Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Nursing Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Articles 61 - 90 of 518

Full-Text Articles in Nursing

Early Mobilization In Cardiac Surgery Patients, Morgan Gidley Jan 2021

Early Mobilization In Cardiac Surgery Patients, Morgan Gidley

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a buildup of plaque in the heart's arteries, which can lead to a heart attack and decrease the pumping ability of the heart muscle (American Heart Association, 2015). Because CAD is a cause major cause of mortality worldwide, it is essential to understand the risk factors, signs and symptoms, and pathophysiology behind the disease (Kanejima, 2020). To further investigate CAD, this poster was created as an educational tool. The poster discusses treatment options for heart attacks and CAD as well as preventative measures. This poster should be used as a tool to educate the public …

Go to article

Ulcerative Colitis, Randy Kinietz Jan 2021

Ulcerative Colitis, Randy Kinietz

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

This poster briefly covers the most important concepts of ulcerative colitis (UC). UC is a complex disease process and the exact etiology is not yet known. Many researchers are currently looking to find the cause of the disease and treatment options that can target the exact pathophysiological process. Nurses are instrumental in the care of UC, especially in an outpatient setting. Education on medications and proper follow-up appointments are the key to maintaining remission, reducing flare-ups, and cancer screening. Although UC is a complex disease, a multidisciplinary approach will reduce complications and prolong remission.

Go to article

Malignant Hyperthermia, Courtney Morris Jan 2021

Malignant Hyperthermia, Courtney Morris

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Malignant Hyperthermia as defined by the International Classification of Diseases is a rare but progressive, and life-threatening hyperthermic reaction in response to a triggering agent such as general anesthetic gases or the depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent Succinylcholine (Hopkins et. al., 2020). MalignantHyperthymia is a genetic disorder of the skeletal muscle, that leads to continuous muscle contraction and the inability to relax skeletal muscle (Haili and Weant, 2021). Signs and symptoms can vary from patient to patient and can be masked by anesthesia, but the classical signs include an increase in end-tidal CO2, increased heart rate, and a rapid increase in …

Go to article

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Calvin Sparks Jan 2021

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Calvin Sparks

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The poster following is a graphical representation displaying carbon monoxide poisoning and the affects on normal physiology. Carbon Monoxide Poisoning interrupts normal cellular processes and contributes to reduced utilization of oxygen. Carbon monoxide poisoning is responsible for up to 50 thousand hospital admissions annually. A colorless, odorless gas that any human being is potentially at risk for. A thorough review utilizing EBSCO was performed using Boolean Terms carbon monoxide poisoning and treatment. Articles were selected based on clinical relevancy with a published date within the past 5 years of 2021.

Go to article

Hypercoagulable State Of Covid-19, Amanda Martin Jan 2021

Hypercoagulable State Of Covid-19, Amanda Martin

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

From the data that has been collected and compiled on SARS-CoV-2, or Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it has shown that there are unique qualities of the novel virus that leads to a hypercoagulable state in those diagnosed. To effectively treat those afflicted with this specific symptom of COVID-19, an understanding of the pathophysiology of the virus must be established to effectively treat and potentially prevent coagulopathy and the thrombotic events that can ensue. Gaining more insight into this will allow for standardized plan of care that includes appropriate predicative labs and effective prophylactic medications to be utilized in outpatient or …

Go to article

Diabetes Mellitus, Allie Luther Jan 2021

Diabetes Mellitus, Allie Luther

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The topic of this poster is Diabetes Mellitus. This topic was chosen because 415 million people live with diabetes worldwide, and an estimated 193 million people have undiagnosed diabetes (Chatterjee et al., 2017). This number is expected to rise to 625 million by 2045 (Forouhi & Wareham, 2019). Type 2 diabetes accounts for more than 90% of patients with diabetes and leads to microvascular and macrovascular complications that cause profound psychological and physical distress to both patients and providers, and put a huge burden on health-care systems (Chatterjee et al., 2017). Despite increasing knowledge of the disease process an treatment, …

Go to article

Schizophrenia, Allison Hopps Jan 2021

Schizophrenia, Allison Hopps

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Schizophrenia overview including symptoms. Areas of interest regarding research and ways to advance treatment for schizophrenia patients. There is still much to be known about the disease and research to help patients.

Go to article

Atrial Fibrillation Pathophysiology, Ellen Macdonald Jan 2021

Atrial Fibrillation Pathophysiology, Ellen Macdonald

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Atrial Fibrillation is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia and contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. Despite how common this condition is, the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation is not fully understood. To enable better treatment and prevention of AF a clearer understanding of the development and progression of atrial fibrillation is needed. The purpose of the poster is to highlight current understanding of the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation as well as the signs and symptoms, complications and comorbidities, and the importance of nursing care for AF.

Go to article

Asthma, Rachel Webber Aug 2020

Asthma, Rachel Webber

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

This poster will investigate the pathophysiology of Asthma, and the importance of understanding how asthma is developed. The pathophysiologic relationship between the immune system, inflammation and asthma occurrence is explored in this poster. Asthma is caused by many environmental and genetic factors that lead to inflammatory mechanisms in the airway. There are many different risk factors that can cause an increased likelihood of developing asthma, such as childhood illness, pollutants, obesity, poor nutrition, and having allergies. There are many risk factors for the development of asthma, and cases across the world continue to grow. Although there is not an exact …

Go to article

Asthma Pathophysiology, Chad Webster Aug 2020

Asthma Pathophysiology, Chad Webster

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Asthma is a chronic underlying condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It has a variety of issues that it may cause including shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, airway inflammation and swelling among many others. These issues usually arise from a potential trigger (environmental or genetic) and can cause an hyper-responsive airway issue. The Doctor of Nursing Practice practitioner should be extremely knowledgeable and trained on the different types of interventions and implications when dealing with asthma. The intention of this poster is to educate students on the importance of understanding the pathophysiology of asthma and its effect on the …

Go to article

Bipolar Disorder, Heather Guthrie Aug 2020

Bipolar Disorder, Heather Guthrie

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Bipolar disorder is a mental disorder that causes severe swings in mood, energy, activity, concentration, and activities of daily living. These mood swings range from extremely euphoric, irritable, or animated behavior (manic) to despondent, apathetic, or dejected periods (depressive). This phenomenon was why this disorder was known as manic-depressive or manic depression. The need to understand the multiple factors regarding the disease process of this disorder, and the importance of treatment is vital for the safety and health of people across the world inflicted by bipolar disorder. Education is the key to how this disorder affects the entire trajectory of …

Go to article

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Stacey Carey Aug 2020

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Stacey Carey

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a severe and rare form of congenital heart disease with no known cause that decreases life expectancy and occurs during fetal cardiac development. Without treatment HLHS is fatal. HLHS consists of the underdevelopment of the left-sided heart structures leading to the failure of the left ventricle to support the systemic circulation resulting in single-ventricle physiology (Mussa & Barron, 2016). Prior to the 1980s HLHS was a universally lethal condition until 1982, when surgical management became available (Mussa & Barron, 2016). However, surgical management is not curative because the heart can never be “normal” (Mussa …

Go to article

Aging: The Impact Of Diet And Inflammation, Morgan Wiland-Gress Aug 2020

Aging: The Impact Of Diet And Inflammation, Morgan Wiland-Gress

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The immune system is a complex cohesive network. It requires every cell to work efficiently at maintaining homeostasis. It also prevents and repairs damage from internal and external pathogens. Recent research has focused on the concept of inflammaging, which is defined as age-related changes that occur in the immune system leading to dysfunction. The current understanding is that inflammaging contributes to the development of chronic diseases including; Type II Diabetes, Cardiovascular disease, Cancer, autoimmune disorders, neurological disorders, Alzheimer and Parkinson’s disease. The underlying pathophysiology of inflammaging is chronic inflammation and the imbalance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators. This imbalance leads …

Go to article

Barrett's Esophagus, Laura Hickey Aug 2020

Barrett's Esophagus, Laura Hickey

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The incidence of esophageal cancer, a deadly cancer, is rising and the only known precursor is Barrett’s esophagus. Barrett’s esophagus is a condition in which mucosa undergo progressive multi-step cellular changes. Currently, the exact pathogenesis is uncertain, but likely occurs from chronic reflux of acid and bile in the distal esophagus. Understanding the limited pathology of Barrett’s esophagus guides screening, surveillance, diagnosis and treatment. The current focus, though guidelines vary, recommends screening those at highest risk of developing Barrett’s: Caucasian males, over the age of 50, with central obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease, a history of smoking and a familial history …

Go to article

Pathophysiology Of Diabetes Mellitus, Nancy Rozzo Aug 2020

Pathophysiology Of Diabetes Mellitus, Nancy Rozzo

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

“Diabetes mellitus is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. In the past twenty years, the number of people diagnosed with diabetes has doubled” (CDC, 2020). Diabetes affects many people and if not diagnosed early, or managed appropriately, can lead to other health complications involving the heart and kidneys, leading to blindness and even a possible stroke. The three main types of diabetes are: type 1, type 2, or gestational diabetes. Currently, there are 34.2 million adults in the United States that have diabetes, and 1 in 5 of them do not know they have it (CDC, …

Go to article

Cardiovascular Disease, Samantha Kohler Aug 2020

Cardiovascular Disease, Samantha Kohler

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The purpose of the presentation is to expand on cardiovascular disease and the pathophysiology contributing to the disease process. The presentation allows for further education on modifiable risk factors, and the most common causes of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of death in the world (Najafipour, Afshari & Rostamzadeh, 2018). When diagnosing patients with cardiovascular disease they often have more than one modifiable risk factor. The modifiable risk factors are hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, smoking, and low physical activity (Najafipour et al., 2018). The purpose of the arteries of the heart is to provide …

Go to article

Acute Pancreatitis, Noah Prebish Aug 2020

Acute Pancreatitis, Noah Prebish

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The continents of the poster are the result of a literature search that was conducted to find the most up to date information on various aspects of acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis can be categorized as mild, moderate and severe cases. Mild and moderate cases of acute pancreatitis usually subside spontaneously and have no residual effects on patients. Severe acute pancreatitis is a potentially life-threatening disorder that results in the autodigestion of the pancreas. Autodigestion of the pancreas causes a systemic inflammatory response that usually results in rapid deterioration of patient’s hemodynamic status. Severe pancreatitis often leads to long hospital stays …

Go to article

Bacterial Vaginosis, Margaret Howard Aug 2020

Bacterial Vaginosis, Margaret Howard

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginal infections in women of reproductive age, with a prevalence of 29% in women ages 14- 49 in the United States (Center for Disease Control {CDC}, 2020). The exact pathogenesis of BV is unclear; however, several risk factors such as having unprotected sex, multiple new sexual partners, or frequent douching can lead to BV (Afolabi et al., 2016). Women diagnosed with BV have an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), gonorrhea, and chlamydia. BV is associated with health concerns such as miscarriages, preterm …

Go to article

Cerebral Palsy, Carly Jones Aug 2020

Cerebral Palsy, Carly Jones

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Cerebral Palsy (CP) as a heterogeneous condition with various types, causes, and patterns of neuropathology that all result in a disorder of posture and movement control. The most common etiologies of CP are usually congenital in nature meaning they begin in early pregnancy and happen before birth (MacLennan et. Al, 2015). However, there are still unknown causes of CP and it is now important to consider other etiologies that trigger different neuropathologies that contribute to varying symptoms of CP. Understanding the pathophysiology, causes, and signs and symptoms of CP can help facilitate appropriate treatment and therapies for improvement of function.

Go to article

Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction, Shawn Barkalow Aug 2020

Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction, Shawn Barkalow

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Heart failure (HF) is a complex disease the requires a high-level understanding of pathophysiology and physics. Heart failure is an umbrella term with multiple subsets beneath it. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction relates to a failing left ventricle with an ejection fraction (EF) of less than 40%. Inability to push fluid forward causes the heart rate to increase, neurohormonal changes and creates a backup of flow into the lungs creating dyspnea. Applied physics plays a large role in understand heart failure. Frank-starling’s curve, Ohm’s, Poiseulle’s and Laplace’s laws all apply to the physiological principles behind preload, afterload, and contractility. …

Go to article

Sepsis Pathophysiology, Samantha Kingsley Aug 2020

Sepsis Pathophysiology, Samantha Kingsley

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Sepsis is one of the most common diagnoses in medical intensive care units (MICUs) worldwide. Sepsis is a medical emergency where prompt intervention is vital to promoting positive patient outcomes. Septic shock develops when sepsis has progressed to the point of persistent hypotension despite appropriate fluid resuscitation. It is important to recognize the early signs of sepsis and intervene to prevent further progression. As the understanding of the pathophysiology has developed further over the years, the treatments and outcomes associated with sepsis have also improved. However, prompt recognition and intervention have always been at the forefront of management and should …

Go to article

What's My Age Again? Dementia And The Impact On An Aging Population, Joanna Vest Aug 2020

What's My Age Again? Dementia And The Impact On An Aging Population, Joanna Vest

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

A literature review of the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) database was performed to investigate the risk factors and pathophysiology of dementia in adults. Results were screened for English language and date of publication, with inclusion criteria of years 2015-2020. The search revealed several sub-types of dementia, as well as research into modifiable risk factors. Dementia arises mainly from accumulation of proteins in neurons, dysfunction of the blood brain barrier, vascular degeneration and hypoperfusion of tissues in the brain, and atrophy of brain tissue. Risk factors associated with cognitive decline include hypertension, obesity, insulin resistance, high …

Go to article

Epigenetic Effects On Health And Behavior, Peter Seivers Jul 2020

Epigenetic Effects On Health And Behavior, Peter Seivers

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Epigenetics plays a vital role in one’s health and behavior starting in utero and lasting until death. We look at why epigenetics is important and the mechanisms in which epigenetics works on one’s DNA. We will also see several of the disease processes in which we have research linking their causation directly to an epigenetic influence. The topic of epigenetics is quite large and growing and hence we have not sought to provide an exhaustive picture of the current research that is available. We feel the most important piece of this work is being able to connect the original study …

Go to article

Coronavirus, Carla Bonczak Jul 2020

Coronavirus, Carla Bonczak

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a novel virus that began its virulent spread in China December 2019. Since that time, it has spread worldwide and has affected individuals, business, and educational systems, as well as day to day life. COVID-19 has become a national pandemic. COVID-19 is spread through airborne droplets produced by affected individual that may or may not be symptomatic. Individuals may experience fevers, dry cough, and difficulty breathing. While most individuals with COVID-19 may be able to recover at home, several are requiring hospitalization. If patients are hospitalized, they are placed into an isolation negative air flow room for …

Go to article

Malignant Hyperthermia For The Nurse Anesthetist, Victor Clark Jul 2020

Malignant Hyperthermia For The Nurse Anesthetist, Victor Clark

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a rare, autosomal dominant skeletal muscle disorder that can have an insidious onset in susceptible patients exposed to the triggering agents succinylcholine, halothane, desflurane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane. MH can occur in patients who have received anesthesia with these agents in the past (Nagelhout & Plaus, 2018, p 775). Patients with a family history of MH or associated skeletal muscle disorder must be treated as MH-susceptible until proven otherwise. Failure to detect an MH crisis can lead to kidney failure, profound acidosis, coagulopathies, rhabdomyolysis, cardiac dysrhythmias, cardiovascular collapse, and death (Seifert et al., 2015). It is the …

Go to article

Infective Endocarditis, Lauren Verdow Jul 2020

Infective Endocarditis, Lauren Verdow

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Infective Endocarditis (IE) is a relatively rare disease but is well known to intensive care units and has a disturbingly high mortality rate despite advancements in medicine. IE is a condition characterized by damage to the endothelial lining of the heart, which can lead to vegetation growth on cardiac valves. IE can lead to a multitude of complications, such as pulmonary embolism or stroke. Patient education and prevention are crucial to reducing mortality and improving patient outcomes. Healthcare providers must be diligent in their measures to prevent pathogen entry into open areas, such as central access devices and wounds. They …

Go to article

Malignant Hyperthermia, Kathryn Hernandez Jul 2020

Malignant Hyperthermia, Kathryn Hernandez

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a condition in which the body goes into a hypermetabolic state affecting skeletal muscle in response to receiving inhaled anesthetics or the neuromuscular blocking agent, succinylcholine. MH is an autosomal dominant disorder that is most closely related to a defect in the ryanodine receptor. The defective receptor causes a rapid increase of intracellular calcium causing hyperthermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, hypercapnia, increased oxygen consumption, acidosis, hyperkalemia, muscle rigidity, and rhabdomyolysis. With the complexity of this disorder and its unique pathophysiological process it is crucial that all parts of the surgical team, especially anesthesia providers, understand how to treat …

Go to article

Understanding Covid-19, William Carson Ii Jul 2020

Understanding Covid-19, William Carson Ii

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has changed the lives of many. To combat the disease referred to as COVID- 19, anesthesia providers must be educated on specific topics. Understanding of a brief history of previous strands of the disease details the need for measures to reduce healthcare providers exposure. As patients present to the operating room (OR), viral and antibody testing combined provides identification and prognosis of the disease with infected patients who can transmit the disease. Anesthesia providers encounter transmission entry points frequently increasing possibility of exposure. The disease process of COVID-19 can lead to progression of complications necessitating interventions from …

Go to article

Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Katherine Stillman Jul 2020

Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Katherine Stillman

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Past understanding of the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) presents this chronic condition as a functional gastrointestinal disorder related to psychological causes. While no structural abnormalities are present in IBS, this poorly understood condition of persistent abdominal pain and altered bowel habits can be debilitating, contributing to a decreased quality of life. Current research has uncovered new evidence, that for many patients, symptoms may actually originate in the gut. An altered gut microbiome is now accepted as playing a central role in the development of the disorder. This poster summarizes the current pathophysiological concepts of IBS, including the role …

Go to article

Acute Kidney Injury, Mary Boadu Jul 2020

Acute Kidney Injury, Mary Boadu

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

This poster presents up to date information regarding acute kidney injury (AKI) which often presents in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Most patients may not have identifiable symptoms therefore, advanced practice clinicians are charged with a great responsibility to diagnose, treat and follow-up with such patients. It is pertinent that clinicians recognize AKI early in an effort to prevent adverse consequences as seen in the progression of AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Go to article

First Prev Next Last