Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Current And Evolving Approaches For Improving The Oral Permeability Of Bcs Class Iii Or Analogous Molecules, Vivek S. Dave, Deepak Gupta, Monica Yu, Phong Nguyen, Sheeba Varghese Gupta

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) classifies pharmaceutical compounds based on their aqueous solubility and intestinal permeability. The BCS Class III compounds are hydrophilic molecules (high aqueous solubility) with low permeability across the biological membranes. While these compounds are pharmacologically effective, poor absorption due to low permeability becomes the rate-limiting step in achieving adequate bioavailability. Several approaches have been explored and utilized for improving the permeability profiles of these compounds. The approaches include traditional methods such as prodrugs, permeation enhancers, ion-pairing, etc., as well as relatively modern approaches such as nanoencapsulation and nanosizing. The most recent approaches include a combination/hybridization of …

Kaempferol-Phospholipid Complex: Formulation, And Evaluation Of Improved Solubility, In Vivo Bioavailability, And Antioxidant Potential Of Kaempferol, Darshan R. Telange, Arun T. Patil, Anil M. Pethe, Amol A. Tatode, Sridhar Anand, Vivek S. Dave

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

The current work describes the formulation and evaluation of a phospholipid complex of kaempferol toenhance the latter’s aqueous solubility, in vitro dissolution rate, in vivo antioxidant and hepatoprotectiveactivities, and oral bioavailability. The kaempferol-phospholipid complex was synthesized using a freeze-drying method with the formulation being optimized using a full factorial design (32) approach. The resultsinclude the validation of the mathematical model in order to ascertain the role of specific formulation andprocess variables that contribute favorably to the formulation’s development. The final product wascharacterized and confirmed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform InfraredSpectroscopy (FTIR), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-NMR), and …

Formulation And Characterization Of An Apigenin-Phospholipid Phytosome (Aplc) For Improved Solubility, In Vivo Bioavailability, And Antioxidant Potential, Darshan R. Telange, Arun T. Patin, Anil M. Pethe, Harshal Fegade, Sridhar Anand, Vivek S. Dave

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

The apigenin-phospholipid phytosome (APLC) was developed to improve the aqueous solubility, dissolution, in vivo bioavailability, and antioxidant activity of apigenin. The APLC synthesis was guided by a full factorial design strategy, incorporating specific formulation and process variables to deliver an optimized product. The design-optimized formulation was assayed for aqueous solubility, in vitro dissolution, pharmacokinetics, and antioxidant activity. The pharmacological evaluation was carried out by assessing its effects on carbon tetrachloride-induced elevation of liver function marker enzymes in a rat model. The antioxidant activity was assessed by studying its effects on the liver antioxidant marker enzymes. The developed model was validated …

Medication Adherence In Patients With Myotonic Dystrophy And Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy, Bryan Fitzgerald, Kelly Conn, Joanne Smith, Andrew Walker, Amy L. Parkhill, James E. Hilbert, Elizabeth A. Luebbe, Richard T. Moxley Iii

Doctoral External Publications

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) and facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) are the two most common adult muscular dystrophies and have progressive and often disabling manifestations. Higher levels of medication adherence lead to better health outcomes, especially important to patients with DM and FSHD because of their multisystem manifestations and complexity of care. However, medication adherence has not previously been studied in a large cohort of DM type 1 (DM1), DM type 2 (DM2), and FSHD patients. The purpose of our study was to survey medication adherence and disease manifestations in patients enrolled in the NIH-supported National DM and FSHD Registry. The study …

Evaluation Of Over The Counter Medication Knowledge And Literacy In Middle School And High School Students, Tessa Kelly, Kelly M. Conn, Allison Bosworth, Matthew Zak

Doctoral External Publications

Over the counter (OTC) medications are commonly utilized by the public, including adolescents, to self-treat many conditions. Unfortunately, these products can be dangerous if not used safely and appropriately. Adolescents between 13 and 19 years old composed 7.32 percent of the human exposure cases reported to U.S. poison control centers in 2014. Among these cases, there were 53 fatalities involving pharmaceuticals. This is an age range where medication use becomes more independent and the education they receive throughout the school curriculum is unknown. This study was designed to evaluate OTC medication knowledge and literacy among middle and high school students.

Fructose Alters Cell Survival And Gene Expression In Microglia And Neuronal Cells Lines, Drew P. Seidel, Susan Denapoli, Thomas S. Maciulewicz, Melinda E. Lull

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Purpose: Microglia are macrophages that are found primarily in the CNS and play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy brain by engulfing invading microorganisms, releasing inflammatory mediators, and pruning dead cells. Microglia can become activated in response to certain stimuli which causes them to transition into a pro-inflammatory state, and can sometimes become chronically activated which can result in neuronal damage. Studies have shown a causal relationship between this activation and sugars such as fructose and glucose. We sought to understand the role of sugars in microglial activation and the subsequent effects on neuron health.

Methods: Rat microglia (HAPI) …

Assessing The Enhancement Of Aqueous Solubility Of Efavirenz Via Lyophilized Milk Based Solid Dispersion Formulations, Nishikant Raut, Pradip Dhore, Suprit Saoji, Vivek S. Dave

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Lubricant-Sensitivity Assessment Of Spress® B820 By Near Infrared Spectroscopy: A Comparison Of Multivariate Methods, Vivek S. Dave, Connor Mack, Heather Boyce, Enyioha Ike-Amaechi, Antione Al-Achi, Stephen W. Hoag, Rahul V. Haware

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

The aim of the present investigation was to compare the predictive performance of PCR and PLS calibration models based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) data used to monitor lubrication conditions impact on the tablet breaking force (TBF) of SPRESS® B820.

Influence Of Key Polymer Attributes, Manufacturing Conditions And Sintering On Abuse Deterrence Of Physical Barrier Type Abuse Deterrent Formulations (Adf), Heather Boyce, Vivek S. Dave, Myke Scoggins, Dan Smith, Steve Byrn, Bhawana Saluja, Wen Qu, Vadim J. Gurvich, Stephen W. Hoag

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

When sintering us used to treat tablet formulations containing polyethylene oxide (PEO), the polymer particles are able to form stronger bonds thereby increase tablet tensile strength. This increase in strength can make it more difficult for an abuser to break, chew, or grind opioid tablets. A mechanistic study was implemented to understand the key sintering factors that influence tensile strength.

Formulation And Characterization Of The Improved Solubility, In Vivo Bioavailability And Antioxidant Activity Of Apigenin-Phospholipid Complex (Aplc), Sridhar Anand, Darshan R. Telange, Arun T. Patil, Anil M. Pethe, Harshal Fegade, Vivek S. Dave

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

In the present study a phospholipid based complex of apigenin (APLC) was prepared with a goal of improving its aqueous solubility, dissolution, in vivobioavailability, and antioxidant activity.

Lgbtq Pharmacy Guide, Jennifer Mathews

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

This guide has been developed to help pharmacists and pharmacy staff provide an inclusive and welcoming environment for their LGBTQ patients. When LGBTQ patients do not feel welcomed and included or when they experience a negative encounter at a pharmacy they are less likely to return, which may negatively impact their health if this leads to delays or non-adherence with prescribed medications. This guide will cover key concepts and LGBTQ terms as well as the health disparities faced by LGBTQ people. It includes key tips on how to best care for LGBTQ patients as well as how to make your …

The Role Of Phospholipid As A Solubility- And Permeability-Enhancing Excipient For The Improved Delivery Of The Bioactive Phytoconstituents Of Bacopa Monnieri, Suprit Saoji, Vivek S. Dave, Pradip W. Dhore, Yamini S. Bobde, Connor Mack, Deepak Gupta, Nishikant Raut

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

In an attempt to improve the solubility and permeability of Standardized Bacopa Extract (SBE), a complexation approach based on phospholipid was employed. A solvent evaporation method was used to prepare the SBE-phospholipid complex (Bacopa Naturosome, BN). The formulation and process variables were optimized using a central-composite design. The formation of BN was confirmed by photomicroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD). The saturation solubility, the in-vitro dissolution, and the ex-vivo permeability studies were used for the functional evaluation of the prepared complex. BN exhibited a significantly higher aqueous …

Evaluation Of Microparticulate Ovarian Cancer Vaccine Via Transdermal Route Of Delivery, Suprita A. Tawde, Lipika Chablani, Archana Akalkotkar, Martin J. D'Souza

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Ovarian cancer is the fifth most commonly occurring malignancy in women, with the highest mortality rate among all the gynecological tumors. Microparticulate vaccine can serve as an immunotherapeutic approach with a promising antigenic delivery system without a need for conventional adjuvants. In this study, a microparticulate vaccine using whole cell lysate of a murine ovarian cancer cell line, ID8 was prepared by spray drying. Further, the effect of interleukins (ILs) such as IL-2 and IL-12 was evaluated in a separate study group by administering them with vaccine particles to enhance the immune response. The vaccine microparticles were administered to C57BL/6 …

Sharing Success: Expansion Of A Tutor-Run Assessment Method To Multiple Courses And Colleges, Melinda E. Lull, Ashley N. Castleberry, Jennifer L. Mathews, Sarah Thornton, Ryan Mckelvie

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objectives: In 2014, data were presented on a successful pilot program using quizzes written by tutors in a single course at Wegmans School of Pharmacy. The objective of this study was to use the methods from the pilot to expand the program to other pharmacology courses at Wegmans School of Pharmacy as well as the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Pharmacy.

Methods: Methods from the previous study were replicated, whereby tutors wrote weekly quizzes administered using ExamSoft®. The optional quizzes were openly accessible to students in preparation for course exams. Performance data were collected from students in …

Path To Success: Development Of The Pharmacist Through The Continuum Of Pharmacy School And Beyond, Deirdre P. Pierce, Kathryn A. Connor, Nabila Ahmed-Sarwar, Keith Delmonte, David Mccaffrey, Angela Nagel, Melinda E. Lull, Jennifer L. Mathews, Anne Schweighardt, Judianne Slish, Elizabeth Sutton Burke, Melanie Symoniak, Matthew Zak, Christine R. Birnie Phd, Jack Brown

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective: To explore the processes and opportunities provided in the co-curriculum of the Wegmans School of Pharmacy (WSoP) that contribute to the development of successful pharmacy graduates.

Methods: Pharmacy career preparation begins at orientation with workshops on emotional intelligence, leadership, and the APhA Career Pathway Evaluation Program. During the P1 through P4 years, the optional Student Development Workshop Series (SDW) offers seminars for students on a variety of topics including time management, exam taking strategies/anxiety management, learning styles, personal “brand” creation, CV/portfolio development, and interview soft skills. All students may participate in the annual WSoP Career Day, which offers networking …

The Study Of The Influence Of Formulation And Process Variables On The Properties Of Simvastatin-Phospholipid Complex, Suprit Saoji, Veena S. Belgamwar, Sanket S. Dharashivkar, Aniket A. Rode, Connor Mack, Vivek S. Dave

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of the formulation and process variables on the entrapment efficiency of simvastatin-phospholipid complex (SPC), prepared with a goal of improving the solubility and permeability of simvastatin.

Method: The SPC was prepared using a solvent evaporation method. The influence of formulation and process variables on simvastatin entrapment was assessed using a central composite design. An additional SPC was prepared using the optimized variables from the developed quadratic model. This formulation was characterized for its physical-chemical properties. The functional attributes of the optimized SPC formulation were analyzed by apparent aqueous …

Impact Of A Hospital’S Antibiotic Stewardship Team On Fluoroquinolone Use At A Long- Term Care Facility, Christine L. Rahme, Helen M. Jacoby, Lisa M. Avery

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

The primary objective of this study was to assess whether a hospital-based antimicrobial stewardship team (H-AST) from an unaffiliated hospital could decrease inappropriate fluoroquinolone use at a local, long-term care facility (LTCF). The H-AST created a multi-faceted intervention campaign that included antibiogram development, provider and family education, and a telephone hotline. Pre- and post-intervention mean defined daily doses per 1000 resident days for antimicrobials were calculated to determine the impact of the campaign. The campaign resulted in a 38.70% decrease in ciprofloxacin utilization, a 16.20% decrease in total FQ consumption, and an 11.68% in total antibiotic consumption. In addition, during …

Feasibility Test Of The Medacube, Charles Hoffmann, Anne Schweighardt, Kelly Conn, D. Nelson, R. Barbano, F. Marshall, Jack Brown

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Poor adherence is a significant barrier to achieve better patient outcomes. Rates of non-adherence approach 40% resulting in 10% of all emergency department visits and 23% of admissions into skilled nursing facilities. Many factors contribute to medication non-adherence including psychological and memory disorders, aging and pill burden. The MedaCube is a medication management system intended to help solve unintentional medication non-adherence. The device is designed to dispense scheduled and as-needed oral medications. The MedaCube provides audio and visual prompts alerting subjects to administer their medications. Caregivers receive notification of missed doses, late doses and refill requests. The null hypothesis is …

Sglt-2 Inhibitors: A Novel Mechanism In Targeting Glycemic Control In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Kobi T. Nathan, Nabila Ahmed-Sarwar, Paul M. Werner

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

OBJECTIVE: To review the chemistry, pharmacology, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, tolerability, dosing, drug interactions, and administration of canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and empagliflozin, and comparing the benefit and risk aspects of using these agents in the older adult diabetes patient population.

DATA SOURCES, STUDY SELECTION, DATA EXTRACTION, AND DATA SYNTHESIS: A search of PubMed using the terms "SGLT-2 inhibitors," "canagliflozin," "dapagliflozin," "empagliflozin," "efficacy," and "tolerability" was performed to find relevant primary literature on each of the sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors currently approved for use in type 2 diabetes. Phase III trials for all agents were included. All English-language articles from 2010 …

Monitoring Pharmacy Student Adherence To World Health Organization Hand Hygiene Indications Using Radio Frequency Identification, Andrew S. Decker, Gabriela Cipriano, Gill Tsouri, Jill Lavigne

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective. To assess and improve student adherence to hand hygiene indications using radio frequency identification (RFID) enabled hand hygiene stations and performance report cards.

Design. Students volunteered to wear RFID-enabled hospital employee nametags to monitor their adherence to hand-hygiene indications. After training in World Health Organization (WHO) hand hygiene methods and indications, student were instructed to treat the classroom as a patient care area. Report cards illustrating individual performance were distributed via e-mail to students at the middle and end of each 5-day observation period. Students were eligible for individual and team prizes consisting of Starbucks gift cards in $5 …

Antibiotic Review: Focus On Older Adults, Lisa M. Avery

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Learning Objectives:

• Discuss spectrum of activity of antimicrobials commonly prescribed to geriatric patients.
• Review antimicrobial adverse reactions and drug interactions that occur in the geriatric population.
• Determine appropriate antimicrobial dosing recommendations for geriatric patients.

Micro- And Nanoparticulate Cancer Vaccines: A Vision For The Future, Lipika Chablani

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

In lieu of an abstract, here is the article's first paragraph:

Formulation scientists are constantly challenged with unique opportunities to deliver chemotherapeutic drug molecules to cancer patients. With the growing rate of cancer diagnoses, new therapies are being introduced to pave their way to the market. Along with drug delivery, these formulation approaches are being screened for formulation, design, and development of cancer vaccines. Can a vaccine be formulated to obtain a protective or therapeutic immune response against cancer?

Treatment Modalities And Antimicrobial Stewardship Initiatives In The Management Of Intra-Abdominal Infections, Charles Hoffmann, Matthew Zak, Lisa M. Avery, Jack Brown

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) focus on improving the utilization of broad spectrum antibiotics to decrease the incidence of multidrug-resistant Gram positive and Gram negative pathogens. Hospital admission for both medical and surgical intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) commonly results in the empiric use of broad spectrum antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitors, and carbapenems that can select for resistant organisms. This review will discuss the management of uncomplicated and complicated IAIs as well as highlight stewardship initiatives focusing on the proper use of broad spectrum antibiotics.

The Use Of Podcast As A Teaching Tool For A Pharmacy Compounding Pre-Laboratory Lecture: A Survey Based Study, Lara Kratochwill, Elise Almagambetova, Anthony Corigliano, Christine R. Birnie Phd, Lipika Chablani

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective: To determine the opinions of pharmacy students towards use of podcast as a replacement to a traditional pre-laboratory lecture for a compounding course.

Methods: Second year pharmacy students were asked to view a podcast prior to their laboratory section as a replacement to an in-class pre-laboratory lecture. A voluntary survey was administered to obtain student feedback regarding the usefulness of podcasts and preferences for its use in future.

Results: A total of 192 out of 232 students responded to the survey conducted during 2011, 2012 and 2013. Of these, 94% of respondents reported viewing entire/ parts of the podcast. …

Online Self-Testing Resources Prepared By Peer Tutors As A Formative Assessment Tool In Pharmacology Courses, Melinda E. Lull, Jennifer Mathews

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of optional online quizzes written by peer tutors in a pharmacology course for doctor of pharmacy students.

Methods. Online quizzes were written by peer tutors for second-year pharmacy students. Quizzes reflected the material taught during lecture and were in a format similar to that of the examinations. Data related to performance on each quiz and each examination were collected throughout the semester. At the end of the semester, students and peer tutors were surveyed to gather information on the utility and success of the quizzes.

Results. Students taking online quizzes performed significantly better on examinations …