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Articles 1 - 30 of 35
Full-Text Articles in Nursing
Improving Nursing Shift Handoff Reports: A Quality Improvement Project, Nathan Mm Secrest
Improving Nursing Shift Handoff Reports: A Quality Improvement Project, Nathan Mm Secrest
Master's Projects and Capstones
Nursing shift-to-shift handoff report can greatly impact a patient’s quality of care. According to the Joint Commission, “an estimated 80 percent of serious medical errors involve miscommunication between caregivers when patients are transferred or handed-off” (Inadequate handoff communication, 2017). In total, this quality improvement (QI) project worked with three hospital inpatient units on three different floors in an urban California (CA) city. Each unit and even shifts within each unit varied, leading to the conclusion that interventions should be trialed by units with the most buy-in, then adjusted to the unique needs of each unit. For our main intervention we …
Improving The Perioperative Experience Of Patients And Families In A Pediatric Setting, Anjanette Pong
Improving The Perioperative Experience Of Patients And Families In A Pediatric Setting, Anjanette Pong
Student Scholarly Projects
Practice Problem: The experience of surgery for pediatric patients and their families can be dependent on multiple factors including adequate preparation, English language proficiency and realistic expectations. Anxiety can contribute to a negative experience that may result in poor outcomes and a damaging reflection of the healthcare team and organization.
PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was: In preoperative pediatric patients and their families, how do therapeutic communication style and the provision of information about the perioperative experience affect their healthcare experience over eight weeks?
Evidence: A multi-modal approach to providing tailored preoperative education for the child and …
Home Health Care Cahps® Survey: Predicting Patient Experience Performance, Stephanie Ballengee, Girlyn Cachaper, Kim S. Bradley, Hessamaldin Sadatsafavi, Ralitsa S. Maduro, Merri K. Morgan, Kathie S. Zimbro
Home Health Care Cahps® Survey: Predicting Patient Experience Performance, Stephanie Ballengee, Girlyn Cachaper, Kim S. Bradley, Hessamaldin Sadatsafavi, Ralitsa S. Maduro, Merri K. Morgan, Kathie S. Zimbro
Patient Experience Journal
Our home health (HH) division has collected Home Health Care CAHPS® Survey (HHCAHPS) data since 2011. To date, HH providers have not met performance thresholds related to patient experience. This study aimed to explore HHCAHPS composite measures and specific questions to predict 1) overall rating of care provided by the agency (Care Rating) and 2) willingness to recommend home health agency to family and friends (Recommend Agency). We also explored survey comments to identify specific themes related to positive and negative patient experiences. Logistic regression (N = 7 268) revealed being treated with courtesy and respect, and providers being informed …
Patients’ Perceptions And Knowledge Of Source Isolation For Multi-Resistant Organisms In An Australian Metropolitan Hospital: A Bedside Interview With Questionnaire Study, Alison Smith, Gillian Ray-Barruel
Patients’ Perceptions And Knowledge Of Source Isolation For Multi-Resistant Organisms In An Australian Metropolitan Hospital: A Bedside Interview With Questionnaire Study, Alison Smith, Gillian Ray-Barruel
Patient Experience Journal
The aim of this study was to explore perceptions and knowledge of source isolation among hospitalised patients colonised or infected with multi-resistant organisms, to identify if information provided and delivery method are helpful and appropriate, and to identify areas for practice improvements. Purposive sampling was conducted. Between November 2019 and January 2020, bedside interviews with structured questionnaires (combining multiple-choice and free-text questions) were conducted with adult in-patients requiring isolation for multi-resistant organisms in a 180-bed metropolitan hospital in Brisbane, Australia. Data analysis included quantifying multiple-choice responses and thematic analysis of free-text responses. Thirty participants completed the interview questionnaire. Lack of …
Mystay – Development Of Nurse-Facilitated Condition-Specific Multimedia Resources To Facilitate Patient Participation In Postoperative Care, Jo Mcdonall, Anastasia F. Hutchinson, Natalie Heynesbergh, Bernice Redley, Richard De Steiger, Damien Khaw, Mari Botti
Mystay – Development Of Nurse-Facilitated Condition-Specific Multimedia Resources To Facilitate Patient Participation In Postoperative Care, Jo Mcdonall, Anastasia F. Hutchinson, Natalie Heynesbergh, Bernice Redley, Richard De Steiger, Damien Khaw, Mari Botti
Patient Experience Journal
Improved postoperative outcomes and the global drive toward the provision of patient-centred care underpins efforts to enhance the nature and capacity of patient participation in acute postoperative hospital care. In this paper, we describe the design, framework and processes used to develop a modular, procedure-specific, digital health intervention platform aimed at improving the patient experience and patient participation in care following surgery. The intervention, a multimedia application MyStay, uses bedside delivery of audio-visual and text-based information to engage postoperative patients to better participate in their care. MyStay modules are developed using an iterative, multi-method approach intended to balance procedure-specific best …
From The First Encounter: A Communication Program For High Volume, High Acuity Patient Care Locations, Shazam Bacchus
From The First Encounter: A Communication Program For High Volume, High Acuity Patient Care Locations, Shazam Bacchus
Student Scholarly Projects
Effective communication is a true value to healthcare organizations. Far too many communication sessions are detrimental to patient health outcomes. National data and hospital records are proven information to suggest communication is a major barrier to overall patient satisfaction. Organizations struggle to increase market share and patient satisfaction with a likelihood to recommend because of poor communication by physician and nurses. The use of a strategic communication tool like AIDET plus the Promise can influence the improvement of an organization’s quality of care.
This paper examines the use of AIDET plus the Promise as a strategic communication tool. High volume, …
Communication Techniques For Nursing Students, Erin Raby
Communication Techniques For Nursing Students, Erin Raby
Honors Theses
This thesis will discuss the effects nursing preceptors have on nursing students' clinical experience. This thesis will explore multiple factors that negatively impact nursing student’s communication with their preceptors. It has been found that clinical experiences are extremely important for the future of nursing students. However, there is often a communication barrier between nursing students and their preceptors. This barrier can lead to negative outcomes for new nurses entering the field. Strained communication can also create dangerous situations for patients. Students who fear harsh comments or vertical violence may be reluctant to disclose the limitations of their knowledge. We completed …
A Bedside Handoff Tool To Enhance Fall Safety Measures In The Emergency Department, Isha Adora Godbold
A Bedside Handoff Tool To Enhance Fall Safety Measures In The Emergency Department, Isha Adora Godbold
Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects
Problem Statement: The Emergency Department (ED) is a fast-paced environment where the risk of communication failure enhances due to the variation in patient acuity, variety of shift options, and constant interruptions (White- Trevino & Dearmon, 2018). Ineffective communication can lead to increased adverse events, medical errors, and poorer patient health outcomes (Campbell & Dontje, 2019). Additionally, medical errors, such as falls, are more likely to occur during handoff when nurses change shifts (Campbell & Dontje, 2019). The most reoccurring medical error in the ED is patient falls.
Purpose: This quality improvement project aims to introduce a structured handoff rounding
tool, …
Improving Perioperative Communication: Can Labelled Theatre Caps Play A Role?, Maree Yates, Paula Foran
Improving Perioperative Communication: Can Labelled Theatre Caps Play A Role?, Maree Yates, Paula Foran
Journal of Perioperative Nursing
Studies have shown that approximately one third of operating room communications fail. This has a negative impact on patient safety, with half of all adverse events being attributed to communication failures. However, human factors have the capacity to protect patients. Aviation’s human factors strategies provide guidance for staff and are beneficial in the operating room. Currently, no intervention is universally applied to improve operating room communication and team performance. Closed loop communication, though poorly utilised, has been demonstrated to counteract communication errors, therefore protecting patient safety. In 2018, calls were made to take advantage of theatre caps to display staff …
Improved Data Communication With Frontline Staff, David Sprecher
Improved Data Communication With Frontline Staff, David Sprecher
Master's Projects and Capstones
Problem: Frequently, communication from the Quality Department (QD) needs to be filtered through several organizational layers without first-hand knowledge of what message was given to frontline staff. Current mechanisms of communication between the QD and front-line microsystem teams have barriers preventing them from being consistent and reliable.
Context: Research has found that collaborating with and supporting frontline staff was key to establishing a culture that supports change and a focus on safety. Establishing open communication and effective teamwork with individuals on the frontline leads to shared values within a team and better collaboration which drives performance improvement.
Interventions: For trended …
Global Child And Family-Centered Care Fellowship, Education And Mentorship For Pediatric Healthcare Professionals: A Literature Review, Ashley Zheng, Bobbijo Pansier
Global Child And Family-Centered Care Fellowship, Education And Mentorship For Pediatric Healthcare Professionals: A Literature Review, Ashley Zheng, Bobbijo Pansier
Patient Experience Journal
Child- and family-centered care (FCC) is increasingly accepted and implemented to optimize the healthcare experience for patients, their families, and healthcare professionals. Standish Foundation for Children, a 501(c)(3) non-profit, has designed and piloted a fellowship to educate pediatric healthcare professionals in FCC & psychosocial care via an inquiry and mentorship model in Tbilisis, Georgia. This review aimed to evaluate and synthesize existing literature on psychosocial and FCC mentorship for pediatric healthcare professionals in four parts: ongoing need, effects on healthcare professionals, effects on children and their families and/or caregivers, and in cross-country healthcare settings. Reviewers searched open-source databases for articles …
Genomics-Informed Nursing Care: A Survey Of Nicu Nurses' Experience And Perspectives Related To Genomic Sequencing, Rachel I. Anderson
Genomics-Informed Nursing Care: A Survey Of Nicu Nurses' Experience And Perspectives Related To Genomic Sequencing, Rachel I. Anderson
Theses and Dissertations
Background: Genomic sequencing is used in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) to diagnose babies with genetic disorders. Purpose: To explore the experiences and knowledge of nurses working in NICUs related to genomic sequencing. Methods: This was a mixed-methods, cross-sectional descriptive survey of NICU nurses attending a national conference. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were coded into categories and themes. Results: Of 188 NICU nurses, nearly half reported experience with genomic sequencing. Among nurses with experience, 62.7% rated the amount of discussion they had with families about genomic sequencing as "0". Additionally, 72.7% of participants reported …
Implementation Of Scripted Debriefings Following Neonatal Delivery Room Resuscitations., Kimberly M. Knott
Implementation Of Scripted Debriefings Following Neonatal Delivery Room Resuscitations., Kimberly M. Knott
Doctor of Nursing Practice Papers
Abstract
Background: The functioning of neonatal delivery teams can be affected by technical and non-technical skills of individual team members. The team in this project was challenged by varying knowledge and skill levels and did not have a standardized process for debriefing resuscitation events. The literature shows that debriefings can aid in improving knowledge, skills, teamwork, and communication of resuscitation teams.
Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to implement a scripted, post-resuscitation debriefing with the neonatal delivery team to improve non-technical skills of the resuscitation team and identify challenges to providing optimal care.
Method: Scripted, …
Revising An Order Set To Standardize The Workflow For The Outpatient Intravenous Diuretic Therapy Clinic In The Cardiac Cath Lab Holding Area, Mackenzie Trent Rasnake
Revising An Order Set To Standardize The Workflow For The Outpatient Intravenous Diuretic Therapy Clinic In The Cardiac Cath Lab Holding Area, Mackenzie Trent Rasnake
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
Heart failure (HF) is the leading cause of hospital admissions and readmissions. This produces costly hospital bills and detrimental effects on healthcare systems (Babar et al., 2020). It has been shown that intravenous (IV) diuretic therapy in the outpatient setting will reduce HF-related hospital readmissions (Abougergi et al., 2021). Outpatient IV diuretic therapy clinics are crucial for this reason. Revising an order set for the outpatient IV diuretic therapy clinic in the Cardiac Cath Lab holding area will reduce patient length of stay, improve nurse-provider communication, and increase patient and nurse satisfaction. Utilizing the Secure Chat feature within the electronic …
Implementing A D/Deaf Educational Module For Graduate Nursing Students, Brenda J. Pauley
Implementing A D/Deaf Educational Module For Graduate Nursing Students, Brenda J. Pauley
Dissertations
Problem: Nurse practitioners lack knowledge and skills to effectively communicate with D/deaf individuals which potentiates risk for health disparities and gaps in care. Graduate nursing programs rarely incorporate D/deaf-focused education in their curriculums.
Methods: This descriptive quality improvement project implemented the first D/deaf-focused educational online module at a Midwestern university’s College of Nursing. A purposive sample of 38 BSN-DNP students enrolled in the Spring Intensive completed a pre- and post-education survey. Both surveys assessed students’ D/deaf perceptions through Lewis and Keele’s (2020) D/deaf and Hard of Hearing Interaction Beliefs Scale for Registered Nurses (DdHH-IBS/RN) and evaluated students’ knowledge through a …
Implementing A Standardized Nursing Communication Tool To Improve Inpatient Nursing Communication, Ashley D. Nator
Implementing A Standardized Nursing Communication Tool To Improve Inpatient Nursing Communication, Ashley D. Nator
Dissertations
Implementing a Standardized Nursing Communication Tool to Improve Inpatient Nursing Communication
Ashley D. Nator
B.S. Nursing, University of Missouri-St. Louis, 2018
A Dissertation Submitted to The Graduate School at the University of Missouri-St. Louis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
Doctor of Nursing Practice with an emphasis in Family Nurse Practitioner
August 2022
Advisory Committee
Cathy Koetting, PhD, DNP, APRN, CPNP, PMHS, FNP-C
Chairperson
Sarah Jackson, DNP, APRN, FNP-C
Amy Terbrock, MSN, PCCN, SCRN, RN
Copyright, Ashley D. Nator, 2021
Original: 08/2021 Revised: 09/2021, 10/2021, 04/2022
Abstract
Problem: Patient handovers occur among nurses more than 4,000 times …
Utilization Of Staff Education To Improve The Management Of Aggression And Violence In The Rural Inpatient Psychiatric Setting, Clara Ugwuibe-Ogunseye
Utilization Of Staff Education To Improve The Management Of Aggression And Violence In The Rural Inpatient Psychiatric Setting, Clara Ugwuibe-Ogunseye
Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects
Background: Workplace violence (WPV) is a global concern and an occupational hazard faced by healthcare professionals worldwide. Aggression and violence can result in serious injury to the patient, healthcare professional, other patients, or visitors and cause stress to healthcare workers, and increase work absences (Picot, 2021).
Purpose: This DNP process improvement project aim was to utilize an educational training program on violence risk assessment, therapeutic communication, and verbal de-escalation techniques, to improve the confidence of mental health nursing staff in using early intervention to manage aggressive, violent patients. This education and early intervention reduced rates of aggression and violence escalation, …
Improving Confidence And Job Satisfaction In Emergency Nurses Through Teamstepps., Anna Moore
Improving Confidence And Job Satisfaction In Emergency Nurses Through Teamstepps., Anna Moore
Doctor of Nursing Practice Papers
Problem Statement: New-graduate nurses (NGNs) are experiencing job dissatisfaction related to low communication confidence leading to high turnover rates and avoidance behaviors.
Purpose: To improve communication confidence and job satisfaction in NGNs through a nurse-led education session on emergency department (ED) communication techniques.
Methods: One online class lasting ~60 minutes was provided to educate NGNs on standardized emergency communication techniques. A pre-test post-test design was used with evaluations occurring before the education, immediately after, and 30 days later.
Results: Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the sample makeup. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to calculate significant changes in communication …
Improving Healthcare Team Communication With Limited English Proficiency Families In The Nicu, Ivonne Mandell
Improving Healthcare Team Communication With Limited English Proficiency Families In The Nicu, Ivonne Mandell
Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects
Language barriers are common in healthcare settings, creating disparities in care between individuals with limited English proficiency and those with English proficiency. In the NICU setting, professional medical interpreters have been shown to improve parent/staff communication and increase parent satisfaction by allowing parents to ask questions and form trusting relationships with staff. Solid parent-provider communication can result in better health outcomes by increasing parental empowerment and participation in their child’s care. Despite the acknowledged advantages of using professional interpreters in healthcare settings, they are frequently under-utilized, even when readily available. The purpose of this project was to improve communication with …
Nurses Leading In Bridging The Culture Gap: Communicating With The Deaf Community, Veronica C. Leftridge
Nurses Leading In Bridging The Culture Gap: Communicating With The Deaf Community, Veronica C. Leftridge
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Nurses provide patient care in clinics, hospitals, homes, churches, schools, communities, and military, as well as on emergency medical helicopters. When a nurse is assigned to care for a patient, the patient expects the nurse to be culturally competent, communicate effectively, and provide safe quality care. However, cultural incompetence is observed when nurses provide care for Deaf patients, but they are unfamiliar with Deaf culture. In addition, communication is a fundamental skill nurses learn in nursing school, but course content in nursing programs rarely touches on how to communicate effectively with Deaf patients. Of the approximately 325 million people in …
Civility And Communication Interventions To Improve Patient Outcomes, Lane Denney
Civility And Communication Interventions To Improve Patient Outcomes, Lane Denney
The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses
Communication in health care is vital for the successful care of patients and their outcomes while they are hospitalized. Healthcare workers are responsible for communicating patient information whether it is between change of shifts or reporting to a patient’s provider. It is important that this information is communicated effectively. This review evaluates how nurses communicate in shift- report and how this affects patient outcomes and civility between nursing units and teams. Overall, bedside shift reports promoted the best patient outcomes and increased teamwork on hospital units.
The Use Of Standardized Patients To Improve Communication Skills: A Benchmark Study, Baylee A. Azbell
The Use Of Standardized Patients To Improve Communication Skills: A Benchmark Study, Baylee A. Azbell
MSN Capstone Projects
Effective communication is an important skill set for all nurses to withhold. In the medical field, poor communication skills have been associated with negative patient outcomes, increase in patient dissatisfaction and complaints, faulty treatment adherence, inadequate patient education, malpractice claims and poor patient and healthcare team relationships (Lin et al., 2013). Communication is a learned skill and needs to be taught from the very beginning of nursing school. Nursing schools need to be proactive and prepare their nursing students in promoting clear communication skills to ensure patient safety and satisfaction in care. This issue led to the benchmark project that …
Strategies To Improve Communication In Healthcare: An Integrative Review, Tracy Lynn Macdonald
Strategies To Improve Communication In Healthcare: An Integrative Review, Tracy Lynn Macdonald
Doctoral Dissertations and Projects
The purpose of this integrative review is to research, analyze, critique, and synthesize current literature to determine current practice of communication within healthcare. Communication errors continue to have a negative impact on patient outcomes, so this literature review will consider current strategies to improve communication, and thus improve patient outcomes. Several themes were identified as strategies to improve communication. Although there is abundant research on the topic of communication in healthcare, there is still a need for further adoption and implementation of various communication strategies, as well as a need for further evaluation to determine if these strategies do improve …
Communicating Comfort In Crisis: A Literature Review On Overcoming The Emergency Room Environment To Foster The Nurse-Patient Relationship, Faith G. Davenport
Communicating Comfort In Crisis: A Literature Review On Overcoming The Emergency Room Environment To Foster The Nurse-Patient Relationship, Faith G. Davenport
Senior Honors Theses
The average emergency room patient is not receiving the compassionate nurse-patient communication that patients experience on other hospital floors. Fewer positive nurse-patient interactions prompt patients to state that they feel uncomforted and dissatisfied on hospital exit surveys, inciting hospital management to investigate how to reverse this trend to retain their federal funding. Emergency room nurses cite multiple barriers inherent in their work environment that prevent them from building rapport with their patients, including a layout not conducive to private conversations, strict time constraints, and a fluctuating workload. Working for a prolonged period under these conditions is driving many nurses to …
Impact Of Emotional Intelligence On Interprofessional Teamwork, Interprofessional Communication, And Interprofessional Leadership, Kathleen M. Cox
Impact Of Emotional Intelligence On Interprofessional Teamwork, Interprofessional Communication, And Interprofessional Leadership, Kathleen M. Cox
Nursing Theses and Dissertations
Objective: The purpose of this body of work was to explore relationships among emotional intelligence (EI) and interprofessional (IP) competency domains to enhance IP team dynamics and communication.
Background: Decentralization of healthcare delivery may hinder effective handoffs creating opportunity for miscommunication of vital information and subsequent medical errors. Fostering effective communication is paramount for IP teams; however, differing communication styles can promote misunderstanding and conflict. Behavioral aspects of team dynamics and communication that comprise EI may be a solution but are rarely addressed in educational and safety programs.
Methods: Included in this portfolio are three manuscripts that help elucidate …
Standardized Daily Family Updates To Improve Patient Satisfaction Scores On A Pulmonary Medical Progressive Care Unit, Quentin Butterfield
Standardized Daily Family Updates To Improve Patient Satisfaction Scores On A Pulmonary Medical Progressive Care Unit, Quentin Butterfield
Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects
Communication remains one of the most challenging aspects of healthcare. COVID-19 added another layer of communication breakdown in the form of visitor restrictions that limited or removed visitation for hospital-positive patients. Guided by the principles of Jean Watson’s theory of human caring, a literature review was performed to determine best practice evidence related to improvements in communication.
A daily family update form was drafted to guide the nurses of a pulmonary medical progressive care unit in providing standardized daily family updates to improve communication through consistency of information shared. Patients identified family members they would like to receive daily updates …
Reduction Of Order-To-Scan Times To Increase Patient Throughput And Improve Patient Outcomes: A Quality Improvement Project, Jason Harrington
Reduction Of Order-To-Scan Times To Increase Patient Throughput And Improve Patient Outcomes: A Quality Improvement Project, Jason Harrington
Master's Theses and Capstones
Background: Throughput is a key metric for both the emergency department and the hospital system. Diagnostic tests, such as CT scans, can lead to a large delay in patient throughput which can negatively impact patient satisfaction and patient outcomes. Finding ways to reduce delays in CT scan acquisition can positively impact patient satisfaction and patient outcomes.
Aim: The specific aim of this quality improvement project was to decrease the amount of time it takes to complete abdominal CT scans with IV contrast once ordered from 61 minutes to below 35 minutes by July 1st, 2022
Methods: Plan was …
Improving Communication Skills Of New Graduate Nurses: Using Sbar Format, Meredith Lyanne Parker
Improving Communication Skills Of New Graduate Nurses: Using Sbar Format, Meredith Lyanne Parker
Master of Science in Nursing Theses and Projects
New graduate nurses face many challenges as they transition to professional practice (Mongale et al., 2018). Support from transition to practice (TTP) programs can have a tremendous impact on the success of a new graduate nurse and improve retention rates (Silvestre, 2017). Research identifies a gap in new graduate knowledge of communication skills (Song & McCreary, 2020). Education on improving communication using a standard format can impact patient outcomes and improve provider confidence (Marshall et al., 2008). Research also links provider confidence and proficiency to improved outcomes (Owens & Keller, 2018). Benner’s Novice to Expert Theory provides a theoretical foundation …
Cyberbullying In Middle School Students: An Intervention Using An Educational Mobile Application For Caregivers: A Pilot Study, Gregory C. Claxton
Cyberbullying In Middle School Students: An Intervention Using An Educational Mobile Application For Caregivers: A Pilot Study, Gregory C. Claxton
Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association
Cyberbullying among middle school students is a growing problem that is shown to affect psychological development in middle school youth which can result in self-harm and suicide. Evidence suggests more frequent communication between children and their caregivers is a protective factor against cyberbullying. The KnowBullying app is designed to increase caregiver and student communication to prevent bullying. This study examines the effectiveness of the KnowBullying app regarding enhanced caregiver and child communication and cyberbullying experience reduction in middle school students. Five students and nine caregivers were given surveys before and after the caregivers downloaded and used the KnowBullying app. The …
Postpartum Hemorrhage: Improving Patient Outcomes With Improved Communication And Post-Drill Debriefing, Sheila L. Lafortune
Postpartum Hemorrhage: Improving Patient Outcomes With Improved Communication And Post-Drill Debriefing, Sheila L. Lafortune
Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects
Abstract
Background: A woman is at risk of dying from postpartum hemorrhage every four minutes. Maternal hemorrhage is found to be the direct cause of maternal mortality, overall accounting for 27% to 75% of maternal deaths worldwide. In the United States, 54% to 93% of maternal mortality could have been prevented. Postpartum hemorrhage remains among the top causes of pregnancy-related deaths worldwide. The purpose of this project is to educate providers of obstetrical care regarding best practices for effective communication during a postpartum hemorrhage by implementing a debriefing educational tool during postpartum hemorrhage mock code drills. Methods: The postpartum …