Other Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Fair Weight Loss After Gastric Rebanding For Slippage, Ahmed Dalmar, Maharaj Singh, Sara K. Roloff, Thomas Y. Chua

Maharaj Singh

Background: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is one of the most common bariatric surgery procedures performed in the United States. LAGB results in safe and satisfactory weight loss, but it is often complicated with slippage, a complication requiring rebanding (reoperation). There is a paucity of studies and no uniform consensus regarding weight loss after rebanding.

Purpose: This study assessed the effect of rebanding for slippage after LAGB on weight loss up to five years.

Methods: This is a historical cohort study of 865 patients who underwent LAGB from 2001 to 2011. Rebanding was performed in 103 (11.9%) patients. Primary outcome …

Fair Weight Loss After Gastric Rebanding For Slippage, Ahmed Dalmar, Maharaj Singh, Sara K. Roloff, Thomas Y. Chua

Ahmed Dalmar, MD

Background: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is one of the most common bariatric surgery procedures performed in the United States. LAGB results in safe and satisfactory weight loss, but it is often complicated with slippage, a complication requiring rebanding (reoperation). There is a paucity of studies and no uniform consensus regarding weight loss after rebanding.

Purpose: This study assessed the effect of rebanding for slippage after LAGB on weight loss up to five years.

Methods: This is a historical cohort study of 865 patients who underwent LAGB from 2001 to 2011. Rebanding was performed in 103 (11.9%) patients. Primary outcome …

Interrogating Metabolism In Brain Cancer, Travis Salzillo, Jingzhe Hu, Linda Nguyen, Nicholas Whiting, Jaehyuk Lee, Joseph Weygand, Prasanta Dutta, Shivanand Pudakalakatti, Niki Zacharias Millward, Seth Gammon, Frederick F. Lang, Amy B. Heimberger, Pratip Bhattacharya

Nicholas Whiting

A Parallel-Group Randomized Controlled Trial Of The Boa®-Constricting Iv Band, Richard N. Bradley

Richard N Bradley

Background. Few studies have demonstrated the ideal technique for placement of peripheral venous access.

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to conduct a randomized, controlled trial to determine if there was a difference in success rates for establishing peripheral intravenous lines (IVs) when using the BOA® Constricting Band (BOA) compared to a standard elastic tourniquet.

Methods. Eligible participants were paramedics working in the out-of-hospital setting and nurses working in a trauma center. The intervention group intended to use the BOA® for all IV attempts, while the control group intended to use standard elastic tourniquets. The primary outcome was success …

Professional Ethics: What You Should Know, Ann Obergfell

Ann M. Obergfell

No abstract provided.

Medical Law, Ann Obergfell

Ann M. Obergfell

No abstract provided.

Collaborative Diagnosis: Interdisciplinary Problem-Solving Between Physicians And Lawyers, Robert Pettignano, Lisa Bliss, Sylvia Caley

Sylvia B. Caley

Patient and client-centered practice and accurate problem diagnosis require that we understand the context within which the patient/clients’ problem originated. Effective problem solving depends upon context-specific solutions. This article describes the interaction of a medical clinician/educator and two legal clinicians/educators who work and teach together as part of an interdisciplinary community collaboration. We demonstrate how a pediatric hospital and two medical schools that treat acutely and chronically ill children collaborate with a legal services clinic based in a law school to provide interdisciplinary clinical education for students and engage in interdisciplinary problem solving for the benefit of patients and clients. …

Raising The Bar: Improving The Research Skills Of Undergraduate Strength & Conditioning Interns, Lara Sapp

Lara Sapp

Perceptions Of Medical Students And Their Supervisors Of The Preparation Of Students For Clinical Placement In Obstetrics And Gynecology, Patricia Johnson, Patricia Green, Peter Jones, Heather James

Patricia Green

Background: Research is limited regarding the adequacy of preparation of medical students for their placement in obstetrics and gynecology. The aim of this study was to determine the perceptions of a cohort of undergraduate medical students from an Australian university and their clinical supervisors of the on-campus preparation of students for their clinical rotation in obstetrics and gynecology. Methods: We used a descriptive exploratory qualitative research approach and purposive sampling to address the aim of the study. Ten undergraduate medical students and 4 of their supervisors participated in the study. Data were collected from focus group discussions, follow-up interviews, and …

The Core: What It Is And What It Is Not, Rob Marc Orr

Rob Marc Orr

No abstract provided.

Vaccine Introduction In The Democratic People's Republic Of Korea., F Marks, B Nyambat, Zy Xu, V Von Kalckreuth, Paul E. Kilgore, Hj Seo, Y Du, Se Park, J Im, F Konings, Cg Meyer, Tf Wierzba

Paul E. Kilgore

The feasibility of mass vaccination campaigns for Japanese encephalitis and Haemophilus influenzae type b infections was explored in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea using pilot vaccination studies. The experiences from these initial studies were then used to support larger vaccination campaigns in children at risk of these infections. We discuss the challenges and requirements for the inclusion of additional vaccines into the existing expanded program on immunization in the country.

The Formin-Homology-Domain-Containing Protein Fhod1 Enhances Cell Migration, Sreenivas Koka, Cheryl L. Neudauer, Xiaodong Li, Robert E. Lewis, James B. Mccarthy, Jennifer J. Westendorf

Xiaodong Li

Formin-homology-domain-containing proteins interact with Rho-family GTPases and regulate actin cytoskeleton organization and gene transcription. FHOD1 is a member of this family, interacts with Rac1 and induces transcription from the serum response element. In this study, we examined the effects of FHOD1 expression on cytoskeletal organization and function in mammalian cells. FHOD1 proteins were stably expressed in WM35 melanoma cells and NIH-3T3 fibroblasts. Cells expressing full-length FHOD1 demonstrated an elongated phenotype compared with vector-transfected cells and cells expressing a truncated FHOD1 (1-421) that lacks the conserved FH1 and FH2 domains. Full-length FHOD1 co-localized with filamentous actin at cell peripheries. Cells transiently …

Introduction: A Changing Indonesia, Maribeth Erb, Kathleen M. Adams

Kathleen M. Adams

No abstract provided.

Absolute And Relative Changes (Delta) In Troponin I For Early Diagnosis Of Myocardial Infarction: Results Of A Prospective Multicenter Trial., Alan B Storrow, Richard M Nowak, Deborah B Diercks, Adam J Singer, Alan H B Wu, Erik Kulstad, Frank Lovecchio, Christian Fromm, Gary Headden, Tracie Potis, Christopher J Hogan, Jon W Schrock, Daniel P Zelinski, Marna Greenberg, Robert H Christenson, James C Ritchie, Janna S Chamberlin, Kurtis R Bray, Daniel W Rhodes, Deirdre Trainor, Paula C Southwick

Marna R Greenberg DO, MPH, FACEP

OBJECTIVES: We investigated absolute and relative cardiac troponin I (TnI) delta changes, optimal sampling protocols, and decision thresholds for early diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Serial cardiac biomarker values demonstrating a rise and/or fall define MI diagnosis; however the magnitude of change, timing, and diagnostic accuracy of absolute versus relative (percentage) deltas remains unsettled. METHODS: We prospectively measured TnI (AccuTnI+3™, Beckman Coulter) at serial time intervals in 1929 subjects with chest pain or equivalent symptoms of acute coronary syndrome at 14 medical centers. Diagnosis was adjudicated by an independent central committee. RESULTS: Elevated TnI above a threshold of 0.03ng/mL demonstrated …

Real-Time Mri-Guided Catheter Tracking Using Hyperpolarized Silicon Particles, Nicholas Whiting, Jingzhe Hu, Jay V. Shah, Maja C. Cassidy, Erik Cressman, Niki Zacharias Millward, David G. Menter, Charles M. Marcus, Pratip K. Bhattacharya

Nicholas Whiting

Mass Gathering Medical Planning: An Overview Of The Australian Surf Life Saving Championships, David Reid, Stephen Leahy, Anne-Marie Widermanski

David N Reid

This article provides an overview of the Aussies, outlines its medical planning and role of the medical team, and describes the team structure. Equipment and team deployment is described. This article also identifies some of the challenges that the Aussies present to medical planners because of the unique factors which influence the number and type of patient presentations. Finally, improvement recommendations are made which outline a number of simple, yet key strategies which will improve medical planning in the future.

Longitudinal Investigation Of Natural Killer Cells And Cytokines In Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Ekua Brenu, Mieke Van Driel, Donald Staines, Kevin Ashton, Sharni Hardcastle, James Keane, Lotti Tajouri, Daniel Peterson, Sandra Ramos, Sonya Marshall-Gradisnik

Lotti Tajouri

Background: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is an etiologically unexplained disorder characterised by irregularities in various aspects of the immunological function. Presently, it is unknown whether these immunological changes remain consistent over time. This study investigates Natural Killer (NK) cell cytotoxic activity, NK cell subsets (CD56brightCD16- and CD56dimCD16+) and cytokines, over the course of a12 month period in patients with CFS/ME. Methods: The participants in the study comprised 65 (47.2 ± 11.5 years) CFS/ME participants and 21 (45.2 ±9.3 years) non-fatigued controls. Flow cytometry protocols were used to assess NK subsets and NK cytotoxic activity at various time points that …

It's Debatable: Tracking Changes In Student Opinions On Drug Policies After Classroom Debate, Carolyn Schubert, Lara Sapp, Elizabeth Howley

Carolyn F Schubert

This poster provides a case study integrating ethical reasoning and debate into an undergraduate Health Sciences course on drugs uses, effects, and policies. The course instructor, Health Sciences and Nursing Librarian, and JMU Debate Team coaches collaborated on building the tiered assignment of annotated bibliographies and classroom student debates. The results document pre and post surveys of student opinions regarding each of the debate topics, providing insight on how opinions changed through the course of this assignment.

Clinical And Laboratory Features That Distinguish Dengue From Other Febrile Illnesses In Endemic Populations, James Potts, Alan Rothman

Alan Rothman

OBJECTIVE: Clinicians in resource-poor countries need to identify patients with dengue using readily-available data. The objective of this systematic review was to identify clinical and laboratory features that differentiate dengue fever (DF) and/or dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) from other febrile illnesses (OFI) in dengue-endemic populations. METHOD: Systematic review of the literature from 1990 to 30 October 2007 including English publications comparing dengue and OFI. RESULTS: Among 49 studies reviewed, 34 did not meet our criteria for inclusion. Of the 15 studies included, 10 were prospective cohort studies and five were case-control studies. Seven studies assessed all ages, four assessed children …

A Peek Behind The Courtain: Peer Review And Editorial Decisions, Gustavo Saposnik

Gustavo Saposnik

No abstract provided.

Integrating An Automated Diabetes Management System Into The Family Management Of Children With Type 1 Diabetes., Tammy R. Toscos, Stephen W. Ponder, Barbara J. Anderson, Mayer B. Davidson, Martin L. Lee, Elaine Montemayor-Gonzalez, Patricia Reyes, Eric Link, Kevin L. Mcmahon

Tammy R Toscos

OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to evaluate how the use of a pervasive blood glucose monitoring (BGM) technology relates to glycemic control, report of self-care behavior, and emotional response to BGM of children with type 1 diabetes and their parents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Forty-eight children aged less than 12 years (mean 8.8 years) with type 1 diabetes were randomly assigned to one of two study groups, a control group (conventional care without technology) or an experimental group (conventional care with technology), and followed for 12 months. Families in the experimental group were given the Automated Diabetes Management System (ADMS), …

Student Safety And Patient Violence: The Basic Facts, Kevin J. Black

Kevin J. Black, MD

Virtual Patient Care: An Interprofessional Education Approach For Physician Assistant, Physical Therapy, And Occupational Therapy Students, Michael J. Shoemaker

Michael J Shoemaker, PT, DPT, PhD, GCS

The purpose of this retrospective qualitative case report is to describe how a case-based, virtual patient interprofessional education (IPE) simulation activity was utilized to achieve physician assistant (PA), physical therapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) student IPE learning outcomes. Following completion of a virtual patient case, 30 PA, 46 PT and 24 OT students were required to develop a comprehensive, written treatment plan and respond to reflective questions. A qualitative analysis of the submitted written assignment was used to determine whether IPE learning objectives were met. Student responses revealed three themes that supported the learning objectives of the IPE experience: …

Disability History Museum, Betty Landesman

Betty Landesman

Review of the Disability History Museum web site, http://www.disabilitymuseum.org/

Association Of Maternal And Community Factors With Enrollment In Home Visiting Among At-Risk, First-Time Mothers, N. Goyal, E. Hall, D. Jones, J. Meinzen-Derr, J. Short, R. Ammerman, J. Van Ginkel

David E. Jones

Welcome To The Journal Of Evolution And Health, Aaron Blaisdell, Paul Jaminet, David C. Pendergrass

Aaron P Blaisdell

Welcome to the first issue of the Journal of Evolution and Health! The Journal of Evolution and Health is the peer-reviewed, open-access journal of the Ancestral Health Society, a community of scientists, healthcare professionals, and laypersons who collaborate to understand health challenges from an evolutionary perspective.

Comparison Of Longitudinal Sciatic Nerve Movement With Different Mobilization Exercises: An In Vivo Study Utilizing Ultrasound Imaging, Richard Ellis, Wayne Hing, Peter Mcnair

Wayne Hing

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study using a single-group, within-subjects comparison. Objectives: To determine whether different types of neural mobilization exercises are associated with differing amounts of longitudinal sciatic nerve excursion measured in vivo at the posterior midthigh region.

Background: Recent research focusing on the upper limb of healthy subjects has shown that nerve excursion differs significantly between different types of neural mobilization exercises. This has not been examined in the lower limb. It is important to initially examine the influence of neural mobilization on peripheral nerve excursion in healthy people to identify peripheral nerve excursion impairments under conditions in which …

Poor Description Of Non-Pharmacological Interventions: Analysis Of Consecutive Sample Of Randomised Trials, Tammy Hoffmann, Chrissy Erueti, Paul Glasziou

Chrissy Erueti

Objectives: To evaluate the completeness of descriptions of non-pharmacological interventions in randomised trials, identify which elements are most frequently missing, and assess whether authors can provide missing details. Design: Analysis of consecutive sample of randomised trials of non-pharmacological interventions. Data sources and study selection: All reports of randomised trials of non-pharmacological interventions published in 2009 in six leading general medical journals; 133 trial reports, with 137 interventions, met the inclusion criteria. Data collection Using an eight item checklist, two raters assessed the primary full trial report, plus any reference materials, appendices, or websites. Questions about missing details were emailed to …

Near-Unity Nuclear Polarization With An Open-Source 129xe Hyperpolarizer For Nmr And Mri, Panayiotis Nikolaou, Aaron M. Coffey, Laura L. Walkup, Brogan M. Gust, Nicholas Whiting, Hayley Newton, Scott Barcus, Iga Muradyan, Mikayel Dabaghyan, Gregory D. Moroz, Matthew S. Rosen, Samuel Patz, Michael J. Barlow, Eduard Y. Chekmenev, Boyd M. Goodson

Nicholas Whiting

Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Micrornas As Prospective Biomarkers For Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, Ekua Brenu, Kevin Ashton, Mieke Van Driel, Donald Staines, Daniel Peterson, Gunn Atkinson, Sonia Marshall-Gradisnika

Kevin Ashton

Background: Immune dysfunction associated with a disease often has a molecular basis. A novel group of molecules known as microRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with suppression of translational processes involved in cellular development and proliferation, protein secretion, apoptosis, immune function and inflammatory processes. MicroRNAs may be implicated in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME), where immune function is impaired. The objective of this study was to determine the association between miRNAs in cytotoxic cells and CFS/ME. Methods: Natural Killer (NK) and CD8+T cells were preferentially isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from all participants (CFS/ME, n = 28; mean age = …