Psychiatry and Psychology Commons^™

Mental Health Status Of Vietnamese Refugees In Utah County, Utah, David A. Acree

Theses and Dissertations

This study attempted to measure mental health status of Vietnamese refugees in Utah County, Utah. The test instrument used was the Cornell Medical Index (CMI). Two subproblems were considered: First, to see if refugee complaints on the CMI were predominantly physiological or psychological. Second, to see if there was a relationship between CMI scores and a related list of demographic variables.

Results showed the mean CMI score for the sample under study was well above the suggested score indicative of possible psychological dysfunction. For 80% of participants, psychological complaints were predominant over physical complaints. The only variables showing a relationship …

Personality Differences Between Attractive And Unattractive High School Females, Andrea Rene Re

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

High school females (N = 131) were photographed and given the Texas Social Behavioral Inventory (TSBI), Attitudes Toward Women Scale (ATWS), Rotter Internal-External (I-E) Scale, Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (M-C), and Bern Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI). The photographs were rated by four female graduate students in psychology for physical attractiveness and two groups of 36 each were identified: an attractive group and an unattractive group. These two groups were then compared for differences on the five personality tests. The results indicated that attractive females are higher in self-esteem as measured by the TSBI, (t = 2.543, p< .05) and less feminine sex-typed as measured by the BSRI, (t=2.10, p< .05). No other significant differences were found. Findings are discussed in terms of research in the area of physical attractiveness stereotyping as it relates to personality development.

Androgyny And Attribution: Effects Of Sex Role Adoption, Sex-Linkage Of Task, And Outcome On Causal Attributions For Success And Failure, Vally M. Sharpe

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

Thirty androgynous females, 30 androgynous males, 30 feminine females, and 30 masculine males participated at either a masculine-linked task (wiring a telephone), a feminine-linked task (doing needlepoint), or a neutral task (doing anagrams). Half of the subjects were given success feedback; half were given failure feedback. Each subject, after receiving feedback, completed a post-task questionnaire from which causal attribution ratings for four factors: ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck, were obtained. Scores were analyzed by means of 4x3x2 multivariate analyses of variance."Success" subjects attributed success to ability (F=18.007, df=1/96, p

The Effectiveness Of Rational Behavior Therapy In Reducing Anger Of Inmates, Dennis Jerome Meers

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the relative effectiveness of Rational Behavior Therapy and a waiting-list control condition for reducing the frequencies and intensities of anger of inmates. The sample consisted of 46 adult male inmates who attained elevated psychopathic deviate scale scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and who expressed a desire to join an anger treatment group. The subjects in the treatment condition were exposed to fifteen group sessions of Rational Behavior Therapy, over an eightweek period. The subjects in the control condition experienced a no-treatment waiting-period. All subjects responded to pretest and posttest measures on the Novaco Anger Scale …

Dance And Self Concept Change In Women, Robin Dale Anderson

Dissertations and Theses

Numerous authors in the field of dance therapy have proposed that dance movement employed as a psychotherapeutic tool yields positive gains in mental health for participants. Self concept is frequently cited as the mechanism affecting these gains. In order to explore the relationship of dance movement alone to self concept fifteen college women were tested with the Tennessee Self Concept Scale before and after participation in a course of dance with those of nineteen women enrolled in lower division psychology courses. An analysis of covariance showed no significant changes in self concept scores in either group. It was concluded that …

The Effects Of Fixed-Ratio And Fixed-Interval Schedules Of Reinforcement On Generalization Gradients, Christy L. Sutton

Graduate Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fixed-ratio and fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement on generalization gradients. The subjects were four female rats from the Fischer strain. All subjects v/ere conditioned in the presence of a 2000 hz tone to press the bar for reinforcement. Each subject was then trained to one of the following-schedules of reinforcement: FR-5, FR-30, FI-5, or FI-30. After maintenance on this terminal schedule for three days the subjects were tested for generalization. The generalization test consisted of variations in the frequency of the original SD. Response rate was recorded and gradients of …

The Motivation Of Self-Investment, Dan Nunley

Graduate Theses

A game of chance void of feedback was played by 36 adults to determine the motivational properties of various degrees of self-investment. The levels of self-investment were created by altering the extent to which subjects were involved in making one of the symbols used in the game. A practice trial was used to establish each subjects base score and a final trial to determine behavior changes induced by self-investment. The gains between trials yielded significant results (p<.01) due to subject participation in the experimental process.

Pre-Psychotherapy Characteristics Of Prematurely, Unilaterally Discontinuing Families At A Community Mental Health Center, Robert Lee Dyer

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study was designed to investigate the ability to discriminate, at the point of intake, those families who unilaterally and prematurely discontinue psychotherapy before the fourth session at a community mental health center from those who remain in therapy longer.

The Relationship Between Number Of Sessions And Client-Judged Outcome, Jay Athy

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Outpatient clients from a community mental health center were surveyed by questionnaire to examine the relationship between number of therapy sessions attended and client-judgments of therapeutic outcome. The results indicated that client-judgments of therapeutic benefit tended to be independent of length of therapy when the client-judgement is a global assessment of therapeutic benefit. Controls for mode of therapy, initial diagnosis, type of referral, and status of case yielded similar findings. The nature of these relationships was nonlinear with the possible existence of different zones of sessions that account for varying degrees of client-perceived success. It also appeared that clients evaluated …

Mastectomies And Their Effect On Sexual Behavior, Irene Marian Ellicott

Dissertations and Theses

Sixteen women who had had hysterectomies and eighteen women who had had mastectomies were mailed the Oregon Sex Inventory to see if any significant differences in sexual behavior occurred before or after surgery.

The mastectomy group showed a greater degree of change in their sexual behavior than the hysterectomy group. The mastectomy group reported a decrease in the importance of the breast during the sexual act after surgery and a decrease in their desire for intercourse after surgery. The hysterectomy group reported lowered sexual satisfaction after surgery.

The changes reported in this study although relatively small are statistically significant. The …

The Modification Of Smoking Behaviour: A Research Evaluation Of Aversion Therapy, Hypnotherapy, And A Combined Technique, Herman Surkis

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

This study compared aversion therapy, hypnotherapy, and a combined method. It was predicted that the treatment of imagined behaviour would generalize to overt behaviours. Individuals were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the aversion group with shock contingent on imagined behaviour, and finally the combined group which consisted of traditional hypnotherapy in combination with aversion therapy. The treatments were contained on separate cassettes with each subject receiving his appropriate cassette. Subjects met in groups of 3-5 individuals, twice a week for three weeks. Individuals acted as their own controls through the establishment of a pre-treatment baseline of smoking rate. …

Effects Of Operant Conditioning Of Cooperative Play On Non-Reinforced Behaviors In Severely And Profoundly Retarded Adults, Martha Wade Aenchbacher

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

A group of seven severely and profoundly retarded adults from a sheltered workshop program were trained in cooperative play (basketball skills and hand clapping) using social and edible reinforcement and fading procedures. The generalization effects of the training on non-reinforced (undesirable) behaviors in an extratraining setting was investigated. A reversal technique in which the reinforcement was temporarily withdrawn demonstrated the reliable functioning of the training procedures. Independent observers recorded target behaviors during five phases: Baseline; Training; Generalization Testing; Extinction; Generalization Testing. The rate of undesirable behaviors decreased significantly in the extra-training setting (activity room) following the training phase. The findings …

Schizophrenia: Institutionalization And Dependence, Jerry L. Boyd

Masters Theses

The review of the literature dealt with dependence in mental patients. Additional focus was given to the process of patienthood as it relates to the acquisition of dependence. Research on schizophrenia was then discussed and the special interaction of the schizophrenic and the environment was explicated. Finally, attention was given to the unique relationship between the schizophrenic mental patient and dependence.

57 Ss from a rural area in the midwestern United States were given the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (Form C). Ss were divided into 3 groups. The groups were matched according to age, sex, race, marital status, and education. …

The Runaways, Richard David Young

IUSTITIA

At the present stage of development, the varied literature on runaway children and adolescents provides little basis for firm conclusions. The apparent heterogeneity of runaways has yet to be fully realized in conceptual or research attempts, although efforts in that direction are beginning. There appears to be little utility or meaning in assigning runaway behavior solely to categories of delinquency or psychopathology. Such efforts have done little to clarify the meaning of running away or to define the important environmental factors and personality features involved in running away. To some extent their greatest impact has been on the restriction of …

"Mental Health Seminar", Dick Bose, Nancy Adams, Babe Wilson

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Of Empathy To Moral Reasoning, Sex, And Mode Of Story Presentation A Thesis Presented To The Faculty Of California State College, Donald W. Higgins

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

An Exploration Of The Relationship Between Loneliness And Differential Diagnosis In A Rural Mental Health Center, Kathryn Dunscomb

Masters Theses

The review of the literature discussed loneliness in general and specified three seperate forms of loneliness; social, psychic, and existential. The relationships between loneliness, social interaction, and pathology were discussed. 139 clients were given the Belcher Extended Loneliness Scale - Revised prior to therapy. They were assigned one of six diagnostic categories to determine loneliness score (LS), diagnostic, and sex interactions. An analysis of variance found a significant difference (p <.0001) between the diagnostic categories’ LS. The schizophrenic’s and the neurotic’s LS s were significantly higher (<.05) than the remaining categories. The males had significantly (p <.036) higher LS than the females. It was also hypothesized that the degree of loneliness would increase the lower the diagnostic developmental level. The hypothesized order was not consistent with the results. Further research was recommended.

The Effect Of Pre-Exposure To Sucrose On The Acquisition And Extinction Of A Conditioned Aversion, Shirlee Fenwick

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Twenty-eight female, water deprived rats were given 5 minutes access to sucrose for either 1,7,14, or 21 days. They were then given LiC1 injections every third day until an aversion to the sucrose developed. The results indicated that as amount of pre-exposure to sucrose increased, the number of illnesses required to develop an aversion increased. Also, the rate of extinction of the conditioned aversion was inversely related to the number of exposures required. to establish the aversion.

Response Rate Controlled By Two Liquid Reinforcers In A Multiple Schedule, Randall Lee Morton

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

No abstract provided.

State-Dependent Learning As A Function Of The Temporal Relationship Between Noncontingent Footshock And Electroconvulsive Shock, T. Scott Shutt

All Master's Theses

Rats were given a noncontingent footshock followed at various intervals by electroconvulsive shock. Twentyfour hours later they were trained on a non-shock passive avoidance task and tested for retention 72 hours later. When the interval between NCFS and ECS was short the animals showed an amnesia which reduced as the interval was lengthened. An interval of .5 seconds produced the most pronounced amnesia and intervals greater than 10 seconds produced virtually no amnesia. The results were consistent with a state dependent retrieval failure hypothesis.

Sub-Aversive Response Contingent Foot Shock As A Positive Reinforcer, Robert Lea Fulwiler

All Master's Theses

Forty-eight rats were divided into 8 groups; four were maintained under normal conditions and the other four under sensory deprivation and tested at o, 3, 6, and 9 days after condition institution. The response was placing the head through a hole in the operant chamber and the stimulus (0, 1.2, 4, or 12 Vac) was contingent upon the response. Analysis ot variance disclosed significant differences (p<.01) between the deprived and the non-deprived groups at days 6 and 9; and a significant interaction between deprivation condition and time of test. No differences were shown between the stimulus intensities indicating that the stimulus did not have a reinforcing effect.

The Effects Of Cs Habituation And Duration Of The Directional Modification Of The Cardiac Response In The Guinea Pig (Cavia Procellus), Ray Charles Larson

All Master's Theses

The present experiment examined the effects of CS habituation and two different levels of CS duration (60 versus 6 sec) on the directional modification of the conditioned cardiac response in the guinea pig. The results indicated that the only reaction to the CS, regardless of prior habituation or CS duration, was a decelerative conditioned HR response. However, habituation to a CS prior to classical aversive conditioning was found to attenuate the magnitude of the bradycardia CR that developed. The bradycardia CR was discussed in terms of being a cardiac component of the orienting response.

Modification Of Deviant Behavior By Parents, Jeanne M. Gabourie

All Master's Theses

It is the purpose of this study (1) to determine if a child's deviant social behaviors can be effectively modified by his own parents; and (2) to determine if parents can be trained to use behavior modification techniques in the home.

Validation Of The Automated Readability Index For Use With Technical Materials, Leroy John Delionbach

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

No abstract provided.

Shock Intensity And Task Difficulty As Determiners Of Avoidance And Escape Learning In Rats, Arthur Louis

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Thirty-six naive female hooded rats were divided randomly into three groups and tested in an instrumental escape and avoidance learning situation involving three degrees of task difficulty. Each group was also randomly subdivided into four subgroups, each of which underwent a different shock intensity level. The purpose of this study was to test the Yorkes-Dodson law which states that (a) there is an optimal level of punishment intensity for any given task (or an inverted-U curve relating shock intensity and performance) and (b) this optimal intensity decreases as task difficulty increases. The results supported (a) but not (b).

Release From Proactive Inhibition As A Function Of Pleasantness And Unpleasantness Of Encoded Verbal Materials, Fulton Cooper

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

No abstract provided.

An Assessment Of The Role Of Information Inherent In Positive And Aversive Social Reinforcement Employing A Finger Maze Task With Male And Female Subjects And Experimenters, Brian Westley Strutt

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Forty-eight male and 48 female grade 12 high school students were assigned in groups of 8 to a 2 (sex of S X 3 (treatment) X 2 (sex of E) factorial design experiment. Each S was presented with a finger maze task under one of three experimental treatments: censure-nothing with S being told “WRONG” for an incorrect response, nothing for a correct response; reward-nothing, with S being told “CORRECT” for a correct response, nothing for an incorrect response; nothing-nothing, with Ss being told nothing for either a correct or incorrect response. The task required that a binary decision be made …

The Effects Of Early Handling On Behavior In The Albino Rat, William Reed Tucker

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Verbal Reinforcement On The Self-References Of Psychiatric Patients Who Are Characterized By A High Number Of Negative Self-References, Earl William Rakestraw Ii

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

The effect of positive verbal reinforcement on the verbal self-references of hospitalized psychiatric patients was studied. Eighteen patients, characterized by a high production rate of negative, verbal self-references, were matched on the following variables: age, length of hospitalization, medication, psychotherapy participation, intelligence quotient, sex, and adjustment score discrepancy obtained on a Q-sort test. After the subjects were given the pre-experimental Q-sorts and matched on the other variables, nine were randomly assigned to the experimental group and nine to the control group. All of the subjects were then administered six individual interviews in which they responded to 30 questions and statements …

Assessing Manifest Coping Behavior Of Mentally Retarded Institutionalized Males With An Observational Technique, Daryle I. Bass

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

It was the purpose of the present study to explore the feasibility of investigating naturally occurring behavior of mental retardates with an observational technique.

Twelve mentally retarded male subjects, ages sixteen to twenty one, with Adaptive Behavior levels of upper III, were observed for a total of four observational time blocks of fifteen minutes each. From the collected data 105 behavioral events were extracted, and sorted as to their appropriateness or inappropriateness in the behavioral setting. Each subject was assigned scores based on frequency counts of occurrence of appropriate and inappropriate behaviors manifested during his four observational time blocks. Rank …