Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Preparasi, Karakterisasi Dan Evaluasi Pelepasan Obat Dari Beads Kalsium Alginat Deksametason Dengan Metode Gelasi Ionik, Christye Aulia, Joshita Djajadisastra

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a disease of inflammation in the colon. Targeted delivery systems for the treatment of IBD is designed to increase the drug concentration in the local tissue. Dexamethasone is a drug having anti-inflammatory and antifibrosis effects which is used to repair scar tissue arising from postoperative IBD. This research purpose to create calciumalginate beads dexamethasone to be released only in the colon. Beads were made by using sodium-alginate and Ca2+ as crosslinker by ionic gelation method, with ratio between sodium alginate-dexamethasone (3:1). A concentration of solution sodium alginate 3 % b/v with variation concentration of crosslinker …

Cytotoxic And Antioxidant Compounds From The Stem Bark Of Goniothalamus Tapisoides Mat Salleh, Kok Hoong Leong

Kok Hoong Leong

Eleven compounds:goniomicin A (1), goniomicin B (2), goniomicin C (3), goniomicin D (4), tapisoidin (5), goniothalamin (6), 9-deoxygoniopypyrone (7), pterodondiol (8), liriodenine (9), benzamide (10) and cinnamic acid (11), were isolated from the stem bark of Goniothalamus tapisoides. All compounds were identified by spectroscopic analysis and, for known compounds, by comparison with published data. Goniothalamin (6) exhibited mild cytotoxic activity towards a colon cancer cell line (HT-29), with an IC50value of 64.17 ± 5.60 μM. Goniomicin B (2) give the highest antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay among all compounds tested, with an IC50 of 0.207 μM.

Pharmacy Professor Collaborates In Valuable Drug Research, Nathan Pilling

News Releases

Natural products make up a sizable portion of the drugs Americans use every day. What makes these products effective? Are there other plants we haven’t discovered yet that could help us control diseases such as cancer and malaria? These are the questions Denise Simpson, Ph.D., is focused on answering through her research.

New Applications Of Mass Spectrometry For Drug And Lipid Analysis, Elizabeth Lauren Emerson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Mass spectrometry is an important tool used in many different disciplines and settings that include forensics, drug discovery, environmental analysis, and proteomics. Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI - TOF MS) are two of the most important instruments used for analysis of compounds. Chapters 1 and 2 of this discussion use GC-MS for the investigation of synthetic cannabinoids in `K2' incense products and the detection of metabolites in urine samples from individuals suspected of consuming these mixtures. Analytical standards were synthesized and used for identification and confirmation of structures. Detection of …

North American Bioactive Plants For Human Health And Performance, Maria Pontes Ferreira, Fidji Gendron, Katrina C. Mcclure, Kelly Kindscher

Nutrition and Food Science Faculty Research Publications

Native and naturalized bioactive plants of the Canadian and American temperate biome are examined for their health and performance enhancement properties. Some of these plants are now being used as natural health products, and many have a long history as traditional foods and/or medicines with indigenous groups. This paper reviews the medicinal/cultural uses and bioactive properties of selected plant families: the Holly family (Aquifoliaceae) as stimulants, the Celery family (Apiaceae) as normoglycemic aids and analgesics, the Ginseng family (Araliaceae) as energy- boosting aids, the Sunflower family (Compositae) as anti-inflammatory aids, and the Legume family (Fabaceae) and Nightshade family (Solanaceae) as …

Anabolic And Androgenic Effects Of Certain Atriplex Species Grown In Egypt, Dina M. El-Kersh, Fatma S. El-Sakhawy, Dina R. Abou-Hussein, Amany A. Sleem

Pharmacy

20-Hydroxyecdysone (20-HE) was detected by TLC in the ethyl acetate fraction of two Atriplex species grown in Egypt: A. lindleyi subsp. inflata and A. leucoclada. EIA quantification of 20-HE proved its presence in a concentration of 9.15 and 7.3 μg/g dried aerial parts in each of the two species, respectively. Significant anabolic and androgenic activities were demonstrated for 20-HE comparing to testosterone; the study also revealed that the total alcohol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of A. lindleyi subsp. inflata exhibited greater activities than their analogues in A. leucoclada. Column chromatographic fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction of the …

Development And Validation Of A Simple Method For The Detection Of Fascaplysin In Plasma, Kenneth H. Swartz, Frederick A. Valeriote, Joseph Media, Tyler A. Johnson, Karen Tenney, Phillip Crews, Jiajiu Shaw

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

Fascaplysin is a cytotoxic natural product isolated from a variety of Indo-Pacific marine organisms, primarily Fascaplysinopsis sponges and Didemnum tunicates. Positive xenograft studies involving this alkaloid structural class have indicated that fascaplysin may serve as an important lead compound for preclinical development. This study was undertaken as a prelude to a full pharmacokinetics and therapeutic assessment of fascaplysin. We describe here a simple plasma preparation and a rapid HPLC method for the detection of fascaplysin in mice. The method was validated by parameters including good linear correlation, a limit of quantification of 107.1 μg/ mL, and a good precision with …

Triterpenes And Steroids From The Leaves Of Aglaia Exima (Meliaceae), Kok Hoong Leong

Kok Hoong Leong

A study on the leaves of Aglaia exima led to the isolation of one new and seven known compounds: six triterpenoids and two steroids. Their structures were elucidated and analyzed mainly by using spectroscopic methods; 1D and 2D NMR, mass spectrometry, UV spectrometry and X-ray. All the triterpenoids and steroids were measured in vitro for their cytotoxic activities against eight cancer cell lines; lung (A549), prostate (DU-145), skin (SK-MEL-5), pancreatic (BxPC-3), liver (Hep G2), colon (HT-29), breast (MCF-7) and (MDA-MB-231). The new cycloartane triterpenoid, 24(E)-cycloart-24-ene-26-ol-3-one 1, showed potent cytotoxic activity against colon (HT-29) cancer cell line (IC50 11.5 μM).

Activation Of Amp-Activated Protein Kinase By 3,39-Diindolylmethane (Dim) Is Associated With Human Prostate Cancer Cell Death In Vitro And In Vivo, Di Chen, Sanjeev Banerjee, Qiuzhi C. Cui, Dejuan Kong, Fazlul H. Sarkar, Q. Ping Dou

Oncology Faculty Publications

There is a large body of scientific evidence suggesting that 3,39-Diindolylmethane (DIM), a compound derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, which is abundant in cruciferous vegetables, harbors anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Accumulating evidence suggests that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an essential role in cellular energy homeostasis and tumor development and that targeting AMPK may be a promising therapeutic option for cancer treatment in the clinic. We previously reported that a formulated DIM (BR-DIM; hereafter referred as B-DIM) with higher bioavailability was able to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell growth, angiogenesis, and invasion of prostate cancer cells. …

Uji Penghambatan Aktivitas Alfa-Glukosidase Ekstrak Dan Fraksi Daun Antidesma Montanum Blume, Nofiantini Nofiantini, Berna Elya, Azizahwati Azizahwati

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

alpha-Glucosidase inhibitor has known to be a therapeutic agent for diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment, especially type 2 DM. Based on previous studies. There are various plants that have the effect of inhibiting the activity of a-glucosidase, one of which is garu leaves (Antidesma montanum Blume). This research aimed to get the fraction which had the highest Il-glucosidase inhibiting activity from ethanol extract of garu leaves and identify the chemical compounds from the most active fraction. Simplisia powder was extracted by maseration using 80% ethanol then fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Inhibitory activity test was performed by measuring absorbance …

Development Of A Men’S Preference For Testosterone Replacement Therapy (P-Trt) Instrument, Sheryl L. Szeinbach, Enrique Seoane-Vazquez, Kent H. Summers

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background: This study used a standard research approach to create a final conceptual model and the Preference for the Testosterone Replacement Therapy (P-TRT) instrument.

Methods: A discussion guide was developed from a literature review and expert opinion to direct one-on-one interviews with participants who used testosterone replacement therapy and consented to participate in the study. Data from telephone interviews were transcribed for theme analysis using NVivo 9 qualitative analysis software, analyzed descriptively from a saturation grid, and used to evaluate men’s P-TRT. Data from cognitive debriefing for five participants were used to evaluate the final conceptual model and …

Analisis Zat Warna Merah Sintetik Pada Selai Stroberi Yang Dijual Di Pasar Tradisional Kota Depok, Putri Ayuningtyas, Rani Sauriasari, Maryati Kurniadi

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Jam is a semi-solid food products made of fruit cooked with sugar that used as aflavoring on bakery including strawberry jam. Strawberry jam is added to food additives such as food dyes. The purpose of this study is to know about ponceau 4R, allura red, rodamin B, and amaran in the sample of strawberry jam in the traditional market at Depok City and to determine the levels of synthetic red dyes that are permitted on the sample strawberry jam. The method applied was dye isolation with wool and followed by analysis using a color reaction, then followed by paper chromatography …

Uji Stabilitas Fisik Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Formula Krim Yang Mengandung Ekstrak Kulit Buah Delima, Joshita Djajadisastra, Juheini Amin

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Delima (Punica granatum L) merupakan salah satu buah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang kuat karena mengandung senyawa flavanoid dan tannin seperti asam elagic, asam gallat, punicalin, punicalagin, anthocianin, elligatanin, gallotanin, kuersetin, katekin. Senyawa—senyawa ini diketahui dapat mencegah dan menghambat terbentuknya radikal bebas yang penyebabkan penuaan dini dan penyakit kronis. Dalam penelitian ini ekstrak kulit buah delima diformulasikan dalam bentuk krim yang dibedakan kandungan nya yaitu konsentrasi 0, 75%, 1%, 2%. Uji kestabilan fisik dilakukan dengan penyimpanan sediaan pada tiga suhu yaitu suhu kamar; suhu 40C; 40,2 C, uji mekanik dan cycling test. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkkan bahwa krim ekstrak kulit buah …

Uji Efek Analgesik Ekstrak Etanol Mencit Jantan Dengan Metode Tail-Flick, Widiarti Widiarti, Retnosari Andrajati, Juheini Amin

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

In the previous study the analgesic effect of Cinnamommum zeylanicum Breyn had been investigating. The aim of this study was to investigate analgesic effect of the 70% ethanol extract of cinnamon bark (Cinnamommum zeylanicum Breyn.). This study used Tail Flick method at 25 male mice which have passed sensitivity test, divided into five groupes. Group I as negative control was administered 0,5% CMC, group Il as positive control was administered tramadol HCI, group Ill, IV and V was administered extract of cinnamon bark at 8; 16 and 32 mg/20 g BW. Drugs were orally administered to mice. The reaction of …

Seleksi Galur-Galur Leuconostoc Yang Mempunyai Aktivitas Bakteriostatin Terhadap Berbagai Bakteri Indikator, Agustina Retnaningsih, Amarila Malik, Maksum Radji

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Lactid Acid Bacteria (LAB) are known to produce bacteriocins which have antimicrobial activity, and possessed to be developed as antibiotic complement. This study aimed to characterize bacteriocins activity from Leuconostoc strains isolated previously from local sources, and to optimize pH and incubation temperature as well. A well diffusion agar assay for zone inhibition method and bacteriocin potency assay performing minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) have been done. Bacterial indicators used in this study are Leu. mesenteroides TISTR 120, and JCM 6124, Staphylococcus aureus FNCC 0047, Listeria monocytogenes FNCC 0156, Escherichia coli FNCC 0183, Pseudomonas aeruginosa FNCC 0063, Salmonella typhi FNCC 0165 …

Myxobacteria Versus Sponge-Derived Alkaloids: The Bengamide Family Identified As Potent Immune Modulating Agents By Scrutiny Of Lc-Ms/Elsd Libraries., Tyler A. Johnson, Johann Sohn, Yvette M. Vaske, Kimberly N. White, Tanya L. Cohen, Helene C. Vervoort, Karen Tenney, Frederick A. Valeriote, Leonard F. Bjeldanes, Phillip Crews

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

A nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) luciferase assay has been employed to identify the bengamides, previously known for their anti-tumor activity, as a new class of immune modulators. A unique element of this study was that the bengamide analogs were isolated from two disparate sources, Myxococcus virescens (bacterium) and Jaspis coriacea (sponge). Comparative LC-MS/ELSD and NMR analysis facilitated the isolation of M. viriscens derived samples of bengamide E (8) and two congeners, bengamide E' (13) and F' (14) each isolated as an insperable mixture of diastereomers. Additional compounds drawn from the UC, Santa Cruz repository allowed expansion of the structure activity relationship …

Pengaruh Pemberian Infusa Herba Sambiloto (Andrographis Paniculata Nees) Terhadap Glibenklamid Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Putih Jantan Yang Dibuat Diabetes, Santi Purna Sari, Azizahwati Azizahwati, Diandra Andina Ratimanjari

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Many diabetics perform self-medication with antidiabetic herbs and synthetic drugs with the aim to obtain a synergistic or additive effects without informing their primary physician, such as the use of creat and glibenclamide. This research was carried out to know the impact of creat herb infusion on glibenclamide in bwering blood glucose levels on diabetic male albino rats. This study used 24 male Sparague-Lawley rats, which are divided into 6 groups, normal control and diabetic control were given 0,5% CMC solution I ml/200 g bw of rat, glibenclamide control were given glibenclamide suspension 0,9 mg/200 g bw of rat, creat …

Skrining Fitokimia Dan Uji Penghambatan Aktivitas Alfa-Glukosidase Pada Ekstrak Etanol Dari Beberapa Tanaman Yang Digunakan Sebagai Obat Antidiabetes, Abdul Munim, Azizahwati Azizahwati, Ayu Andriani

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglicemia and associated with abnormalities in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolisms. Patients with DM in the world continue to increase along with population growths. Starting from this condition, searching for sources of DM treatment is always performed. One therapy of DM is a-glucosidase inhibitor. a-Glucosidase is an enzyme that can break down a complex carbohydrate into simple sugar. lhe inhibiton of this enzyme can retard the rate of carbohydrate digestion resulting in a delay in glucose absorption. The purpose of this studywas to identify the content of chemical compound …

Archaeosomes And Tetraether Lipid Liposome, Hans-Joachim Freisleben

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Archaea have phytanyl ether lipids which is one of the characteristics that separates them from bacteria and eukaryotes. Some archaea have also unique membrane spanning tetrae ther lipids (T EL); in Sulfolobus and Ihermoplasma species these TELmake up the majority of total membrane lipids. Archaeal lipids are able to form stable liposomal structures, both from membrane factions, mainly the polar membrane fraction, i.e. archaeosomes, or from highly purified TEL (tetraether lipid liposomes). Liposomes of the main polar lipid (MPL) from thermoacidophilic archaeon Ihermoplasma acidophilum were thoroughly inevstigated. Archaeosomes and TEL liposomes exhibit extremely low proton permeability and high stability at …

Uji Penghambatan Aktivitas Alfa-Glukosidase Ekstrak Dan Fraksi Daun Antidesma Neurocarpum Miq., Rieka Widihasputri, Berna Elya, Azizahwati Azizahwati

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic dysfunction disease showed by hyperglicemia and abnormality of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins metabolism. It is known can be cured with a-glucosidase inhibitor. Previous experiment reported that methanol extract from leaves of Antidesma neurocarpum Miq. has a strong inhibitory activity of a-glucosidase (IC50 = 2,18 mikrogram/mL). The aim of this experiment was to know about the most active extract and fraction of inhibitory activity of a-glycosidase and also the chemical compounds from those most active extract and fraction. Extraction is done by using multilevel maceration (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol). Inhibitory activity of a-glucosidase tested with …

Efek Antidiabetes Dan Identifikasi Senyawa Dominan Fraksi Kloroform Herba Ciplukan (Physalis Angulata L.), Sediarso Sediarso, Hadi Sunaryo, Nurul Amalia

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Antidiabetic activity of ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) herb has been widely observed, as an extracts and infusions, proven to reduce blood sugar levels in rats or mice induced by alloxan. The research objective was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect and identify the content of the chloroform fraction ciplukan herb eluated with methanol-ammonia. Antidiabetic effects testing conducted using 30 male white mice (Mus musculus) ddY strain were divided into 6 groups, each consisting of 5 mice. K-1 is a negative control induced by alloxan, K-2, K-3 and K-4 induced by alloxan and treated with the test substance dose of 50 mg/kg …

Pengaruh Pemberian Sari Buah Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia Linn.) Terhadap Glibenklamid Dalam Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus Putih Jantan Yang Dibuat Diabetes, Santi Purna Sari, Abdul Munim, Sri Wulandah Fitriani

Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian

Drug interactions can occur in the use of two or more drugs simultaneously, including the use of synthetic drug with herbal medicine. Combination of glibenclamide with noni juice (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) often used by diabetic patient to decrease their blood glucose level. lhe aim of this research was to know the interaction between glibenclamide and noni juice administration on blood glucose level. This research used 24 Sprague-Dawley male rats which were divided into 6 groups. Before the experiment, the rats were first induced by alloxan, except group 1, which was the normal control. Group 2 was the control of diabetic …

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Properties And Phenolics Of Different Solvent Extracts From Bark, Leaves And Seeds Of Pongamia Pinnata (L.) Pierre, Zahid Iqbal Sajid, Farooq Anwar, Ghulam Shabir, Ghulam Rasul, Khalid M. Alkharfy, Anwarul Hassan Gilani

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

This study appraises the antioxidant and antimicrobial attributes of various solvent extracts (absolute methanol, aqueous methanol, absolute ethanol, aqueous ethanol, absolute acetone, aqueous acetone, and deionized water) from bark, leaves and seeds of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre. Maximum extraction yield of antioxidant components from bark (16.31%), leaves (11.42%) and seeds (21.51%) of P. pinnata was obtained using aqueous methanol (20:80). Of the extracts tested, the bark extract, obtained with aqueous methanol, exhibited greater levels of total phenolics [6.94 g GAE/100 g dry weight (DW)], total flavonoids (3.44 g CE/100 g DW), inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation (69.23%) and DPPH radical …

Species And Tissue-Specificity Of Prokinetic, Laxative And Spasmodic Effects Of Fumaria Parviflora, Najeeb-Ur-Rehman, Malik Hassan Mehmood, Adnan J. Al-Rehaily, Ramzi A. A. Mothana, Anwar H. Gilani

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: Fumaria parviflora Linn. (Fumariaceae), is a small branched annual herb found in many parts of the world including Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. This study was designed to provide pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Fumaria parviflora in gut motility disorders. Methods: The in-vivo prokinetic and laxative assays were conducted in mice. Isolated intestinal preparations (ileum and jejunum) from different animal species (mouse, guinea-pig and rabbit) were separately suspended in tissue baths containing Tyrode's solution bubbled with carbogen and maintained at 37 degrees C. The spasmogenic responses were recorded using isotonic transducers coupled with PowerLab data acquisition system. Results: …

Spectaflavoside A, A New Potent Iron Chelating Dimeric Flavonol Glycoside From The Rhizomes Of Zingiber Spectabile Griff, Kok Hoong Leong

Kok Hoong Leong

The rhizomes of Zingiber spectabile yielded a new dimeric flavonol glycoside for which the name kaempferol-3-O-(4″-O-acetyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside-(I-6,II-8)-kaempferol-3-O-(4″-O-acetyl)-α-l-rhamnopyranoside; spectaflavoside A (1) was proposed, along with kaempferol and its four acetylrhamnosides (2–6), demethoxycurcumin (7) and curcumin (8). The structure of spectaflavoside A was elucidated by spectroscopic methods including, 1D and 2D NMR techniques. This is the first report on the occurrence of a dimeric flavonol glycoside in the Zingiberaceae and the second in nature. Spectaflavoside A was found to be a potent iron chelating agent.

Identification And Characterization Of Kava-Derived Compounds Mediating Tnf-Α Suppression, Michael P. Pollastri, Adrian Whitty, Jamie Cassidy Merrill, Trent D. Ashton, Salomon Amar

Michael Pollastri

There is a substantial unmet need for new classes of drugs that block TNF-α-mediated inflammation, and particularly for small molecule agents that can be taken orally. We have screened a library of natural products against an assay measuring TNF-α secretion in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 cells, seeking compounds capable of interfering with the TNF-α inducing transcription factor Lipopolysaccharide Induced TNF Alpha Factor (LITAF). Among the active compounds were several produced by the kava plant (Piper mysticum), extracts of which have previously been linked to a range of therapeutic effects. When tested in vivo, a representative of these compounds, kavain, was found …

Anthocyanins And Flavonoids Of Vaccinium L., Zushang Su

Faculty Publications

Vaccinium L., comprising approximately 450 species primarily in the Northern Hemisphere, is a genus of shrubs or lianas in the family Ericaceae. The berries of many species are harvested for household consumption and commercial sale. The genus produces a wide range of compounds such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, chromones, coumarins, lignans, benzoic acids, iridoids, sterols, and triterpenoids, but is best known for the production of anthocyanins and flavonoids. Extracts and isolates of anthocyanins and flavonoids from Vaccinium fruits or leaves showed antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral, vasoprotective, and antifungal activities. To data, more than 116 anthocyanins and flavonoids compounds have been isolated …

Phytochemical Constituents And Pharmacological Activities Of Eryngium L.(Apiaceae), Ping Wang, Zushang Su, Wei Yuan, Guangrui Deng, Shiyou Li

Faculty Publications

Eryngium L. is the largest and arguably the most taxonomically complex genus of the family Apiaceae. The genus has approximately 250 species throughout the world, with the center of diversity in South America. Some Eryngium species are cultivated as ornamental, vegetable, or medicinal crops for folk uses. With increasing chemical and biological investigations, Eryngium has shown its potential as pharmaceutical crops. This review focuses on phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of 127 compounds isolated and identified from 23 species of Eryngium, particularly nonessential oil compounds such as terpenoids, triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids, coumarins, polyacetylenes, and steroids. Eryngium extracts or isolates have shown …

Erectogenic Effects Of Clerodendron Capitatum: Involvement Of Phosphodiesterase Type-5 Inhibition, Dr Syam Mohan

Syam Mohan

No abstract provided.

Aqueous-Methanolic Extract Of Sweet Flag (Acorus Calamus) Possesses Cardiac Depressant And Endothelial-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor-Mediated Coronary Vasodilator Effects., Abdul Jabbar Shah, Anwar Gilani

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

This investigation was aimed to probe the pharmacological base of medicinal use of Acorus calamus in ischemic heart diseases. Effect on heart parameters was studied in isolated rabbit heart while coronary vasodilator effect was studied in isolated bovine coronary arterial rings, suspended in tissue baths filled with Krebs solution, maintained at 37degreesC, aerated with carbogen and responses were measured on PowerLab data acquisition system. In Langendorrf's perfused rabbit heart, the crude extract of Acorus calamus (Ac.Cr) at 0.01-10 mg/mL partially suppressed force of ventricular contractions (FVC), heart rate (HR) and coronary flow (CF). The ethylacetate fraction completely suppressed FVC, partially …