Psychiatry and Psychology Commons^™

Antipsychotics And Outcome In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava, Anukant Mital

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Predictors And Characteristics Of Response And Nonresponse: A Ten Year Follow-Up Of First Episode Schizophrenia In Mumbai, Amresh Shrivastava, Nilesh Shah, Megan Johnston, Larry Stitt, Meghana Thakar, Gurusamy Chinnasamy

Psychiatry Presentations

▪ It is not clearly known what predicts good long-term outcome in first episode schizophrenia and what the characteristics are that differentiate patients who do and do not show good response

▪ We attempted to find the characteristics and predictors of good out-come for patients who presented with severe psychopathology and were hospitalized in their first episode psychosis in a tertiary psychiatric hospital in the city of Mumbai

▪ 101 patients of first episode schizophrenia were assessed at hospitalization, and reassessed at ten years

▪ The data was analyzed on 13 outcome parameters for predictors and characteristics of good outcome, …

Do Atypical Antipsychotics Differ In Determining Long-Term Outcome Of First Episode Schizophrenia? A Naturalistic Outcome Study In India, Amresh Srivastava, Nilesh Shah, Megan Johnston, Larry Stitt, Meghana Thakar, Gurusamy Chinnasamy, Anukant Mital

Psychiatry Presentations

Antipsychotic medications form the mainstream of treatment in schizophrenia. These drugs have several short term as well long term advantage. It is not known if atypical antipsychotics have the long-term effect in improving outcome and meeting expectations (1,2,3). The present study examined usage and association of antipsychotics drugs with clinical outcome a long-term naturalistic study.

Social Cognition And Interaction Training (Scit) For Individuals With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders In Outpatient Treatment Settings, Petra Kleinlein

Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The role of social cognition in severe mental illness (SMI) has gained much attention, especially over the last decade. The impact of deficits in socio-cognitive functioning has been found to have detrimental effects on key areas of day-to-day functioning in individuals with SMI, such as gaining and maintaining employment and overall experienced quality of life. Treatment of individuals with SMI is challenging, as the presentation of individual signs and symptoms is rather heterogeneous. There are several treatment approaches addressing deficits ranging from broader social and interpersonal functioning to neurocognitive and more intrapersonal functioning. As research in the domain of social …

Should Schizoaffective Disorder Be Dropped From Dsm V, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Baseline Serum Prolactinin Drug Naïve First Episode Schizophrenia Predicts A Positive Clinical And Social Outcome At Five Years, Post Discharge Follow-Up, Amresh Srivastava, Manoj Tamhane, Meghana Thakar, Yves Bureau, Nilesh Shah

Psychiatry Presentations

Serum prolactinis an indicator of tuberoinfundibulardopamine activity. It is reported to increase in wide variety of mental illnesses. It has close relationship with antipsychotic therapy. However, its relationship with psychopathology and outcome is not clear. Serum prolactinlevel was measured in 30 male and 30 female drug naive patients of schizophrenia. Subsequently, these patients were treated with antipsychotics. The severity of psychopathology at the baseline and subsequent improvement at the end of 3 weeks and 6 weeks was assessed on modified brief psychiatric rating scale (mBPRS). Available to follow up at five years 18 males & 22 females patients were reassessed …

Stigma And Discrimination In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava

Data and Test Instruments

Title: Stigma and Discrimination: The Mumbai Experience Main Author: Amresh Shrivastava MD, DPM, MRCPsych, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. Co-Authors: Gopa Sarkhel, MA, Iyer Sunita MA, Thakar Meghana MA, Shah Nilesh, MD, DPM Address of Presenter: Executive Director, Mental health foundation of India (PRERANA Charitable Trust) Mumbai, India; Currently at Department of Psychiatry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada Address: Regional mental health care, 467 Sunset Drive, St. Thomas, N5N 3V9, St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada Phone: 1-5196318510; Fax: 1-519-631-2512. E-mail: [email protected] Background: People with schizophrenia suffer from stigma and discrimination to a great extent, and this …

Identifying Schizophrenia: Paradigm Shift ‘The Uhr Research’, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Of The Behavioral Mechanisms Of Antipsychotic Action Using A Drug-Drug Conditioning Paradigm, Ming Li, Wei He, Alexa Mead

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Antipsychotic drugs at noncataleptic doses selectively suppress conditioned avoidance response in rats. In our previous study, we had used a two-way active avoidance response paradigm to show that the antipsychotic-induced interoceptive state is one of the mechanisms underlying the avoidance-disruptive effect of antipsychotics. In this study, we sought to further examine this mechanism using a novel drug-drug conditioning procedure. We made use of the fact that both the typical neuroleptic haloperidol and the atypical neuroleptic olanzapine disrupt conditioned avoidance responding, whereas chlordiazepoxide (an anxiolytic) does not. We reasoned that if the antipsychotic interoceptive state is important in causing a disruption …

First Episode Is The Best Episode: Lessons And Limitations In Duration Of Untreated Psychosis (Dup) And Outcome In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava, Larry Stitt, Meghana Thakar, Gurusamy Chinnasamy, Nilesh Shah

Psychiatry Presentations

Background: Early intervention in psychosis is an opportunity. Research ahs shown that if any thing community members can do to prevent psychosis is to report early. This has opened newer vistas for understanding the complexity of brain and behaviour in schizophrenia. At the same time it has raised the bar of expectations regarding its correlation to outcome. It finally narrows down to meaningful public campaign for awareness, which will decide success of research to clinics in schizophrenia management. Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has emerged as a reliable predictor of outcome and provides credence to development of early intervention services. …

A Search For Meaning: The Family’S Response To Serious Mental Illness, Katherine Marie Burrelsman

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

It is a commonly held belief that it is inherent in human nature to strive for coherence and meaning in the midst of adversity. Whether this is short or long term, for immediate or prolonged functioning, we all strive to put experiences within events into a framework that enables us to develop a sense of order leading to acceptance and resolution. Therefore, each individual within a family system may develop a hypothesis in order to make a modicum of sense of what can appear to be an impossible situation. The participants involved in this study were individuals with relatives suffering …

Elucidating The Role Of The Α7 Nicotinic Receptor In The Etiology Of Schizophrenia., Michelle Johnson Chandley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The α7 subunit of the nicotinic receptor, a ligand gated ion channel with an affinity for nicotine, has long been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia due to the extremely high rate of smoking within the patient population. However, the exact role of the receptor has never fully been determined. In the following studies, various functions the receptor may assume in disease state are evaluated. There is a strong relationship between the immune system and schizophrenia, with the α7 subunit possibly serving as the link between the two. One of the following studies looks at the possibility of the receptor …

Interface Of Cannabis And Early Psychosis--Priorities In Research And Service Development, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

Introduction: cannabis continues to affect mental health. Its abuse is on rise globally. In Canada a rise by 30% in last ten years has been observed in high school students. Interrelationship of cannabis with psychosis and schizophrenia is a complex one. Cannabis is highly comorbid with psychosis, & related to functional disability and outcome. It poses several challenges in understanding causal relationship for comorbidity, underlying neurochemical basis and specifics of service development. Prevalence of Cannabis varies from 20 to 50% early psychosis. Objective of this paper is to review available literature to identify challenges for newer targets of research and …

Differential Characteristics Of “Good Outcome Schizophrenia” In A Long-Term Ten Years Study, Mumbai, India, Amresh Srivastava, Meghan Thakar, Nilesh Shah, Larry Stitt

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Outcome In Schizophrenia: The Long-Term Good Outcome In Schizophrenia Is Not Yet Good Enough, Amresh Srivastava, Meghan Thakar

Psychiatry Presentations

The illness of schizophrenia has always been a matter of concern for its nature and extent of outcome particularly for its regional and cultural differences. The concept of outcome has been evolving and this study examines the scenario of good outcome in developing countries.

Outcome In Schizophrenia: How Good Is "Good Outcome" Schizophrenia In Long-Term In Developing Countries, Amresh Srivastava, Meghan Thakar, Nilesh Shah, Larry Stitt

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Mood Symptoms As Comorbidity In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Relapse Prevention In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Response, Remission & Recovery: Need To Review Outcome Measures For Schizophrenia, Amresh Shrivastava, Nilesh Shah

Psychiatry Publications

Schizophrenia is a complex neurobehavioral disorder known to be associated with poor outcome. It causes significant disability in patients and burden of care amongst relatives. Outcome in developing countries has been reported to be far better than western world, which has come into scientific scanner recently. Wide gap exists between expectations of outcome amongst patients, relatives, caregivers and professionals, which is possibly because of limitations in measurements tools. Significant number of patients remain marginalized without improvement in social & occupational functioning preventing their integration into mainstream of society despite 'clinically reported good outcome' and significant advancement in treatments. The contemporary …

The Effects Of Nicotine Conditioned Place Preference In D2 Primed Adolescent Rats: Age-Related And Gender Effects., Yoko Emily Ogawa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated nicotine conditioned place preference (CPP) in two different ages of adolescence using a rodent model of schizophrenia. Both 2- and 3-chambered CPP apparatuses were used to test whether the CPP was due to an aversion to the white chamber. Animals were neontally treated with the dopamine D₂/D₃ agonist, quinpirole, or saline and raised to either early postweanling age (P 22) or adolescence (P 29). Rats were conditioned to prefer the white chamber using nicotine. Results showed that nicotine induced CPP and appeared to alleviate an increased stress response in D₂ primed animals, which …

Nicotine Sensitization In A Rodent Model Of Schizophrenia: A Comparison Of Adolescents, Adults, And Neurotrophic Factors., Marla Kay Perna

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The behavioral effects of nicotine on locomotor activity in a rodent model of psychosis were analyzed. This model is based on neonatal quinpriole treatment (a dopamine D2/D3 agonist) which causes increased D2 receptor sensitivity, a phenomenon known as D2 priming that is common in schizophrenia. D2-primed adolescent rats did not demonstrate nicotine-induced hypoactivity early in training, and males demonstrated more rapid sensitization to nicotine as compared to controls administered nicotine. D2-primed females administered nicotine demonstrated increased stereotypic behavior. D2-primed adult rats given nicotine demonstrated significantly more robust sensitization to nicotine than controls given nicotine. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was analyzed …

The Saint Of Worcester: Why Pilgrims Visit Audrey Santo, Mathew N. Schmalz

Religious Studies Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Schizophrenia: General Findings And Current Status, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Atypical Antipsychotics And Cognitive Enhancement In Schizophrenia: The Current Status, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Cognition As An Outcome Measure In Schizophrenia, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Histories Of Childhood Maltreatment In Schizophrenia: Relationships With Premorbid Functioning, Symptomatology, And Cognitive Deficits, Lindsay S. Schenkel, William D. Spaulding, David Dilillo, Steven M. Silverstein

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

A number of studies have demonstrated an increased rate of histories of childhood maltreatment among adults with serious mental illness. The present investigation documented the presence of childhood maltreatment in a sample of 40 psychiatric inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The type (neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse), duration, and severity of childhood maltreatment was examined along with measures of premorbid functioning, current symptomatology, and cognitive functioning. Participants with histories of maltreatment were significantly more likely to have poorer peer relationships in childhood, more diffi culty in school, an earlier age at first hospitalization, more previous hospitalizations, elevated symptoms of anxiety, …

Would Smokers With Schizophrenia Benefit From A More Flexible Approach To Smoking Treatment?, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Susy B. Gulliver, Brian Hitsman

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

We evaluated literature that addresses the notion that flexible smoking treatment approaches are warranted for smokers with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Understanding the biological and psychological mechanisms that increase the likelihood of smoking and decrease the motivation to quit for these individuals is addressed within the framework of a neurobiological model. We provide a brief overview of the limited smoking cessation treatment literature for patients with schizophrenia and compare abstinence-focused versus reduction-focused treatment modalities. The potential utility of the reduction-focused approach to tobacco treatment for these smokers is evaluated. Suggestions for future research to address the utility and efficacy of …

Unbuckling The Chemical Straitjacket: The Legal Significance Of Recent Advances In The Pharmacological Treatment Of Psychosis, Douglas Mossman Md

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

Antipsychotic medications figure prominently in the rapidly-growing field of mental disability law. Although the properties of antipsychotic medications are medical matters, legal scholars, judges, and practicing attorneys often need to understand what these drugs do. Yet the legal database - the principal or sole information source cited and consulted by legal thinkers - is often a source of confusion or misinformation about the actions of antipsychotic drugs and the scientific basis for prescribing them. The potential for misunderstanding antipsychotic treatment has increased since the arrival of "novel" or "aytpical" antipsychotic drugs, which cause fewer side effects than drugs that were …