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Articles 211 - 240 of 518
Full-Text Articles in Nursing
Clostridium Difficile Infection, Jacobina A. Adamu
Clostridium Difficile Infection, Jacobina A. Adamu
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) refers to bacterium that infects the gut thereby causing diarrhea (Luo & Barlam, 2018). This infection is common among people who have used antibiotics for treatment. There is a growing consensus in literature that the infection of the intestines with Clostridium difficile infection is the fastest growing healthcare issue not only in the United States but globally. Millions of Americans are infected with this bacterium, causing major concerns in the healthcare system. In addition, it is worth noting that Clostridium difficile infection is a burdensome healthcare condition given the fact that it costs the healthcare system …
Aortic Aneurysms, Trevor Cowles
Aortic Aneurysms, Trevor Cowles
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
An aortic aneurysm is an abnormal bulge that occurs in the wall of the major blood vessel (aorta) that carries blood from your heart to your body. Aortic aneurysms can occur anywhere in your aorta and may be tube-shaped (fusiform) or round (saccular). This poster is about the pathophysiology of how these abnormal bulges occur. It also covers the significance of the pathophysiology along with the clinical picture of what to expect if an individual experiences these mechanisms behind the pathophysiology.
Multiple Sclerosis, Kyle Smith
Multiple Sclerosis, Kyle Smith
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive central nervous system (CNS) disease with a largely unknown etiology. It is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder that causes inflammation and scarring on the myelin sheaths of neuronal axons. Because it affects the CNS, it has many debilitating signs and symptoms that involve the sensory, motor, cognitive, and autonomic systems (Capriotti, Noel, & Brissenden, 2018).
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Nicolette Vanaman
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, Nicolette Vanaman
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
No abstract provided.
Narcolepsy Or Gelineau Syndrome, Tammy Rainey
Narcolepsy Or Gelineau Syndrome, Tammy Rainey
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
According to the U.S. Library of Medicine (2018), 1 in 2000 individuals in the United States and Western Europe are affected by narcolepsy, or Gelineau syndrome. Those with mild symptoms may not be diagnosed, and worse yet, those seeking medical attention may be misdiagnosed, especially in children and adolescents. Further research of the disease revealed misdiagnosis is a common theme with narcolepsy. Often, individuals are diagnosed with emotional or psychiatric disorders and prescribed inappropriate medications. “Lack of clinical awareness about different presentations in children and adolescents often leads to misdiagnosis of narcolepsy as schizophrenia, epilepsy, and other neurological disorders” often …
Malignant Hyperthermia, Ryan Vincent
Malignant Hyperthermia, Ryan Vincent
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
No abstract provided.
Group B Streptococcus In Pregnancy, Lindsay Doyle
Group B Streptococcus In Pregnancy, Lindsay Doyle
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the ‘leading infectious cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in the United States” (Colicchia, Lauderdale, Du, Adams, & Hirsch, 2015, p. 173). GBS is a bacterium present in the vagina and/or anorectal flora of women and is considered to be normal flora which generally does not cause infection, however, if a pregnant woman is GBS positive and left untreated during birth, the newborn passing through the birth canal is at risk for becoming colonized (Bicheno & Geraghty, 2015, p. 224). Infants exposed to GBS may develop sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis within the first week after …
Pathophysiology Of Sepsis, Billie K. Newland
Pathophysiology Of Sepsis, Billie K. Newland
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Sepsis is a life-threatening medical emergency. In the United States, over 1.6 million hospitalizations and 250,000 deaths are attributed to sepsis each year. It is important that healthcare providers are aware of the signs/symptoms of sepsis because effective treatment depends on rapid recognition and treatment. Current quality improvement measures were used to investigate sepsis treatment recommendations. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and Joint Commision (JC) recommend the use of Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock Early Management Bundle (SEP-1). The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) launched the Emergency Quality Network (E-QUAL) Sepsis Initiative as an addition to the SEP1 …
Cystic Fibrosis, Fatime Sylla
Cystic Fibrosis, Fatime Sylla
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The study of the physiological development causing or associating with disease or injury provides an opportunity to find pertinent, personalized medicine for patients. In this perspective, Cystic fibrosis (CF), one of the most common lethal genetic and complex disease was analyzed as a perfect example on how knowing a disease process to the molecular level and understanding how it affects the individuals can lead to successful health results. Recent researches in CF have demonstrated that tailor therapies based on genetic findings have been effective in extending life expectancy of CF fibrosis patients to late 30s or 50s. However, other factors …
Bacterial Vaginosis, Shreya Patel
Bacterial Vaginosis, Shreya Patel
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a dysbiosis, or a microbial imbalance in the normal vaginal flora. Anaerobic pathogenic bacteria, particularly Gardnerella vaginalis, outgrow the normal, protective lactobacilli leading to symptoms of abnormal vaginal discharge and malodor. BV affects 21 million women in the United States alone. It is the most common vaginal disorder in women ages 15 to 44 years. Serious complications from BV include preterm labor, pelvic inflammatory disease and increased risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. The advanced practice nurse (APN) should have significant understanding of this disorder since it is so prevalent and recurring among …
Multiple Myeloma, Anne Doup
Multiple Myeloma, Anne Doup
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
No abstract provided.
Comprehending Angioedema: Ace-Inhibitor Reaction, Joseph Runyan
Comprehending Angioedema: Ace-Inhibitor Reaction, Joseph Runyan
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The following will discuss the implications of ACE-Inhibitor induced angioedema in relation to advanced nursing practice. The poster will first introduce a brief overview of what angioedema is and how it affects the patient. Along with an overview of ACE-Inhibitor usage and related effect interaction with bradykinin. The poster proceeds with discussion on signs and symptoms and underlying pathophysiology. Then finishes with significance of pathophysiology, treatment, implications of nursing care and concludes with the authors opinion of rapid recognition and treatment.
Osteoarthritis, Melissa Kloeppel
Osteoarthritis, Melissa Kloeppel
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slow-progressing inflammatory joint disorder that significantly reduces the quality of life for millions of Americans worldwide. This type of arthritis commonly impacts the weight-bearing joints and pain is often the first symptom experienced. OA is projected to increase both in prevalence and incidence. There are specific risk factors associated with this disease and knowing these risk factors, especially those that are modifiable, are essential in decreasing the likelihood of developing OA. Since there is no real cure for OA, considering the risk factors, knowing the signs and symptoms, becoming aware of the pathophysiology, and understanding what …
Thyroid Storm, Allison Caudill
Thyroid Storm, Allison Caudill
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Thyroid Storm is an extreme form of hyperthyroidism that can lead to death. This poster explores the pathophysiology behind the topic and it’s importance.
Malignant Melanoma, Angie Whitt
Malignant Melanoma, Angie Whitt
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Malignant melanoma is a rapidly proliferating, highly metastatic, deadly skin cancer and many people are unaware of the importance of early detection. It is especially crucial for advanced practice nurses to assess the skin of all of their patients, regardless of the primary complaint from the patient. The poster, Malignant Melanoma, describes the significance of the disease process, signs and symptoms, the pathophysiology, treatment, and implications of nursing care for this highly invasive skin cancer. The purpose of this electronic poster is to inform fellow peers and the public about the deadly effects of melanoma, ways to prevent contracting melanoma, …
Melanoma, Christina Pfeifer
Melanoma, Christina Pfeifer
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The focus of this poster was to obtain information to enhance knowledge and understanding about melanoma. The areas of focus were the presentation of melanoma along with signs and symptoms, risk factors, the underlying pathophysiology, as well as, the significance of the pathology. Implications to nursing care were also reviewed and discussed. The poster shows graphics in relation to the mnemonic “ABCDE” in relation to signs and symptoms presented, as well as, a graphic displaying a genetic link of patients diagnosed with melanoma. The incidence of melanoma was found to be on the rise and therefore it is relevant and …
The Role Of Peanut Allergy In Anaphylaxis, Jessica Schmelzer
The Role Of Peanut Allergy In Anaphylaxis, Jessica Schmelzer
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
The rise of food allergies directly correlates with the increase in anaphylactic reactions. Food allergies currently affect an estimated 15 million Americans or 4% of children and 1% of adults. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening reaction that is most commonly caused by food allergies. The top 8 allergens in the United States are: peanut, tree nut, milk, egg, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish. Peanut allergies are on the rise in the United States and are commonly a cause of anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis causes rapid-onset respiratory compromise, skin/mucosal involvement and hypotensive end-organ dysfunction. Symptoms of anaphylaxis are severe and often occur very quickly after …
Pathophysiology Of Celiac Disease, Alexandria Vigil
Pathophysiology Of Celiac Disease, Alexandria Vigil
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Celiac disease (CD) affects approximately 3 million Americans and approximately 1% of people worldwide (Cui, Basen, Philipp, Yusin, & Krishnaswamy, 2017). Of the estimated 3 million American’s living with CD, approximately 97% of them are undiagnosed or suffering from symptoms and not receiving proper treatment (The University of Chicago Celiac Disease Center, n.d.). My father-in-law fell into this un-diagnosed category, having had CD and suffering from symptoms for over a year prior to diagnosis. Due to the genetic predisposition for developing this disease, I was interested in further researching this topic as my fiancé and daughter are at a 4%-17% …
Chronic Bronchitis, Conrad Boyer
Chronic Bronchitis, Conrad Boyer
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Chronic Bronchitis is an aspect of the broad disease known as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). It is a widely prevalent disease in the world today and effects 15 million people and is the third leading cause of death. The signs and symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis is very specific, however diagnoses and treatment is different for each patient and can be quite challenging. The pathophysiology underlying Chronic Bronchitis is quite complex with metaplasia changes within the lung parenchyma, increase in mucous from goblet cell hyperplasia and chronic inflammation leading to permanent scarring. The bodies adaptive processes because of Chronic Bronchitis …
Cardiac Tamponade, Madison Stauffer
Cardiac Tamponade, Madison Stauffer
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Cardiac tamponade is a rare but life-threatening condition requiring emergent evacuation of the excess fluid around the heart. The leading cause of cardiac tamponade is iatrogenic complications. Pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and nursing considerations are further discussed within this poster.
Aspiration Pneumonitis, Meghan Little
Aspiration Pneumonitis, Meghan Little
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Aspiration pneumonitis is currently considered one of the major complications of anesthesia, with aspiration occurring in as many as 1 in every 2-3,000 surgical procedures (Nason, 2015). This process can result in severe postoperative complications, including respiratory failure and death. The purpose of this poster is to explain the presentation and pathophysiology behind aspiration pneumonitis and to explain the advanced practice nurse’s role in the prevention and treatment of it.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Emphysema, Sherri Cardellino
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Emphysema, Sherri Cardellino
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions that contribute to COPD. The purpose of this poster is to investigate and transfer knowledge of the pathophysiological concept of emphysema along with the significance of pathophysiology, and implications of nursing. The research also includes the signs and symptoms and treatment options available. Sources used were published between 2013- 2018 in the United States. The poster provides valuable information for providers to be competent when caring for this patient population.
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy, Katherine Holland
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy, Katherine Holland
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This poster focuses on chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) and the complex pathophysiological processes associated with the disorder. CIDP is an autoimmune disease impacting the peripheral nervous system by attacking the myelin sheath that surrounds nerves. Specifically, T lymphocytes use many mechanisms to promote cytotoxic attacks on the myelin sheath. Symptoms present over a period of several months and usually begin with motor weakness. Several treatments are available such as corticosteroids, IVIG, and immunomodulating drugs. However, as many subtypes of CIDP exist, more research is needed to provide patient-specific treatment regimens. An overview of the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, treatments, …
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Amber Stewart
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Amber Stewart
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
This poster takes an in depth look at Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). It reviews the commons signs and symptoms of the disease, the different ways it can present, why clinicians should pay closer attention to ALS, and the pathophysiology behind the disease. While exploring the pathophysiology of ALS, the poster also explores spontaneous ALS versus familial ALS and some of the known genetic mutations that occur causing this disease. The poster concludes with a recommendation for implications for nursing practice and a summary of the contents.
Pathophysiology Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Sarah Buck Davis
Pathophysiology Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Sarah Buck Davis
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders and is one of the most common reasons gastroenterology referrals are placed. IBS causes abdominal pain and is associated with altered bowel habits (Dlugosz, Zakikhany, Acevedo, D'Amato, & Lindberg, 2017, p. 1). While the pathophysiology of IBS is still being explored, it is multifactorial, and recent studies have shown that inflammation and immunological alterations play a role in the development of IBS (Dlugosz et al., 2017, p. 1). IBS causes abdominal pain and discomfort, negatively affects patients’ quality of life, and contributes to increased anxiety and depression. …
Vasoplegic Syndrome, Monica Arce
Vasoplegic Syndrome, Monica Arce
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Vasoplegic syndrome is a loss of vasomotor tone and a medical emergency. It is frequently seen in cardiac surgery cases, long OR cases, with use of cardiopulmonary bypass, and in certain septic patients. It has a high morbidity and mortality, and must be recognized early for a positive outcome. Vasoplegia is vaguely defined as a severe hypotension that is nonresponsive to usual treatment, such as fluids, inotropes, or vasopressors. It has a complicated pathophysiology and requires precise and closely monitored treatment. Advanced practice nurses need to be prepared to care for these complex and emergent patients.
Coronary Artery Disease, Christopher Clouse
Coronary Artery Disease, Christopher Clouse
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, killing 370,000 people annually (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). CAD is an atherosclerotic process, eventually leading to impaired coronary blood flow and oxygen delivery. Atherosclerotic plaques can then rupture, causing vessel blockage, and further complications such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, and multi-system organ dysfunction. This poster dives into the pathophysiology behind atherosclerosis and CAD and offers treatment suggestions and nursing implications.
Breastfeeding-Associated Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia, Sara Lord
Breastfeeding-Associated Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia, Sara Lord
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Neonatal jaundice is one of the most common conditions in neonates, with 60-80% of infants experiencing some degree of increased serum bilirubin levels (Itoh, Okada, Kuboi, & Kusaka, 2017). Physiological jaundice is most commonly noted in the first week of life, with rising and peak levels occur between day of life three to five (Moncrieff, 2018) All infants experience a rise in serum bilirubin following birth due to their immature liver’s inability to clear the byproduct of red blood cell breakdown, bilirubin, from the blood (Gardner, Carter, Hines, & Hernandez, 2016). Hyperbilirubinemia can be caused by a variety of factors …
Post Concussion Syndrome, Maria Blank
Post Concussion Syndrome, Maria Blank
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
Post concussion syndrome (PCS) is the persistence of concussion symptoms for longer than one month after the initial injury. PCS varies in the length and duration of its symptoms ranging from mild and/or short duration to debilitating and/or chronic; therefore, PCS presents differently in every patient. The complex pathophysiology of PCS as well as that of a mild traumatic brain injury will be discussed in this poster. The complexity of the treatment and pathophysiology of this syndrome leads to a need for greater discussion and education for healthcare providers so that they may better identify and treat these patients.
Caring For Cardiovascular Disease In Patients With Sle, Diondra Penland
Caring For Cardiovascular Disease In Patients With Sle, Diondra Penland
Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)
No abstract provided.