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Comparing The Accuracy Of Performing Digital And Paper Checklists Using A Feedback Intervention Package During Normal Workload Conditions In Simulated Flight, William G. Rantz Ph.D., Bryan W. Hilton B.S.
Comparing The Accuracy Of Performing Digital And Paper Checklists Using A Feedback Intervention Package During Normal Workload Conditions In Simulated Flight, William G. Rantz Ph.D., Bryan W. Hilton B.S.
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
This study examined whether pilots completed airplane digital and paper checklists more accurately when they received post-flight graphic and verbal feedback. Participants were 6 college student pilots with instrument ratings. The task consisted of flying flight patterns using a Frasca 241 Flight Training Device which emulates the Cirrus SR20. An alternating treatment, multiple baseline design across pairs with reversal was used. Visual inspection and statistical analysis of the data suggests that paper checklist accuracy does not differ significantly from digital checklist accuracy during normal workload conditions. The results also suggest that graphic feedback and praise can be used to increase …
Results From The First Faa Industry Training Standards (Fits) Commercial Pilot Training Course – A Student’S Perspective, Paul A. Craig, Wendy S. Beckman, Mark Callender, Steve Gossett, Wayne Dornan
Results From The First Faa Industry Training Standards (Fits) Commercial Pilot Training Course – A Student’S Perspective, Paul A. Craig, Wendy S. Beckman, Mark Callender, Steve Gossett, Wayne Dornan
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
In January 2008, students in the Professional Pilot program at Middle Tennessee State University (MTSU) began training using an FAA Industry Training Standards (FITS) Commercial Pilot curriculum. The course was accepted as a scenario-based and competency-based curriculum by the FAA as a “Special Curricula.” Students entered the FITS Commercial Pilot course having completed their Private Pilot Certificate and Instrument Rating. Some of the students had completed a FITS accepted and FAA approved combined Private/Instrument course, while others had completed separate Private Pilot and Instrument courses. The first thirty-three students completed the course with lower total flight times than students have …
Control-Force Inputs Obtained From Pilots And Nonpilots (Flight Attendants): Comparison With Established Handbook Distributions Of Performance, Dennis B. Beringer
Control-Force Inputs Obtained From Pilots And Nonpilots (Flight Attendants): Comparison With Established Handbook Distributions Of Performance, Dennis B. Beringer
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
Earlier reports in this series (Beringer, 2006-2008) have reported the force that pilots and nonpilots could exert on flight controls. This paper presents a comparison of some well-known tables of human strength with the values from recent samples of women and men pilots and nonpilots in an attempt to determine how closely those distributions fit tabled distributions of human strength. Findings suggest that some other samples may be used to approximate the difficult-to-sample Part 121 female pilots if the data are treated properly. Specifically, yoke-activation tasks for the female pilots could be reasonably well approximated by fractional performance values of …
Knowledge And Skill-Based Evaluation Of Simulated And Live Training – From Evaluation Framework To Field Application, Martin Castor, Jonathan Borgvall, Winston Bennett Jr.
Knowledge And Skill-Based Evaluation Of Simulated And Live Training – From Evaluation Framework To Field Application, Martin Castor, Jonathan Borgvall, Winston Bennett Jr.
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
In a study, a simulated spin-up exercise and the corresponding large-scale live military flight training exercise was evaluated based on the Alliger et al. augmented taxonomy of Kirkpatrick’s training criteria. The data collection was developed and designed to assess the training from reactions to in-simulator knowledge and skill development to operative training effect. The basis for the evaluation was knowledge and skills identified with the Mission Essential Competencies (MEC) process. Using surveys, quantitative and qualitative data from 14 fighter pilots were collected regarding reactions to training, perceived training value and additional training needs. This paper will present the rationale and …
Effects Of Visual, Seat, And Platform Motion During Flight Simulator Air Transport Pilot Training And Evaluation, Judith Bürki-Cohen, Andrea L. Sparko, Young Jin Jo, Tiauq H. Go
Effects Of Visual, Seat, And Platform Motion During Flight Simulator Air Transport Pilot Training And Evaluation, Judith Bürki-Cohen, Andrea L. Sparko, Young Jin Jo, Tiauq H. Go
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
Access to affordable and effective flight-simulation training devices (FSTDs) is critical to safely train airline crews in aviating, navigating, communicating, making decisions, and managing flightdeck and crew resources. This paper provides an overview of the Federal Aviation Administration- Volpe Center Flight Simulator Human Factors Program examining the requirements for the qualification and use of FSTDs. We will summarize past research investigating the need for a full hexapod-platform motion system, describe regulatory and industry developments, and report on current activities.
Proposing Attitude Indicator Modifications To Aid In Unusual Attitude Recovery, Nathan B. Maertens
Proposing Attitude Indicator Modifications To Aid In Unusual Attitude Recovery, Nathan B. Maertens
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
Pilots’ inability to recover from unusual attitudes (UA) is a major factor in loss of control in-flight (LOCIF) accidents, the largest cause of commercial aviation fatalities (Boeing, 2008). One study found 58% of professional pilots and 72% of general aviation pilots were unable to recover from LOCIF upsets (Regional Aviation News, 2008). Statistics also show that LOCIF is the only fatal aviation accident type not to appreciably decrease over a 21 year period ending in 2002 (Sumwalt, 2003a). A revision of the attitude indicator (AI) is proposed to examine if this would reduce the problem by keeping pilots from flying …
Development Of Method For Crm Skills Asessment, Hiroka Tsuda, Tomoko Iijima, Fumio Noda, Kohei Funabiki
Development Of Method For Crm Skills Asessment, Hiroka Tsuda, Tomoko Iijima, Fumio Noda, Kohei Funabiki
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
Crew Resource Management (CRM) is currently considered as one of the most effective methods for avoiding human errors or minimizing their effects. In training, measurement of the level of flight crews’ CRM Skills is necessary in order to evaluate objectively which Skills have been adequately learned and which are lacking. The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has developed CRM Skills Behavioral Markers and CRM Skills Measurement Methods that can identify a crew’s level of CRM Skills by which human errors and threats are managed. A series of simulated-LOFT (line oriented flight simulation training) were conducted to examine the applicability of …
Air Traffic Control Crew Resource Management: To Find Truth And Facilitate Change, Skip Grieser M.Ed.
Air Traffic Control Crew Resource Management: To Find Truth And Facilitate Change, Skip Grieser M.Ed.
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
The Federal Aviation Administration’s Air Traffic Organization Office of Safety sponsors a comprehensive and ongoing program of Crew Resource Management (CRM), Human Factors in Air Traffic Control (ATC). CRM begins with a oneday workshop for all field ATC personnel, including management, staff, supervisors, and air traffic controllers. Facilitators present principles and methods in teamwork, individual performance, and Threat and Error Management, and participants discuss and record how they can use those principles and methods in their air traffic operations and safety cultures. Participants identify local safety issues and record their own recommendations, which then are compiled from all the workshops …
Coginitve Task Analysis Of Distributed Network-Centric Information For The Promotion Of Shared Situational Awareness Within Collaborative Uas Operations, Jeffery A. Getzlaff, Allen J. Rowe
Coginitve Task Analysis Of Distributed Network-Centric Information For The Promotion Of Shared Situational Awareness Within Collaborative Uas Operations, Jeffery A. Getzlaff, Allen J. Rowe
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
A hybrid model of cognitive task analysis coupled with activity theory and team cognition was evaluated to determine human-computer interface (HCI) design factors that promote Shared Situational Awareness (SSA) within a collaborative unmanned aerial system (UAS). A computer testbed simulation was created for use with participants in a time-sensitive Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) and weapons engagement mission testing scenario. A cognitive analysis was performed which consisted of a Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA), Applied Cognitive Task Analysis (ACTA), time-sensitive activity analysis, and coordinated team cognition. Results from testing indicated that the promotion of situational awareness (SA) was enabled by network-centric …
Simulator Sickness In The Flight School Xxi Th-67 Flight Motion Simulators, Catherine Webb M.S., Julie Bass Ssg, David Johnson Ph.D., Amanda Kelley Ph.D., Christopher Martin M.D., Robert Wildzunas Ph.D.
Simulator Sickness In The Flight School Xxi Th-67 Flight Motion Simulators, Catherine Webb M.S., Julie Bass Ssg, David Johnson Ph.D., Amanda Kelley Ph.D., Christopher Martin M.D., Robert Wildzunas Ph.D.
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
Simulator sickness (SS) is a common problem during flight training and can affect both instructor pilots (IPs) and student pilots (SPs). This study was conducted in response to complaints about a new rotary wing flight simulator. To investigate, Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) data were collected from 129 SPs and 73 IPs. Analysis of these data helped direct recommendations based on the scientific literature for reducing SS. One year later, a post-test collected SSQ data from 50 SPs and 25 IPs. To test the effectiveness of the recommendations, a 2 (experience) x 2 (time) between-subjects Multivariate Analysis of Variance was used. …
A Network Collaborative Design Construct For The Dissemination Of Aviation Safety Research, Brent D. Bowen, Erin E. Block, Manoj S. Patankar
A Network Collaborative Design Construct For The Dissemination Of Aviation Safety Research, Brent D. Bowen, Erin E. Block, Manoj S. Patankar
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
The constructs for collaborative network building include common tenets for the establishment of communication channels not only within the network but for constituencies external to the network. These constituencies are beneficiaries of the resulting knowledge which emerges and is disseminated. The Safety Across High-Consequence Industries (SAHI) conference was formed in 2003 for the purpose of bringing together safety leaders from multiple fields within the high consequence industries of healthcare, nuclear power, aviation, and others. Through SAHI four multinational conferences have been convened and resulted in bodies of safety knowledge available through widely distributed proceedings. In the process of generating and …
Risk Assessment In Aviation, Robert Mauro, Immanuel Barshi
Risk Assessment In Aviation, Robert Mauro, Immanuel Barshi
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
In aviation, many actions are taken to reduce risk. However, not all risks can be avoided. To effectively manage risk, managers and regulators must evaluate and compare risks associated with different threats. Yet, it is frequently difficult to obtain reasonable assessments of these risks. Traditional approaches often produce unsatisfactory results when the probability of failure is low but the costs of failure are high -- as is often the case in modern civil aviation. Attempts to use a single dimension to evaluate threats often lead to unreliable and contentious assessments. Many risk assessment heuristics and displays can yield misleading and …
Design And Evaluation Of A Cognitively Engineered Systems Monitoring Display, Michael J. Findler, Dr. S. Narayanan, Jeff S. Collier, Dr. William Marshak
Design And Evaluation Of A Cognitively Engineered Systems Monitoring Display, Michael J. Findler, Dr. S. Narayanan, Jeff S. Collier, Dr. William Marshak
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
A new format was derived from a Visual Thinking cognitive psychology paradigm and permits easy understanding of multiple system parameters with different directions and unit scaling. This new “Sprocket” format allows rapid cross check, characterizing multiple failure thresholds, and easy detection of out-of-tolerance conditions and a gestalt state awareness. The format was evaluated in a dual task, aviation-oriented experiment.
A Human-Machine Interface For Replanning Of 4d Trajectories, Bart J.A. Van Marwijk, Mark Mulder, Max Mulder, M.M. (René) Van Paassen, Clark Borst
A Human-Machine Interface For Replanning Of 4d Trajectories, Bart J.A. Van Marwijk, Mark Mulder, Max Mulder, M.M. (René) Van Paassen, Clark Borst
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
To accomplish air traffic growth in a safe and efficient way, future air traffic management concepts require aircraft to accurately plan and execute 4D trajectories. A trajectory planned prior to takeoff, may, however, require in-flight revision. To support the flight crew in their task of accurately replanning a flight plan up to a meter fix, in four dimensions, a dedicated planning interface has been designed. The interface allows direct manipulation of the ground track and the descent profile. Constraints on trajectory planning are mapped onto candidate waypoint locations, highlighting the possibilities for acceptable ground track geometry in the horizontal situation …
Professionalism In Airline Operations?...And Accident Investigation?, Captain Kevin M. Smith, Ronald John Lofaro Phd
Professionalism In Airline Operations?...And Accident Investigation?, Captain Kevin M. Smith, Ronald John Lofaro Phd
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
When we read the findings of NTSB report AAR-07/06, Southwest Airlines flight #1248, we felt transported to a parallel universe whose occupants seem to be lacking any ability to reason analytically. These “findings’ seemed to turn logic on its head, were insufficient in scope and incorrect as to causation. This paper will analyze the SW accident using the ODM model; will show the deficiencies in the NTSB report and finally, a. Indicate how to design line oriented flight training (LOFT) scenarios that reflect actual operating conditions and are aircraft type-specific. b. Show where/how a separate DM crew training module should …
Logistic Regression Analysis Of Operational Errors And Routine Operations, Elaine M. Pfleiderer, Cheryl L. Scroggins, Carol A. Manning
Logistic Regression Analysis Of Operational Errors And Routine Operations, Elaine M. Pfleiderer, Cheryl L. Scroggins, Carol A. Manning
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
Two separate logistic regression analyses were conducted for low- and high-altitude sectors to determine whether a set of dynamic sector characteristics variables could reliably discriminate between operational error (OE) and routine operation (RO) traffic samples. Dynamic sector characteristics submitted as predictors were: Average Control Duration, Number of Handoffs, Number of Heading Changes, Number of Intersecting Flight Paths, Number of Point Outs, and Number of Transitioning Aircraft. In the low-altitude sector model, the Number of Intersecting Flight Paths, the Number of Point Outs, and the Number of Handoffs produced a 75% overall classification accuracy. In the high-altitude sector model, the Number …
Constructing Accurate And Precise Timelines For Major Aviation Accident Investigations, Aaron S. Dietz, John J. O'Callaghan, Bruce G. Coury, Joseph M. Kolly
Constructing Accurate And Precise Timelines For Major Aviation Accident Investigations, Aaron S. Dietz, John J. O'Callaghan, Bruce G. Coury, Joseph M. Kolly
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
A clear, precise, and accepted description of what happened in an accident is a necessary first step in understanding why an accident happened. Although timelines are routinely used in accident investigations, constructing an accurate and precise one can be difficult. Large volumes of information must be correlated to a common time base, and the significance of events can change as the investigation develops. This paper describes the development of a timeline application to help overcome the difficulties associated with accident timelines. Development has emphasized interactive capabilities that allow users to manage the content and format how evidence related to the …
A Methodology And Tools For The Prospective Identification Of Nextgen Human Factors Issues, Ken Funk
A Methodology And Tools For The Prospective Identification Of Nextgen Human Factors Issues, Ken Funk
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
The Human-Machine Systems Engineering Methodology (HMSEM) is a systematic method to prospectively identify relevant human fallibilities, potential errors, and general human factors issues in a complex, high-risk system, then develop design recommendations for remediations to counteract the fallibilities, avoid or mitigate the errors, and resolve the issues. HMSEM uses IDEF0 functional modeling, task analysis, human fallibilities analysis, and Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, organizing the information for and from the analyses in a workbook. The results of its application to several tasks on the NextGen flight deck suggest that it can be a valuable complement to other means to anticipate …
Determining Job Requirements For The Next Aviator Generation, Hans-Juergen Hoermann, Dirk Schulze-Kissing, Oliver Zierke
Determining Job Requirements For The Next Aviator Generation, Hans-Juergen Hoermann, Dirk Schulze-Kissing, Oliver Zierke
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
The aviation industry is envisioning a tremendous growth of air traffic within the next two decades. New technologies and operational concepts will be the key enablers to accommodate the increasing amount of movements in a safe, efficient and environment friendly manner. Current working concepts reach from improved interoperability of national ATM systems, via satellite based navigation, collaborative decision making, and self separation of aircraft up to fully automated air-ground-space systems. It can be expected that the introduction of such concepts will have a significant impact on the working conditions and job requirements of future air traffic controllers and pilots, who …
Runway Incursion Prevention Using An Audio Intervention, Nathan Maertens, Christopher Desalvo, Jessie Chin, J. Michelle Moon
Runway Incursion Prevention Using An Audio Intervention, Nathan Maertens, Christopher Desalvo, Jessie Chin, J. Michelle Moon
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
From 2004 through 2007 runway incursions (RI), an FAA high priority safety item, have continuously increased (FAA, 2008). The FAA has sought mitigation proposals; here we suggest one such solution. Byrne, Kirlik and their students (2005, 2006, 2007) suggested one possible cause of RIs to be pilots making errors when given counterintuitive taxi instructions (i.e., turns away, as opposed to towards, their ultimate destination). Using this work as a foundation, we identified counterintuitive taxi geometries at Willard Airport (CMI), conducted an experiment with 14 certified flight instructors working at CMI in a simulation of landing and taxiing, and tested potential …
The Role Of Common Methods In Personnel Selection, Thomas R. Carretta
The Role Of Common Methods In Personnel Selection, Thomas R. Carretta
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
Cognitive ability is the most widely researched psychological construct in studies of determinants of occupational performance. Results of meta-analyses of common selection methods in personnel psychology indicate that general mental ability (g) is the best predictor of training and job performance involving core technical proficiency. For training, the predictiveness of g is incremented by measures of personality and specialized job knowledge. For job incumbents, the predictiveness of g is incremented by personality, job knowledge, and work sample performance. In addition to the predictive validity of g, personality, and prior job knowledge, their role in the acquisition of additional job knowledge …
Selection For Aviation Related Careers: Air Traffic Control In The Air Force And The Faa, M. Kathryn Bleckley Ph.D., Jerry Crutchfield Ph.D., Raymond E. King Psy.D., Carol A. Manning Ph.D., Thomas R. Carretta Ph.D.
Selection For Aviation Related Careers: Air Traffic Control In The Air Force And The Faa, M. Kathryn Bleckley Ph.D., Jerry Crutchfield Ph.D., Raymond E. King Psy.D., Carol A. Manning Ph.D., Thomas R. Carretta Ph.D.
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
This paper discusses selection research and practice, with a focus on air traffic control specialists (ATCSs). In the USAF and FAA, accurate selection of air traffic control (ATC) trainees is essential because of the cost in time and money to train people for this high-consequence occupation. The FAA continues longitudinal validation research for the Air Traffic Selection and Training (AT-SAT) battery. Additionally, validation of the AT-SAT for placement by option would allow the FAA to develop a process for assessing applicants’ potential to certify at facilities, providing useful information when determining where placement should occur. Frequently, psychiatric conditions are delineated …
How Effective Is Item Bank Testing Of Pilot Training Applicants In Reducing Test Preparation Effects?, Oliver Zierke
How Effective Is Item Bank Testing Of Pilot Training Applicants In Reducing Test Preparation Effects?, Oliver Zierke
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
In the selection of aviation personnel, special test preparation has become an emerging problem. Specific test preparation aims at raising the probability to master a certain test rather than developing the underlying ability. Knowledge tests are particularly susceptible to the problem of test preparation. One strategy to counter this problem is the use of comprehensive item banks for testing in knowledge domains. In 2005 over 770 student pilot applicants participated in an evaluation study of two item bank tests, an English language test and a test of physical knowledge. A conventional test form as well as an item bank test …
Human Factors In The Ground-Support Of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems, Alan Hobbs Ph.D., Stanley R. Herwitz Ph.D., Glen R. Gallaway M.S.
Human Factors In The Ground-Support Of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems, Alan Hobbs Ph.D., Stanley R. Herwitz Ph.D., Glen R. Gallaway M.S.
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009
A growing body of research has been directed at the human factors of Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) flight operations, yet up to now, virtually no attention has been given to the human factors of UAS maintenance. The aim of the current research program was to identify the challenges facing the maintainers of small unmanned aircraft systems. Unlike their counterparts in conventional aviation, UAS maintenance technicians are responsible for the functioning of an entire system, comprising airborne and ground-based components. Challenges include absent or poor maintenance documentation, the need to make frequent decisions about salvaging components, difficulties in troubleshooting software problems, …