yejin Kim, Yan Guo, Zhongming Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a dramatic loss of human life and devastated the worldwide economy. Numerous efforts have been made to mitigate COVID-19 symptoms and reduce the death rate. We conducted literature mining of more than 250 thousand published works and curated the 174 most widely used COVID-19 medications. Overlaid with the human protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, we used Steiner tree analysis to extract a core subnetwork that grew from the pharmacological targets of ten credible drugs ascertained by the CTD database. The resultant core subnetwork consisted of 34 interconnected genes, which were associated with 36 …

The Prevalence And Impact Of Adolescent Hospitalization To Adult Psychiatric Units., Samantha Mcrae, Jordan Edwards, Kathy N Speechley, Javeed Sukhera, Guangyong Zou, Kelly K. Anderson

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

BACKGROUND: With increasing psychiatric hospitalizations among adolescents and constrained hospital resources, there are times when youth are hospitalized in adult inpatient psychiatry units. Evidence on the prevalence of this practice and associated impacts is lacking.

AIMS: We sought to explore the prevalence, determinants, and outcomes related to the hospitalization of adolescents aged 12-17 years on adult inpatient psychiatry units in Ontario.

METHODS: Using health administrative data, we constructed a cohort of adolescents with an inpatient psychiatric admission in Ontario (2007-2011). We classified adolescents as having an admission to an adult psychiatry unit or to other inpatient units. Multivariable regression models …

Association Between Postpartum Weight Retention And The Dietary Inflammatory Index, Nyrobi Tyson

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The objective of this thesis is to examine the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), measured during the postpartum period, and postpartum weight retention.

Setting and Participants: We used the Infant Feeding Practices Study (IFPS) II (n=5000), a longitudinal study of women from late pregnancy through their infant’s first year of life conducted between 2005 and 2007. Survey topics included feeding practices, infant health, food allergies, sleeping arrangements, mother’s employment, childcare, and mother’s dietary intake.

Main Outcomes: Postpartum weight retention (PPWR) was calculated in kilograms by subtracting self-reported body weight at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postpartum …

Rural-Urban Differences In Survival Among People With Early Onset Colorectal Cancer, Radhika Ranganathan

Theses and Dissertations

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most among cancer deaths both in the US and globally. Early Onset Colorectal Cancer (EOCRC), occurring between the ages of 20 and 49, has continued to rise over the past decades. Several studies have reported a persistent increase in EOCRC incidence and mortality, especially in rural areas as compared to urban areas, despite decreases in rates for people over the age of 50 years. Increase in EOCRC may have played a role in lowering the age of screening recommendation to 45-49 age group. The objective of this study …

Covid-Associated Avascular Necrosis Of The Maxilla-A Rare, New Side Effect Of Covid-19, Victoria A Mañón, Steven Balandran, Simon Young, Mark Wong, James C Melville

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to present an interesting, rare case of a patient who experienced avascular necrosis of the maxilla associated with COVID-19 infection.

Methods and results: Our team retrospectively evaluated this patient's chart after completion of surgical management. The patient is a 72-year-old male who presented to the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston for surgical management of his infarcted maxilla, which developed as a sequela of infection with COVID-19. A literature review was completed using PubMed. Twenty-five articles are reviewed and discussed.

Conclusions: Infection with COVID-19 confers a hypercoagulable state in patients, leading …

Unearthing An Emerging Neglected Bacterial Disease: Evidence Of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses In El Salvador, Kyndall Christian Braumuller

Theses and Dissertations

The main objectives of this dissertation were to investigate the seroprevalence of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses (SFGR) antibodies in a specific vulnerable population at high risk for vector-borne disease in El Salvador, understand the relevant risk factors for SFGR past and acute infection in this same population through logistic regression modeling, and clarify the presence of SFGR bacteria in locally collected ticks.

SFGR are a group of bacterial diseases caused by species in the Rickettsia genus of the phylogenetic spotted fever group. These are tick-borne diseases (TBD) that have been described in almost every region of the world. SFGR are …

Trajectories, Prevention Strategies, And Health Impacts Of Perinatal Depression, Sabrina Karim

Theses and Dissertations

Background

Perinatal depression is one of the most common and underdiagnosed obstetric complications. Extant research on perinatal depression is mostly focused on white women and women who are not at risk for depression. Little is known about the trajectories, prevention strategies and adverse outcomes of perinatal depression among high-risk populations, for example, women with overweight and obesity or women of color or low socioeconomic status.

Purpose

Our study examined the longitudinal trajectories of perinatal depression, effect of a behavioral lifestyle intervention on perinatal depression and association between prenatal physical activity and perinatal depression among women with overweight and obesity. We …

Novel Scoring Systems To Predict The Need For Oxygenation And Icu Care, And Mortality In Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients: A Risk Stratification Tool, Vishakh C Keri, Pankaj Jorwal, Rohit Verma, Piyush Ranjan, Ashish D Upadhyay, Anivita Aggarwal, Radhika Sarda, Kunal Sharma, Shubham Sahni, Chaithra Rajanna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: A rapid surge in cases during the COVID-19 pandemic can overwhelm any healthcare system. It is imperative to triage patients who would require oxygen and ICU care, and predict mortality. Specific parameters at admission may help in identifying them.

METHODOLOGY: A prospective observational study was undertaken in a COVID-19 ward of a tertiary care center. All baseline clinical and laboratory data were captured. Patients were followed till death or discharge. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to find predictors of the need for oxygen, need for ICU care, and mortality. Objective scoring systems were developed for the same …

Third Year Medical Student Knowledge Gaps After A Virtual Surgical Rotation, Sophia Hernandez, Siyou Song, Ogonna N Nnamani Silva, Chelsie Anderson, Alexander S Kim, Andre R Campbell, Edward H Kim, Adnan Alseidi, Elizabeth C Wick, Julie Ann Sosa, Jessica Gosnell, Matthew Y C Lin, Sanziana A Roman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: This study describes perceived knowledge gaps of third-year medical students after participating in a virtual surgical didactic rotation (EMLR) and shortened in-person surgery rotation during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

METHODS: Open-ended and Likert questions were administered at the end of the virtual rotation and inperson-surgical rotation to medical students. Three blinded coders identified themes by semantic analysis.

RESULTS: 82 students (51% of all MS3s) participated in the EMLR. Semantic analysis revealed gaps in perioperative management (Post-EMLR:18.4%, Post-Inpatient:26.5%), anatomy (Post-EMLR:8.2%, PostInpatient:26.5%). and surgical skills (Post-EMLR: 43.0%, Post-Inpatient: 44.1%). Students also described gaps related to OR etiquette (Post-EMLR: 12.2%, Post-Inpatient: 8.8%) and …

Genomic Epidemiology Of Salmonella Typhi In Central Division, Fiji, 2012 To 2016, Mark R. Davies, Sebastian Duchene, Mary Valcanis, Aaron P. Jenkins, Adam Jenney, Varanisese Rosa, Andrew J. Hayes, Aneley Getahun Strobel, Liam Mcintyre, Jake A. Lacey, Elizabeth J. Klemm, Vanessa K. Wong, Aalisha Sahukhan, Helen Thomson, Andrew Page, Dianna Hocking, Nancy Wang, Litia Tudravu, Eric Rafai, Gordon Dougan, Benjamin P. Howden, John A. Crump, Kim Mulholland, Richard A. Strugnell

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Typhoid fever is endemic in some Pacific Island Countries including Fiji and Samoa yet genomic surveillance is not routine in such settings. Previous studies suggested imports of the global H58 clade of Salmonella enterica var Typhi (Salmonella Typhi) contribute to disease in these countries which, given the MDR potential of H58, does not auger well for treatment. The objective of the study was to define the genomic epidemiology of Salmonella Typhi in Fiji. Methods: Genomic sequencing approaches were implemented to study the distribution of 255 Salmonella Typhi isolates from the Central Division of Fiji. We augmented epidemiological surveillance and …

Monkeypox: A Contemporary Review For Healthcare Professionals, Boghuma K Titanji, Bryan Tegomoh, Saman Nematollahi, Michael Konomos, Prathit A Kulkarni

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The ongoing 2022 multicountry outbreak of monkeypox is the largest in history to occur outside of Africa. Monkeypox is an emerging zoonotic disease that for decades has been viewed as an infectious disease with significant epidemic potential because of the increasing occurrence of human outbreaks in recent years. As public health entities work to contain the current outbreak, healthcare professionals globally are aiming to become familiar with the various clinical presentations and management of this infection. We present in this review an updated overview of monkeypox for healthcare professionals in the context of the ongoing outbreaks around the world.

Breast Cancer Diagnosis And Treatment During The Covid-19 Pandemic In A Nationwide, Insured Population, Jennifer L Caswell-Jin, Maryam N Shafaee, Lan Xiao, Mina Liu, Esther M John, Melissa L Bondy, Allison W Kurian

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Purpose: The early months of the COVID-19 pandemic led to reduced cancer screenings and delayed cancer surgeries. We used insurance claims data to understand how breast cancer incidence and treatment after diagnosis changed nationwide over the course of the pandemic.

Methods: Using the Optum Research Database from January 2017 to March 2021, including approximately 19 million US adults with commercial health insurance, we identified new breast cancer diagnoses and first treatment after diagnosis. We compared breast cancer incidence and proportion of newly diagnosed patients receiving pre-operative systemic therapy pre-COVID, in the first 2 months of the COVID pandemic and in …

Pilot Phase Results Of A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial Of Narrowband Ultraviolet B Phototherapy In Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients, Frank H Lau, Catherine E Powell, Giacomo Adonecchi, Denise M Danos, Andrew R Dinardo, Robert J Chugden, Peter Wolf, Carmen F Castilla

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

COVID-19 morbidity and mortality are driven by poor immune regulation. Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy is standard of care in a number of immune-dysregulated diseases. To assess the efficacy of NB-UVB phototherapy for improving COVID-19 outcomes in high-risk, hospitalized, we developed the Adaptive Photo-Protection Trial. This is a multi-center, prospective, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The pilot phase results are reported here. Consecutive patients admitted with a positive COVID-19 PCR were screened for eligibility. Enrolled subjects were computer randomized 1:1 to NB-UVB or placebo phototherapy. Subjects were treated daily with escalating doses on 27% of their body surface area for up …

Innovation And Missed Opportunities In Internal Medicine Undergraduate Education During Covid-19: Results From A National Survey, Irene Alexandraki, Katherine J Walsh, Temple Ratcliffe, Chavon Onumah, Karen Szauter, Camilla Curren, Nora Osman, Cindy J Lai, Deborah Dewaay, Nicholas S Duca, Amy Weinstein, Nadia Ismail, Jackcy Jacob, Michael Kisielewski, Amber T Pincavage

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 disrupted undergraduate clinical education when medical schools removed students from clinical rotations following AAMC recommendations. Clerkship directors (CDs) had to adapt rapidly and modify clerkship curricula. However, the scope and effects of these modifications are unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of the initial phase of COVID-19 on the internal medicine (IM) undergraduate clinical education.

DESIGN: A nationally representative web survey.

PARTICIPANTS: IM CDs from 137 LCME-accredited US medical schools in 2020.

MAIN MEASURES: Items (80) assessed clerkship structure and curriculum, assessment in clerkships, post-clerkship IM clinical experiences, and CD roles and support. The framework of Understanding Crisis …

Detection Accuracy Of The Cobas Hpv Assay For High-Risk Hpv In Head And Neck Fna Biopsy Specimens, Ming Guo, Abha Khanna, Agata A Tinnirello, Jessica Hwang, Ping Zhang, Li Xu, Guojun Li, Kristina R Dahlstrom, Erich M Sturgis, John Stewart

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the detection accuracy of the Cobas human papillomavirus (HPV) assay for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and HPV-16 in head and neck fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens with squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODS: Head and neck FNA biopsy specimens from 2012 to 2020 were retrospectively collected. Cobas HPV testing was performed on 90 FNA specimens with valid Cervista HPV testing results. Results of Cobas HPV and Cervista HPV assays were compared. A Linear Array or SPF10-LiPA25 HPV genotyping assay resolved cases with discrepant results. The κ value and accuracy of Cobas HPV testing were calculated. The accuracy of the …

Assessing Covid-19 Booster Hesitancy And Its Correlates: An Early Evidence From India, Geetanjali C. Achrekar, Kavita Batra, Yashashri Urankar, Ravi Batra, Naved Iqbal, Sabiha A. Choudhury, Deepti Hooda, Roohi Khan, Suraj Arora, Aditi Singh, Francesco Chirico, Manoj Sharma

School of Medicine Faculty Research

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 mutants, waning immunity, and breakthrough infections prompted the use of booster doses of the COVID-19 vaccine to fight against the pandemic. India started booster doses in January 2022 and it is critical to determine the intention of booster dose uptake and its correlates. Therefore, the current cross-sectional study aimed to investigate booster dose acceptability and associated predictors among the Indian population. A convenience sampling technique was utilized to recruit a sample of 687 Indian residents. A 55-item psychometric validated survey tool was used to assess booster dose acceptability, vaccine literacy and vaccine confidence. Univariate, bivariate, and …

Determinan Perilaku Merokok Pengunjung Kafe Di Kecamatan Lubuk Pakam, Sintia Safitri, Putra Apriadi Siregar

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Smoking is a habit that is widely practiced today by various groups. A total of 225,700 people died from smoking and other diseases caused by smoking in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the factors that most influence the smoking behavior of kafe visitors in Lubuk Pakam District. This research uses a combination research method (Mixed Method Research) with a Cross Sectional design. The data analysis technique used in this research is bivariate analysis. The results of this study indicate that there are 30 respondents (31.3 percent) who have smoking behavior and 66 respondents (68.8 percent) who do not have …

Analisis Status Depresi Sebagai Faktor Penyebab Hipertensi Berbasis Gender Di Indonesia (Studi Indonesian Family Life Survey 5), Ayik Mirayanti Mandagi, Itsna Faizah Ulfa, Ahmad Rido'i Yuda Prayogi, Rochmad Ardiansyah Pratama, Arini Banowati Azalia Adnin, Fiko Aninun Nur Aisyiyah, Septa Katmawanti

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Depression and hypertension are common and dangerous conditions among the Indonesian population. Measurement of blood pressure and detection of depression need to be done regularly to minimize the impact that occurs in the future. This study aims to determine whether depression is the cause of the incidence of hypertension by gender in Indonesia. The research design used in this study was analytic observation. This study used a cross sectional design, survey with stratified random sampling technique. The data in this study used secondary data based on the results of the Indonesian Family Life Survey Five (IFLS Five) research. Data analysis …

Lama Rawat Inap Pasien Terkonfirmasi Covid-19 Di Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia Dan Faktor Yang Mempengaruhinya., Rizka Fahmia, Helda Helda

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Banyaknya kasus COVID-19 membuat daya tampung fasilitas kesehatan hampir tidak mencukupi untuk memberikan pelayanan medis rawat inap yang memadai pada pasien COVID- 19. Studi yang dilakukan di beberapa negara seperti China, Beijing, Vietnam, Amerika Serikat melaporkan durasi dan faktor risiko rawat inap pasien COVID-19 yang bervariasi. Namun, saat ini penelitian tentang durasi dan faktor risiko lama rawat inap pasien COVID-19 di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui faktor risiko lama rawat inap pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia (RSUI). Desain studi potong lintang dilakukan pada 266 pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yang dirawat inap di RSUI selama Maret sampai dengan …

Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan Dengan Resiliensi Keluarga Penderita Stroke Iskemik Serangan Pertama Di Rs Otak Dr. Drs. M. Hatta (Rsomh) Bukittinggi 2022, Helda Helda

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Penyakit stroke menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi dan merupakan penyumbang ketiga kecacatan secara global. Jenis stroke yang paling umum terjadi di Indonesia adalah stroke iskemik. Sebagian besar penderita stroke mengalami penurunan kognitif dan motorik yang menyebabkan keterbatasan pada penderitanya dalam melakukan aktivitas sehingga keluarga memegang peranan penting pada kondisi penderita stroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pendidikan dengan resiliensi keluarga penderita stroke iskemik serangan pertama. Penelitian ini adalah studi kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional yang menggunakan data primer pada bulan Januari-Februari 2022 di poli rawat inap Rumah Sakit Otak Dr. Drs. M. Hatta Bukittinggi (RSOMH). Sampel penelitian …

Trend Of Non-Pharmacological Therapy For First Phase Of Active Labor Pain: A Pilot Study, Agus Gunadi, Nurhayati Adnan Prihartono

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

There are several of non-pharmacological therapies to be used as caring practice to mother with labor pain. This study aimed to observe the effectiveness of both single and combination therapy of warm compresses and counter pressure massage (CPM) for the management of labor pain during the first active phase through medical records. This is a pilot study that used a cohort prospective design. The total number of respondents was 90 respondents, divided into 3 groups based on the non-pharmacological therapy that was given by the midwives or nurses. Pain level was measured with NRS 11. The study was conducted at …

Hubungan Karakteristik Ibu Dengan Sikap Responsif Anak, Yuri Nurdiantami

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Sikap responsif seorang anak terhadap ibunya merupakan salah satu sikap yang akan terbentuk melalui pola pengasuhan. Pola asuh tidak terlepas dari karakterstik dalam diri orang tua, terlebih ibu. Karakteristik tersebut memberi warna dalam pola asuh yang diterapkan pada anak. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, studi ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara karakteristik ibu dengan sikap responsif pada anak. Studi ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode online survey dan wawancara yang disertai observasi. Subjek studi sebanyak 88 responden. Sikap responsif anak dilihat dari reaksi yang kuat selama berinteraksi dengan ibu maupun bertutur atau berceloteh dengan ibu atau pengasuh. …

Frekuensi Dan Mortalitas Pasien Sepsis Dan Syok Septik Di Icu Rumah Sakit Swasta Tipe B, Di Tangerang Selatan, Abioso Wicaksono, Asri Adisasmita Prof

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Syok septik, yang didefinisikan sebagai sepsis dengan abnormalitas pada system sirkulasi and selular atau metabolic, masih merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian di Intensive Care Unit (ICU) secara global (20%). Studi kros-seksional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi, faktor risiko syok septik dan mortalitas pada pasien sepsis yang dirawat di ICU di Indonesia. Sampel dikumpulkan dari RS tipe B di Tangerang Selatan, Banten tahun 2020. Data yang dikumpulkan terdiri dari tempat infeksi, komorbiditas: Diabetes Melitus (DM) II, hipertensi, penyakit paru obstruksi kronis dan penyakit ginjal Kronis, asal unit sebelum masuk ICU, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), lama rawat …

Expanding Anti-Cd38 Immunotherapy For Lymphoid Malignancies, Xu Wang, Xinfang Yu, Wei Li, Praveen Neeli, Ming Liu, Ling Li, Mingzhi Zhang, Xiaosheng Fang, Ken H Young, Yong Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Lymphoid neoplasms, including multiple myeloma (MM), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and NK/T cell neoplasms, are a major cause of blood cancer morbidity and mortality. CD38 (cyclic ADP ribose hydrolase) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed on the surface of plasma cells and MM cells. The high expression of CD38 across MM and other lymphoid malignancies and its restricted expression in normal tissues make CD38 an attractive target for immunotherapy. CD38-targeting antibodies, like daratumumab, have been approved for the treatment of MM and tested against lymphoma and leukemia in multiple clinical trials.

METHODS: We generated chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting …

Gain-Of-Signal Assays For Probing Inhibition Of Sars-Cov-2 Mpro/3clpro In Living Cells, Seyed Arad Moghadasi, Morgan A Esler, Yuka Otsuka, Jordan T Becker, Sofia N Moraes, Constance B Anderson, Srinivas Chamakuri, Christopher Belica, Chloe Wick, Daniel A Harki, Damian W Young, Louis Scampavia, Timothy P Spicer, Ke Shi, Hideki Aihara, William L Brown, Reuben S Harris

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The main protease, Mpro, of SARS-CoV-2 is required to cleave the viral polyprotein into precise functional units for virus replication and pathogenesis. Here, we report quantitative reporters for Mpro function in living cells in which protease inhibition by genetic or chemical methods results in robust signal readouts by fluorescence (enhanced green fluorescent protein [eGFP]) or bioluminescence (firefly luciferase). These gain-of-signal systems are scalable to high-throughput platforms for quantitative discrimination between Mpro mutants and/or inhibitor potencies as evidenced by validation of several reported inhibitors. Additional utility is shown by single Mpro amino acid variants and structural information combining to demonstrate that …

Association Between The Dietary Inflammatory Index And Gastric Disease Risk: Findings From A Korean Population-Based Cohort Study, Sundara Raj Sreeja, Trong-Dat Le, Bang Wool Eom, Seung Hyun Oh, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., James R. Hébert Scd, Mi Kyung Kim

Faculty Publications

Evidence suggests that diets with high pro-inflammatory potential may play a substantial role in the origin of gastric inflammation. This study aimed to examine the association between the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DIITM) and gastric diseases at baseline and after a mean follow-up of 7.4 years in a Korean population. A total of 144,196 participants from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study_Health Examination (KoGES_HEXA) cohort were included. E-DII scores were computed using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to assess the association between the E-DII and gastric disease risk. In …