Nursing Commons^™

Emergency Nurses' Perception Of Department Design As An Obstacle To Providing End-Of-Life Care, Renea L. Beckstrand, Ryan J. Rasmussen, Karlen E. (Beth) Luthy, Sondra Heaston

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Of the 119.2 million visits to the emergency department in 2006, it was estimated that about 249,000 visits resulted in the patient dying or being pronounced dead on arrival. In 2 national studies of emergency nurses' perceptions of end-of-life (EOL) care, ED design was identified as a large and frequent obstacle to providing EOL care. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of ED design on EOL care as perceived by emergency nurses and to determine how much input emergency nurses have on the design of their emergency department.

Methods: A 25-item questionnaire regarding ED …

Differences In Substance-Related Risk Behavior Between Dual And Triple Diagnosed Severely Mentally Ill Adults, Michelle Hampton, Linda Chafetz, Carmen Portillo

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Two-Stage Cluster Sampling Method Using Gridded Population Data, A Gis, And Google Earth(Tm) Imagery In A Population-Based Mortality Survey In Iraq, Lp Galway, Nathaniel Bell, Al Shatari Sae, Amy Hagopian, Gilbert Burnham, Abraham Flaxman, Wiliam M. Weiss, Julie Rajaratnam, Tim K. Takaro

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND:

Mortality estimates can measure and monitor the impacts of conflict on a population, guide humanitarian efforts, and help to better understand the public health impacts of conflict. Vital statistics registration and surveillance systems are rarely functional in conflict settings, posing a challenge of estimating mortality using retrospective population-based surveys.

RESULTS:

We present a two-stage cluster sampling method for application in population-based mortality surveys. The sampling method utilizes gridded population data and a geographic information system (GIS) to select clusters in the first sampling stage and Google Earth TM imagery and sampling grids to select households in the second sampling …

Evaluation Of Methods To Relieve Parental Perceptions Of Vaccine-Associated Pain And Anxiety In Children: A Pilot Study, Karlen E. (Beth) Luthy, Renea L. Beckstrand, Amy Pulsipher

Faculty Publications

Introduction: The pain and anxiety associated with vaccination is a significant reason why parents are reluctant to have their children vaccinated. Distraction methods and vapocoolant sprays may be use to modify the parent's perceptions of their child's pain and anxiety, thus encouraging parents to return for the child's next vaccination.

Methods: A convenience sample of 68 parents with children ranging in age from 2 to 12 years was selected. The parents and the child were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group, a DVD distraction group, or a vapocoolant spray group. After the child was vaccinated, parents evaluated the …

The Future Of Nursing: How Important Is Discipline-Specific Knowledge? A Conversation With Jacqueline Fawcett, Janie B. Butts, Karen L. Rich, Jacqueline Fawcett

Faculty Publications

Nurses have long attempted to secure a unique identity for the profession. Many scholars are now promoting an interdisciplinary framework for nursing practice. Fawcett is convinced that interdisciplinary practice poses a danger for nursing to lose its identity and that interdisciplinary practice cannot be successful if members of each discipline do not understand the conceptual models, practice, and research of their own discipline. Dr. Janie Butts and Dr. Karen Rich interviewed Dr. Jacqueline Fawcett about her views related to discipline-specific knowledge and nursing's future. The authors conclude that Fawcett's scientific foundation gives nursing the solidarity and power necessary to determine …

A 2010 Survey Of The Inacsl Membership About Simulation Use, Teresa Gore, Patrick Van Gele, Patricia K. Ravert, Cédric Mabire

Faculty Publications

Background: The survey was used to identify current nursing simulation practices of the INACSL membership.

Method: The similarities between U.S. and international responders identified: (a) the education/experience of simulation educators, (b) use of a theory/conceptual framework, (c) use of commercial based simulation products and internally created scenarios, (d) interprofessional simulation, (e) student roles played in simulation, (f) regulation of simulation by licensing/governing body, and (g) simulations based on objectives.

Results: Significant differences were noted: (a) mandatory viewing of recording, (b) length of debriefing time, (c) ratio of simulation counted as clinical hours, (d) use of National League for Nursing simulation …

Integrating Advanced Writing Content Into A Scholarly Inquiry In Nursing Course, Barbara L. Madleco

Faculty Publications

Since there are few data examining methods to help students learn to write in a scholarly manner, the purposes of this project were to (1) evaluate students’ learning of writing content integrated into a Scholarly Inquiry in Nursing course by examining differences in scores on a writing assessment taken at the beginning and end of the course; and (2) examine student confidence ratings relative to writing to see if it improved during the course. After obtaining IRB approval and informed consent, the CLIPS pre and post assessment mean scores of 82 students in a Scholarly Inquiry in Nursing course were …

History And Development Of The Simulation Effectiveness Tool (Set), Victoria L. Elfrink Corgi, Kim Leighton, Nancy Ryan-Wenger, Thomas J. Doyle, Patricia K. Ravert

Faculty Publications

Background: There has been a lack of reliable and valid instruments measuring human patient simulation effectiveness reported in the literature. Two related studies addressing this concern are described.

Methods: A multi-phased pilot investigation at a single nursing program (N=161) and a follow-up multi-site national study (N=645) evaluated the reliability of the Simulation Effectiveness Tool (SET) as a measure of the effectiveness of a simulated clinical experience (SCE).

Results: Findings from the pilot study resulted in a revision of the original 20-item evaluation tool to a 13-item 3-point ordinal scale instrument. Two subscales, “confidence” and “learning” were noted with Chronbach's alpha …

Constructivism Applied To Psychiatric–Mental Health Nursing: An Alternative To Supplement Traditional Clinical Education, Michelle Hampton

Faculty Publications

With the popularity of accelerated pre‐licensure nursing programmes and the growth in nursing student enrolments, traditional clinical education continues to be a challenge to deliver. Nursing faculty members are required to develop and implement educational innovations that achieve effective learning outcomes, while using fewer resources. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the effectiveness of a constructivism‐based learning project to achieve specific learning outcomes and to supplement approximately 30 clinical hours in a psychiatric–mental health nursing course. Students participated in a 10‐week, multistage project that examined life histories, treatment resources, and evidence‐based practice, as applied to a single …

Debriefing Experience Scale: Development Of A Tool To Evaluate The Student Learning Experience In Debriefing, Shelly Jensen Reed

Faculty Publications

Background: Debriefing represents the reflection phase of the simulation process, in which feelings are resolved and learning is solidified, but the nursing student experience during debriefing is largely unknown.

Method: The Debriefing Experience Scale was developed from debriefing literature and expert opinion. This scale was used in 2 research studies and refined through the use of factor analysis.

Results: The resulting scale, divided into 4 subscales, consists of 20 items defining the nursing student debriefing experience.

Conclusions: The Debriefing Experience Scale has the potential to assist in providing further insight.

Giving Birth: The Voices Of Women In Tamil Nadu, India, Cheryl A. Corbett, Lynn Clark Callister

Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study is to describe the perceptions of childbearing women living in Tamil Nadu, India. This study can increase cultural understanding and foster cultural competence in nurses caring for Indian women.

Study Design and Methods: Women were invited to share their childbearing experiences. Following institutional review board approval, interviews were held with 22 women who had given birth in the previous 18 months to a viable infant. The women were grateful for the opportunity to share their perspectives with an interested nurse investigator. Data collection proceeded concurrently with data analysis. Themes were generated collaboratively …

Developing Positive Attitudes Toward Geriatric Nursing Among Millennials And Generations Xers, Barbara A. Heise, Vickie Johnsen, Deborah O. Himes, Debra Wing

Faculty Publications

Despite the increase of the older adult population, there exists a shortage of health care professionals trained to help this population remain independent as long as possible. Ageism, common among younger adults, affects the capacity building of health care for older adults. Research has indicated that increased knowledge about older adults, as well as exposure to the elderly, may alter nursing students' attitudes regarding careers in gerontological nursing. However, questions remain as to what are the most effective ways to provide gerontological content in nursing programs and enhance attitudes toward older adults. With the understanding that younger adults see a …

Differences In Substance-Related Risk Behavior Between Dual And Triple Diagnosed Severely Mentally Ill Adults, Michelle Hampton, Linda Chafetz, Carmen Portillo

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences exist between adults with dual and triple diagnoses with regard to substance-related risk behaviors. This secondary analysis was a cross-sectional study. There were 252 subjects with dual and triple diagnoses recruited from residential crisis programs in San Francisco. Using descriptive and logistic regression analyses, subjects in the two groups were compared with regard to demographic data, types of substances, and routes of administration used in the previous 30 days to determine risk for exposure and/or transmission of human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus. When compared to the dual diagnosis group, subjects …

Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Are Ed Providers Identifying Which Patients Are At Risk?, Barbara Stuart, Barbara Mandleco, Renea L. Beckstrand, Sondra Heaston

Faculty Publications

Objective: To identify patients with specific ED discharge diagnoses reporting symptoms associated with a mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), compare frequency/severity of MTBI symptoms by discharge diagnosis, investigate head injury education provided at ED discharge, and learn about changes made by MTBI patients after injury.

Methods: The Post Concussion Symptom Scale, a demographic questionnaire, and open-ended questions about the impact the injury had on patients' lives were completed by 52 ED patients, at least 2 weeks after injury, discharged with concussion/closed head injury, head laceration, motor vehicle crash (MVC), or whiplash/cervical strain diagnoses.

Results: Between 1 and 23 MTBI symptoms …

Postpartum Depression And Help‐Seeking Behaviors In Immigrant Hispanic Women, Lynn Clark Callister, Renea Beckstrand, Cheryl A. Corbett

Faculty Publications

Objectives: To describe perceptions of immigrant Hispanic women experiencing symptoms of postpartum depression (PPD) and to identify barriers to seeking mental health services.

Design: Qualitative descriptive.

Setting: Community health clinic.

Participants: Twenty immigrant Hispanic women scoring positive for symptoms of PPD receiving health care at a community health clinic who declined mental health services participated in audiotaped interviews held in their homes.

Methods: Following Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent, interviews were conducted with study participants. Transcribed data were analyzed as appropriate for qualitative inquiry.

Results: Some of the women did not recognize and/or denied their symptoms attributing their …

Code Simulations And Death: Processing Of Emotional Distress, Jane D. Leavy, Calvin J. Vanderhoff, Patricia K. Ravert

Faculty Publications

It is important for nursing students to be exposed to critical patient care scenarios because high stress clinical situations, such as patient codes, occur unexpectedly and infrequently in the clinical setting. In addition, it is important for nursing students to be exposed to the reality of patient death in order to help them overcome fears associated with death and to develop effective coping strategies. Students may or may not have an opportunity to deal with patient codes or patient death in the clinical setting, therefore simulation labs provide students with the opportunity to practice important clinical skills and discuss emotions …

Librarians As Partners Of The Nursing Faculty In Teaching Scholarly Inquiry In Nursing To Undergraduates At Brigham Young University, Jane Lassetter, Barbara L. Mandleco, Lynn C. Callister, Elizabeth S. Hopkins, Meagan Astill

Faculty Publications

This paper describes collaboration between the nursing librarian and faculty members teaching Scholarly Inquiry in Nursing (Nursing Research), a course for baccalaureate nursing students. Workshops presented by the librarian enhanced nursing students' information literacy skills, particularly related to accessing evidence-based sources. Student perceptions of the library integration with Scholarly Inquiry in Nursing are presented, and suggest that librarians empower them with knowledge and skills that enhance their ability to integrate evidence into their nursing practice.

Integrating A Professional Apprenticeship Model With Clinical Simulation For Psychiatric Nursing Students, M. C. Crider, Susan Mcniesh

Faculty Publications

In this article, we present a theory-based application of clinical simulation in psychiatric-mental health nursing education. As described by Benner, Sutphen, Leonard, and Day, a three-pronged apprenticeship that integrates intellectual, practical, and ethical aspects of the professional role is critical in the development of practical reasoning in nursing education and training. Clinical encounters are often fraught with ambiguity and uncertainty. Therefore, educating for a practice discipline requires experiential and situated learning. Using the three-pronged experiential model in simulated psychiatric-mental health nursing practice supports the development of critical nursing skills, ethics, and theoretical concepts. A clinical scenario is presented that demonstrates …

The Lived Experience Of Students In An Accelerated Nursing Program: Intersecting Factors That Influence Experiential Learning, Susan Mcniesh

Faculty Publications

The goal of this interpretive research study was to articulate the lived experience of students in an accelerated master’s of nursing entry program learning the practice of nursing within a clinical setting. Specific questions included: How did previous life experiences, education, and career choices influence the experience of second-degree students? What were the potential effects on learning of condensing and accelerating the curriculum as is requisite in second-degree programs? Data from small group and individual interviews were collected and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological methods. Akin to the experience of tourists or new immigrants, students were confronted with new physical demands, …

The Composite First Person Narrative: Texture, Structure, And Meaning In Writing Phenomenological Descriptions, M. S. Wertz, M. Nosek, Susan Mcniesh, E. Marlow

Faculty Publications

This paper illustrates the use of composite first person narrative interpretive methods, as described by Todres, across a range of phenomena. This methodology introduces texture into the presently understood structures of phenomena and thereby creates new understandings of the phenomenon, bringing about a form of understanding that is relationally alive that contributes to improved caring practices. The method is influenced by the work of Gendlin, Heidegger, van Manen, Gadamer, and Merleau-Ponty. The method’s applicability to different research topics is demonstrated through the composite narratives of nursing students learning nursing practice in an accelerated and condensed program, obese female adolescents attempting …

Learning Formative Skills Of Nursing Practice In An Accelerated Program, Susan Mcniesh, P. Benner, C. Chesla

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this qualitative research study was to describe how students in an accelerated master’s degree entry program experientially learned the practice of nursing. One research question examined in this study was: What formative experiences did students identify as helping them develop and differentiate their clinical practice? Data from clinical observations and a combination of small group and individual interviews were collected and analyzed using interpretive phenomenological methods. Students identified formative skills learned through the independent care of a patient as pivotal in their identity and agency development. By experiencing the responsibility and action from within the body and …

Skin Blood Flow Response To 2-Hour Repositioning In The Long-Term Care Residents: A Pilot Study, Vivian K. Wong

Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: The purpose of this noninvasive pilot study was to examine the changes in transcutaneous oxygen (tcO2), skin temperature, and hyperemic response in the heels, sacrum, and trochanters in a 2-hour loading-unloading condition in nursing home residents who are positioned in supine and lateral positions. DESIGN: A 1-group, prospective, repeated-measures design was used. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: Nine subjects (5 males, 4 females) with a mean age of 85.3 ± 10.86 years (mean ± SD) who required help in turning and positioning at a skilled nursing facility participated in the study. METHODS: Oxygen and temperature sensors were placed on the heels, …

Changes In Temperature Of Heel Skin Under Pressure In Hip Surgery Patients, Vivian K. Wong, N. A. Stotts, H. W. Hopf, G. A. Dowling, E. S. Froelicher

Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of external pressure of the bed surface on heel skin temperature in adults in the first 3 days after hip surgery. DESIGN: A quasi-experimental study in a prospective, within-subjects, repeated-measures design. SETTING: This study was performed at 2 acute-care hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen subjects (9 men and 9 women) with a mean age of 58.3 (±16.1) years were recruited after hip surgery at the 2 hospitals. METHODS: Temperature sensors were placed on the plantar surface of each foot, close to the heels. Measures were taken when the heels were (1) …

Obesity And Overweight Prevalence Among A Mississippi Low-Income Preschool Population: A Five-Year Comparison, Bonnie Harbaugh, Jerome R. Kolbo, Elaine F. Molaison, Geoffrey M. Hudson, Lei Zhang, Danyell Wells

Faculty Publications

Purpose. This study determined 2010 rates of overweight/obesity in a representative sample of low-income preschoolers in Mississippi, USA and compared rates between 2005 (� = 1 2 5 0) and 2010 (� = 1 7 6 5). Significance. Obesity is a significant global health issue because of its well-established negative health consequences. Child obesity is a concern due to risk of early-onset obesity-related illnesses and the longevity of lifetime exposure to those illnesses. Methods. Identical measures were used in 2005 and 2010 with complex-stratified sampling designs. Results. Chi-square tests revealed that overall obesity/overweight rates between 2005 (20.6%/17.9%) and 2010 (20.8%/17.0%) …

Perspectives On Nursing: Using Multimedia Interviews To Influence Career Decisions, Karen M. Lundberg, Michael C. Johnson, Cheryl A. Corbett, Michael Thompson

Faculty Publications

Students often have misconceptions regarding the reality of nursing and the opportunities available to nurses that sometimes result in poor choices related to pursuing nursing as a career. To help prenursing students make better-informed career decisions and address misunderstandings, faculty developed the DVD and Web site Perspectives on Nursing, a collection of 15 nurse interviews. The authors describe and discuss the project, the value of recorded nurses' stories, analysis of student feedback, and recommendations.

Newbery Award Winning Books 1975–2009: How Do They Portray Disabilities?, Melissa Leininger, Tina Taylor, Mary Anne Prater, Melissa Allen Heath

Faculty Publications

Newbery books represent quality literature that has a profound social-emotional impact on its readers, yet these books have not been systematically evaluated for their portrayal of characters with disabilities. Thirty-one Newbery Award and Honor books from 1975–2009 were identified and portrayed 41 main or supporting characters with disabilities. These books were evaluated using the Rating Scale for Quality Characterizations of Individuals with Disabilities in Children’s Literature. Results indicate the representation of Newbery characters with disabilities is not proportionate to the current U.S. population of students with disabilities. Further, racial representation portrayed in these books is not representative of the diverse …

A New Life For The Care Plan?, Laura K. Heermann Langford, Ann Tinker, Marc-Aurel Martial

Faculty Publications

The current hot topic within clinical informatics is meaningful use and incentive payments defined under the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act's electronic health record (EHR) incentive program. This recent legislation calls for healthcare providers to meet a set of minimum requirements using a certified EHR. The point of this government program is to support the widespread adoption of the EHR. The program lays out an overall plan that incentivizes hospitals and providers to implement, adopt, and "meaningfully" use an EHR. The incentive program starts with basic data entry and exchange in a standardized manner, with …

Improving Immunization Rates In The Clinic And In The Community, Karlen E. (Beth) Luthy, Arlene M. Sperhac, Sandra A. Faux, Joseph K. Miner

Faculty Publications

Over the past decade, the United States haas had tremendous success in achieving very high immunization compliance rates among children, sometimes as high as 91%. However, despite progress toward controlling the spread of communicable disease through immunizations, more than 2.1 million children nationwide are not adequately immunized. Even among US children who are adequately immunized, only about half of them actually received their immunization on time.

Postpartum Depression And Culture: Pesado Corazon, Lynn Clark Callister, Renea L. Beckstrand, Cheryl A. Corbett

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this article is to describe what the -literature has shown about postpartum depression (PPD) in culturally diverse women. The majority of qualitative studies done with women identified as -having PPD have been conducted with Western -women, with the second largest group focusing on Chinese women. This article reviews the qualitative studies in the literature and discusses how the management of PPD in technocentric and ethnokinship cultures differs. Social support has been shown to be significantly related to fewer symptoms of PPD, and culturally prescribed practices may or may not be -cultural mediators in decreasing the incidence of …

Practical Considerations In Establishing Sustainable International Nursing Experiences, Rae Jeanne Memmott, Catherine R. Coverston, Barbara A. Heise, Mary Williams, Erin D. Maughan, James Kohl, Sheri P. Palmer

Faculty Publications

An understanding of global health and the development of cultural competence are important outcomes of today's baccalaureate nursing programs. Thoughtfully designed International experiences can provide excellent opportunities to achieve those outcomes. Based Ono 16 years of providing International experiences within a baccalaureate curriculum, components are identified that contribute to the development of a sustainable international program. Areas addressed in the article are evaluating the fit with university and college mission, establishing the program within the university operational structure, selecting faculty and students, developing sites, designing a course, and program evaluation.